US10755875B2 - Electronic switch mechanism - Google Patents

Electronic switch mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
US10755875B2
US10755875B2 US16/089,491 US201616089491A US10755875B2 US 10755875 B2 US10755875 B2 US 10755875B2 US 201616089491 A US201616089491 A US 201616089491A US 10755875 B2 US10755875 B2 US 10755875B2
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Prior art keywords
tab
housing
switch
switch mechanism
instrument
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Active
Application number
US16/089,491
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English (en)
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US20190115168A1 (en
Inventor
Ming J. Cheng
David C. Church
Joseph Green
Moussa Sane
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gyrus Amci Inc D/b/a/ Olympus Surgical Technologies America
Gyrus ACMI Inc
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Gyrus ACMI Inc
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Assigned to GYRUS AMCI, INC., D/B/A/ OLYMPUS SURGICAL TECHNOLOGIES AMERICA reassignment GYRUS AMCI, INC., D/B/A/ OLYMPUS SURGICAL TECHNOLOGIES AMERICA ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CHENG, MING J.
Assigned to GYRUS AMCI, INC., D/B/A/ OLYMPUS SURGICAL TECHNOLOGIES AMERICA reassignment GYRUS AMCI, INC., D/B/A/ OLYMPUS SURGICAL TECHNOLOGIES AMERICA ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CHURCH, DAVID C
Assigned to GYRUS ACMI, INC. D.B.A. OLYMPUS SURGICAL TECHNOLOGIES AMERICA reassignment GYRUS ACMI, INC. D.B.A. OLYMPUS SURGICAL TECHNOLOGIES AMERICA ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GREEN, JOSEPH, SANE, MOUSSA
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
    • H01H13/02—Details
    • H01H13/12—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H01H13/14—Operating parts, e.g. push-button
    • H01H13/18—Operating parts, e.g. push-button adapted for actuation at a limit or other predetermined position in the path of a body, the relative movement of switch and body being primarily for a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. door switch, limit switch, floor-levelling switch of a lift
    • H01H13/186—Operating parts, e.g. push-button adapted for actuation at a limit or other predetermined position in the path of a body, the relative movement of switch and body being primarily for a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. door switch, limit switch, floor-levelling switch of a lift wherein the pushbutton is rectilinearly actuated by a lever pivoting on the housing of the switch
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H21/00—Switches operated by an operating part in the form of a pivotable member acted upon directly by a solid body, e.g. by a hand
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H21/00—Switches operated by an operating part in the form of a pivotable member acted upon directly by a solid body, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H21/02—Details
    • H01H21/04—Cases; Covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers
    • H01H9/06—Casing of switch constituted by a handle serving a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. by the handle of a vacuum cleaner
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00367—Details of actuation of instruments, e.g. relations between pushing buttons, or the like, and activation of the tool, working tip, or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/0042—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets with special provisions for gripping
    • A61B2017/00446—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets with special provisions for gripping for use only by lefthanded or only by righthanded persons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00053—Mechanical features of the instrument of device
    • A61B2018/00172—Connectors and adapters therefor
    • A61B2018/00178—Electrical connectors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/0091—Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device
    • A61B2018/00916—Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device with means for switching or controlling the main function of the instrument or device
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/0091—Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device
    • A61B2018/00916—Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device with means for switching or controlling the main function of the instrument or device
    • A61B2018/0094—Types of switches or controllers
    • A61B2018/00952—Types of switches or controllers rotatable
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2221/00—Actuators
    • H01H2221/008—Actuators other then push button
    • H01H2221/016—Lever; Rocker
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
    • H01H2300/014—Application surgical instrument

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to an electronic switch mechanism. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to an electronic switch mechanism for an electrosurgical instrument.
  • Typical switches for electrosurgical instruments, as well as other non-medical devices include one or more tactile push buttons to activate the instrument.
  • certain instruments employ one button for a left-handed operator and a second button for a right-handed operator.
  • the literature that can pertain to this technology include, for example, the following patent documents and published patent applications: U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,618,754; 5,376,765; 6,303,887; 6,880,989; 6,911,608; 6,998,554; and U.S. Patent Publication No. 2013/0140164, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes.
  • an instrument it would be desirable for an instrument to include a switch mechanism that accommodates ambidextrous operation of the instrument.
  • the present disclosure provides an electronic switch mechanism.
  • the switch mechanism is associated with an electrosurgical instrument.
