US10721793B2 - Transmission device and transmission method - Google Patents

Transmission device and transmission method Download PDF

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US10721793B2
US10721793B2 US16/277,616 US201916277616A US10721793B2 US 10721793 B2 US10721793 B2 US 10721793B2 US 201916277616 A US201916277616 A US 201916277616A US 10721793 B2 US10721793 B2 US 10721793B2
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legacy
ppdu
legacy header
field
header field
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US20190182893A1 (en
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Takenori Sakamoto
Hiroyuki Motozuka
Masataka Irie
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Corp of America
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Panasonic Intellectual Property Corp of America
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/2603—Signal structure ensuring backward compatibility with legacy system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
    • H03M13/03—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words
    • H03M13/05—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits
    • H03M13/11—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits using multiple parity bits
    • H03M13/1102—Codes on graphs and decoding on graphs, e.g. low-density parity check [LDPC] codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0002—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate
    • H04L1/0003—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate by switching between different modulation schemes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/2605—Symbol extensions, e.g. Zero Tail, Unique Word [UW]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/2605—Symbol extensions, e.g. Zero Tail, Unique Word [UW]
    • H04L27/2607—Cyclic extensions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/261—Details of reference signals
    • H04L27/2613—Structure of the reference signals
    • H04L27/26134—Pilot insertion in the transmitter chain, e.g. pilot overlapping with data, insertion in time or frequency domain
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
    • H04L27/2627—Modulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
    • H04L27/2627—Modulators
    • H04L27/2628—Inverse Fourier transform modulators, e.g. inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0466—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource the resource being a scrambling code
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W80/00—Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
    • H04W80/08—Upper layer protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0003—Two-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0005—Time-frequency
    • H04L5/0007—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to wireless communication, and more specifically relates to a device and method for configuring and transmitting aggregate physical layer convergence protocol data units (PLCP Protocol Data Units (PPDU)) in a wireless communication system.
  • PLCP Protocol Data Units PPDU
  • Wireless Hi-Definition (HD) technology is a wireless communication standard that was the first in the industry to use the 60 GHz band, and is capable of wireless streaming transmission of several gigabytes per second of at least one of high-definition audio, video, and data, among consumer electronic devices, personal computers, and mobile devices.
  • WiGig technology A separate wireless communication technology that operates in the 60 GHz band is WiGig technology, which has been standardized as the IEEE 802.11ad standard by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE). WiGig technology enables implementation of physical layer data transmission speeds up to 6.7 Gbps by using a standard channel bandwidth of 2.16 GHz. WiGig technology supports both single carrier (SC) modulation and OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) modulation.
  • SC single carrier
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • WiGig technology supports Aggregate-PPDU (aggregate physical layer convergence protocol data units, hereinafter referred to as “A-PPDU”) to improve transmission efficiency (see IEEE 802.11ad-2012 P 237 9.13a DMG A-PPDU operation),
  • A-PPDU is technology where two or more PPDUs are transmitted without providing inter-frame spacing (IFS) or preambles therebetween.
  • IFS inter-frame spacing
  • WiGig technology can be used to substitute for cables in a wired digital interface.
  • WiGig technology can be used to implement a wireless Universal Serial Bus (USB) link for instantaneous synchronization in video streaming transmission to smartphones, tablets, or over an high definition multimedia interface (HDMI, a registered trademark) link.
  • USB Universal Serial Bus
  • HDMI high definition multimedia interface
  • the newest wired digital interfaces are capable of data transmission speeds up to several tens of Gbps, and accordingly WiGig technology is evolving to rival these.
  • WiGig technology is evolving to rival these.
  • Technology where downwards compatibility with current WiGig (legacy WiGig) technology is maintained while supporting data transmission by variable channel bandwidth of the standard channel bandwidth or higher is desired for Next Generation 60 GHz (NG60) WiGig technology, in order to achieve physical layer data transmission speeds up to several tens of Gbps.
  • NG60 Next Generation 60 GHz
  • NG60 WiGig non-legacy WiGig
  • LF Legacy Format
  • MF ixed Format
  • One non-limiting and exemplary embodiment provides a non-legacy A-PPDU transmission device whereby transmission efficiency can be improved.
  • the techniques disclosed here feature a transmission device including: a signal processing circuit that generates an aggregate physical layer convergence protocol data unit (A-PPDU) by adding a guard interval to each of a first part of a first physical layer convergence protocol data unit (PPDU) transmitted over each of a first through L'th channel of a predetermined channel bandwidth, where L is an integer of 2 or greater, a second part of the first PPDU transmitted over each of an (L+1)'th through P'th channel, which is a variable channel bandwidth that is N times the predetermined channel bandwidth, where N is an integer of 2 or greater and P is an integer of L+1 or greater, and a second PPDU transmitted over the (L+1)'th through P'th channel; and a wireless circuit that transmits the A-PPDU.
  • A-PPDU aggregate physical layer convergence protocol data unit
  • the first PPDU includes a legacy STF, a legacy CEF, a legacy header field, a non-legacy STF, a non-legacy CEF, one or more non-legacy header fields including one or more non-legacy headers, and one or more data fields including one or more payload data.
  • the first part of the first PPDU includes the legacy STF, the legacy CEF, the legacy header field, and the non-legacy header field.
  • the second part of the first PPDU includes the non-legacy STF, the non-legacy CEF, and the one or more data fields.
  • the second PPDU includes the one or more non-legacy header fields and the one or more data fields.
  • each of the one or more non-legacy header fields of the second PPDU includes a non-legacy header that has been repeated N times.
  • Transmission efficiency can be improved by using the non-legacy A-PPDU transmission device and transmission method according to the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the LF SC PPDU format according to conventional technology
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a legacy header of an LF SC PPDU according to conventional technology
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an LF SC PPDU transmission device according to conventional technology
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the LF SC A-PPDU format according to conventional technology
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the LF OFDM PPDU format according to conventional technology
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a legacy header of an LF OFDM PPDU according to conventional technology
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an LF OFDM PPDU transmission device according to conventional technology
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of the LF OFDM A-PPDU format according to conventional technology
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of the MF SC PPDU format transmitting by a standard channel bandwidth according to the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a non-legacy header according to the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of the MF SC PPDU format transmitted at a variable channel bandwidth that is twice the standard channel band width according to the present disclosure
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a detailed configuration of an SC block in a data field of an MF SC PPDU according to the present disclosure
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of the MF SC A-PPDU format transmitted at the standard channel bandwidth according to the present disclosure
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of the MF SC A-PPDU format transmitted at a variable channel bandwidth that is twice the standard channel band width according to the present disclosure
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of the MF OFDM PPDU format transmitted at the standard channel bandwidth according to the present disclosure
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of the MF OFDM A-PPDU format transmitted at a variable channel bandwidth that is twice the standard channel band width according to the present disclosure
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of subcarrier mapping with regard to a data field of an MF OFDM PPDU according to the present disclosure
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of the MF OFDM A-PPDU format transmitted at the standard channel bandwidth according to the present disclosure
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of the MF OFDM A-PPDU format transmitted at a variable channel bandwidth that is twice the standard channel band width according to the present disclosure
  • FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating an example of the MF SC A-PPDU format transmitted at a variable channel bandwidth that is twice the standard channel band width according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating an example of detailed configuration of an SC block in a non-legacy header field of an MF SC A-PPDU according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an MF SC A-PPDU transmission device according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a duplicating unit according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating an example of the MF OFDM PPDU format transmitted at the standard channel bandwidth according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating an example of the MF OFDM A-PPDU format transmitted at a variable channel bandwidth that is twice the standard channel band width according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating an example of subcarrier mapping with regard to a non-legacy header field of an MF OFDM PPDU according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an MF OFDM A-PPDU transmission device according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for generating an SC block in a non-legacy header field of an MF SC A-PPDU in a case where a GI period has been changed, according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the format of an LF SC PPDU 100 according to conventional technology.
  • the LF SC PPDU 100 includes a legacy STF 101 , a legacy CEF 102 , legacy header field 103 and data field 104 , an optional AGC subfield 105 , and an optional TRN-R/T subfield 106 .
