US1084764A - Combination-lock. - Google Patents

Description

J. STORE, JR. COMBINATION LOCK.

APPLICATION IILED MAY 25, 1911.

1,084,764. Patented Jan. 20, 1914,

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Wilnesses. Im enizm COLUMBIA I'LANOGHAPH c0..wAs|||NGTON. u. c.

J. STORE, JR. COMBINATION LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 25, 1911.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WHnesfses. fnvnior. 1w 4W 144 @MMM 1,084,764. Patented Jan.20,1914.

J. STORR, JR.

COMBINATION LOOK. APPLICATION FILED MAY Z5, 1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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Wz'inesses.

1M MM wwm COLUMBIA ILANOHRAPH C0..WASH|NOTON. 0.1:.

Patented J an. 20, 1914.

NTE El STATES PATENT FFTGE.

JOHN STORE, JIL, OF OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CANADA.

COMBINATION-LOCK.

1,084,764. Specification of Letters Patent Patented Jan. 20, 1914. Application filed May 25, 1911. Serial No. 629,482. To all whom it may concern: showing the ratchet teeth thereof. Fig. 12 is Be it known that I, Jonn S'roRn, J12, of a perspective detail view of the dog. Fig. 13 104 Bank street, city of Ottawa, Ontario, is a perspective detail view of the roll-back. Canada, a subject of the King of Great Fig. 1 1 is a perspective detail view of the Britain, have invented certain new and usebolt bar. Fig. 15 is a perspective detail view ful Improvements in Combination-Locks, of l of the handle bar partially broken away. which the following is a specification. In the present drawings, the mechanism The invention relates to improvements in is shown and described with reference to combination locks,as described in the present standard types of mortise locks, as used on specification, and illustrated in the accomdoors, though it must be understood that panying drawings, that form part of the the casing in whlch the lock mechanism is m contained, as also the shape and connections the lock mechanism is unimportant, and may be altered at will either for the purposes of a latch lock, door lock, safe lock, deposit box lock, or may be 0perated to merely release further locking belts or locking mechanism.

Like numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in each figure.

Referring to the drawings, 1 is the back plate of the casing and 1 the front half or cover portion, said back plate having the front plate 2 secured thereto, and the bolt bar orifice 3 extending through said front plate 2.

4t and 5 are journal orifices in the back and front plates 1 and 1 respectively.

6 is a ratchet wheel, having the concentric circular opening 7 theretln'ough.

8 are teeth formed on the outer edge of the ratchet wheel (3. The teeth 8 are twelve in number, as shown in the accompanying drawings, and extend around three-fourths of the periphery of the wheel, leaving onefourth clear.

9 is a pin extending laterally from the inner face of the ratchet wheel (3 immediately beneath the first tooth 8.

10 is a pawl, having the circular shaped end 11 fitting the correspondingly shaped recess 12 formed at one end of the recess 13 formed on the inner periphery of the ratchet wheel (3.

14 is a spring suitably pressed into position in the recess 13, and contacting with the pawl 10, whereby the tooth of said pawl is spring-held projecting beyond the inner periphery of the said ratchet wheel (3.

15 is an adjustable ring substantially equal in diameter to the ratchet wheel (3, and fitting thcreagainst, said ring having the orifices 1(3 circularly arranged there- The invention consists essentially of the of the bolt bar or novel arrangement and construction 0' parts, whereby a disk rotatable in one direction has a second disk mounted on the face thereof, and rotatable in relation to the first disk in the opposite direction only, and a cam disk rotatably mounted on the face of said second disk, and limited in rotation with respect to said second disk, and turning with a handle bar, said disks having registering parts which coact with a dog operatively connected to a bolt bar.

The objects of the invention are to devise a combination lock of few parts and simple construction, which may be readily set to operate any desired combination, and will in no manner indicate the respective positions of the parts before being in complete arrangement for operation of the bolt bar.