  • the switch mechanism has two or more buttons or tabs to enable a medical practitioner to actuate the instrument. More specifically, the two or more buttons or tabs are configured to allow the medical practitioner to operate the instrument with either hand. That is, the medical practitioner can use his/her fingers or thumbs from either hand to provide ambidextrous operation of the instrument.
  • a switch mechanism includes a housing with a fenestration, a switch element held in the housing, and a first tab and a second tab each being pivotally attached to an opposite lateral edge of the fenestration.
  • the tabs are constrained to rotational movement relative to the housing so that contact with the first tab or the second tab causes the respective tab to rotate to actuate the switch element.
  • This aspect of the present invention can be further characterized by one or any combination of the features described herein, such as: a membrane positioned over the tabs to seal the fenestration; the housing has a centerline and the switch element is on the centerline; the first tab and the second tab extend towards the centerline without reaching each other; the first tab and the second tab are spaced apart equally from the centerline; at least one tab has a contact region over an arc span of about 30°; a rigid rocker pivotally constrained on the housing at a pivot point located between the first tab and the second tab; and the switch element is a dome switch so that contact with either the first tab or the second tab causes the respective tab to contact the rigid rocker which in turn contacts and actuates the dome switch.
  • a switch mechanism includes a housing with a fenestration, a switch element held in the housing, the switch element being a dome switch, a first tab and a second tab, each being pivotally attached to an opposite lateral edge of the fenestration, and a rigid rocker pivotally constrained on the housing at a pivot point located between the first tab and the second tab.
  • the tabs are constrained to rotational movement relative to the housing so that contact with the first tab or the second tab causes the respective tab to rotate and contact the rigid rocker which in turn contacts and actuates the dome switch.
  • the foregoing aspect of the present invention can be further characterized by one or any combination of the features described herein, such as: at least one membrane positioned over the tabs to seal the fenestration; the housing has a centerline and the switch element is on the centerline; and the first tab and the second tab extend towards the centerline without reaching each other.
  • a switch mechanism includes a housing, a first switch element held in the housing, a second switch element held in the housing, a third switch element held in the housing, and a circuit board that electrically communicates with the first, second, and third switch elements. Contact with the first, second or third switch element actuates the respective switch element so that an electrical signal is transmitted from the switch element to the circuit board.
  • the switch elements are membrane switch elements; each membrane switch element includes a flexible membrane; the flexible membranes are insert molded; the housing includes a first fenestration, a second fenestration and a third fenestration, each of the first, second and third switch elements being positioned in a respective fenestration; the housing has a longitudinal axis and the first, second and third switch elements are positioned about the longitudinal axis; and the first, second and third switch elements are spaced at 3 O'clock, 6 O'clock and 9 O'clock about the longitudinal axis.
  • FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a switch mechanism in accordance with the principles of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1B is an interior view of the switch mechanism shown in FIG. 1A ;
  • FIG. 2A is a perspective view of an alternative switch mechanism in accordance with the principles of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2B is an interior view of the switch mechanism shown in FIG. 2A ;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of another alternative switch mechanism in accordance with the principles of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4A is a side view of yet another alternative switch mechanism in accordance with the principles of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4B cross-section view of the switch mechanism shown in FIG. 4A ;
  • FIG. 4C is a perspective view of a circuit board for the switch mechanism shown in FIG. 4A ;
  • FIG. 4D is a perspective view of a housing for the switch mechanism shown in FIG. 4A .
  • the electrosurgical instrument includes an electronic switch mechanism 12 attached to a handle 11 .
  • the switch mechanism 12 and the handle 11 can be separate units or a single integral unit.
  • the electronic switch mechanism 12 includes an upper housing 14 and a lower housing 16 .
  • the upper housing 14 includes a pair of openings or fenestrations 30 that holds a first tab 18 and a second tab 20 .
  • the upper housing 14 and the lower housing 16 further includes a switch 22 supported on an internal structure, such as the interior platform 23 , at the centerline, CL, of the switch mechanism 12 , and each tab 18 and 20 is pivotally attached at a lateral most edge 28 of respective fenestrations 30 . Accordingly, each tab 18 and 20 is constrained to rotational movement about the edge 28 relative to the upper housing 14 and the lower housing 16 .
  • a medial portion of the respective tab contacts and presses against the button 24 , which, in turn, actuates the switch 22 .
  • the switch 22 in certain arrangements controls the activation of an energy source.
