US1068402A - Fountain-pen. - Google Patents

Description

P. W. HOWARD. FOUNTAIN PEN. APPLICATION PI'LBD MAR. 2, 1912.

WITNESSES. INI/E/V 70/? 4; ATTORNEY Patented July 22, 1913.

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v produce the partial vacuum effectively, it is fi th rich.

FRANK W. HOWARD, OF NEVJ YORK, N. Y.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 22., 191

Application filed March 2, 1912. Serial No. 681,121;

'To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK W. HOWARD, a citizen of the United States, and resident of New York cit in the countyof New York and State of Jew York, have invented certain-new and usefullmprovements in Fountain-Pens, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to fountain pens and is particularly applicable to fountain ensof the self-filling type.

e The. barrel of the pen is provided with a moving piston or plunger which is advanced in the barrel when the pen is to be filled in order to create a partial vacuun within the.

barrel into which the ink flows. In order to necessary toprovide an efiicient packing for the plunger or piston which will prevent theleakage of air past the plunger in the workessarily comes in contactwith the ink and is subject; to the destructive actionofthe acids a in the ink. It has been attempted to utilize leather as a material for this packing but the leather is attacked and destroyed by the ink.

The object of this invention is to produce a packing for the plunger which will resist the destructive action of the ink and at the same time which will be soft and pliable and give an efficient air-tightaction of the plunger on the working stroke and permitting leakage of air past the plunger on the reverse movement or'withdrawal of the plunger.

The invention resides in the packing substance or material with which I pack the plunger. 1n the drawing which fully illustrates my invention, Figurel is a longitudinal central section through a fountain pen of the type referred to above, and provided with a plunger or piston having a packing of my invention. Fig. 2 is a central section through the packing or paekingwasher showing the same removed from the plunger. i

The fountain pen comprises a barrel or ink reservoir 1, having a longitudinal bore 2 in which the plunger 3 moveslongitudinally, and near the forwardend the bore 2 cominunicates with a chamber 4 of enlarged diameter. The forward end of nozzle 5 of the most clearly in adjusts the valve 13 on its seat 7.

.subjecting it to the action of at which point suitable packing 9 is provided. The butt end of the pen is provided 1 with a threaded nipple 10 upon which screws a cap 11 Whichis rigid with the stern and may be formed integral therewith as shown.

The body of the plunger 3 is of slightly taered conical foriii as shown, the reduced end of the plunger being disposed toward ,the butt end of the pen. The forward side of the plunger 3 receives a threaded nipple .12 which is formed on the rear end of a valve or plug 13 having a conical point 14 adapted to come upon the seat 7 The stem 8 has a threaded engagement with the rear or re duced end. of the plunger 3.

By reason of the reduced diameter of the nipple 12 an annular shoulder 15 is formed on the plug or valve 13 and on this shoulder is received my packing 16, which is in the form of a cup-shaped washer, as indicated Fig. 2. This washer has an annular conical flange 17, .and a'disk body 18, with an opening 19, through which the threaded nipple 12 passes.

In the operation of the pen, the cap llis forced in suddenly so that'the piston or plunger advances toward the forward end of the barrel, creating a partial vacuum within the barrel. As the plunger passes into the enlarged chamber 4-, the ink flows in through the immersed end of the nozzle 5,"

through the duct 20, and flows around the piston or plunger into the barrel, being forced up into the barrel by the atmospheric pressure. When the ph nger is drawn to.-

.ward the butt end of the pen, the air leaks past the .plunger. After the reservoir is filled the feeding of the ink is reg ilated by screwing the cap 11 onto nipple 10. This the pen reservoir is partially filled, the packing 1.6 is in contact with the ink and subject to the destructive action of the ink.

A s long as In order to produce a packing which will.

resist: the action of the ink, I produce a packing washer of substantially the shape shown in Fig.2, and form the same out of red vulcanized rubber of a suitable quality. As this material isrelatively hard, it can readily be given the desired shape by cutting tools. 'In order to adaptthe washer for use in ink, it is then softened, preferably'by stance at a high temperature. For this pur pose, 1t 18 preferable to use a vegetable oil,

an oily sub:

- pansion of the material treatment.

gradually to about 300 such as linseed oil. The heating should be accomplished. by stages. The best results are secured by placing the washers in cold raw linseed oil and raising l3. This raising of the temperature should consume about a half hour. The Washers should then be left in the oilwith the temperature maintained at 865 F. for about three to five hours or longer, depending upon the thickness of the washers, and upon the and flexibility desired. The temperature should preferably then be raised quite rapidly to about 400 F. and maintained at 400 for ten or fifteen minutes or longer. VVashers of a thickness of 25/1000 to 60/1000 of an inch will require the temperature of 365" to be maintained for about six hours. Vvashers having greater thickness would require a longer time. If the same bath of oil is used repeatedly, it becomes thicker and requires a longer time to accomplish the results, but is still useful. A considerable extakes place in this \Vashers of a. thickness of wall of .053 of an inch expand to a thickness of about .065 of an inch.

After treating the washers as described above, I immerse them in parathn wax at a temperature of from 212 to 300 F. for

about ten minutes immediately after taking them from the oil. This has the effect of preventing evaporation of the oil at the surface of the Washers and also tends to make the washers work smoothly in the barrel of the pen.

A variation may be made in the oil treatment by immersing the washers in oil at 365 F. and maintaining this temperature for two to three hours, and then rapidly raising the temperature to 480 F. for a few degree of softness the temperature 5 l l l i i l l l l i stance.

moments; and then reducing thdtempelature toabout 400 to 410 F. This has the effect of making the finished washers tougher but seems to reduce their durability in use.

I believe that the resisting effect of the soft rubber washer is dueto the impregna; tion of the pores of the rubber with oily sub- But it may be an inherent property of softened vulcanized hard rubber.

If the washers are placed in oil already at a high temperature, or if the temperature is raised too suddenly, to a high tempera ture, the-washers will often crack or burst, or lose their shape. Sudden raising of the temperature tends to toughen the but it loses thereby in elastic qualities.

What I claim and ters Patent is:

1. A fountain pen comprising an ink reservoir, a plunger movable in said reservoir, and a softened vulcanized porous rubber \vasher carried by said plunger, said Washer having its pores impregnated. with an oily substance, thereby producing a Washer impervious to ink and flexible.

2. A fountain pen comprising an ink reservoir, a. plunger movable in said reservoir, and a softened vulcanized porous rubber Washer carried by said plunger, saidwasher havingits pores impregnated with an oily substance and having a waxen exterior surface, and thereby producing a Washer mpervious to ink and flexible. v

Signed at New York city in the county of New York and State day of March A. D. 1912.

FRANK w. HOWARD.

rubber,

desire to secure by Let

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