  • the legacy STF 101 is used for packet detection, automatic gain control (AGC), frequency offset estimation, and synchronization.
  • the legacy CEF 102 is used for channel estimation.
  • the legacy header field 103 includes a legacy header 109 that defines details of the LF SC PPDU 100 .
  • FIG. 2 illustrates multiple fields included in each legacy header 109 .
  • the data field 104 includes payload data 110 of the LF SC PPDU 100 . At least one of audio, video, and data is included in the payload data 110 .
  • the data octet count of the data field 104 is specified by the Length field of each legacy header 109 , and the modulation format and the code rate used in the data field 104 are specified by the Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) field of the legacy header 109 .
  • MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme
  • the AGC subfield 105 and TRN-R/T subfield 106 are present when the LF SC PPDU 100 is used for beam fine adjustment or tracking control.
  • the length of the AGC subfield 105 and TRN-R/T subfield 106 are specified by the Training Length field of the legacy header 109 .
  • TRN-R/T subfield 106 is used as a TRN-R subfield, and whether or not used as a TRN-T subfield, is specified by the Packet Type field of the legacy header 109 . All fields of the LF SC PPDU 100 are transmitted by SC modulation using the 2.16 GHz standard channel bandwidth, as illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an LF SC PPDU transmission device 300 according to the conventional technology.
  • the transmission device 300 has a baseband signal processing unit 301 , a digital to analog converter (DAC) 302 , a radio frequency (RF) frontend 303 , and an antenna 304 .
  • the baseband signal processing unit 301 has a scrambler 305 , a low density parity check (LDPC) encoder 306 , a modulator 307 , a symbol blocking unit 308 , and a guard interval (GI) insertion unit 309 .
  • LDPC low density parity check
  • the scrambler 305 scrambles bits of the legacy header field 103 and data field 104 .
  • the scrambler 305 is initialized following the Scrambler Initialization field of the legacy header 109 , and starts scrambling from the MCS field of the legacy header 109 .
  • the LDPC encoder 306 performs LDPC encoding of the legacy header field 103 by a 3/4 code rate, and generates an LDPC codeword.
  • the modulator 307 converts the LDPC codeword into 448 complex constellation points using ⁇ /2-binary phase shift keying (BPSK).
  • the symbol blocking unit 308 forms blocks of complex constellation points in increments of 448, thereby generating symbol blocks.
  • the GI insertion unit 309 adds a GI 108 made up of a Golay system 64 symbols long, that has been defined beforehand, to the start of the symbol block, thereby generating an SC block.
  • the LDPC encoder 306 performs LDPC encoding of the payload data 110 in the data field 104 , at the code rate specified in the MCS field in the legacy header, thereby generating an LDPC codeword.
  • the modulator 307 coverts the LDPC codeword into multiple complex constellation points using the modulation format specified in the MCS field in the legacy header.
  • the symbol blocking unit 308 forms blocks of complex constellation points in increments of 448, thereby generating symbol blocks.
  • the GI insertion unit 309 adds the same GI 108 as the legacy header field 103 to the start of each symbol block, thereby generating the SC block 107 . Further, in order to facilitate frequency region equalization, the GI insertion unit 309 adds a GI 108 a to the end of the final SC block 107 of the data field 104 . That is to say, in a case where the Additional PPDU field of the legacy header is not 1, the GI 108 a is added.
  • the DAC 302 converts digital baseband signals, including the LF SC PPDU 100 generated at the baseband signal processing unit 301 , into analog baseband signals.
  • the RF frontend 303 converts analog baseband signals including the LF SC PPDU 100 into radio frequency signals by frequency conversion, amplifying, and other such processing.
  • the antenna 304 emits the wireless frequency signals into space.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the format of an LF SC A-PPDU 400 according to conventional technology.
  • the LF SC A-PPDU 400 is made up of three LF SC PPDUs 401 , 402 , and 403 .
  • the LF SC PPDUs are linked without an IFS or preamble therebetween, and include legacy header fields 406 , 408 , and 410 , and data fields 407 , 409 , and 411 .
  • the LF SC PPDU 401 disposed at the start of the LF SC A-PPDU 400 includes the legacy header field 406 , data field 407 , legacy STF 404 , and legacy CEF 405 .
  • the LF SC PPDU 403 disposed at the end of the LF SC A-PPDU 400 includes the legacy header field 410 , data field 411 , optional AGC subfield 412 and optional TRN-R/T subfield 413 .
  • legacy STF 404 Definitions of the legacy STF 404 , legacy CEF 405 , legacy header fields 406 , 408 , and 410 , AGC subfield 412 , and TRN-R/T subfield 413 are the same as the definitions of the corresponding fields of the LF SC PPDU 100 in FIG. 1 , so description will be omitted.
  • the LF SC PPDU 401 for example is followed by a different LF SC PPDU 402 , so the Additional PPDU field of the legacy header field 410 of the LF SC PPDU 403 is set to 0, while the Additional PPDU fields of the legacy header fields 406 and 408 of the other LF SC PPDUs 401 and 402 are set to 1.
  • the final SC block 414 of the data field 407 is followed by the SC block 415 at the start of the legacy header field 408 of a different LF SC PPDU 402 , so addition of a GI 417 a is omitted, but the end of the final SC block 416 of the data field 411 of the LF SC PPDU 403 is followed by no SC block, so a GI 417 a is added. That is to say, in a case where the Additional PPDU field of a legacy header is 1, addition of the GI 417 a is omitted. Note that all fields of the LF SC A-PPDU 400 are transmitted by SC modulation using the 2.16 GHz standard channel bandwidth.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the format of an LF OFDM PPDU 500 according to conventional technology.
  • the LF OFDM PPDU 500 includes a legacy STF 501 , a legacy CEF 502 , legacy header field 503 , a data field 504 , an optional AGC subfield 505 , and an optional TRN-R/T subfield 506 .
  • Definitions of the legacy STF 501 , legacy CEF 502 , AGC subfield 505 , and TRN-R/T subfield 506 are the same as the definitions of the corresponding fields of the LF SC PPDU 100 in FIG. 1 , so description will be omitted.
  • the legacy header field 503 includes a legacy header 510 defining details of the LF OFDM PPDU 500 .
  • FIG. 6 illustrates multiple fields included in the legacy header 510 .
  • the data field 504 includes payload data 511 of the LF OFDM PPDU 500 , Note that all fields of the LF OFDM PPDU 500 are transmitted using the 2.16 GHz standard channel bandwidth.
  • the legacy STF 501 , legacy CEF 502 , AGC subfield 505 , and TRN-R/T subfield 506 are transmitted by SC modulation, while the legacy header field 503 and data field 504 are transmitted by OFDM modulation.
  • the legacy header field 503 and data field 504 transmitted by OFDM modulation are transmitted at a faster sampling rate than the legacy STF 501 , legacy CEF 502 , AGC subfield 505 , and TRN-R/T subfield transmitted by SC modulation. Accordingly, sampling rate conversion processing is necessary at the boundary between the legacy CEF 502 and the legacy header field 503 , and the boundary between the data field 504 and AGC subfield 505 .
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an LF OFDM PPDU transmission device 700 according to conventional technology.
  • the transmission device 700 has a baseband signal processing unit 701 , a DAC 702 , an RF frontend 703 , and an antenna 704 .
  • the baseband signal processing unit 701 further includes a scrambler 705 , an LDPC encoder 706 , a modulator 707 , a subcarrier mapping unit 708 , an IFFT unit 709 , and a GI insertion unit 710 .
  • the scrambler 705 scrambles bits of the legacy header field 503 and data field 504 .
  • the scrambler 705 is initialized following the Scrambler Initialization field of the legacy header, and starts scrambling from the MCS field of the legacy header.
  • the LDPC encoder 706 performs LDPC encoding of the legacy header 510 by a 3/4 code rate, and generates an LDPC codeword.
  • the modulator 707 converts the LDPC codeword into 336 complex constellation points using quadrature phase shift keying (QSPK).
  • QSPK quadrature phase shift keying
  • the subcarrier mapping unit 708 maps the 336 complex constellation points as to 336 data subcarriers following rules defined beforehand.