A, further object of the invention is to devise a lock of this class, which may be operated by either the sense of touch or the sense of sound,without reference to any indicating disk or plate.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of the lock with the face plate removed. Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view of the lock mechanism. Fig. 3 is a perspective detail. view, showing the several disks and ratchet wheels partially broken away. Fig. 1 is a perspective detail view of the ratchet wheel with pawl secured thereto. Fig. 5 is a perspective detail view of the outer ring. Fig. 6 is a perspective detail view of the free ring. Fig. 7 is a perspective detail view of the ratchet barrel. Fig. 8 is a perspective detail view of the front disk. Fig. 5) is a perspective detail view of the washer bolt bar. Fig. 15 is aperspect' 'e detail view of the cam plate and sleeve. Fig. 11 is an end elevation view of the ratchet barrel,

around, and correspondin a in number and wardlyat the end thereofto form the pin 33. radialposition to thein entations formed. 34' is a cam disk having the hub and by the teeth 8 of said ratchet wheelfi the. the squared orifice 36 centrally arranged pin 9 projecting through anorifice deter: therein, andthenotch37 on the periphery mined by the combination desired'as herethereof, said notch being beveled on one inafter fully explained. sideeto form substantially a tooth. It may be here mentioned that the teeth 38 is a lug projecting inwardly from the referred to 011515116, ratchet. wheel 6 are. in? innerfaceof the cam disk 34. tended to indicate and include each portion The hub 35 of the cam disk 34 is inserted 10 of said wheel where an indentation is made tlirouglrth'e washer 31, disk 26 and orifice to form a shoulder or tooth of serrated 23of the ratchet barrel 22, as particularly shape; that is, thereare thirteenindenta-- shown in Fig. 2, and :extends into the jourtions in all, having immediately nextith'erenal orifice 40f the-back plate 1, whereby the tocaishioulder or, as termed inthepresent several partsias hereinbefore described are 15 specification, aitooth rotatably supported.

18: is- -a-radi alinotch in th'e periphery of 41 isthe handle barsq-uared fin: cross secthe wheel 15; tion, and formed of the two sections 42 and 19 is "a second' and freering similar in 43, one section. 42 being inserted through the size to'the-wheel 15, and having the periphhub -35 of the canr disk 34;

2 eralmotchi 20-, an'd the lug 21 projecting The inner end fof the section 42 of'th'e from theinneriface thereof immediately behandle bar isreduced to form the pin 45, side said notch 20. having thecircumferentialggroove 46,- said 22'isa ratchetbarrel, having the central pin 45 fitting the corresponding orifice 47 journalorifice-23, and 'the circumferential 1n; the inner end I of the section 43 of the 25 flange 24 atthe innerend thereof' said handle bar; the-handle bar 43 imme- 25' are teeth formed in the periphery of diately over the groove 46 being pressed inthe ratchet-barrel 22at theinner'end therewardly at48, whereby the sections 42 and of," said teeth being shown vasnine in num 43 of saidhandle bar are united together, her, and spaced-radially toncorrespond' to hut may rotateon their longitudinal axis 30 theteeth 8-ofthe ratchet whee1'6. The the one free of theother.

teeth 25 of the-barrel hub facein the oppo- 49 is a roll-backformed as customary with site direction to the teeth '8 formed on the the sleeve 50, having the squared orifice 51 outer edge of the ratchetring 6- when the therethrough, and into which the inner end several'parts of the lock are assembled as of the section 4301" the handle bar fits.

35 hereinafterdescribed. 52 are lugs projecting radially from dia-' 30 isa pin rprojecting fromthe inner'end metrically oppositepointson the sleeve 50 of the ratchet barrel 22 adjacent the edge of 'the roll back 49. thereof; The free ring 19 fits onto the 53' is the-bolt bar, preferably formed of a ratchet barrel 22 agai'nst'the-flange-24, and flat piece of sheet: metal, and having the 40 the ring 15 with the ratchet-- wheel 6' are elongated "slot-54 intermediate of-thelength fitted on the ratchetbarrel 122, so thatthe thereof. pawl 10 of the said ratchet wheel 6 en- 55 is an enlarged beveled end of thebolt gages--with the teeth 25 of saidratchet bar, said bar being inserted in the lock-casbarrel, ing, so that the-beveled latch end 55 pro- 45 26- isa front disk, having the central jects through the opening 3 in the face journal orifice-39 therethrough, and fitting plate 2, and theslot 54 fits over the inner 0 against the inner end of the ratchet bar ,end of the sleeve 50 of theroll-back .49.

