US1057334A

US1057334A - Method of attaching rubber to metals.

Info

Publication number: US1057334A
Application number: US67836512A
Authority: US
Inventors: Leo Daft
Original assignee: Electro Chemical Rubber & Manufacturing Co
Current assignee: Electro-Chemical Rubber & Manufacturing Co; Electro Chemical Rubber & Manufacturing Co
Priority date: 1912-02-17
Filing date: 1912-02-17
Publication date: 1913-03-25
Anticipated expiration: 1930-03-25

Description

NITED STATES PATENT OFFIGE.

LEO DAFT, OF RUTHERFORD, NEW JERSEY, ASSIG-NOR TO ELECTED-CHEMICAL RUBBER & MANUFACTURING. COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

7 METHOD OF ATTACHING RUBBER '10 METALS.

No Drawing.

' Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 25, 1913.

Application filed February 17, 1912. Serial No. 678,365.

To all whom it may concern Bedtknown that I, LEO DAFT, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and a resident of Rutherford, in the county of Bergen, State of New Jersey, have invented a new and Improved Method of Attaching Rubber to Metals, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a method of at-:

taching rubber to metals by direct vulcanization of the rubber upon the surface of the metal,'so as to produce a, chemical combination between the constituents of the rubber and of the metal to which it is attached.

I have described in my application filed concurrently herewith, Serial No. 67 8,364 a method of attaching rubber to metals provided the metal contains bismuth or bismuth and arsenic; and I have there also described a method of electroplating the surface of the metal with alloys of bismuth or bismuth and arsenic, in the event that the metal does not contain these substances-v I have not, however, claimed the method therein set forth of producing the electrolyte, nor this method in combination with the method of producing the electrolyte and it is to these matters that the present application is more particularly directed.

Inasmuch as the alloy which'is to be plated upon the article to which the rubber is to be attached should contain it'smetal constituents in certain definite proportions (which, however, may be varied according 'to the composition of the .rubber compound), and inasmuch as it is highly desirable to'obtain a deposit containing these metals in these proportions with certainty, it is very important to so proceed in the making of the electrolyte that none of its constituent elements shall be precipitated out of solution, except to the-lextent of the excess over the articular quantity desired. The method prefer to acccmpllsh these results is the following:

If the alloy which is to be'plated upon the exact proportions of the various ingredients article to which the rubber'is to be attached is to contain bismuth without the addition of arsenic, I first cast an alloy of copper, zinc and bismuth, in the following proportions: ='copper, parts; zinc, 37 parts; bis- -muth, 3 parts. This alloy I dissolvein a strong oxidizing agent, such as hot nitric acid (s ecific gravity 42 Baum). This gives a ight blue, turbid fluid, which I neutralize by the addition of ammonia or other similar agent, thus producing aclear dark blue. solution, to whlch I add sufficient potassium cyanid to clear the fluid and to make the same strongly alkaline.- The resulting liquid, after the addition of the potassium cyanid, is a light yellow. When, however, it

is desired to include arsenic" as well as bismuth in the alloy to be plated, I preferto make an alloy of copper, zinc, bismuth and arsenic, in the following proportions: copper, 60 parts; zinc, 38 parts; bismuth, 1 part; arsenic, 1 part. This alloy is made by .first fusing together the copper, zinc and bismuth, andthen adding the arsenic in the form of a powder, after which the whole should be well puddled before pouring. I

then proceed in the same manner as when copper, zinc and bismuth alone are used, by dissolving the alloy in hot nitric acid, adding ammonia and performing the same operations as in the previous case. The liquid produced in either case is diluted with sufficient water 'to' form the electrolyte, at about a specific gravity of 1.040. The article to which the rubber is to be attached is then placed in the electrolyte and electroplated in any preferred manner. I prefer to use a current of about .6 amperes per square decimeter of surface to be plated,'at a voltage of from 3% to 6 volts, but these values may be varied within wide limits. The anodes used in each case consist of the alloy described above, viz., where copper, zinc and bismuth are used in tlie electro1yte,.the anodes are: copper, 60 parts; zinc, 37 parts; bismuth, 3

parts, and where arsenic is used as well as bismuth, the anode I prefer to use is: copper, 6Q parts; zinc, 38 parts; arsenic, 1 part;

bismuth, 1 part. The article thus plated is then thoroughly cleaned and is brought into contact with the rubber and vulcamzed under pressure at a high temperature, say 250 to 320 Fahrenheit.

