US1082969A - Firearm. - Google Patents

Description

C. A. NELSON.

FIREARM.

APPLIOATION FILED 001215, 1912.

Patented Dec. 30, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

WITNESSES MA A 5 a M O. A. NELON. FIREARM. APPLICATION FILED 001. 15, 1-912 1,082,969. Patented Dec. 30, 1913.

2 SEBETSSHEBT 2.

WITNESSES 'iNl/EIITOR,

- onaatns A. NELSON, or uricannw YORK, nssrenon '10 SAVAGE ARMS COMPANY,

or UTICA, nnw roan, a CORPORATION or NEW YORK.

' 7 Manama.

a lication filed October 15, 1912. Serial no. 725,948.

To all whom it conccrn:

Be it known that l", Cnantns A. NELSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Utica, in the county of Oneida and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Firearms, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has for one of its objects to provide a simple and reliable safety locking means for firearms, this object having been carried out in the specific form of the invention herein shown and described with reference to the firing mechanism, the sear therefor and the sear-tripping or releasing mechanism of an arm of the kind illustrated, for instance, in the patent to Searle, No. 936369, wherein is employed a device for locking the breech-bolt and the firing mechanism, which device I utilize as a detent in obstructing the firing movement of the firing. mechanism, the'relcasing movement of the scar and the scaractuating movement of the sear-tripping mechanism.

Another object of the invention is to provide a simple and reliable means for detecting the presence or absence of a the breech ofth-e arm.

Still another object of the invention is to improve an arm of the kind illustrated in the said Scarle patent in respect to the disassembling thereof.

in the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view of the improved arm mainly in longitudinal vertical section; Fig. 2 .is a rear elevation, partly in vertical section through the detent, a'li parts of the breech mechanism being removed excepting the firing-lever; Fig. 3 1s a plan vlew of the improved'locking device; Fig. fis a plan view of the forward portion. of the arm, with the breech partly broken away to show the improved cartridge detector; Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the breech end of the barrel with said detector in position; Figs. 6 and 7 are side and rear and views of the detector; Fig. 8 is a side elevation of the forward portion of the arm partly broken away to illustrate that part of the present invention relating to the disassembling of gun; and, Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional view on the line rc-nr of Fig. 8.

The frame at having the grip b; the barrel c interlocked with the frame at its enlarged rear portion (Z; the breech-bolt 6 having the removable plug f forming there- Specification of Letters a'tehii;

cartridge in spindle), and the cartridge magazine a PatentedDec. 3t), 1313.

with a breech structure which slides rear Wardly on the frame under actuation pf the explosion-pressure and is returned by the spring g; the firing mechanism arranged in the plug f and including the cocking-lever It, a firing pin (not shown) connected therewith and a scar z for locking the firing-pin and lever ii in cocked position; the scar-releasing or tripping means including the trigger j arranged to slide back and forth in the frame and the sear-trip is pivoted at its forward. end in the trigger and having means Z coacting with a. shoulder m on the frame to lock the sear trip down out of the path of the sear so as to prevent double firing when, after firing,the sear is carried forward with the breech structure; the lockmg device or detent consisting of a spindle n journaled in the frame and having a handle 0 and being adapted, when turned 90 from the position shown in Fig. 1, both to leave the breech mechanism free to move longitudinally and the cocking-lever it free to move against the firing-pin (because at that time a lug p of the cockingdever coincides with a cross-cut slot 9 of the spindle a) and being further adapted, when turned into'the position shown in Fig. l, to be received by one or the other of the notches r in the breech bolt, to lock the breech mechanism against longitudinal movement and to oppose firing movement of the cocking-lever (because its slot 1 is not in registry with the lug. p which then impinges against the entered into the grip from below, are or be all substantially the same as in the said patent to Searle excepting as will be hereinafter indicated.

Safety Zoo/sing mean.s*.-On apin t fixed in the lower rear portion of the grip is ful- ,crumed a lever forming the improved locking device. This lever u is suitably shaped from a piece of sheet .metal and includes the part-cylindrical or channeled elongated body part 1) having two lugs '50 projecting from its'opposite walls at one end thereof and also having arms projecting from its other end and formed as follows: From the wall or'side of said body partto-Ward the observer in Fig. 3 project three arms m, y and 2 from the other wall or side projects thearin 2. The arms o ynnd z are arranged in substantially the same plane, and arm 2 is arranged in aplane parallel therewith, being: sufficiently spaced therefrom to freely admit the magazine The lugs m having suitable holes for the purpose, afford means by which to fulcrum the lever it on the pin t, which lever is so formed that when properly assembled'with the grip of the arm with its convex side facing rearwardly, its body part '0 is exposed by a rearward openint: 8 in the grip. Norn'zally the lever is pressed rearwarrlly, abutting against the frame at the upper end of said opening 8, by a spring 3 which is coiled about the pin 3 and has one end bearing against the inside of the body art 1; of the lever and its other end engaged in a notch 4; in the grip. In this position of the lever its arm a; abuts :1 lug 5 projecting rearwardly from the t r igger while its arm. y abuts the depending portion of the sear i whose fulcrum is at about the point 6; the cocking-lever is shown the cocked position in Fig. 1, and in that position the arm abuts the heel 7 at the for lard end of the cocking-lever. Thus, with the lever 'a locked in the position shown in Fig. 1, it opposes such movement of the trigger, the scar and the cocking-lever would accomplish firing; with. the lever 71. free to more, upon the gun being held by its grip, the hand of the operator, in theelfort to draw back the trigger, will. move the lever is on its fulcrum so as to cause the same to clear the pa rts j, 2' and h, allowing them to move to effect firing, the grip-forming ele ments being so constructed and arranged as to lend themselves naturally to the quick and effective discharge of the gun by gripping and operating it in the usual Way.