122, 56'arelugs projecting outwardly from the 27 is a notch extending; radially into the outer faceof the bar 53 immediately next 50 front disk 26, and corresponding to thethe lugs-52of-the roll-back 49, whereby one notches 18 and '20- in :the rings 15 and 19 or other of the lugs 52, when the roll-back respectively.

is rotated in either direction, will engage 2S-and 29 are orifices arranged in two c1rwith oneor other of the lugs 56 on the bolt cularrows around the front disk 26,- andbar, and withdraw the same into the lock, 55 spaced radially to correspond to the teeth as customary in the construction of such of the ratchet wheelg6 'and the ratchet bars locks, the inner end of the roll-back forming rel 22, the-said disk 26 fitting againstthe the support for said bolt bar. Theinner end inner end of the hub'22 as above mentioned,

of the bolt bar 53 is angularly offset at 57, whereby the pin 30 projects through one of and meets the back plate 1 of the casing. 60 theorifices 29-accordingto the combination 58- is a longitudinally extending slot desired as more particularly hereinafter exformed in thebolt bar 53 immediately inplained. side the latch end 55.

31 is awasher, having the arm 32extend-, 59 is a curved dog lever, having one end ing. radially therefrom, and turned in-- thereof pivotally secured in the slot 58 by the screw 60 inserted through said slot and into a correspondingly threaded orifice in the end of the dog lever 59. The upper and free end of the dog lever 59 is turned inwardly at 61, the under side of said inwardly turned end being cut away in step form, the under step resting upon the top or peripheral edge of the cam disk 34;, the second step resting upon the peripheral edge of the front disk 26 and rings 15 and 19.

62 is an extension from the inwardly turned end 61 paralleling the lever 59.

63 is a pawl having the pin 64 extending laterally therefrom, and through corre sponding orifices in the piece 62 and the dog lever 59, whereby the toothed end of said pawl 63 is supported immediately alongside the upper step of the end 61, said pawl e11- gaging with the teeth 8 of the ratchet wheel 6. The pawl 63 has the tail-piece 65 extending rearwardly therefrom, and 66 is a spiral spring encircling the pin 64: of said dog, and having one end thereof caught over the edge of the dog lever 59, and the other end caught under the tail-piece 65, whereby an upward spring pressure is maintained on the tailpiece 65 of the dog, holding the toothed end thereof into contact with the teeth 8.

67 is a stud pin projecting outwardly from the back plate 1.

68 is a spiral spring encircling the stud pin 67 and having the ends thereof elongated, one end extending and bearing upon the inwardly turned end 61 of the dog lever 59, and the other end of said spring extending over and bearing against the inwardly ofl'set end 57 of the bolt bar 53. By this means the bolt bar is spring-held to its outer position with the beveled latch end 55 extending beyond the face plate of the lock, and the same spring presses the dog lever 59 against the peripheries of the several disks as hereinbefore mentioned.

It will of course be understood that the bolt-bar spring held to its outer position as above explained is always in position to recede into the lock when closing against a door jamb, the dog lever 59 remaining stationary due to the arrangement of the screw 60 in the slot 58, but when the several parts of the look as described hereinbefore which are connected to the handle are brought into operative position to draw on the dog lever, the boltbar is always moved therewith, said dog lever being spring held and consequently normally returning to the position shown in Fig. 1 independent of the bolt-bar, the only operative connection of the dog lever being to draw the bolt-bar into the lock as hereinafter fully explained.