  • the IFFT unit 709 converts the legacy header 510 subcarrier-mapped in frequency region, to time region signals by IFFT processing at 512 points.
  • the GI insertion unit 710 copies the trailing 128 samples of the output signals from the IFFT unit 709 and connects these to the start of the IFFT output signals as a GI 507 , thereby generating OFDM symbols.
  • a GI may be referred to as a cyclic prefix (CP) with regard to OFDM symbols.
  • the LDPC encoder 706 performs LDPC encoding of the payload data 511 , at the code rate specified in the MCS field in the legacy header 510 , thereby generating an LDPC codeword.
  • the modulator 707 coverts the LDPC codeword into multiple complex constellation points using the modulation format specified in the MCS field in the legacy header 510 .
  • the subcarrier mapping unit 708 maps the 336 complex constellation points as to 336 data subcarriers following rules defined beforehand. There are a total of 512 subcarriers, with the remaining 176 subcarriers being used as DC subcarrier, pilot subcarrier, and guard band.
  • the IFFT unit 709 converts the payload data 511 subcarrier-mapped in frequency region, to time region signals by IFFT processing at 512 points.
  • the GI insertion unit 710 copies the trailing 128 samples of the output signals from the IFFT unit 709 and connects these to the start of the IFFT output signals as a GIs 508 and 509 , thereby generating OFDM symbols.
  • the DAC 702 converts digital baseband signals, including the LF OFDM PPDU 100 generated at the baseband signal processing unit 701 , into analog baseband signals.
  • the RF frontend 703 converts analog baseband signals including the LF OFDM PPDU 100 into radio frequency signals by frequency conversion, amplifying, and other such processing.
  • the antenna 704 emits the wireless frequency signals into space.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of the format of an LF OFDM A-PPDU 800 according to conventional technology.
  • the LF OFDM A-PPDU 800 is made up of three LF OFDM PPDUs 801 802 , and 803 .
  • the LF OFDM PPDUs are linked without an IFS or preamble therebetween, and include legacy header fields 806 , 808 , and 810 , and data fields 807 , 809 , and 811 .
  • the LF OFDM PPDU 801 disposed at the start of the LF OFDM A-PPDU 800 includes the legacy header field 806 , data field 807 , legacy STF 804 , and legacy CEF 805 .
  • the LF OFDM PPDU 803 disposed at the end of the LF OFDM A-PPDU 800 includes the legacy header field 810 , data field 811 , optional AGC subfield 812 , and optional TRN-R/T subfield 813 .
  • Definitions of the legacy STF 804 , legacy CEF 805 , legacy header fields 806 , 808 , and 810 , data fields 807 , 809 , and 811 , AGC subfield 812 , and TRN-R/T subfield 813 are the same as the definitions of the corresponding fields of the LF OFDM PPDU 500 in FIG. 5 , so description will be omitted.
  • the LF OFDM PPDUs 801 and 802 are followed by different LF OFDM PPDUs 802 and 803 , so the Additional PPDU fields of the legacy header fields 806 and 808 of the LF OFDM PPDU 801 and 802 are set to 1, while the Additional PPDU field of the legacy header field 810 of the LF OFDM PPDU 803 that has no following LF OFDM PPDU is set to 0.
  • all fields of the LF OFDM A-PPDU 800 are transmitted using the 2.16 GHz standard channel bandwidth.
  • the legacy STF 804 , legacy CEF 805 , AGC subfield 812 , and TRN-R/T subfield 813 of the LF OFDM A-PPDU 800 are transmitted by SC modulation, while the legacy headers 806 , 808 , 810 and data fields 807 , 809 , and 811 are transmitted by OFDM modulation.
  • the payload data 814 at the last stage of each LF OFDM PPDU does not have to be followed by a GI 815 .
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of the format of an MF SC PPDU 900 transmitted at standard channel bandwidth according to the present disclosure.
  • the MF SC PPDU 900 includes a legacy STF 901 , a legacy CEF 902 , a legacy header field 903 , a non-legacy header field 904 , a non-legacy STF 905 , a non-legacy CEF 906 , a data field 907 , an optional AGC subfield 908 , and an optional TRN-R/T subfield 909 .
  • non-legacy STF 905 and non-legacy CEF 906 may be omitted in a case where the data field 907 is transmitted using single input single output (SISO), since the AGC level adjusted at the legacy STF 901 and the channel estimation results obtained at the legacy CEF 902 can be used for the data field 907 .
  • SISO single input single output
  • Definitions of the legacy STF 901 , legacy CEF 902 , legacy header field 903 , AGC subfield 908 , and TRN-R/T subfield 909 are the same as the definitions of the corresponding fields of the LF SC PPDU 100 in FIG. 1 , so description will be omitted.
  • the non-legacy header field 904 includes a non-legacy header 913 that defines details of the MF SC PPDU 900 .
  • FIG. 10 illustrates multiple fields included in a non-legacy header.
  • a GI 912 is added to the end of the last SC block 910 of the non-legacy header field 904 , in order to facilitate frequency region equalization.
  • the non-legacy STF 905 is used for AGC readjustment.
  • the non-legacy CEF 906 is used for channel estimation for the data field 907 .
  • the data field 907 includes payload data 914 of the MF SC PPDU 900 .
  • the data octet count of the data field 907 is specified by the PSDU Length field of each non-legacy header, and the modulation format and the code rate used in the data field 907 are specified by the non-legacy MCS field of the non-legacy header.
  • a GI 912 a is added to the end of the last SC block 911 of the data field 907 , in order to facilitate frequency region equalization. Note that all fields of the MF SC PPDU 900 are transmitted by SC modulation using the 2.16 GHz standard channel bandwidth.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of the format of an MF SC PPDU 1100 transmitted at a variable channel bandwidth that is double the standard channel bandwidth according to the present disclosure.
  • the MF SC PPDU 1100 includes a legacy STF 1101 , a legacy CEF 1102 , a legacy header field 1103 , a non-legacy header field 1104 , a non-legacy STF 1105 , a non-legacy CEF 1106 , a data field 1107 , an optional AGC subfield 1108 , and an optional TRN-R/T subfield 1109 .
  • legacy STF 1101 Definitions of the legacy STF 1101 , legacy CEF 1102 , legacy header field 1103 , non-legacy header field 1104 , optional AGC subfield 1108 , and optional TRN-R/T subfield 1109 are the same as the definitions of the corresponding fields of the MF SC PPDU 900 in FIG. 9 , so description will be omitted.
  • the channel bandwidth differs among the data field 1107 , legacy STF 1101 , and legacy CEF 1106 , so the non-legacy STF 1105 and non-legacy CEF 1106 are present in the MF SC PPDU 1100 . Accordingly, a GI 1111 using the 2.16 GHz standard channel bandwidth is added to the end of the final SC block 1110 of the non-legacy header field 1104 .
  • the legacy STF 1101 , legacy CEF 1102 , legacy header field 1103 , and non-legacy header field 1104 are duplicated, and transmitted by the standard channel bandwidth B (i.e., 2.16 GHz), each with a frequency offset B/2 that is half band of the standard channel bandwidth B (i.e., 1.08 GHz).
  • the non-legacy STF 1105 , non-legacy CEF 1106 , data field 1107 , AGC subfield 1108 , and TRN-R/T subfield 1109 are transmitted at the variable channel bandwidth 2 B that is a band double the standard channel bandwidth B (i.e., 4.32 GHz). Accordingly, sampling rate conversion processing is performed at the boundary between the non-legacy header field 1104 and non-legacy STF 1105 . Note that all fields of the MF SC PPDU 1100 are transmitted by SC modulation. Although the illustration in FIG. 11 takes into consideration the bandwidth that each field occupies, illustration in subsequent diagrams will be made using channel bandwidth, for the sake of simplifying the drawings.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of the format of an MF SC A-PPDU 1300 transmitted at the standard channel bandwidth, according to the present disclosure.
  • the MF SC A-PPDU 1300 includes three MF SC PPDUs 1301 , 1302 , and 1303 .
  • the MF SC PPDUs are linked without an IFS or preamble therebetween, and include non-legacy header fields and data fields.
