US731950A

US731950A - Coke-oven and gas-producer.

Info

Publication number: US731950A
Application number: US11295802A
Authority: US
Inventors: John A Potter
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1902-06-24
Filing date: 1902-06-24
Publication date: 1903-06-23
Anticipated expiration: 1920-06-23

Description

PATLNTED JUNE 23, 1903.

No. 731,950.v

J. A. POTTER.

COKE OVEN AND GAS PRODUCER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24, 1902.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

N0 MODEL.

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,m @Uli PATENTED JUNE 23, 1903.

J. A. POTTER. COKE OVEN AND GAS PRODUCER.

lAPPLIOATION FILED .TUNE 24, 1902.

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N0 MODEL.

.PATENTED JUNE 23, 1903. J. A. PTTER.

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COKE OVEN AND GAS 'PRODUGER APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24, 1902.

N0 MODEL.

wrm asses UNiTED STATES Patented June 23, 1903.

JOHN A. POTTER, OF PIT'ISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

COKE-OVEN AND GAS-PRODUCER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 731,950, dated June 23, l1903. Application filed June 24,1902. serialNo, 112,958. (No model.)

To all whom, t mag/concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN A. POTTER, of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Continuous Coke and Gas Producers, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical transverse section through a double battery of gas and coke producers constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a partial vertical section at right angles to that of Fig. 1 through one of the batteries, and Fig. 3 is a cross-section on the broken line III III of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a cross-section showing the shear-operating mechanism.

My invention relates to the manufacture of gas and the coking of coal and is designed to provide an improved regenerative producer by which the gas formed may be taken oif and partly used in aiding the coking operation, in which the coke is compacted and made more dense, in which the. operation is continuous, so that there is no alternate heating and cooling of the oven, in which the percentage of sulfur is reduced and the heat of the cooling coke utilized to preheat gas and air.

In the drawings I show a double battery of producers 2, built in parallel rows, with an open chamber 3 between the batteries. Each producer consists of a vertical stack having in the walls around its lower portion alternate air-fines 4 and gas-fines 5, which extend up and open into an annular checker-work chamber 6, which surrounds the middle and upper portions of the producer and is provided with staggered bricks 7, which baffle the iiames and support the inner wall or retort. Gas is supplied to the lower end of the gas-dues by valved branches 8, leading from gas-supply pipes 9. The air-fines are open at their lower ends to the outer air or may be connected to air-blast pipes. The iiame and products of combustion passing from the chambers 6 enter a common flue 10, leading to a suitable stack, and the gases issuing from the upper part of the producers pass through gas-oiftake 11 to gas-mains 12,

into the upper hoppers 14,

leading to a suitable tank or reservoir. The coal is charged from a car 13, which travels lengthwise between the lines of two batteries, which open into the tops of the producers. The lower ends of these hoppers are closed by bells 15, which are made with solid heavy bottoms, as shown, and are secured at the lower ends to sti vertical posts ,16, having racks operated by pinions 17, which may be driven from a central main shaft 19. By thus arranging the bells they act not only as closures for the hoppers, but also as rams, by which the charge may be forced downwardly in case it should cling to the walls in any part of the oven while a portion of coke is being discharged at the lower end.

The lower ends of the producer-chamber are closed by horizontallymoving shearblocks 20, which rest and are reciprocated upon lower inclined guides 2l, moving between these guides and castings 22, which form the base of the producer and contain water cooling-pipes 23, supplied by branches 24 from pipes 25. The shear-blocks are connected by rods 26 to cranks upon a shaft 27 having gear-wheels 27', intermeshing with pinions 35 upon a shaft 36, having a toothed wheel 37, intermeshing with a pinion 38 upon an actuatingshaft 28. The inclined or wedge-shaped base-guide for the shear-blade acts to force it upwardly against the basecasting when the blade is moved to close the producer-bottom, thus sealing the opening.