In the operation of the lock, it will be un derstood that the handle secured to the section 48 of the handle bar is placed on the inside of the door, where it may be turned at will to rotate the roll-back l9, and always withdraw the bolt bar into the lock casing to open the door as common in locks of this type, and it may be here mentioned that this inner handle in the case of a lock for a safety deposit box or the like, may be eliminated, and the lock operated on the outside only through the handle attachment to the section 42 of the handle bar, and by means of the combination as hereinafter described.

The combination to be used in opening the lock is determined by the position of the ring 15 on the ratchet wheel 6 and the disk 26 on the ratchet barrel 22 respectively, and in addition thereto the position of the pin 2-33 of the washer 31 governs the mm ements of the free ring 19. It is well, however, to consider the free ring 19 in following out the operation and arrangement of the combination, as being entirely subsiduary to the operation of the ratchet wheel 6, that is to sa the ratchet wheel 6 is the member which marks or denotes the first and last i counts of the combination when the knob is being turned clockwise to the right, and the i ratchet wheel 6 must be first turned to the y right the first count, after which it is returncd to the left to make the second count on the teeth of the barrel ratchet, and finally again turned to the right to make the last count. In this manner the actual progress of the member turning the free ring is equal only to the total number of teeth of the lfirst and last counts of the combination, yminus the number of teeth of the second count. In this manner the free ring, which is of a very simple construction, makes it necessary for three distinct counts to be used in opening the combination, namely the first and last on the ratchet wheel 6 and the middle count on the teeth 27 of the barrel ratchet.

In the drawings, and in particular Fig. 3, the arrangement of the several parts is shown with the combii'mtion set at 431. To accomplish this the ring '15 is set with the notch thereof opposite the fifth tooth of the ratchet wheel 6, which makes the total of both the first count of L and the last count of one in the combination. The free ring 19 is then placed over the ring 15, and the ratchet barrel 22 inserted through the openings in said rings. The ratchet barrel 22 is now turned until the pawl 10 of the ratchet wheel 6 passes over the third teeth 25 of the ratchet' barrel, indicating the sec ond. count of the combination. The front disk is now placed on the face of the ratchet barrel 22, so that the notch of said front disk registers with the notch in the ring 15, that is, is in longitudinal alincinent with said notch. may then be,

The free ring .turncd untll the notch IS in longitudinal tact'with thepin -33 of &

po'sit icni with the hub thereof extending ratchet b'a-l r'el',

through the orifice 23 of the and' the lug 38*p rojecting' onone side of thearm 32 of the Washer 31.

In opening th'e lo'ck, it will 0f course be understood, reference to *ig. 2, that the squa'rehandle bar connected to theo'utside handleof the door extends throughth'e square orifice '36 of the canrdisk'34c; wherebyin =turning the handle in either dilectionthe cam disk-will be rotated until the lug 38 contacts with the arm 32- of the washer 31 on one'side-or'the other. Furthermore, it'must b'e' understood that when the handle is turned to rotatethe cam disk in the direction' of'the arrow in dicated in Fig. 3, the lug '38 of the cam disk will contact with the arm 32-on the side opposite to that shown in the drawing,'and' rotate the frontdisk-witlf the ratchet barrel, with one of theuntil the pawl 10 engages teeth 25 of said 1 ratchet barrel, and immediately upon thisoccurringthe ratchet wheel 6 is rotated with the ratchet barrel in the direction of the arrow, and also the free ring providing the lug'2l comes into coirthe opposite directhe handle is turned in 6 wi'll'be held by tion, the ratchet wheel the pawl 63 engaging with one of the teeth 8, and the ratchet barrel 22 must then turn inside the ratchet wheel 6, the teeth 25 of theratchet barrel 22 readily passing in this direction under the pawl 10. The ratchet barrel when turned in a reverse direction to the arrow, of course,

with it, and as above mentioned the pin 33 may engage with the lug 21 of the free'ring,

and carry it with the ratchet barrel.