  • the MF SC PPDU 1301 disposed at the start of the MF SC A-PPDU 1300 includes a non-legacy header field 1307 , data field 1310 , legacy STF 1304 , legacy CEF 1305 , legacy header field 1306 , non-legacy STF 1308 , and non-legacy CEF 1309 .
  • the non-legacy STF 1308 and non-legacy CEF 1309 may be omitted, since the AGC level adjusted at the legacy STF 1304 and channel estimation results obtained at the legacy CEF 1305 can be used in the data fields 1310 , 1312 , and 1314 .
  • the MF SC PPDU 1303 at the end of the MF SC A-PPDU 1300 includes a non-legacy header field 1313 , a data field 1314 , an optional AGC subfield 1315 , and an optional TRN-R/T subfield 1316 .
  • Definitions of the legacy STF 1304 , legacy CEF 1305 , legacy header field 1306 , non-legacy header fields 1307 , 1311 , and 1313 , non-legacy STF 1308 , non-legacy CEF 1309 , AGC subfield 1315 , and TRN-R/T subfield 1316 are the same as the definitions of the corresponding fields of the MF SC PPDU 900 in FIG. 9 , so description will be omitted.
  • the MF SC PPDU 1303 is not followed by another MF SC PPDU, so the Additional PPDU field of the non-legacy header field 1313 of the MF SC PPDU 1303 is set to 0, while the MF SC PPDUs 1301 and 1302 are followed by other MF SC PPDUs 1302 and 1303 , so the Additional PPDU field of the non-legacy header fields ( 1307 and 1311 ) are set to 1. Note that the Additional PPDU field in the legacy header field 1306 is set to 0, so that the MF SC A-PPDU 1300 will be received as a conventional LF SC PPDU by a legacy device.
  • the final SC block 1317 of the data field 1310 is followed by the SC block 1318 at the start of the non-legacy header field 1311 of the following MF SC PPDU 1302 , so addition of a GI 1320 a is omitted, but the final SC block 1319 of the data field 1314 of the MF SC PPDU 1303 , regarding which there is no following MF SC PPDU, is followed by no SC block, so a GI 1320 a is added to the end. That is to say, in a case where the Additional PPDU field of a legacy header is 1, addition of the GI 1320 a is omitted. Note that all fields of the MF SC A-PPDU 1300 are transmitted by SC modulation using the 2.16 GHz standard channel bandwidth.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of the format of an MF SC A-PPDU 1400 transmitted at the variable channel bandwidth that is a band double the standard channel bandwidth.
  • the MF SC A-PPDU 1400 is made up of three MF SC PPDUs 1401 , 1402 , and 1403 .
  • the MF SC PPDUs are linked without an IFS or preamble therebetween, and include non-legacy header fields and data fields.
  • the MF SC PPDU 1401 disposed at the start of the MF SC A-PPDU 1400 includes a non-legacy header field 1407 , data field 1410 , legacy STF 1404 , legacy CEF 1405 , legacy header field 1406 , non-legacy STF 1408 , and non-legacy CEF 1409 .
  • the MF SC PPDU 1403 disposed at the end of the MF SC A-PPDU 1400 includes a non-legacy header field 1407 , a data field 1410 , an optional AGC subfield 1415 , and an optional TRN-R/T subfield 1416 .
  • Definitions of the legacy STF 1404 , legacy CEF 1405 , legacy header field 1406 , non-legacy header fields ( 1407 , 1411 , and 1413 ), non-legacy STF 1408 , non-legacy CEF 1409 , AGC subfield 1415 , and TRN-R/T subfield 1416 are the same as the definitions of the corresponding fields of the MF SC PPDU 1100 in FIG. 11 , so description will be omitted.
  • the MF SC PPDU 1403 is not followed by another MF SC PPDU, for example, so the Additional PPDU field of the non-legacy header field 1413 is set to 0, while the MF SC PPDUs 1401 and 1402 are followed by another MF SC PPDU, so the Additional PPDU field of the non-legacy header fields 1407 and 1411 are set to 1. Note that the Additional PPDU field of the legacy header in the legacy header field 1406 is set to 0, so that the MF SC A-PPDU 1400 will be received as a conventional LF SC PPDU by a legacy device.
  • the data fields 1410 , 1412 , and 1414 are transmitted by a broader channel bandwidth than the non-legacy header fields 1407 , 1411 , and 1413 , so a GI 1420 a is added to the end of the final SC blocks 1418 and 1422 of the non-legacy header fields 1411 and 1413 in the MF SC PPDUs 1402 and 1403 , even in a case where data fields 1412 and 1414 immediately follow the non-legacy header fields 1411 and 1413 .
  • the MF SC PPDU 1403 is not followed by another MF SC PPDU, so a GI 1421 a is added to the end of the final SC block 1419 of the data field 1414 .
  • the MF SC PPDUs 1401 and 1402 are followed by other MF SC PPDUs 1402 and 1403 , but the channel bandwidth differs between the data fields 1410 and 1412 and the subsequent non-legacy header fields 1411 and 1413 , so a GI 1421 a is added to the end of the final SC block 1417 and 1423 of the data fields 1410 and 1412 , in the same way as with the MF SC PPDU 1403 .
  • sampling rate conversion processing is performed at the boundaries between the data fields 1410 and 1412 , and the subsequent non-legacy header fields 1411 and 1413 .
  • the legacy STF 1404 , legacy CEF 1405 , legacy header field 1406 , and non-legacy header field 1407 are duplicated, and transmitted by the standard channel bandwidth B (i.e., 2.16 GHz), each with a frequency offset B/2 that is half band of the standard channel bandwidth B (i.e., 1.08 GHz).
  • the non-legacy STF 1408 , non-legacy CEF 1409 , data fields 1410 , 1412 , and 1414 , AGC subfield 1415 , and TRN-R/T subfield 1416 are transmitted at the variable channel bandwidth 2 B that is a band double the standard channel bandwidth B (i.e., 4.32 GHz). Note that all fields of the MF SC A-PPDU 1400 are transmitted by SC modulation.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of the format of an MF OFDM PPDU 1500 transmitted at the standard channel bandwidth according to the present disclosure.
  • the MF OFDM PPDU 1500 includes a legacy STF 1501 , a legacy CEF 1502 , a legacy header field 1503 , a non-legacy header field 1504 , a non-legacy STF 1505 , a non-legacy CEF 1506 , a data field 1507 , an optional AGC subfield 1508 , and an optional TRN-R/T 1509 .
  • the non-legacy STF 1505 and non-legacy CEF 1506 may be omitted, since the AGC level adjusted at the legacy STF 1501 and channel estimation results obtained at the legacy CEF 1502 can be used in the data field 1507 .
  • legacy STF 1501 legacy CEF 1502 legacy header field 1503 , AGC subfield 1508 , and TRN-R/T subfield 1509 are the same as the definitions of the corresponding fields of the LF OFDM PPDU 500 in FIG. 5 , so description will be omitted.
  • the configuration of the non-legacy header included in the non-legacy header field 1504 is the same as that in FIG. 10 .
  • All fields of the MF OFDM PPDU 1500 in FIG. 15 are transmitted using the 2.16 GHz standard channel bandwidth.
  • the legacy STF 1501 , legacy CEF 1502 , legacy header field 1503 , non-legacy header field 1504 , non-legacy STF 1505 , AGC subfield 1508 , and TRN-R/T subfield 1509 are transmitted by SC modulation, while the non-legacy CEF 1506 and data field 1507 are transmitted by OFDM modulation. Accordingly, a GI 1511 a is added to the end of the final SC block 1510 of the non-legacy header field 1504 even in a case where the non-legacy STF 1505 and non-legacy CEF 1506 are not present.
  • the non-legacy CEF 1506 and data field 1507 that are transmitted by OFDM modulation are transmitted at a faster sampling rate than the legacy STF 1501 , legacy CEF 1502 , legacy header field 1503 , non-legacy header field 1504 , non-legacy STF 1505 , AGC subfield 1508 , and TRN-R/T subfield 1509 , which are transmitted by SC modulation, in the same way as with the LF OFDM PPDU 500 in FIG. 5 . Accordingly, sampling rate conversion processing is implemented at the boundary between the non-legacy STF 1505 and the non-legacy CEF 1506 , and the boundary between the data field 1507 and AGC subfield 1508 .
