US756039A - Breech-loading firearm. - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES Patented March 29, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

TO J. STEVENS ARMS Sz: TOOL COMPANY, OF

SAOHUSETTS, A CORPORATION.

CHICOPEE FALLS, MAS- BREECH-LOADING FIREARNI.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 756,039, dated March 29, 1904. Application filed January 14, 1903. Serial No. 139,046. (No model.)

To all whom t may con/cern,.- Y

Be it known that I, OSCAR F.v MOSSBERG, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Chicopee Falls, in the county of Hampden and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Breech-Loading Firearms, of which the following iS a specification.

This invention relates to firearms, and has special reference to the construction lof a breech loading firearm of the breakdown type, the object of the invention being to produce a gun in which the operation of the trigger will effect in successive movements the release of the mechanism whereby the gun is fired and the operation of a locking mechanism by which the barrel is locked in firing position in the frame, the construction and arrangement of the parts being such that the operation of the barrel-locking mechanism' is rendered impossible at the moment of firing, and the operation of the firing mechanism is likewise rendered impossible when the trigger is adapted to. release the locking mechanism.

In the drawings forming part of this application, Figure 1 is a sectional view of the frame of the firearm, showing. the position of the parts when the locking mechanism is operated to permit the breaking down of the barrel, the plane of the section being lengthwise of the arm. Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the position of the parts just prior to the operation of the locking mechanism to open the-gun. Fig. 3 shows the position of the parts when the gun is cocked, this figure also being shown in longitudinal section. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the locking-bolt.

Referring now to the drawings, the frame of the firearm is indicated by c. the barrel by b, which is hung pivotally in the frame on a pin o, the breech tipping up to permit reloading. The under side of the breech end of the barrel is provided with a rib d, in the rear end of which is cut a notch, with which a spring-actuated locking-bolt e engages to secure the barrel 'in the frame in firing position.

This bolt e is shown in Fig. 4. in perspective and is located in the recoil-plate and is forwardly spring-pressed in a direction "parallelV with the axis of the barrel by a coiled spring f, located in a hole bored in the bolt, bearing against the latter and against a pin g, located in the recoil-plate transversely ofsaid bolt, the latter being slotted, as shown, to receive said pin, which thus serves also to prevent the bolt from turning'. The under side of the bolt is Slabbed off, as at h, Fig.- 4., whereby a suitable shoulder is provided for the engagement of ythe bolt-retracting hook c', pivotally secured near the forward edge'of the trigger j. The rear end of this hook has formed thereon a rearwardly projecting linger k.

The trigger j and the hammer m are both hung on the pin n.

0 indicates the Sear, and p t ger-spring combined.

The mainspring q is a spiral spring mounted upon a post r, havinga Shoe s on the 4end thereof next to the hammer. The bearing erid of said shoe is forked, the ends of the fork bearing on the hammer respectively above and below the axis thereof. The opposite end of the post r enters a socketin the piece t, in which it may play freely. Said piece is beveled at its rear edge transversely ofthe frame, and a groove is cut in the latter for said beveled edge, to the end that the post rmayrock on said edge in its vertical movements imparted thereto by the hammer. f

It will be observed by referring to Figs. 2 and 3 that when the hammer is half-cocked, as in Fig. 2, both of the lingers on the shoe s come to a bearing on the hammer to hold it in this position, and when the hammer is at full-cock only the finger on the upper end of. the shoe bears onv the hammer. As the hammer falls and it comes in contact with the firing-pin u it will throw by the half-cocked position and coming in contact with the lower finger of the shoe move it rearwardly and compress the mainspring more or less, whereby it will be immediately rebounded to half-cock position.

It will be observed that the sear 0 has a short upwardly-trending finger o thereon and e Sear and trigbelow this a short forwardly-projecting finger full-cock notch is located, as usual, back of.

this. The hook'c', which operates the locking'- bolt, is held in position to engage the latter by the provision of a bearing at m on the frame for the forward end thereof. The sear 0 swings in a vertical plane on the pin y, the trigger-spring being secured beneath it by a screw or rivet z, located back of the pivotal point y. yThe spring, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, follows the contour of the sear to a point somewhat forward of the pivotal point of the latter, thereby pressing the forwardend of the sear against the under side of the hammer. The essential point to be observed to arrive at a clear understanding of the operation of the trigger, whereby its function is to operate the firing mechanism on one rearward movement and then to withdraw the locking-bolt on the next succeeding movement to permit parts assuming the position shown in Fig. 3.

This will bring the finger c in position to be drawn up onto the end of the sear by the rearward movement'of the trigger, and as the forward end of the hook c' cannot be swung downward the sear will yield"and will be drawn out of the full-cock notch in the hammer, permitting the latter to fall. 'Io permit this iiring movement of the trigger, a space 2 is left between the hook z' and the shoulder on the bolt e, with which it engages in operating said hook. Thus immediately after firing the hammer will be left in rebounded position, as shown in Fig. l, the trigger being drawn back only as far as it is permitted to move, which distance is determined by the depth of the V- shaped notch in the end of `the sear in which the finger lo comes to a bearing, and this notch is so proportioned as to permit the finger o to just clear the bottom of the hammer. If-now the trigger be released, the spring p, bearing on the rear end thereof, will swing the latter forward, and as the parts approach From theforegoing description it is clear that the trigger of the arm is adapted to perform not only its usual function, but the further function of the usual locking-lever, connected with a suitable locking mechanism and located in a position to be conveniently operated by the thumb or finger, but requiring a separate operation.

No extractor has been shown applied to the rearm; but any of the usual types may be used, as desired..

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

l. In a breakdown gun, a hammer, a trigger and a locking-bolt for the barrel, and suitable connections between the trigger and the hammer and the trigger and the bolt, whereby when the hammer is .inoperative the trigger, may operate the bolt.

2. The combination in abreech-loading firearm, of a' trigger, a breech-locking mechanism and a hammer, and suitable connections'be-- tween the trigger and the hammer and the trigger and the breech -locking mechanism whereby successive movements of the trigger may release the hammer and operate the locking mechanism.

Y 3. In a ybreakdown gun, a firing mechanism including a trigger, a locking-bolt to secure the barrel in iiring position, and suitable connections between the trigger and lockingbolt to operate the latter by the movement of the trigger, together with means operated by the hammer, whereby when the latter is raised, the bolt-operating devices are rendered inoperative.

4:. In a firearm of the breakdown type, a hammer, a trigger, and a lockingbolt for the barrel; a sear to engage the hammer to hold it in cocked position, a hook actuated by the trigger to engage the locking-bolt to retract if, and means to effect thetripping of the sear by the movement of said hook, without imparting movement to the locking-bolt.

5. In a firearm of the breakdown type, a hammer, .a trigger, and a locking-bolt con nected to the trigger to secure the barrel in firing position; a sear to engage the hammer to hold it in cocked position, and means operated by the hammer during its cooking movement to move said sear int`o the path of movement of said locking-bolt, whereby the initial movement of the latter will trip the sear, said hook being movable more or less without engaging the bolt.

6. In a firearm, a hammer, a mainspring for IOO IIO

ISO

- the latter consisting of a coiled spring, a post the plane of the movement of the hammer, elllloil'oled by the lastell;5 a shoe()J 01% olrlle end of said shoe having a bearing on the hammer. t e post against W io one en o t e spring f bears, a socketed piece in which the other end QSCJAR MOSSBERG 5 of the post slides, and on which the other end Witnesses:

of the spring bears, said socketed piece hav- WM. H. CHAPIN, ing a beveled edge on which it may swing in K. I. CLEMoNs.

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