In Fig. 3, the parts are shown in the position assumed at the end of the second operation in opening I a lock, the dog lever 59 being shown in dotted lines engaging the fourth tooth of the ratchet wheel 6.

In describing the operation of the several parts to open the lock, it must be understood that the several disks are likely to have been turned to any chance position by the person turning the handle to upset the combination, and leave the parts in locked posi tion.

The first'step in opening the lock is to turn the handle to rotate the cam disk 3 in the direction of the arrow, whereby the ratchet wheel 6, which will becarried there as shown and described with the arm- 32. When carries the front disk with -as-ab'ove explained, is tu'rn ed until the first four teeth have passed iiic'lei' the-pawl 63. This position is readilyknown by counting the'firsttt'our clicks of th'e pawl 63 after it has passed -0 ver the plain circumferential portion ofthe ratcl'1'et= wheel 6; After the ratchet W'lI GGl 6 has been turned to" the fourth tooth the "handle is turned in the reverse direction' of the arrow, -turning'with it the camdrsk 34 which" engages" the arm 32-,-

ther'ebyj turning :the front= disk ratchet barrel and free ring until the third tooth oat-the ratchet-barrel is heard-to pass" the pawllO, which is thef'second count of i the combination, and brings the several parts to the po sition shown in Fig. 3. In the third step, the 'handle'- is turned again in the direction ofthe arrow; until one additional tooth of the ratchet wheel 6 passes under the pawl 63", -conipleting'the"last count of the combination, and "bringing-the notches of the ring 15 and-'front disk 26 into registration with' the notch' in the free rin' time-under the stepped end of the dog lever. Thej combination-is nowarranged forthe lock 'to'be opened," and the han'dleis turned in the reverse direction to the arrow-until the notch 370i the cam disk comes under the stepped end ofthedog-levei, which allows the dog lever to drop into the registering'notch'es of the rings-15- and 19 in the front disk-26, and co-incidentlythe notch 37bit the cam disk, which notch will catch the stepped end of the dog the same to draw the boltbar of the lock,

111 Fig. 1

Inagai'n placing the parts in locked position, the handle is of the arrow, thecam disk 34 will raise the dog leverclear of the notches, and eventually'tu'rn the ratchet wheel Guntil thenotch of the ring -l5 is moved out of register, which of course is quite suiiicientto upset the entire combination", and require the several steps of" operation as above described to again open the lock.

The lock as hereinbefore describefhis very simple to manufacture, being for the most part made-of stamped pieces, and very "readilyassembled and duringtheoperation of opening the look, there is'no indication of the registration of the several notches -of the disk until they areall in proper registering position for the stepped end of the dog lever to-drop thereinto. For this reason it is practically an endless task for a-person who does not know thecombination, to work the lock open.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. In a device of the'cla-ss described, the combinationwith slidably arranged therein, of a ratchet wheel, a pawl pi'votally supported within said casg-',' and at the same lever and moveturned in *thedirection a casing and a bolt bar ing engaging with said ratchet wheel, a ratchet barrel, a pawl carried by said ratchet wheel and engaging with the ratchet of said ratchet barrel, a handle operatively connected with one of said ratchets, and a dog lever operatively connected to said bolt bar said ratchet members co-acting one with the other and with said dog lever for operating said bolt bar.

2. in a device of the class described, the combination with a casing and a bolt bar slidably arranged therein, of a ratchet wheel having teeth formed on the periphery thereof, a ratchet barrel having teeth formed on the periphery thereof and facing in the opposite direction to the teeth of the said ratchet wheel, a pawl carried by said ratchet wheel and engaging the teeth of said ratchet barrel, a cam disk having a tooth-shaped notch formed in the peripheral edge thereof and opcratively engaging with said ratchet barrel, a handle operatively connected to said cam disk, a dog lever operatively connected to said bolt bar, a pawl carried by said dog lever and engaging with the teeth of said ratchet wheel and means carried by said ratchet wheel and said ratchet barrel and registering one with the other to place said dog lever in operative engagement with said cam disk.