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of the format of an MF OFDM PPDU 1600 transmitted at a variable channel bandwidth that is double the standard channel bandwidth B according to the present disclosure.
  • the MF OFDM PPDU 1600 includes a legacy STF 1601 , a legacy CEF 1602 , a legacy header field 1603 , a non-legacy header field 1604 , a non-legacy STF 1605 , a non-legacy CEF 1606 , a data field 1607 , an optional AGC subfield 1608 , and an optional TRN-R/T 1609 .
  • legacy STF 1601 Definitions of the legacy STF 1601 , legacy CEF 1602 , legacy header field 1603 , non-legacy header field 1604 , AGC subfield 1608 , and TRN-R/T subfield 1609 are the same as the definitions of the corresponding fields of the MF OFDM PPDU 1500 in FIG. 15 , so description will be omitted.
  • the channel bandwidth differs among the data field 1607 , legacy STF 1601 , and legacy CEF 1602 , so the non-legacy STF 1605 and non-legacy CEF 1606 are present in the MF OFDM PPDU 1600 . Accordingly, a GI 1611 a is added to the end of the final SC block 1610 of the non-legacy header field 1604 .
  • the legacy STF 1601 , legacy CEF 1602 , legacy header field 1603 , and non-legacy header field 1604 are duplicated, and transmitted by the standard channel bandwidth B (i.e., 2.16 GHz), each with a frequency offset B/2 that is half band of the standard channel bandwidth B (i.e., 1.08 GHz).
  • the non-legacy STF 1605 , non-legacy CEF 1606 , data field 1607 , AGC subfield 1608 , and TRN-R/T subfield 1609 are transmitted at the variable channel bandwidth 2 B that is a band double the standard channel bandwidth B (i.e., 4.32 GHz). Accordingly, sampling rate conversion processing is performed at the boundary between the non-legacy header field 1604 and non-legacy STF 1605 .
  • legacy STF 1601 , legacy CEF 1602 , legacy header field 1603 , non-legacy header field 1604 , non-legacy STF 1605 , AGC subfield 1608 , and TRN-R/T 1609 are transmitted by SC modulation, while the non-legacy CEF 1606 and data field 1607 are transmitted by OFDM modulation. Accordingly, sampling rate conversion processing is performed at the boundary between the non-legacy STF 1605 and non-legacy CEF 1606 , and at the boundary between the data field 1607 and AGC subfield 1608 .
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of subcarrier mapping in the data fields 1507 and 1607 of the MF OFDM PPDU 1500 and 1600 according to the present disclosure. Illustrated in FIG. 17 are a data subcarrier count N SD (payload data symbol count) when the standard channel bandwidth B is used, and ratio of standard channel bandwidth and variable channel bandwidth (i.e., variable channel bandwidth/standard channel bandwidth) R CB .
  • N SD payload data symbol count
  • R CB ratio of standard channel bandwidth and variable channel bandwidth
  • data subcarriers are illustrated in FIG. 17 for the sake of simplicity, DC subcarrier, pilot subcarrier, and guard band are also present in an actual MF OFDM PPDU.
  • the data subcarrier count increases proportionately to R CB in the MF OFDM PPDU, so the symbol count of payload data to be mapped to data subcarriers also increases proportionately to R CB .
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of the format of an MF OFDM A-PPDU 1800 transmitted at the standard channel bandwidth according to the present disclosure.
  • the MF OFDM A-PPDU 1800 is made up of three MF OFDM PPDUs 1801 , 1802 , and 1803 .
  • the MF OFDM PPDUs are linked without an IFS or preamble therebetween, and include non-legacy header fields and data fields.
  • the MF OFDM PPDU 1801 disposed at the start of the MF OFDM A-PPDU 1800 includes a non-legacy header field 1807 , data field 1810 , legacy STF 1804 , legacy CEF 1805 , legacy header field 1806 , non-legacy STF 1808 , and non-legacy CEF 1809 .
  • the non-legacy STF 1808 and non-legacy CEF 1809 may be omitted, since the AGC level adjusted at the legacy STF 1804 and channel estimation results obtained at the legacy CEF 1805 can be used in the data fields 1810 , 1812 , and 1814 .
  • the MF OFDM PPDU 1803 disposed at the end of the MF OFDM A-PPDU 1800 includes a non-legacy header field 1807 , a data field 1810 , an optional AGC subfield 1815 , and an optional TRN-R/T 1816 .
  • Definitions of the legacy STF 1804 , legacy CEF 1805 , legacy header field 1806 , non-legacy header fields 1807 , 1811 , and 1813 , non-legacy STF 1808 , non-legacy CEF 1809 , AGC subfield 1815 , and TRN-R/T subfield 1816 of the MF OFDM A-PPDU 1800 are the same as the definitions of the corresponding fields of the MF OFDM PPDU 1500 in FIG. 15 , so description will be omitted.
  • the MF OFDM PPDU 1803 is not followed by another MF OFDM PPDU, so the Additional PPDU field of the non-legacy header field 1813 of the MF OFDM PPDU 1803 is set to 0, while the MF SC PPDUs 1801 and 1802 are followed by another MF OFDM PPDU, so the Additional PPDU field of the non-legacy header fields 1807 and 1811 are set to 1. Note that the Additional PPDU field in the legacy header included in the legacy header field 1806 is set to 0, so that the MF OFDM A-PPDU 1800 will be received as a conventional LF OFDM PPDU by a legacy device.
  • all fields of the MF OFDM A-PPDU 1800 are transmitted using the 2.16 GHz standard channel bandwidth.
  • the legacy STF 1804 , legacy CEF 1805 , legacy header field 1806 , non-legacy header fields 1807 , 1811 , and 1813 , non-legacy STF 1808 , AGC subfield 1815 , and TRN-R/T subfield 1816 are transmitted by SC modulation, while the non-legacy CEF 1809 and data fields 1810 , 1812 , and 1814 are transmitted by OFDM modulation.
  • sampling rate conversion processing is performed at the boundary between the data field 1810 and the non-legacy header field 1811 , at the boundary between the non-legacy header field 1811 and the data field 1812 , at the boundary between the data field 1812 and the non-legacy header field 1813 , and at the boundary between the non-legacy header field 1813 and the data field 1814 .
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of the format of an MF OFDM A-PPDU 1900 transmitted at the variable channel bandwidth that is double the standard channel bandwidth B, according to the present disclosure.
  • the MF OFDM A-PPDU 1900 is made up of three MF OFDM PPDUs 1901 , 1902 , and 1903 .
  • the MF OFDM PPDUs are linked without an IFS or preamble therebetween, and include non-legacy header fields and data fields.
  • the MF OFDM PPDU 1901 disposed at the start of the MF OFDM A-PPDU 1900 includes a non-legacy header field 1907 , data field 1910 , legacy STF 1904 , legacy CEF 1905 , legacy header field 1906 , non-legacy STF 1908 , and non-legacy CEF 1909 .
  • the MF OFDM PPDU 1903 disposed at the end of the MF OFDM A-PPDU 1900 includes a non-legacy header field 1913 , a data field 1914 , an optional AGC subfield 1915 , and an optional TRN-R/T 1916 .
  • Definitions of the legacy STF 1904 , legacy CEF 1905 , legacy header field 1906 , non-legacy header fields 1907 , 1911 , and 1913 , non-legacy STF 1908 , non-legacy CEF 1909 , AGC subfield 1915 , and TRN-R/T subfield 1916 are the same as the definitions of the corresponding fields of the MF OFDM PPDU 1600 in FIG. 16 , so description will be omitted.
  • the MF OFDM PPDU 1903 is not followed by another MF OFDM PPDU, so the Additional PPDU field of the non-legacy header field 1913 of the MF OFDM PPDU 1903 is set to 0, while the MF OFDM PPDUs 1901 and 1902 are followed by other MF OFDM PPDUs 1902 and 1903 , so the Additional PPDU field of the non-legacy header fields 1907 and 1911 are set to 1.