  • the switch mechanism 12 is associated with an electrosurgical instrument with bipolar electrodes
  • the switch mechanism may control the operation of a radiofrequency (RF) energy source electrically connected to the instrument.
  • RF radiofrequency
  • the switch mechanism 12 when a medical profession presses either tab 18 or 20 to actuate the switch mechanism 12 , electrical energy is delivered to the electrodes to treat, for example, tissue of a patient.
  • the associated instrument can be forceps that coagulate or cut the tissue.
  • the instrument can be a monopolar instrument that only requires one electrode that interacts with a neutral electrode, which is likewise connected to the body of a patient.
  • the instrument can be a bipolar electrosurgical instrument with two electrodes (a distal electrode and a proximal electrode). A RF voltage with different potentials is applied to such bipolar instruments so that a current passes from one electrode to the other electrode through the tissue, thereby heating the tissue to coagulate or cut the tissue.
  • the tabs 18 and 20 are arranged to enable a medical practitioner to press the tabs over an arc span of about 30° from the center line, CL. Accordingly, if a force is applied to either tab 18 or 20 over this 30° arc span, for example, with a finger or a thumb from either hand of the medical practitioner, the resulting displacement of the tab 18 or 20 is translated into rotational motion about the edge 28 , which, in turn, produces translation motion of the button 24 to actuate the switch 22 . Actuation of the switch 22 delivers an electrical signal form the switch mechanism 12 to operate the instrument associated with the switch mechanism 12 . In other arrangements, the arc span can be greater or less than 30°.
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B there is shown a portion of an alternative electrosurgical instrument 100 in accordance with the principles of the present invention.
  • the electrosurgical instrument includes an electronic switch mechanism 112 attached to a handle 111 .
  • the switch mechanism 112 and the handle 111 can be separate units or a single integral unit.
  • the electronic switch mechanism 112 includes an upper housing 114 and a lower housing 116 .
  • the upper housing 114 includes a pair of openings or fenestrations 130 that holds a first tab 118 and a second tab 120 .
  • the first tab 118 and the second tab 120 are attached to a rigid rib member or rocker 126 , and the rocker 126 is attached to the upper housing 114 on a rod 128 so that the rocker 126 pivots about the rod 128 .
  • the switch mechanism 112 further includes a switch 122 supported on an internal structure, such as the interior platform 123 , at the centerline, CL, of the switch mechanism 112 .
  • the first tab 118 , the second tab 120 , and the rocker 126 are a single integral unit.
  • the switch 122 can be a membrane switch or a dome switch as shown in FIG. 2B .
  • the rocker 126 pivots about the pivot point 128 as indicated by the arrows 130 .
  • the pivoting motion of the rocker 126 results in a projection 127 A or 127 B of the rocker 126 contacting the dome switch 122 , which, in turn, actuates the switch 122 .
  • the rocker 126 pivots counterclockwise so that the projection 127 A contacts and actuates the switch 122 .
  • the rocker 126 pivots clockwise so that the projection 127 B contacts and actuates the switch 122 .
  • the switch 122 can control the activation of an energy source.
  • the switch mechanism 112 is associated with an electrosurgical instrument with bipolar electrodes
  • the switch mechanism may control the operation of a radiofrequency (RF) energy source electrically connected to the instrument.
  • RF radiofrequency
  • the switch mechanism 112 when a medical profession actuates the switch mechanism 112 , electrical energy is delivered to the electrodes to treat, for example, tissue of a patient.
  • the associated instrument can be forceps that coagulate or cut the tissue.
  • the instrument can be a monopolar instrument that only requires one electrode that interacts with a neutral electrode, which is likewise connected to the body of a patient.
  • the instrument can be a bipolar electrosurgical instrument with two electrodes (a distal electrode and a proximal electrode). A RF voltage with different potentials is applied to such bipolar instruments so that a current passes from one electrode to the other electrode through the tissue, thereby heating the tissue to coagulate or cut the tissue.
  • the tabs 118 and 120 are arranged to enable a medical practitioner to press the tabs over an arc span of about 30°, as shown in FIG. 2B . Accordingly, if a force is applied to either tab 118 or 120 over this 30° arc span, for example, with a finger or a thumb from either hand of the medical practitioner, the resulting displacement of the tab 118 or 120 is translated into rotational motion of the rocker 126 , which, in turn, contacts and actuates the dome switch 122 . Actuation of the dome switch 122 delivers an electrical signal form the switch mechanism 112 to operate the instrument associated with the switch mechanism 112 . In other arrangements, the arc span can be greater or less than 30°.
