US10483748B2 - Junction box and network for distributing energy - Google Patents

Junction box and network for distributing energy Download PDF

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Publication number
US10483748B2
US10483748B2 US15/565,115 US201615565115A US10483748B2 US 10483748 B2 US10483748 B2 US 10483748B2 US 201615565115 A US201615565115 A US 201615565115A US 10483748 B2 US10483748 B2 US 10483748B2
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output
junction box
electronic switch
mechanical isolator
evaluating
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US20180097349A1 (en
Inventor
John Witt
Andreas Huhmann
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Harting Electric Stiftung and Co KG
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Harting Electric GmbH and Co KG
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02—Details
    • H02H3/021—Details concerning the disconnection itself, e.g. at a particular instant, particularly at zero value of current, disconnection in a predetermined order
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H7/00—Devices for introducing a predetermined time delay between the initiation of the switching operation and the opening or closing of the contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H89/00—Combinations of two or more different basic types of electric switches, relays, selectors and emergency protective devices, not covered by any single one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for electronic equipment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/22—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for distribution gear, e.g. bus-bar systems; for switching devices
    • H02H7/222—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for distribution gear, e.g. bus-bar systems; for switching devices for switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H02H7/261—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations
    • H02H7/263—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations involving transmissions of measured values
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
    • H02J13/00036—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
    • H02J13/00036—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers
    • H02J13/0004—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers involved in a protection system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/548—Electromechanical and static switch connected in series