flocking of the lever u in the position shown in Fig. 1'is accomplished by the coaction of spindle n of the detent and arm a when the dotcnt is in the position wherein it is shown in Fig. l, at which time said arm bears against the spindle, as shown; when Spindle is turned so as to bring a recess 1-? therein into registry with arm 2 the lever 20 is free to move. The extremity of arm z concave to fit the cylindrical surface or the spindle so as to obtain a suflicicnt purchase upon the arm when the latter is in'the locking position to prevent the forward movement of the lever. It will thus be apparent that neither by carelessness in handling nor as the effect of blows or jars, can any of the parts 7', [or is assume movement which will result in firing the gun.

Cartridge detecting means- IM enlarged part 13 of the barrel has an exterior circumferential groove 9 formed at its forward end, and extending from said groove to an opening 10 entering to the bore of the barrel at the rear thereof exterior groove 11. The detector consists of an elastic metallic piece formed of sheet metal and including a split strap 12 and a finger 13 projecting from one side of said strap and having its free end reboot inwardly to form a toe L1. The detector is fitted to the barrel so that the parts 12 and 13 lie in the grooves 9 and 11, the toe l4 projecting through the opening 10 into the space occupied by the cartridge A in the breech of the barrel. In the normal position of the parts the finger 13 is opposite the ejection opening 15 of the breech bolt. If a cartridge is in place in the breech its presence may be detected by the forefinger of the operators hand, which will zit-that time find the detector 13 held more or less outwardly in the openin 15 by the cartridge; absence of a cartric go in the breech will appear if the operators forefinger finds the finger 13 depressed into its groove 1". It will be noted that the free end of the detector lies short of the rear end of the barrel, so that it does not interfere with the ejection of the cartridge.

S6GT'Z7Z ZL -It has been found that in disassembling a gun. of the Searle type (involving removing the plug f and then sliding the breech-bolt forwardly to clear it of the frame) the sear-trip occasionally rises high enough to engage the forward side of the adjoining projection 16 forming one of a pair of projections which coact with projections on the plug to hold the latter in place, so that the actuator blocks the disassembling movement of the breech-bolt; this undue rising of the sear-tri which is supposed to be prevented by tihe overhanging barrel, occurs through lost motion due mainly to wear of the parts. 1'. therefore cut away the lower forward corner of the said projection 16 preferably so as to form a rearward incline or cam face 17 whereby, when the breech bolt is moved forward in disassembling, "the sear-trip will be wiped down instead of opposing possible obstruction to the removal of the breech-bolt.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent .is:--

1. In combination with the frame, mechanism to be controlled arranged therein, a manually moved lever controlling said mechanism and ifulcrumed in the frame on a. horizontal axisir: and a locking device rotatable in the frame also on a. horizontal axis and nornlally opposing movement of the lever, said device having a cut-away por tion at one side of its axis affording clear ance between said device and the lever when the device is turned, substantially as de-- scribed.

3. In combination with thebarrel of a gun, a cartridge detector having a strap por lion embracing the barrel and an outwardly yielding )ring; linger extending from thist up portion longitudinally of the bar l and normally projecting into the space copied by acartridge entered rinto tl rel, said linger and strap portions of tector being recessed into barrel, substantially as described. A

3. In combination, with-"the barrel of a gun having an external circumferential groove and an external longitudinal groove leading rearwardly from'the first figroove, a cartri e detector having a strag tted into the first groove and an outwar 1y lyielding s ring finger extending rearward y from t e strap and fitted into the second groove and normally projecting into the space oc-' culpied by a cartridge entered into the barre substantially as described. j

4. In a gun the combination of the frame, a breech mec anism arranged thereon and including a forwardly removable bolt slidingly arranged on the frame and a breechplug the breech-bolt having an internal shoulder interlocking the breech-plug with the hreech-bolt and extending downwardly to the frame, firing means carried by the breech mechanism, and'means for releasing the firing means including a normall elevated depressible sear-trip having t rustmovement in the frame substantially parallel with the breech bolt and projecting toward said shoulder, said shoulder having its forward lower portion inclined rearwardly whereby to depress the sear-trip on removin movement of'the breech-bolt, substantia 1y as described.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES A. NELSON.

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