US1053282A - Device for refining and coking oil. - Google Patents

Description

v A. DEAN.

DEVICE FOR REFINING AND OOKING OIL. APPLICATION FILED MAY 25, 1912.

2 SHEETSBHEET 1.

44 3 1% y 5+ M F 1 Patented Feb. 13, 19135 A. DEAN.

nnvmr: EOE REFINING, AND 001mm 01L.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 26, 1912. 1,053,282.

Patented Feb. 18, 1913.,

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Drew/0, 7 arm/M W m? Mai/2695a? ALEXANDER DEAN, or Los ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

\ DEVICE FOR REFINING AND GOKING OIL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 18,1913.

Application filed May 25, 1912. Serial 1i'o. 699,656.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALnxANnnn DEAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los An eles, in the county of Los Angeles, State of aalifornia, have invent-ed new and useful Improvements in Devices for Refining and Coking Oil, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an apparatus in which ordinary crude oil may be fefined separated by distillation into its various componentsand the residue formed into commercial coke; and the chief object of the invention is the provision of a suitable apparatus which will carry on such process in a simple commercially workable manner, and which provides for the carrying on of other and subsidiary operations, such as the smelting of black-sand iron or other ore.

My apparatus consists in suitable furnaces aving primary and secondary stills arranged thereabove; and there are certain spaces directly above and also within the' combustion chambers of the furnaces where a high temperature may be obtained for the final coking of my product and for melting and reducing ores under conditions similar to those in a reverberatoiy furnace. My process, as carried out in this apparatus, consists in first passing the crude oil into the upper or primary still, where it is heated and the lighter distillation products given oil the residue is then passed into the secondary stills and the heavier distillation products driven off. The residue'of the sec ondary stills may be of a consistency varying betweenv heavy pitch and an almost solid coke-like substance. This residue is removed from the secondary stills by a device of my own invention and is put into coking boxes of peculiar design. These coking boxes are then placed in the coking compartment of the furnace and the gases driven off add their fuel values to the fur nace fuel. When the residue has beenthoroughly coked the boxes are removed from the furnace; and these boxes are of a construction to be easily 0 ened out so thacthe coke may be removed therefrom without difliculty. The object and result of thisarrangement is to handle the residue in an efiioient manner. The residue is taken from the secondary stills while semi-liquid (thus obviating any necessity-of breaking up the solid deposit which commonly collects in stills), and the coking operation in the boxes lat-ion outlet heavy residue from the secondary stills.

Fig. 4 is a section taken as indicated byline 44 of Fig. 2. Figs. 5 and 6 are details illustrating the preferred construction of my cokingboxes.

In the drawings 10 designates a' suitable brickwork or other structure which incloses the various compartments of my apparatus. I provide lowermost reverbcratory furnace compartment 11, in which I may place suitable ore boxes 12. Immediately above compartment 11 I arrange suitable coking compartments 13 in which coking boxes 14 are causes the formation of coke in lump or placed with their heavy residues. Above coking compartment 13 the longitudinal These secondary stills have removable covers or heads 16 on their forward ends and have distillation outlets 17 leading toa manifold pipe 18, through which outletsand pipe the distillation products find exit to suitable condensing apparatus. 19 are arranged above the spaces between the secondary stills 15, and open spaces or passages 20 serve to conduct the heated gases of combustion into contact with the primary stills; but it is an object of my construction that the primary stills be heated to a temperature lower than that to which the'secondary stills are heated. Dampers20 are provided for more or less cutting off the pas sage of flame and heated gases through the passages 20. The primary stills have distilpipes 21 leading to a suitable manifold 22. Outlet pipes 17 and 21 are each individually controlled by a valve 23 or 24.. Each of the primary stills is provided with inlet means 25; and each primary still has a valve controlled connection 26 to two adjacentsecondarv stills 15. Each primary and secondary st ll has a valve controlled outlet 27 through which samples of the interior contents may be drawn from time to time and through which emptied if desired.

the stills may be horizontal secondary stills 15 are arranged.

Along the front of my apparatus I preferably provide a movable car 30 on which a coking box is may be carried to a position put directl into the box; as when it is first mixed wit 1. ore, the ore and residue being then put into the furnace and the ore there by reduced). The movable car 30 facilitates this coke handling operation. A suit: able'burner, preferably using crude oil, is

- shown M135; and the flame from this burner will be projected rearwardly through the combustion chamber 11 and the'heated gases of combustion will rise through passage 11 up into the coking chamber 13.- The coking boxes 14 are arranged so that they bridge portions of the opening l1), and are thereby more or less directly exposed to the heat in the combustion chamber.