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a junction box and network for distributing energy comprising an input and at least one output and also an electronic switch and a mechanical isolator that is connected in series thereto, the input being connected to the output via the mechanical isolator so as to transmit energy. Furthermore the disclosure relates to an energy distribution network having multiple junction boxes, a method for operating an energy distribution network, and a method for switching off an output of a junction box.
  • junction boxes, energy distribution networks and methods are required in order to supply electrical energy to machines in an industrial environment.
  • DE 10 2004 021 380 A1 discloses a device for supplying current, said device comprising multiple current-supplying components.
  • the current-supplying components are provided in each case with a communication interface and are connected by way of this communication interface and communication channel to a common analysis and control unit.
  • the analysis and control unit controls a load management system of the current-supplying components.
  • DE 101 55 189 A1 discloses a method for regulating the current supply of multiple field devices that are connected by way of a data bus line and are supplied with current by way of the data bus line.
  • the current requirement of the individual field devices is determined and the current consumption of the field devices is set by corresponding control signals.
  • the current consumption of individual field devices is set centrally and the process conditions adjusted accordingly.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 7,058,482 B2 discloses a data sampling and data transmission module for an energy distribution system.
  • the module comprises a microprocessor and a network interface.
  • the microprocessor uses one or multiple first signals as an indication of the condition of the energy in the energy distribution system.
  • the microprocessor is in communication with a data network by way of the network interface.
  • WO 2009/127817 A1 describes a self-organizing energy distribution network for large area regions. Said publication discloses switching a communication network parallel to the energy distribution network and by way of switches and measuring devices determining at least one part of the topography, wherein the energy distributing network is divided into zones that can be subsequently switched off separately from one another.
  • EP 2 692 066 A2 discloses an energy distribution network having a data transmission function for distributing electrical energy in the industrial sector.
  • This energy distribution network comprises special junction boxes and an associated operating and evaluating method that renders it possible after construction and cabling to automatically detect and replicate the topology of the energy distribution. It is possible on this basis to subsequently determine the current consumption in specific branches, by way of example even in the case of a tree-like or annular network structure. In particular, it is possible to detect and localize deviations from the desired value, said deviations being by way of example a disproportionately high current consumption, so that as a result specific consumers and/or entire energy distribution network segments can be switched on and off.
  • the corresponding values of relevant electrical variables are continuously monitored for analysis purposes and stored in a database, held in the database for an arbitrary period of time and displayed in a graphic manner. It is possible by analyzing the values of the respective electrical variables to detect and eliminate connection errors, wire fractures, overloading and under-voltages. In particular, the use of a power switch that is integrated in the junction boxes is disclosed.
  • EP 0 886 878 A1 discloses a switching device having a movable switch for producing an isolation section and having a switching element that is integrated in the switch, wherein the switching element is a semi-conductor switching element.
  • a disadvantage in the known art resides in the fact that the aforementioned energy distribution networks are either extremely costly or too inflexible for use in many applications, by way of example in the industrial sector. Furthermore, high demands are placed on the operational reliability, in particular relating to the switching-on and switching-off procedures.
  • Embodiments of the present invention improve the operational reliability and the operability of energy distribution networks in a cost-effective manner.
  • the switching procedures can be performed in a safe and reliable and cost-effective manner.
  • At least one part of the administrative tasks of the network is performed by the junction box itself, in other words in a decentralized manner.
  • the evaluating unit it is possible by way of the evaluating unit to detect a technical defect at any early stage and to perform the corresponding action, for example switching off the output.
  • the junction box for distributing energy comprises at least one input and at least one output and also an electronic switch and a mechanical isolator that is connected in series thereto, for example a relay, by way of which the input is connected to the output for transmitting energy and is characterized in that the junction box comprises an internal evaluating unit having at least one processor and a data storage device, wherein an evaluating program is stored in the data storage device, said evaluating program being provided for the purpose of being performed by the processor.
  • the internal evaluating unit can be a separate assembly having a dedicated processor and a dedicated data storage device.
  • the junction box can however preferably comprise a so-called “data switch” that is connected by way of a data bus to the switch and the isolator and said data switch is combined with the evaluating unit to form a central evaluating and control unit.
  • the evaluating program can include an adjustable selective response with regard to safety and reliability, said response being in the form of a selective safety and reliability procedure.
  • the evaluating program includes in particular an adjustable overload response.
  • the evaluating program can include a learning mode for high start-up currents.
  • the evaluating program can comprise means for identifying connected devices.
  • the evaluating program can comprise means for expanding a network with additional junction boxes.
  • the evaluating program can be configured in a decentralized or centralized manner.
  • the evaluating program can comprise means for establishing energy consumption data.
  • the evaluating program can comprise means for identifying connected devices.
  • the junction box can comprise a mechanical isolator for the galvanic decoupling procedure. It is particularly advantageous for this purpose if the evaluating program includes a counter for counting the number of galvanic isolation procedures performed by the mechanical isolator, in particular those isolation procedures that are performed under a load. If namely the isolator were sometimes still to perform the isolation procedure under a load, this would be as a result of wear on the isolator.
  • the counter renders it possible in this case to establish how many of these isolation procedures the isolator has already performed. After a predetermined number of isolation procedures, it is possible to output inter alia an alarm signal/a corresponding piece of information that indicates that the isolator must be replaced.
  • isolator can be configured in particular in a cost-effective manner since an isolation procedure is rarely performed under a load and, particularly by using a counter, it is fundamentally avoided that the same isolator frequently performs an isolation procedure under a load.
  • the isolator can be a so-called “relay” that is known to the person skilled in the art, in other words a mechanical, electronically controlled switch that causes a galvanic isolation in response to an electronic signal.
  • the junction box can comprise multiple separate outputs that can be switched off preferably independently of one another.
  • each output can comprise a galvanic decoupling element that is in particular an isolator of this type.
