US1170313A - Process of burning carbon electrodes. - Google Patents

Description

F. NAGELSCHMITZ..

PRocEss'oF BURNING CARBON ELECTRUDES.

APPLICATIWN FILED FEB. I5. 1915.

Patented Feb. 1, 1916.

1111111... .1 N: \1 Ausw a f TED STATES PATENT orrr a FRANZ NAGELsoHMITz, or MUNICH, GERMANY, AssIGNoR 'ro THE FIRMoF y MENDHEIM, or MUNICH, GERMANY. j

GEORG' PROCESS OF BURNING CARBON ELEC'IIRODES.Y

Application led February 15, 1915. Serial N o. 8,138.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANZ NAGnLsoHMrrz, a citizen of the German Empire, and residing at Munich, Bavaria, German Empire, have invented a certain new and useful Process of Burning Carbon Electrodes, of which the followingis a full, clear, and exact description.

The present invention relates to a process of producing artificial coal, lightingl coal and especially carbon-electrodes.

Electrodes are usually produced by mixing together anthracite or petrol coke and. tar, subjecting this mixture to pressure, usually in a hydraulic press, to give it the desired form, and thereafter heating the formed bodies in a furnace to render them electrically conductive. The electrodes inserted in the furnace may and generally do vary widely as to size andform, to suit the particular needs of the occasion, but in all cases, formed or molded bodies are placed into the furnace, and are heated therein out of contact with air.

According to this invention the volatilel constituents of the tar, hitherto escaping when producing the carbon-electrodes, z'. e. being drawn off with the smoke gases and acting very disadvantageously, are collected and used for heating of the furnaces, or for such other purposes as may be desired.

Another object of the invention consists in the protection of the carbon electrodes against oxidation during the heating process and for this purpose a packing medium is used which consists of raw disintegrated petrol-coke or a similarly acting material which is to form one of the constituents of the completed electrode. When producing the electrodes this packing-material is simultaneously annealed with the same and its volatile constituents and also those of the electrodes are simultaneously driven out, collected and used for the heating of the furnace. I

For carrying into effect the process, forming the subject matter of this present invention, a furnace is used, which may be embodied as a chamber-furnace, a canalfurnace or an annular-furnace, and in which above and over the burning-chambers, arranged in series, or above and over the burning-channel, a longitudinally extending iollecting-channel` `is formed, in which the Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 1, 1916.

volatile constituents of the tar, escaping from the single burning chambers or from the single compartments of the burning channel, are collected, and from which the said tar vapors are drawn ofi', preferably over the hottest place, z'. e. over that chamber or compartment which is being heated,

,and passed to that place of combustion,

then in operation, where they are burned. Thus the volatile constituents of the tar, escaping from the chambers or compartments charged and subjected to preheating, take their way in a direction opposite to that which is taken by the heating gases, so that the tar is prevented from being deposited, while the tar vapors arrive at the place of combustion in an advantageously hot state.

-For rendering the invention more easily intelligible reference is had to the accompanying drawings in which a gas-chamber furnace is illustrated and in which- Figure 1 is a plan, Fig. 2 a vertical seotion on the line C-D-'E-F of Fig. l and Fig. 3 a horizontal section `on the line A-B of Fig. 2.

a are heating chambers, over which a collecting channel e extends, which may be formed, for instance, by an overvaulting f, extending longitudinally over the series of chambers.

g are partition walls, positioned between the single heating chambers on transverse Walls. l and sub-dividing the channel. The said partition Walls g are provided with one or more passages h. lIhe collecting channel e is provided with a number of outn let-sockets z', preferably one over each of the chambers a.

SideWise of the series of chambers a and parallel to the same there is arranged a pipe conduit or collecting channel k, which is provided with a series of pipe-connections l, one for each ofthe outlet-sockets z', and further, with a series of pipe-connections m, one for each of the gas supplying channels n.

Now, for carrying into effect the process, forming the subject matter of the present invention, the outlet-socket z', pertaining to that chamber a, which is being heated by gas, is connected up by means .of a bent pipe p, with the adjacent pipe-connection Z of the collecting channel lo, while the remaining outlet-sockets are kept closed. vFurther the gas supplying channel nin operation is, also by means of a bent pipe g, connected up with the adjacent pipe connection m of the collecting channel k. All the other pipe connections Z and m preferably remain closed during this time.

During the heating of the electrodes in the chambers a the raw material such as anthracite or petrol coke which is used as packing for the electrodes, is simultaneously heated, whereby very substantial quantities of combustible gases escape from the packing which miX with the volatile tar constituents driven out of the electrodes, and collect in the space e above the chambers, separate from the smoke gases. The quantity of combustible gas obtained from the raw material and from the electrodes is so large that it, of itself, is capable of supplying the entire heat required by the furnace. To this end, the combustible gases driven out of the material being heated are conducted through the openings h in an opposite direction to the heating gases which flow through the passages b and c in the vertical walls of the furnace. Above the chamber to be heated the combustible gases pass into the collecting channel lc by way of the opening z' and the pipe section p, and out of the channel la through the opening m and the pipe section q into the gas supply channel n. From the latter the combustible gases pass into the two vertical shafts which are arranged in the transverse wall cl and issue through numerous small openings into the heating.

channels b and c where they ignite through the hot air flowing therethrough.

The furnace, it will be noted, produces the` heating gas necessary for its operation, in that the gases from the raw material and from the formed bodies are recovered and conducted to the chamber being heated. The combustion of the heating gas occurs, as above stated, in the passages b and c by contact of the gas with highly heated air which passed through the heating channels of the chambers which are in the process of cooling and in its passage took .up their heat, as is the case in all annular furnaces. The incandescent products of combustion, resulting from the combustion of the heating gases, are conducted further through the channels b and c until they have given up so much of their heat in the furnace that their temperature isreduced to approximately 150o C., whereupon they are drawn off from the furnace` through the stack. This is also effected through the medium of the channels n into which the smoke gases issue from thev heating channels b and c through the small openings, but in this case the channel u is not connected with the channel la by means of the pipe section g but is connected by a different pipe section with the coupling s and the channel 1- which leads to the stack (not shown).

I claim as my invention 1. The'herein described method of producing carbon electrodes, which consists in iirst gradually heating and then heating to a high temperature formed bodies comprising a mixture of electrode material and tar binder to drive out the volatile constituents of the tar, recovering said constituents, and igniting the same.

2. The herein ldescribed method of producing carbon electrodes, which consists in packing formed bodies comprising a mixture of electrode material and tar binder with disintegrated raw electrode material, first gradually heating and then heating the entiremass to a high temperature to drive out the gases from the electrode material and the volatile constituents from the tar, recovering said gases and volatile constituents and igniting the same.

In testimony whereof I aiiX my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

FRANZ NAGELSCHMITZ.

Witnesses CARL SIEBOLD, HANS TRosT.

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