  • the Additional PPDU field of the legacy header included in the legacy header field 1906 is set to 0, so that the MF OFDM A-PPDU 1900 will be received as a conventional LF OFDM PPDU by a legacy device.
  • the legacy STF 1904 , legacy CEF 1905 , legacy header field 1906 , and non-legacy header fields 1907 , 1911 , and 1913 are duplicated, and transmitted by the standard channel bandwidth B (i.e., 2.16 GHz), each with a frequency offset B/2 that is half band of the standard channel bandwidth B (i.e., 1.08 GHz).
  • the non-legacy STF 1908 , non-legacy CEF 1909 , data fields 1910 , 1912 , and 1914 , AGC subfield 1915 , and TRN-R/T subfield 1916 are transmitted at the variable channel bandwidth 2 B that is a band double the standard channel bandwidth B (i.e., 4.32 GHz).
  • legacy STF 1904 , legacy CEF 1905 , legacy header field 1906 , non-legacy header fields 1907 , 1911 , and 1913 , non-legacy STF 1908 , AGC subfield 1915 , and TRN-R/T subfield 1916 are transmitted by SC modulation, while the non-legacy CEF 1909 and data fields 1910 , 1912 , and 1914 are transmitted by OFDM modulation.
  • sampling rate conversion processing is performed at the boundary between the data field 1910 and the non-legacy header field 1911 , at the boundary between the non-legacy header field 1911 and the data field 1912 , at the boundary between the data field 1912 and the non-legacy header field 1913 , and at the boundary between the non-legacy header field 1913 and the data field 1914 .
  • FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating an example of the format of an MF SC A-PPDU 2000 transmitted at the variable channel bandwidth that is double the standard channel bandwidth, according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the MF SC A-PPDU 2000 is made up of three MF SC PPDUs 2001 , 2002 , and 2003 .
  • the MF SC PPDUs are linked without an IFS or preamble therebetween, and include non-legacy header fields and data fields.
  • the data fields include at least one of audio, video, and data.
  • the MF SC PPDU 2001 disposed at the start of the MF SC A-PPDU 2000 includes a non-legacy header field 2007 , data field 2010 , legacy STF 2004 , legacy CEF 2005 , legacy header field 2006 , non-legacy STF 2008 , and non-legacy CEF 2009 .
  • the MF SC PPDU 2003 disposed at the end of the MF SC A-PPDU 2000 includes a non-legacy header field 2013 , a data field 2014 , an optional AGC subfield 2015 , and an optional TRN-R/T subfield 2016 .
  • legacy STF 2004 Definitions of the legacy STF 2004 , legacy CEF 2005 , legacy header field 2006 , non-legacy STF 2008 , non-legacy CEF 2009 , AGC subfield 2015 , and TRN-R/T subfield 2016 are the same as the definitions of the corresponding fields of the MF SC A-PPDU 1400 in FIG. 14 , so description will be omitted.
  • the non-legacy header field of the MF SC PPDU 2001 disposed at the start is transmitted by the standard channel bandwidth B
  • the non-legacy header fields 2011 and 2013 of the MF SC PPDUs 2002 and 2003 disposed at the second sequential order and thereafter are transmitted by the variable channel bandwidth 2 B.
  • the non-legacy header field 2007 is duplicated, and each is transmitted by the standard channel bandwidth B (i.e., 2.16 GHz), each with a frequency offset B/2 that is half band of the standard channel bandwidth B (i.e., 1.08 GHz), but the non-legacy header fields 2011 and 2013 are transmitted at the variable channel bandwidth 2 B that is a band double the standard channel bandwidth B (i.e., 4.32 GHz).
  • a GI 2022 a is added to the end of the final SC block 2017 of the non-legacy header field 2007
  • no GI 2023 a is added to the end of the final SC blocks 2019 and 2020 of the non-legacy header fields 2011 and 2013 .
  • FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating an example of a detailed configuration of an SC block in a non-legacy header field according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. Illustrated in FIG. 21 are a symbol count N GI of a GI when using the standard channel bandwidth, a symbol count N NLH of non-legacy header per SC block when using the standard channel bandwidth, GI period T GI , non-legacy header period T NLH , and ratio of standard channel bandwidth and variable channel bandwidth (i.e., variable channel bandwidth/standard channel bandwidth) R CB .
  • FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an MF SC A-PPDU transmission device 2200 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the transmission device 2200 has a baseband signal processing unit 2201 , a DAC 2202 , an RF frontend 2203 , and an antenna 2204 .
  • the baseband signal processing unit 2201 further includes a scrambler 2205 , an LDPC encoder 2206 , a modulator 2207 , a duplicating unit 2208 , a symbol blocking unit 2209 , and a GI insertion unit 2210 .
  • the transmission device 2200 has the same configuration as the transmission device 300 except for the duplicating unit 2208 , symbol blocking unit 2209 , and GI insertion unit 2210 , so description will be omitted.
  • FIG. 23 may be used when the duplicating unit 2208 duplicates the non-legacy header 2100 .
  • an (R CB ⁇ 1) count of non-legacy headers is duplicated in the SC block, and linked with a time difference of N NLH symbols, so the duplicating unit 2208 generates three duplicated non-legacy headers 2101 , 2102 , and 2103 with delays of 1 ⁇ N NLH symbols, 2 ⁇ N NLH symbols, and 3 ⁇ N NLH symbols, as to the non-legacy header 2100 , and the non-legacy header 2100 that has been provided as input signals is composited with the duplicated non-legacy headers 2101 , 2102 , and 2103 .
  • the selector 2303 selects input signals of port 4 .
  • the symbol blocking unit 2209 generates symbol blocks in increments of an R CB ⁇ N NLH count with regard to the non-legacy header fields 2007 , 2011 , and 2013 , and generates symbol blocks in increments of an R CB ⁇ N D count with regard to the data fields 2010 , 2012 , and 2014 .
  • the GI insertion unit 2210 adds a GI of R CB ⁇ N GI symbols to the start of the symbol block, thereby generating an SC block. Note that the order of the modulator 2207 and the duplicating unit 2208 may be reversed.
  • the non-legacy header fields 2011 and 2013 and the data fields 2010 , 2012 , and 2014 are transmitted by the same channel bandwidth, with the exception of the non-legacy header field 2007 of the MF SC PPDU 2001 disposed at the start, so adding of the GI 2022 a to the end of the final SC blocks 2019 and 2020 of the non-legacy header fields 2011 and 2013 can be omitted, and also adding of the GI 2023 a to the end of the final SC blocks 2018 and 2024 of the data fields 2010 and 2012 can be omitted with the exception of the data field 2014 of the MF SC PPDU 2003 disposed at the end, Note that the GI 2023 a may be added to the ends of the data fields 2010 , 2012 , and 2014 .
  • transmission efficiency can be improved as compared to the MF SC A-PPDU 1400 illustrated in FIG. 14 .
  • sampling rate conversion processing becomes unnecessary at the boundary between the data field 2010 and non-legacy header field 2011 , at the boundary between the non-legacy header field 2011 and the data field 2012 , at the boundary between the data field 2012 and the non-legacy header field 2013 , and at the boundary between the non-legacy header field 2013 and the data field 2014 , so consumption of electric power can be reduced.
  • FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating an example of the format of an MF ODM A-PPDU 2400 transmitted at the standard channel bandwidth, according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the MF OFDM A-PPDU 2400 is made up of three MF OFDM PPDUs 2401 , 2402 , and 2403 .
  • the MF OFDM PPDUs are linked without an IFS or preamble therebetween, and include non-legacy header fields and data fields.
  • the MF OFDM PPDU 2401 disposed at the start of the MF OFDM A-PPDU 2400 includes a non-legacy header field 2407 , data field 2410 , legacy STF 2404 , legacy CEF 2405 , legacy header field 2406 , non-legacy STF 2408 , and non-legacy CEF 2409 .
  • the non-legacy STF 2408 and non-legacy CEF 2409 may be omitted, since the AGC level adjusted at the legacy STF 2404 and channel estimation results obtained at the legacy CEF 2405 can be used in the data fields 2410 , 2412 , and 2414 .