To supply steam to the base of the charge in the producer, I employflexible hose-pipes 29, leading from steam-pipes 30 to upwardlydirected nozzles 31 in the shear-blade casting. The coke emerging from the lower end of the producer when the shearblade is opened drops upon the base 32 and is sheared off and pushed out by the shear-blade when closing into coke-cars 33, traveling on lel with the batteries.

In the normal operation of the producers the charging-bell being lowered after a portion of coke is discharged from the lower end coal drops from the hopper upon the charge `and gradually descends toward the coking zone. The center of this coking zone is at about the point marked a, where obsertracks paral- IOO vation-holes 34 are provided for examining the condition ot the heat, dro., of theproducer. As the eoking goes on the gases produced in the coking operation pass up through the coal inthe ripper part of the chamberaud are drawn olf into the gas-mains. The gas necessary for coking the coal is drawn from the gas-reservoir and passed in through the gas-pipes to the lower ends of the tlues 5. Air passes in at the base of the air-lines 4, and this air and the gas rise through the fines 4 and 5 and unite at the tops of the flues in the chamber 6 at about the level marked a. As the air and gas rise through the fines, they are preheated by the heat radiating from the hot coke as it descends from the coking zone to the discharge-openings. This coke, which is at a temperature of about 5,00()Q at the coking zone, gives up its heat to the side walls of the retort as it descends from this zone, which walls in turn give up their heat to the gas and air passing up to the combustion-chamber, so that when the coke reaches the discharge-opening it will have then given up most of its heat. The heat ot' this coke descending from the coking zone is also utilized for generating hydrogen gas by introducing steam through the pipes 29. This steam coming \in contact with the hot *cokeA is decomposed, the oxygen being consumed by the hydrocarbon contained in the coke, producing large quantities of hydrogen, which pass upwardly through the charge and associate with the gases distilled from the coal, this being done at the expense of heat in the coke and while the coking i process is going on inthe upper part of the oven. These gases and steam at the same time remove from the coke any particles of sulfur and hydrocarbon which may be left therein, thus improving its quality.

The preheated gas and air rising through the ilues around the base of the chamber 'unite in the combustion-chamber and are ignited, burning within this chamber, so as to supply heat through the retort-Walls to the charge in the coking zone, thus producing a coking operation. the chamber 6 the flame and gases indirectly .heat the fresh entering coal, and thus prepare i it for the coking operation, the products passing from the top of this annular chamber to the stack. The coal at the upper part of the burden is thus heated from the hot Walls, which are of irebrick or refractory material, and this descending coal is brought into higher heats and gradually gasiied and prepared for the final coking operation within the coking zone.

' The shear-blade at the base of the producer is moved back from time to time as desired, thus allowing the charge to settle down, the coke discharging upon the base of the lower chamber. The shear-blade then being moved back shears off the column, and fresh coal being introduced at the top the operation thus proceeds continuously. In starting the apvious to those skilled in the art. By reason of the vertical stack arrangement of the producer or oven the Weight of the charge will compact and density the coke, thus greatly improving its utility and strength. The double-surface regenerative system utilizes the heat of the coke which has been produced in preheating the air and gases, which are thenburned to carry out the coking operation. Further, the heat and gases of the burning gas serve to preheat the upper portion of the charge and thus aid in the coking operation. The process being continuous, the Walls are kept at a substantially uniform temperature, so that the life of the producer is much longer than in the intermittent process, where the entire oven is discharged and the entire new charge put in. The coke being cooled down before discharging does not need to be Waterquenched, and hence thesplittingup of the coke from the sudden cooling is avoided and 75 The advantages of my invention will be obthe depositing of the impurities in the water sirable coking-coal, as .the tars will be deposited in the coal passing downl to the coking zone, and the gases passing up through the charge can be taken off. The heat of the coke is also utilized for the formation of gas by introducing steam into the lower portion 'of the charge, this steam being broken up "and increasing and enriching the gas, aswell In the upper part of a as carrying 0E the injurious sulfur constituents of the coke.