3. In a device of the class described, the combination with a casing and a bolt bar slidably arranged therein, of a ratchet wheel having teeth formed on the peripheral edge thereof, an adjustable ring having a notch in the periphery thereof and adjustably secured on the face of said ratchet wheel. a ratchet barrel having teeth formed on the edge periphery thereof, a pawl carried by said ratchet wheel and engaging with the teeth of said ratchet barrel, a front disk having a notch in the peripheral edge thereof and adj ustablv secured to said ratchet barrel, a cam disk having a tooth-shaped notch formed on the peripheral edge thereof and operat-ively engaging on rotation with said front disk, a handle operatively connected to said cam disk, a dog lever operatively connected to said bolt bar and having a stepped end adapted to engage with the notches in said adjustable ring, said front disk and said cam disk and a pawl carried by said dog lever and engaging with the teeth of said ratchet wheel.

4. In a device of the class described, the combination with a casing and a bolt bar slidably arranged therein. of a ratchet wheel having teeth formed on the peripheral edge thereof, an adjustable ring having a notch in the periphery thereof and adjustablv secured on the face of said outer ratchet wheel, a ratchet barrel having teeth formed, on the edge periphery thereof, a pawl carried by said ratchet wheel and engaging with the teeth of said ratchet barrel, a front disk having a notch in the peripheral edge thereof and adjustably secured to said ratchet barrel, a cam disk having a tooth-shaped notch formed on the peripheral edge thereof and operatively engaging on rotation with said front disk, a notched free ring rotatably mounted on said. ratchet barrel between said adjustable ring and said front disk and operativcly connected to said cam disk, a handle operatively connected to said cam disk, a dog lever opcratively connected to said bolt bar and having a stepped end adapted to engage with the notches in said adjustable ring, said front disk, said free ring and said cam disk and a pawl carried by said dog lover and engaging with the teeth of said ratchet wheel.

5. In a device of the class described, a 'atchet barrel having ratchet teeth formed on an arc of the periphery thereof, a ratchet wheel having ratchet teeth formed on an arc of the. outer periphery thereof, a springhcld dog secured to said ratchet wheel and projecting from the inner periphery thereof and engaging with the teeth of said ratchet barrel, a notched ring mounted on said barrel and adjustably secured to said ratchet wheel and having a notch in the periphery,

thereof, a front. disk adjustably secured to the face of said ratchet barrel. and having a notch in the periphery thereof and a row of orifices circularlv arranged therearound, a handle opcratively connected to said disk for rotating the same, a free ring rotatably mounted on said ratchet barrel between said adjustable ring and said front disk and having a notch in the periphery thereof, a lug extending outwardly therefrom and a washer having an arm extending therefrom and terminating in a pin adapted to be inserted through an orifice in said front disk, and contacting on the rotation thereof with the lug of said free ring.

6. In a device of the class described, the combination with the casing. of a bolt bar slidably arranged therein. a handle bar extending through said casing, a roll-back operativelv connecting said handle bar with said bolt bar, a plurality of notched members operatively connected to said handle bar. a plurality of co'ciperat-ive ratchet members adjustably connected to said notched members, a dog lover having a limited slidin movement on said bolt bar and operatively engaging with the notches of said notched members and a pawl carried by said dog lever and operatively engaging with the teeth of one of said ratchet members.

7. Tn a device of the class described, the combination with the casing having a bolt bar slidably arranged therein, a plurality of rotatable toothed ratchet members and a plurality of rotatable notched members suitably journaled therein, of a doglever hav- Signed at the city of Ottawa, Canada, ing one end thereof slidably secured to said this 28th day of April, 1911. bolt bar and the other end thereof formed with steps adapted to engage the notches of JOHN STORE said. notched members and a spring-held it-messes: pawl carried by said dog lever and engaging K. F, MAoGIBBoN, the teeth of one of said ratchet members. CHARLIE EOKSTEN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patente;

Washington, D. C.

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