  • the MF OFDM PPDU 2403 disposed at the end of the MF OFDM A-PPDU 2400 includes a non-legacy header field 2413 , a data field 2414 , an optional AGC subfield 2415 , and an optional TRN-R/T subfield 2416 .
  • Definitions of the legacy STF 2404 , legacy CEF 2405 , legacy header field 2406 , legacy header field 2406 , non-legacy STF 2408 , AGC subfield 2415 , and TRN-R/T subfield 2416 , of the MF OFDM A-PPDU 2400 are the same as the definitions of the corresponding fields of the MF OFDM PPDU 1800 in FIG. 18 , so description will be omitted.
  • the difference between the MF OFDM A-PPDU 1800 in FIG. 18 and the MF OFDM A-PPDU 2400 in FIG. 24 will be described below.
  • the non-legacy header field 2407 of the MF OFDM PPDU 2401 disposed at the start is transmitted by SC modulation, but the non-legacy header fields 2411 and 2413 of the MF OFDM PPDU 2402 and 2403 disposed at the second sequential order and thereafter are transmitted by OFDM modulation.
  • a GI 2420 a is added to the end of the final SC block 2417 of the non-legacy header field 2407 , but adding the GI 2420 a to the ends of the final OFDM symbols 2418 and 2419 of the non-legacy header fields 2411 and 2413 can be omitted. Also, sampling rate conversion processing can be omitted at the boundary between the data field 2410 and non-legacy header field 2411 , between the non-legacy header field 2411 and the data field 2412 , between the data field 2412 and the non-legacy header field 2413 , and at the boundary between the non-legacy header field 2413 and the data field 2414 .
  • FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating an example of the format of an MF OFDM A-PPDU 2500 transmitted at the variable channel bandwidth that is double the standard channel bandwidth, according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the MF OFDM A-PPDU 2500 is made up of three MF OFDM PPDUs 2501 , 2502 , and 2503 .
  • the MF OFDM PPDUs are linked without an IFS or preamble therebetween, and include non-legacy header fields and data fields.
  • the MF OFDM PPDU 2501 disposed at the start of the MF OFDM A-PPDU 2500 includes a non-legacy header field 2507 , data field 2510 , legacy STF 2504 , legacy CEF 2505 , legacy header field 2506 , non-legacy STF 2508 , and non-legacy CEF 2509 .
  • the MF OFDM PPDU 2503 disposed at the end of the MF OFDM A-PPDU 2500 includes a non-legacy header field 2513 , a data field 2514 , an optional AGC subfield 2515 , and an optional TRN-R/T subfield 2516 , Definitions of the legacy STF 2504 , legacy CEF 2505 , legacy header field 2506 , non-legacy STF 2508 , non-legacy CEF 2509 , data fields 2510 , 2512 , and 2514 , AGC subfield 2515 , and TRN-R/T subfield 2516 are the same as the definitions of the corresponding fields of the MF OFDM PPDU 1900 in FIG. 19 , so description will be omitted.
  • the non-legacy header field 2507 of the MF OFDM PPDU 2501 disposed at the start is transmitted by SC modulation using the standard channel bandwidth
  • the non-legacy header fields 2511 and 2513 of the MF OFDM PPDUs 2502 and 2503 disposed at the second sequential order and thereafter are transmitted by OFDM modulation using the variable channel bandwidth 2 B that is double the standard channel bandwidth B.
  • the non-legacy header field 2507 is duplicated, and each is transmitted by SC modulation using the standard channel bandwidth B (i.e., 2.16 GHz), each with a frequency offset B/2 that is half band of the standard channel bandwidth B (i.e., 1.08 GHz), but the non-legacy header fields 2511 and 2513 are transmitted by OFDM modulation using the variable channel bandwidth 2 B that is a band double the standard channel bandwidth B (i.e., 4.32 GHz).
  • a GI 2520 a is added to the end of the final SC block 2517 of the non-legacy header field 2507 , but adding the GI 2520 a to the end of the final OFDM symbols 2518 and 2519 of the non-legacy header fields 2511 and 2513 can be omitted. Also, sampling rate conversion processing can be omitted at the boundary between the data field 2510 and non-legacy header field 2511 , between the non-legacy header field 2511 and the data field 2512 , between the data field 2512 and the non-legacy header field 2513 , and at the boundary between the non-legacy header field 2513 and the data field 2514 .
  • FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating an example of subcarrier mapping at the non-legacy header fields 2711 and 2713 according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure. Illustrated in FIG. 26 are standard channel bandwidth B, a data subcarrier count N SNLH (symbol count of non-legacy header) when using the standard channel bandwidth B, and ratio of standard channel bandwidth and variable channel bandwidth (i.e., variable channel bandwidth/standard channel bandwidth) R CB .
  • standard channel bandwidth B a data subcarrier count N SNLH (symbol count of non-legacy header) when using the standard channel bandwidth B
  • ratio of standard channel bandwidth and variable channel bandwidth i.e., variable channel bandwidth/standard channel bandwidth
  • data subcarriers are illustrated in FIG. 26 for the sake of simplicity, DC subcarrier, pilot subcarrier, and guard band are also present in an actual MF OFDM PPDU.
  • the data subcarrier count increases proportionately to R CB in the MF OFDM PPDU, so the symbol count of non-legacy headers to be mapped to data subcarriers also increases proportionately to R CB .
  • the bit count of a non-legacy header is fixed, so increasing the symbol count of a non-legacy header in proportion to the R CB is difficult. Accordingly, an R CB count of non-legacy headers is duplicated, and mapped to an RC B ⁇ N SNLH count of data subcarriers.
  • FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an MF OFDM A-PPDU transmission device 2700 according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the transmission device 2700 has a baseband signal processing unit 2701 , a DAC 2702 , an RF frontend 2703 , and an antenna 2704 .
  • the baseband signal processing unit 2701 further includes a scrambler 2705 , an LDPC encoder 2706 , a modulator 2707 , a duplicating unit 2708 , a subcarrier mapping unit 2709 , an IFFT unit 2710 , and a GI insertion unit 2711 .
  • the transmission device 2700 has the same configuration as the transmission device 700 except for the duplicating unit 2708 , subcarrier mapping unit 2709 , IFFT unit 2710 , and GI insertion unit 2711 , so description will be omitted.
  • the duplicating unit 2708 duplicates an R CB count of the non-legacy header.
  • the subcarrier mapping unit 2709 maps non-legacy header 2521 in increments of an R CB ⁇ N SNLH count to data subcarriers with regard to the non-legacy header fields 2511 and 2513 , and maps payload data 2522 in increments of an R CB ⁇ N D count to data subcarriers with regard to data fields 2510 , 2512 , and 2514 .
  • the IFFT unit 2710 converts the non-legacy header 2521 or payload data 2522 subjected to subcarrier mapping at the frequency region into time region signals by IFFT processing of R CB ⁇ 512 points.
  • the GI insertion unit 2010 copies the last R CB ⁇ N GI samples of the output signals from the IFFT unit 2710 (GI 2523 ), and connects to the start of IFFT output signals, thereby generating OFDM symbols. Note that the order of the modulator 2707 and the duplicating unit 2708 may be reversed.
  • the non-legacy header fields and the data fields are transmitted by the same channel bandwidth using OFDM modulation, with the exception of the MF OFDM PPDU disposed at the start, so adding of a GI 2523 to the end of the non-legacy header field 2521 can be omitted, and rate conversion processing at the boundary between the non-legacy header field and data field becomes unnecessary, so consumption of electric power can be reduced.
  • the GI period of the SC block in the data field of an MF SC PPDU, or the GI period of OFDM symbols in the data field of an MF OFDM PPDU can be changed to short, normal, or long, by changing the settings of the GI Length field in the non-legacy header illustrated in FIG. 10 .
  • a method for generating an SC block for a non-legacy header field in a case of changing the GI period will be described with regard to the MF SC A-PPDU 2000 according to the first embodiment, illustrated in FIG. 20 .
  • the GI Length of the non-legacy header field 2007 of the MF SC PPDU 2001 disposed at the start is set to a desired value.