The regenerative 'lues may be used for heating air only or combustible gases only or for heating both, as shown. The air or the combustible gases may be led through the side to the upper ends of the regenerative flues, and by the word gases in the claims I mean to include air or combustible gas, and many other changes may be made in the form and arrangement of the producers, the regenerative system, the feed and discharge mechanisms, and the other parts of the apparatus Without departing from my invention as delined in the claims.

I claim- 1. A coke and gas'producer of stack form arranged to contain a vertical charge or burden, coal-feeding mechanism at the top thereof, mechanism at the bottom arranged to IOO IIO

shear ofi and discharge a part of the charge, and a gas-offtake in its upper portion; substantially as described.

2. A coke and gas producer of vertical stack form arranged to contain a vertical charge, regenerative iiues around its lower portion having gaseous inlets and arranged to heat said gases, a gas-offtake at the upper end of the producer and mechanism at the bottom of the producer arranged to shear off and discharge successive portions of the charge; su bstantially as described.4

3. A coke and gas producer having regenerative dues for gases around its lower portion, mechanism at the bottom arranged to shear oft' and discharge successive portions of the column and a combustion-chamber around its intermediate portion having airinlets and connected to said ilues; substantially as described.

4. A coke and gas producer having regenerative iiues around its lower portion arranged to heat the gases therein, means for `supplying air and gas to the lower ends of the dues, and an annular combustion-chamber surrounding the middle and upper parts of the producer, and into which said iiues open, said chamber having air-inlets; substantially as described. A

5. A coke and gas producer having regenerative fines for gases around its lower portion, and a combustion-chamber containing bathe-bricks around its upper portions and connected to the flues, said chamber having air-inlets; substantially as described.

6. A coke and gas producer of vertical stack form having coal-charging mechanism at the top, coke-shearing mechanism at its lower end,and apusher arranged to force the charge downwardly; substantially as described.

7. A vertical coke-oven having a movable shear-blade at its lower end; substantially as described.

8. A vertical coke-oven having a casting at its lower end, and a reciprocating shear-block movable between the casting and a lower guide; substantially as described.

9. Avertical coke-oven having a receivingchamber below its lower end, and a movable shear-blade arranged to cut off the protruding portion and close the lower end of the oven; substantially as described.

10. A continuous coke-oven of vertical stack form, substantially closed to the outer air, mechanism for feeding of the stack, mechanism for shearing off and :removing a portion of the charge from the bottom of the stack, an inlet-pipe leading into the lower end of the stack, and a source of steam connected to said pipe; substantially as described.

11. A vertical stack coke-oven having a movable shear-blade at its lower end, and a pipe leading through the shear-blade and opening into the oven; substantially as described.

12. A coke and gas producer of vertical stack form, having regenerative fines around its lower portion, charging mechanism at its top, a gas-otake leadingfrom the upper part of the stack, and a movable shear-blade at the lower end of the stack; substantially as described.

13. A coke and gas producer of vertical stack form, having regenerative liues around its lower portion, a combustion chamber around its upper portions into which the lues open, a gas-oiftake from the upper end of the producer, a stack-ilue leading from the upper end of the combustion-chamber, and a movable shear-blade at the lower end of the stack; substantially as described.

14. A coke and gas producer of vertical stack form, with mechanism for shearing oi and'discharging successive lower portions of the charge, and a gas-offtake at its upper end, regenerative tlues around the lower portion of the stack and arranged to heat the gases contained in said lues, and a gas-supply channel connected to the regenerative fines at a point intermediate of the height of the stack; substantially as described.

15. Acoke and gas producer, having mechanism at its lower end arranged to shear oi and discharge successive portions of the charge, regenerative flues for gases around the lower portion of the producer, a combustion-chamber around its intermediate portion having air-inlets and connected to the regenerative fines, and a gaseous supply-channel connected to the regenerative lines; substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

JOHN A. POTTER.

coal into the top Witnesses:

L. M. REDMAN, H. M. CoRWIN.

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