I do not intend to confine myself to the -Many, if not all, of the ingredients have well known chemical equivalents, and

equivalent reactions may be obtained. It

is evident that many, if not all of these things may be varied within relatively wide attaching the rubber limits without departing from thespirit of my invention. I

What I claim and desire to procure by Letters Patent is:

1. Themethod of attaching rubber to metals which consists in electroplating the article to which it is desired to attach the rubber in an electrolyte made from a plurality of metals one of which is bismuth, obtaining a deposit containing bismuth, and to 'the surface thus formed, by vulcanization. i

2. The method of attaching rubber to metals which consists in electroplating the article to which it is desired toattach the rubber in an electrolyte made from a plurality of metals two of which are bismuth and copper, obtaining a deposit containing bismuth and copper, her to the surface thus formed, by vulcanization.

3. The methodv of attaching rubber to metals which consists in electroplating the article to which it is desired to attach the rubber in an electrolyte made from a plurality of metals three of which are bismuth,-

copper and zinc, obtaining a deposit containing bismuth, copper and zinc, and attaching the rubber to the surface thus formed, by vulcanization.

4. The method of attaching rubber to metals which consists in electroplating the article to which it is desired to attach the rubber, in an electrolyte made from a plurahty of metals two of which are bismuth and arsenic obtaining a deposit containing bismuth and arsenic, and attaching the rubber to thesurface thus formed, by vulcanization.

5. The method of attaching rubber to" metals which consists in electroplating the article to which it is desired to attach the rubber in an electrolyte made from a plurality of metals three of which are bismuth, arsenic and copper, obtaining a deposit containing bismuth, arsenic and copper, and attaching the rubberto the surface thus formed, by vulcanization.

6. The method of attaching rubber to.

metals which consists in electroplating the article to .which it is desired to attach the rubber in an electrolyte madefrom a plurality of metals four of which are bismuth, arsenic, copper and zinc, obtaining a deposit containing bismuth, arsenic, copper and zinc,

and attaching the rub- -my name in the presence of and attaching the rubber to the surfacethus formed, by vulcanization.

7. The method of attaching rubber to metals which consists in electroplating the "article to which it is desired to attach the rubber in an electrolyte made from a cast alloy containing bismuth, obtaining a deposit of said alloy and vulcanizing the rubber directly upon the surface thus produced.'

8. The method metals which consists in of attaching rubber to electroplating the article to which it is desired to attach the rubber in an electrolyte made from a cast alloy containing bismuth and copper obtai-ning a deposit of said alloy and vu canizing the rubber thus produced.

9. The method of attaching rubber to metals which consists in electroplating the article to which-it is desired to attach the rubber in an electrolyte made from a cast alloy containing bismuth, copper and zinc, obtaining a deposit of said alloy and vulcanizing the rubberdirectly upon the surface thus produced.

10. The method of attaching rubber to metals which consists in electroplating the article to which it is desired to attach the rubber in an electrolyte made from a cast alloy containin bismuth and arsenic, obtaining a deposit of said alloy and vulcanizin the rubber directly. upon the surface thus'produced. J

11. The method of attaching rubber .to metals which consists in electroplating the article to which it is desired to attach the rubber in an electrolyte made from a cast bismuth, arsenic and copalloy containing per, obtainin a deposit of said alloy and vulcanizing t e rubber. directly upon the surface thus produced.

12. The method of metals' which consists, in electroplating the article to which it desired to attach the rubber in an electrolyte made from a cast alloy containing bismuth, arsenic, copper and zinc, obtainin a deposit of said alloy and vulcanizing t%e rubber directly upon the surface thus produced.-

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed two witnesses. LEO DAFT.

Witnesses: m

. WALTER S. Jones,

MARGARET MAOINTYRE.

directly upon the surface attaching rubber to