  • Changing of the GI Length is applied to the data field in a conventional MF SC PPDU, but in the third embodiment of the present disclosure, this is also applied to all fields from the data field 2010 of the MF SC PPDU 2001 disposed at the start of the MF SC A-PPDU 2000 and thereafter. That is to say, the change of the GI period is also applied to the non-legacy header fields ( 2011 , 2013 ) of the MF SC PPDUs ( 2002 , 2003 ) disposed at the second sequential order and thereafter.
  • the GI Length fields of the non-legacy header fields 2011 and 2013 of the MF SC PPDUs 2002 and 2003 disposed at the second sequential order and thereafter are set to the same value as the GI Length field of the non-legacy header field 2007 of the MF SC PPDU 2001 disposed at the start. Note that the GI period of non-legacy header field 2007 of the MF SC PPDU 2001 disposed at the start is normal regardless of the settings of the GI Length field, and is unchanged.
  • a method of generating an SC block of a non-legacy header field in an MF SC PPDU disposed at the second sequential order and thereafter in a case where the GI period has been changed to a short GI will be described below with reference to FIG. 28 .
  • the symbol count of a short GI is a count that is N S symbols less than a normal GI.
  • Step S 2801 A 64-bit non-legacy header is scrambled, and 64 bits of scrambler output signals are obtained.
  • Step S 2802 440 (i.e., 504 ⁇ 64) bits of 0s are added to the end of the 64 bits of scrambler output signals, and an LDPC codeword that has a codelength of 672 bits is obtained by 3/4 code rate LDPC encoding.
  • Step S 2803 The 440 ⁇ N S /R CB bits of bits 65 through 504 , and the eight bits of bits 665 through 672 , are deleted from the LDPC codeword, thereby obtaining a first bit sequence of 224+N S /R CB .
  • Step S 2804 The 440 ⁇ N S /R CB bits of bits 65 through 504 , and the eight bits of bits 657 through 664 , are deleted from the LDPC codeword, thereby obtaining a reserve bit sequence of 224+N S /R CB . Further, the XOR is computed for a PN (Pseudo random Noise) sequence obtained by initializing the shift register of the scrambler used in step S 2801 to all 1s and the reserve bit sequence, thereby obtaining a second bit sequence of 224+N S /R CB .
  • PN Pulseudo random Noise
  • Step S 2805 The first bit sequence and the second bit sequence are linked, thereby obtaining a third bit sequence of 448+N S .
  • Step S 2806 An R CB count of third bit sequence are linked, thereby obtaining a fourth bit sequence of R CB ⁇ (448+N s ) bits.
  • Step S 2807 The fourth bit sequence is subjected to ⁇ /2-BPSK modulation, thereby obtaining a symbol block of R CB ⁇ (448+N s ) symbols.
  • Step S 2808 A GI of R CB ⁇ (N GI ⁇ N S ) symbols is added to the start of the symbol block, thereby obtaining an SC block of R CB ⁇ (N GI +448) symbols. Note that the order of step S 2807 and step S 2808 may be reversed.
  • the N S in step S 2801 through step S 2808 should be read as ⁇ N L , since a long GI has N L more symbols than a normal GI.
  • the GI period and non-legacy header period in the SC block can be changed in accordance with the settings of the GI Length field settings of the non-legacy header, so transmission path situations can be flexibly handled.
  • a transmission device includes: a signal processing circuit that generates an aggregate physical layer convergence protocol data unit (A-PPDU) by adding a guard interval to each of a first part of a first physical layer convergence protocol data unit (PPDU) transmitted over each of a first through L'th channel of a predetermined channel bandwidth, where L is an integer of 2 or greater, a second part of the first PPDU transmitted over each of an (L+1)'th through P'th channel, which is a variable channel bandwidth that is N times the predetermined channel bandwidth, where N is an integer of 2 or greater and P is an integer of L+1 or greater, and a second PPDU transmitted over the (L+1)'th through P'th channel; and a wireless circuit that transmits the A-PPDU.
  • A-PPDU aggregate physical layer convergence protocol data unit
  • the first PPDU includes a legacy STF, a legacy CEF, a legacy header field, a non-legacy STF, a non-legacy CEF, one or more non-legacy header fields including one or more non-legacy headers, and one or more data fields including one or more payload data.
  • the first part of the first PPDU includes the legacy STF, the legacy CEF, the legacy header field, and the non-legacy header field.
  • the second part of the first PPDU includes the non-legacy STF, the non-legacy CEF, and the one or more data fields.
  • the second PPDU includes the one or more non-legacy header fields and the one or more data fields.
  • each of the one or more non-legacy header fields of the second PPDU includes a non-legacy header that has been repeated N times.
  • a transmission device is the transmission device according to the first disclosure, wherein the signal processing unit adds the guard interval of N GI symbols (where N GI is an integer of 1 or greater) to the non-legacy header of N NLH symbols (where N NLH is an integer of 1 or greater), included in the one or more non-legacy header fields in the first part of the first PPDU, and adds the guard interval of (N GI +M) ⁇ N symbols (where M is an integer of 0 or greater) to the non-legacy header of N NLH ⁇ M symbols, and adds the guard interval of (N GI ⁇ M) ⁇ N symbols to the non-legacy header of N NLH +M symbols, included in the non-legacy header field in the second PPDU.
  • the signal processing unit adds the guard interval of N GI symbols (where N GI is an integer of 1 or greater) to the non-legacy header of N NLH symbols (where N NLH is an integer of 1 or greater), included in the one or more non-legacy
  • a transmission method includes: generating an aggregate physical layer convergence protocol data unit (A-PPDU) by adding a guard interval to each of a first part of a first physical layer convergence protocol data unit (PPDU) transmitted over each of a first through L'th channel of a predetermined channel bandwidth, where L is an integer of 2 or greater, a second part of the first PPDU transmitted over each of an (L+1)'th through P'th channel, which is a variable channel bandwidth that is N times the predetermined channel bandwidth, and a second PPDU transmitted over the (L+1)'th through P'th channel; and transmitting the A-PPDU.
  • A-PPDU aggregate physical layer convergence protocol data unit
  • the first PPDU includes a legacy STF, a legacy CEF, a legacy header field, a non-legacy STF, a non-legacy CEF, one or more non-legacy header fields including one or more non-legacy headers, and one or more data fields including one or more payload data.
  • the first part of the first PPDU includes the legacy STF, the legacy CEF, the legacy header field, and the non-legacy header field.
  • the second part of the first PPDU includes the non-legacy STF, the non-legacy CEF, and the one or more data fields.
  • the second PPDU includes the one or more non-legacy header fields and the one or more data fields.
  • each of the one or more non-legacy header fields of the second PPDU includes a non-legacy header that has been repeated N times.
  • a transmission method is the transmission device according to the third aspect, wherein the guard interval of N GI symbols (where N GI is an integer of 1 or greater) is added to the non-legacy header of N NLH symbols (where N NLH is an integer of 1 or greater), included in the one or more non-legacy header fields in the first part of the first PPDU, and wherein the guard interval of (N GI +M) ⁇ N symbols (where M is an integer of 0 or greater) is added to the non-legacy header of N NLH ⁇ M symbols, and the guard interval of (N GI ⁇ M) ⁇ N symbols is added to the non-legacy header of N NLH +M symbols, included in the non-legacy header field in the second PPDU.
  • LSI large scale integration
  • the circuit integration technique is not restricted to LSIs, and dedicated circuits or general-purpose processors may be used to realize the same.
  • An field programmable gate array (FPGA) which can be programmed after manufacturing the LSI, or a reconfigurable processor where circuit cell connections and settings within the LSI can be reconfigured, may be used.
  • the present disclosure is applicable to a method of configuring and transmitting A-PPDUs in a wireless communication system including a cellular device, smartphone, tablet terminal, and television terminal, that transmits and receives moving images (video), still images (pictures) text data, audio data, and control data.
  • a wireless communication system including a cellular device, smartphone, tablet terminal, and television terminal, that transmits and receives moving images (video), still images (pictures) text data, audio data, and control data.

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CN109565492A (zh) 2019-04-02
WO2018043368A1 (ja) 2018-03-08
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US20200305226A1 (en) 2020-09-24
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