  • an energy distribution network having multiple junction boxes of this type to perform by way of example also an evaluation of the energy consumption, wherein the means for evaluating the energy consumption are arranged decentralized in the junction boxes, in other words at the site where the energy is consumed. Furthermore, the energy distribution network comprises means for transmitting data so that the results can be collected centrally.
  • the evaluating means that are arranged in the junction boxes can include by way of example devices for measuring the current, the voltage and/or electrical output and also include decentralized evaluation software.
  • the decentralized evaluating software can store measurement data for a predetermined time period, following which said measurement data are evaluated and the evaluation result compared for example with the up-to-date data. This is particularly advantageous in order to localize an unusually high energy consumption in a specific branch of the energy distribution network.
  • the decentralized evaluating software can trigger an alarm in dependence upon the result of this comparison, in other words for example transmit a piece of information, can cause an alarm lamp to light up red and/or switch off the relevant output.
  • the electronic switch can be by way of example a transistor switch.
  • the isolator can be a galvanic isolator, in other words a mechanical isolator, for example a switching relay.
  • the term ‘opening/switching off the switch/isolator’ is understood to mean that the electrically conductive connection between the input and the output of the switch/isolator is interrupted.
  • the term ‘closing/switching on the switch/isolator’ is understood to mean that an electrically conductive connection is produced between its input and its output.
  • the release parameter can preferably assume two values, for example positive or negative.
  • the values for the release parameter are defined in dependence upon the presence of an operating voltage at the isolator. If the release parameter is positive, then the isolation procedure can be performed in a straightforward manner. If the release parameter is negative, the isolation procedure can be inhibited, for example by means of the software. Furthermore, it is possible in a similar manner to also perform a switch-on procedure, in other words close the isolator so as thus also to prevent a switch-on procedure under a load.
  • This method can therefore be supplemented by the provision of a priority status for the prescribed switching-off procedure, namely by performing the switching-off procedure in dependence upon the priority status. If the priority status is high, then the switching-off procedure must be performed in any case.
  • an alarm can be generated as soon as a defined counter status is achieved so that the isolator is replaced after any wear that has occurred as a result.
  • the isolator can remain in the open state until it is replaced so as to force for example a user to replace said isolator or at least to prevent said isolator being operated.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a delivery system with an energy distribution network
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a junction box having four channels
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a channel of the junction box
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a flow chart of a switching-off procedure.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a delivery system comprising multiple modules, 3 , 3 ′, 3 ′′, . . . with an energy distribution network comprising an electrical energy supply device 1 and junction boxes 2 , 2 ′, 2 ′′, . . . .
  • a first junction box 2 supplies a first module 3 .
  • a second junction box 2 ′′ supplies two further junction boxes, namely a third 2 ′′ and a fifth junction box 2 ′′′′. As a consequence, branches are produced in the energy distribution network.
  • the third junction box 2 ′′ supplies two modules, namely a second module 3 ′ and a third module 3 ′′ and a fourth junction box 2 ′′′.
  • the fourth junction box 2 ′′′ supplies a fourth module 3 ′′′.
  • the fifth junction box 2 ′′′ supplies a fifth module 3 ′′′ and a sixth junction box 2 ′′′′′.
  • the sixth junction box 2 ′′′′′ supplies a sixth module 3 ′′′′′.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates in an exemplary manner a junction box 2 having an input 21 , four channels 24 , 24 ′, . . . having a respective switching unit 23 , 23 ′, . . . and a respective output 22 , 22 ′.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates in an exemplary manner the construction of an individual channel 24 .
  • the switching unit 23 comprises an electronic switch 231 with an electrical measuring device 232 adjacent thereto, in particular a volt meter, and adjacent thereto a galvanic isolator 233 , in particular a relay.
  • This switching unit is connected on the input side to the input 21 and by way of an output resistor 27 to the output 22 of the channel.
  • the electronic switch 231 comprises one control output that is connected by way of a data line to a delay circuit 234 (“ ⁇ t”) and from there by way of an input of a logic coupling member 235 to the isolator 233 .
  • the electronic switch 231 is able to exchange data in a bi-directional manner with an evaluating unit 26 that includes an evaluating program and can include in addition a switch.
  • the evaluating unit 26 comprises an external control input 25 .
  • the electrical measuring unit 232 comprises a data interface that is connected to the evaluating unit 26 and thus supplies the evaluating unit 26 with the relevant measurement data.
  • the evaluating unit 26 comprises a control output 261 that can control the electronic switch 231 .
  • the evaluating unit 26 comprises a further control output 262 that is connected to the logic coupling member 235 and together with the delayed signal from the electronic switch 231 controls the isolator 233 by way of said logic coupling member 235 .
  • the evaluating unit 26 comprises a counter Z that can be preferably configured as a software component.
  • the release parameter can preferably assume two values, for example positive or negative independence upon the presence of an operating voltage at the isolator 233 .
  • the isolation procedure can be performed in a straightforward manner. If the release parameter is negative, then the isolation procedure can be inhibited.
  • the switching-off procedure can be performed in dependence upon a priority status. If the priority status is high, then the switching-off procedure must be performed in any case. If the priority status is low, then it is still possible to perform the switch-off procedure in dependence upon the switching state of the electronic switch 231 , in particular delayed by way of the delay member 234 , and/or in dependence upon the measured value of the electronic measuring unit 232 .
  • the reference value Prio Ref can be predefined or can be set manually. It is thus possible to define different priority statuses, for example the protection of human life, the protection of devices, operational safety and reliability and the like.
  • the isolator 233 can remain in the open state until it is replaced so as to force for example a user to replace said isolator or at least to prevent said isolator being operated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
US15/565,115 2015-04-09 2016-03-23 Junction box and network for distributing energy Active 2036-05-19 US10483748B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015105370 2015-04-09
DE102015105370.5 2015-04-09
DE102015105370.5A DE102015105370A1 (de) 2015-04-09 2015-04-09 Anschlussbox und Netzwerk zur Energieverteilung
PCT/DE2016/100139 WO2016162012A1 (de) 2015-04-09 2016-03-23 Anschlussbox und netzwerk zur energieverteilung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20180097349A1 US20180097349A1 (en) 2018-04-05
US10483748B2 true US10483748B2 (en) 2019-11-19

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US (1) US10483748B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3281216B1 (de)
KR (1) KR102021490B1 (de)
CN (1) CN107534284B (de)
CA (1) CA2981760A1 (de)
DE (1) DE102015105370A1 (de)
RU (1) RU2679888C1 (de)
WO (1) WO2016162012A1 (de)

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CA2981760A1 (en) 2016-10-13
CN107534284A (zh) 2018-01-02
KR20170120702A (ko) 2017-10-31
DE102015105370A1 (de) 2016-10-13
EP3281216B1 (de) 2020-06-24
KR102021490B1 (ko) 2019-09-17
US20180097349A1 (en) 2018-04-05
EP3281216A1 (de) 2018-02-14
CN107534284B (zh) 2019-05-14
RU2679888C1 (ru) 2019-02-14

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