  • the contact region is offset or spaced away from the centerline, CL. More specifically, there is a gap greater than 0° between the centerline, CL, and the inner edge of each tab 118 , 120 . In some specific arrangements, the gap is about 30°, while in other arrangements the gap is less than or greater than 30°.
  • the electrosurgical instrument includes an electronic switch mechanism 212 attached to a handle 211 .
  • the switch mechanism 212 and the handle 211 can be separate units or a single integral unit.
  • the electronic switch mechanism 212 includes an upper housing 214 and a lower housing 216 .
  • the upper housing 214 includes a pair of openings or fenestrations 230 that holds a first tab or button 218 and a second tab or button 220 .
  • Each tab or button 218 , 220 is covered by a respective membrane 222 , 224 , and each tab or button 218 , 220 can be an individual switch mechanism that selectively actuate the instrument 200 .
  • each tab or button 218 , 220 can be an individual membrane switch that delivers an electrical signal to actuate the instrument 200 .
  • the switch mechanism 212 in certain arrangements controls the activation of an energy source.
  • the switch mechanism 212 may control the operation of a radiofrequency (RF) energy source electrically connected to the instrument.
  • RF radiofrequency
  • the switch mechanism 212 when a medical profession actuates the switch mechanism 212 , electrical energy is delivered to the electrodes to treat, for example, tissue of a patient.
  • a force is applied to either button 218 or 220 with a finger or a thumb from either hand of the medical practitioner, the resulting displacement of the button 218 or 220 actuates the switch mechanism 212 , which, in turn, delivers an electrical signal from the switch mechanism 212 to operate the instrument associated with the switch mechanism 212 .
  • the associated instrument can be forceps that coagulate or cut the tissue.
  • the instrument can be a monopolar instrument that only requires one electrode that interacts with a neutral electrode, which is likewise connected to the body of a patient.
  • the instrument can be a bipolar electrosurgical instrument with two electrodes (a distal electrode and a proximal electrode). A RF voltage with different potentials is applied to such bipolar instruments so that a current passes from one electrode to the other electrode through the tissue, thereby heating the tissue to coagulate or cut the tissue.
  • the electrosurgical instrument includes an electronic switch mechanism 312 attached to a handle 311 .
  • the switch mechanism 312 and the handle 311 can be separate units or a single integral unit.
  • the electronic switch mechanism 312 includes an upper housing 314 and a lower housing 316 .
  • the upper housing 314 includes a set of openings or fenestrations 330 that holds a first tab or button 318 , a second tab or button 320 , and a third tab or button 322 .
  • Each tab or button 318 , 320 , 322 can be covered by a respective membrane similar to that described above with respect to the instrument 200 .
  • Each tab or button 318 , 320 , 322 can be individual switch mechanisms that selectively actuate the instrument 300 .
  • each tab or button 318 , 320 , 322 can be an individual membrane switch that delivers an electrical signal to actuate the instrument 300 .
  • the tabs or buttons 318 , 320 , 322 are associated with a circuit board 315 .
  • a signal is transmitted from contacts 328 , 329 in the lower housing 316 to respective contacts 324 , 326 in the circuit board 315 , which in turn actuates the instrument 300 .
  • the contacts 328 and 324 are associated with a bipolar operation of the instrument 300 while the contacts 329 and 326 are associated with a monopolar operation of the instrument 300 .
  • buttons 318 , 320 , 322 are arranged at the 3 O'clock, 9 O'clock and 12 O'clock positions about the longitudinal axis, A, of the instrument 300 . In other arrangements the buttons can be spaced closer together or further apart.
  • the switch mechanism 312 in certain arrangements controls the activation of an energy source.
  • the switch mechanism 312 may control the operation of a radiofrequency (RF) energy source electrically connected to the instrument.
  • RF radiofrequency
  • buttons 318 , 320 , 322 if a force is applied to any of buttons 318 , 320 , 322 , for example, with a fingers or a thumb from either hand of the medical practitioner, the resulting displacement of the button 318 , 320 , or 322 actuates the switch mechanism 312 , which, in turn, delivers an electrical signal from the switch mechanism 312 to operate the instrument associated with the switch mechanism 312 .
  • the associated instrument can be forceps that coagulate or cut the tissue.