For removing the heavy residuefrom the *secondary stills .15, I employ a novel apparatus which cuts'and forces the material from the stillf I utilize :1 preferably ci'rcu-- lar cutter ill'having cutting members 41 which rotatably scrape the interior surface of the still so that the residue is cleanlyremoved therefrom. A shaft 42 extends longitudinally through the still from its forward end, the cutter being normally at the rear end of'the still. At its forward "end the shaft 42'connects, by means of a releasable socket 43, to a screw shaft as which is operated by a suitable gearing and power device 45 mounted on a truck -16 movable along a track at to a position in front of any of the secondary stills. A re leasable anchor device 48 provides for se curely holding the truck in position before any of the secondary stills. The screw shaft 44 has a keyway 50 which is engaged by a key 51in the hub of a gear 52. Gear 52 meshes with a gear 53 loosely mounted on shaft 54 of motor 55. Another geared engages the screw theads of shaft 44-11; and this gear meshes with a gear, 57 also loosely mounted on shaft 54. Either of gears 53 or 57 "maybe connected with the motor shaft through the medium of a suitable clutch mechanism 58. It will be seen' thaticonnectingt-he gear 53 with the motor shaft will cause the rotation of screw shaft 44 and of cutter 40; while the. connection of gear 57 with the motor shaft will cause the 1ongitudinal movement of the cutter 40. Thus, the cutter may be rotated to cut the material from the walls of the secondary. stills and may be moved longitudinally to move the material out of the still and into the coking boxes.

The construction of thecoking boxes is shown in Figs. 5 and 6. I employ a suitable base plate on which vertical side plates 61 are mounted. These side plates have prongs 62 which project through openings (33 in the base plate and thus hold the lower ends of the side plates 61 in position. The upper-ends of the side plates are held together by means of a. loose band 64: resting on ledges 65 on the side plates A perfo rated cover 66'is provided, the perforations allowing the passage of gases from the material in the coking boxes.

In the operation of my device I first plac within the primary still a suitable quantity of crude oil, filling the stills approximately to two thirds of their capacities. When the lighter distillation product has been vaporized and driven oil, and the specific gravity of the residue in the still correspondingly increased, the residue is then passed into the lower or secondary stills. The heavier distillation products are there driven oil until the residue is of very heavy consist-- ency. This residue is then removed from the secondary still as hereinbefore described and placed in the coking boxes. The coking boxes are placed in the coking compartment; and the gases given off add to the fuel from furnace 35. lVhcn the coking operation is completed the boxes are withdrawn and the tops 66 and the bandsti removed, when the sides may be laid outwardly-and downwardly and the coke easily removed from the box in lump or cake form-which form is commercially most desired.

I may mention here that I may use the heavy residue from the secondary stills as a binder, flux or reducing agent for ore which I may melt or reduce in the box 12. This operation may be carried on continu ously along with the others described; it be ing understood that the operation of my apparatus is continuous, the stills being preferably charged in rotation rather than simultaneously. r

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. In combination, afurnace structure having a suitable coking chamber therein, a still arranged above the coking chamber, and a movable coking box adapted to receive the residue from the still and-to be and placing it in tliecoking box.

3. In combination, a furnace structure having a combustion chamber and a coking chamber above said combustion chamber 7 place it in the coking box.

4. In combination, a furnace structure having a combustion chamber and acoking chamber above said combustion chamber with a passage between the two, a still arranged above the coking" chamber over the passageleading' thereto, means for carrying the coking box to a position before the still, and means for removing distillation residue from the still into the coking box.

5. In combination, a furnace structure having a combustion chamber and a coking chamber above said combustion chamber with a passage between the two, primary and secondary stills arranged above the coking chamber, vapor outlets from said stills, connecting means between said primary and secondary stills, adapted for placement in the coking compartment, means for carrying said boxes collapsible coking boxes to a position in front of and below the secondary still, and means for removing dis tillation residue from said secondary still into said box.

having a suitable coking chamber therein, a still arranged to be heated by said furnace, and a disjointable container adapted to receive the residue from the still and to be placed in the coking chamber.

7. In combination, a furnace having a combustion chamber and a suitable heating compartment directly connected therewith, me still arranged to be heated by said furnace, and a container adapted to receive the residue from the still and to be placed in 'said heating chamber.

In witness that I claim the foregoing I have. hereunto-subscribed my name this 16th day of May 1912.

. ALEXANDER DEAN.

Witnesses:

JAMES T'. BARKELEW, Enwoon H. BARKELEW.

6. In combination, a furnace structure

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