  • the instrument can be a monopolar instrument that only requires one electrode that interacts with a neutral electrode, which is likewise connected to the body of a patient.
  • the instrument can be a bipolar electrosurgical instrument with two electrodes (a distal electrode and a proximal electrode). A RF voltage with different potentials is applied to such bipolar instruments so that a current passes from one electrode to the other electrode through the tissue, thereby heating the tissue to coagulate or cut the tissue.
  • the aforementioned membranes covering the tabs or buttons in the instruments 200 and 300 can be insert molded from a flexible low-durometer material.
  • the tabs, buttons, or membranes 18 , 20 , 118 , 120 , 218 , 220 , 318 , 320 , 322 are configured to enable a medical practitioner the ability to operate the respective instrument with either hand.
US16/089,491 2016-04-07 2016-04-07 Electronic switch mechanism Active US10755875B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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PCT/US2016/026454 WO2017176275A1 (en) 2016-04-07 2016-04-07 Electronic switch mechanism

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US20190115168A1 US20190115168A1 (en) 2019-04-18
US10755875B2 true US10755875B2 (en) 2020-08-25

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US (1) US10755875B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP3440688B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP6714724B2 (ja)
CN (1) CN109416995A (ja)
WO (1) WO2017176275A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10117713B2 (en) 2015-07-01 2018-11-06 Mako Surgical Corp. Robotic systems and methods for controlling a tool removing material from a workpiece
US11292135B2 (en) 2018-05-31 2022-04-05 Mako Surgical Corp. Rotating switch sensor for a robotic system

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JPH06193A (ja) 1991-12-13 1994-01-11 Unisurge Inc 手持ち式外科装置及び該装置用器具、組立体および方法
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US20120123203A1 (en) 2009-06-16 2012-05-17 Frii Sa Device for treatments of endoscopic resection/removal of tissues
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JP2012243406A (ja) 2011-05-16 2012-12-10 Tokai Rika Co Ltd スイッチ装置
EP2594218A1 (en) 2011-11-16 2013-05-22 Gyrus Medical Limited Surgical instrument and system
US20130140164A1 (en) 2011-12-06 2013-06-06 Darfon Electronics Corp. Thin film switch and press key/keyboard using the same
WO2013154921A2 (en) 2012-04-09 2013-10-17 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Switch arrangements for ultrasonic surgical instruments
US8699741B2 (en) * 2008-07-22 2014-04-15 Gn Netcom A/S Headset with more buttons for activating the same switch pad
US20150066026A1 (en) 2013-08-30 2015-03-05 Covidien Lp Switch assemblies for multi-function, energy-based surgical instruments
US9907565B2 (en) * 2014-10-15 2018-03-06 Eithicon LLC Activation features for ultrasonic surgical instrument

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US4618754A (en) 1985-06-17 1986-10-21 David Gross Membrane switch with pivotable rocker
US5217478A (en) * 1987-02-18 1993-06-08 Linvatec Corporation Arthroscopic surgical instrument drive system
JPH06193A (ja) 1991-12-13 1994-01-11 Unisurge Inc 手持ち式外科装置及び該装置用器具、組立体および方法
US5601601A (en) * 1991-12-13 1997-02-11 Unisurge Holdings, Inc. Hand held surgical device
US5376765A (en) 1992-09-16 1994-12-27 Key Tronic Corporation Key leveler apparatus
JPH11111099A (ja) 1997-09-29 1999-04-23 Nissha Printing Co Ltd 透明部付メンブレンスイッチとその製造方法
JP2000048676A (ja) 1998-05-25 2000-02-18 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 段押しスイッチ機構
US20040061059A1 (en) 2000-12-01 2004-04-01 Thomas Gobel Medical probe for measuring radioactive radiation
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US6911608B2 (en) 2002-05-23 2005-06-28 Digit Wireless, Llc Keypads and key switches
US6880989B2 (en) 2003-01-07 2005-04-19 Pentax Corporation Push button switch
US6998554B2 (en) 2003-12-22 2006-02-14 Kabushiki Kaisha T An T Push-button switch units for vehicle interior light assembly
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US20190115168A1 (en) 2019-04-18
JP2019514163A (ja) 2019-05-30
JP6714724B2 (ja) 2020-06-24
WO2017176275A1 (en) 2017-10-12
EP3440688B1 (en) 2023-10-11
EP3440688A1 (en) 2019-02-13

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