US1035082A - Automatic regulator for impact water-wheels. - Google Patents

Description

J. CAGHIN. AUTOMATIC REGULATOR POB. IMPAOT WATER WHEELS.

PPLIoATIoN msn SEPT. 25. 100s.

JEAN CACEIN, OF ZURICH, SWITZEBLAN'I').`

AUTOMATIC BEGLATOR FOB IMPACT WATER-WHEELS.

Speoication of Letters Payant.

Patented Aug. 6, 1912.

Application led September 25, 1908. Serial No. 454,753.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JEAN CAoHIN, a citizen of the Republic of Switzerland, re-

siding at Zurich, in the Canton of Zurich and Republic of Switzerland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Regulators for Impact Water- Wheels, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming a part thereof.

This invention relates more particularly "to high pressure water lwheels of the impact type. Its main object is to automatically regulate t-he power appliedvto operate the wheel at a substantially constant speed under varying load, without causing sudden and dangerous yfluctuations of pressure-in the supply pipe or conduit and without wastel of water or power.,

It consists in certain novel features of construction and in the peculiar arrange ment and combinations of parts as hereinafter particularly described and pointed out in the claims.

The accompanying drawing shows in vertical longitudinal section automatic regulating mechanism embodying the invention as applied to an impact water wheel.

a designates the nozzle arranged to direct a jet of water against the vanes or buckets b p of a water wheel, in the usual or any suitducer for varying the area of the dis'- charge orifice of the nozzle .or of the size .of thejet issuing therefrom. i It may oonsist as shown, of a needle or tapering valve, movable axially in and out of the discharge orifice.

g is a servo-motor having a differential .piston h which' is connected with the deflector e and adapted to move the samey more or less into and out of the path of the jet f end of piston la, before it can between the nozzle a and the path of thel wheel buckets. z is a similar motor having aditferential piston y', which. may' be direducer f. Thelarger ends or working faces of the pistons la, andl j are of substantially the same area, while the smaller end or'working face of the piston lz. is of greater area than that of the smaller end or working face of the piston j.

.c is a Huid pressure supply pipe havin connections in open communicatmn with the smaller ends of the cylinders of the motors g and z', or the ends thereof toward which the smaller ends or working faces of the pistons it and j are presented. It is also connected with a balanced regulating or relay valve Z, which is in turn connected with the larger end of the motor cylinder g, or the end t ereof toward which the larger end or working face of the piston h is presented. The valve Zhas a discharge or waste connection m, and the valve head n, which is shown in its normal closed position, controls the admission and release of fluid to and from the larger end of the motor c linder g. A pipe o provided with a diaphragm p with a restricted opening for the passage of the motive fluid, connects the larger `end of the motor cylinder g' with the corresponding end of the motor cylinder z'.

The stem of the balanced regulating or relay valve is connected with one arm of a floating lever g which is pivotally connected between its ends with the vertically movable collar r of the governor c. The other arm of this lever is connected by a rod with a floating lever s, the ends of which are pivoted to arms of both crank levers t and u, with the other arms of which the pistons and y' are connected.

The regulating mechanism thus shown and descmbed operates4 as follows: Assuming that a considerable and lsudden reduction Jof load takes place, momentaril increaslng the speed of the water whee the governor acts throu h the lever` to lift the valvel head n and a mit fluid under pressure into the larger end of the motor cyhnder g, the Huid acting immediately on the larger through the restricted o ening in the aphragm p suilicientlyto affect the pistonj, moves said piston h to the right, thereby carrying the defiector e into the path of the jet and d1- verting more or less of the jet from the path ofthe buckets bJ accordin to the extent of the reduction 1n load an the conserectly connected with the needle valve or i -the ' pipe o and quent increase of speed. This movement of iston hto the-right, op erates through the eating levers s and g andgtheir connections to return the valve head n toits .nor-

mal position, as shown, thereby cutting oli' communication between the pressure sup ly pipe c and the motor g. Immediately ollowing the shifting of the dellector e as above stated, the fluid flowing through the the restricted `opening in the diaphragm p from the motor g intoA the cylinder of the motor i, graduallymoves the piston y' to the right, v,while the piston z is gradually moved back to its orlginal position at the left by the unbalanced pressure on its smaller face, which is greater than the pressure on the smaller face of the iston j. The deflector e is thus withdrawn rom the jet, while the valve or reducer f is 'advanced to a position in which it restricts the jet to an extent corresponding with' the portion thereof first diverted by the deiector e. The

'instantaneous or prompt action of the deflector e in response to the governor, prevents material Variations in the speed of the water wheel, without causing sudden fluctuations of pressure and dangerous shocks in the water supply pipe or conduit leading to the wheel. This means of regulation alone is however wasteful of water and power, but

\ the operation of the deflector bein immediotherwise occur.

ately followed by that of the va ve or reducer f, which by its gradual "movement correspondingly reduces -the size of thel jet Without causing a sudden increase of pressure in the supply pipe and nozzle a, avoids the waste of water and power which would water wheel is increased, demanding more power, the resulting -reduction of speed causes the governor operating through the lever gto move the valve head fn. downward,

s thereby establishing communication between the motor cylinder z' throughthe ypipe o and motor cylinder g with the discharge or waste pipe m and releasing the fluid from the larger end ofthe cylinder z'. rlhe unbalanced pressure on the smaller end or face of piston j then gradually forces said piston to the left, withdrawing the valve or reducer f'more or lessfrom the orice of the nozzle a, according to the increase in load and derlhis movement ofLthe piston y' operating through the floating levers sand and their connections, returns the valve head n to its normal' position, shut- 'ting 0E communication between the motors Hand the waste or discharge pipe m.

The valve or reducer f will ret-ain the position to which it is thus adjusted until a further variation in the load occurs. l

Whenever a slight or gradual decrease of load occurs, causing a' slight opening of the valve head n not greater than the opening in the diaphragm p, the piston h and the denoaaoea vj lf now Athe load on the,l

Hector e will remain 11m-scent, while' the f fluid underpressure'from the supply pipe le' passing through the'larger end of the cyl- .inder g and the pipeo into the' larger 'end of the cylinder z', gradually, moves thepiston i to the r1ght and advances the valve or re'- ducer;c into a position to reduce the jetas, 'requ1red, w1thout materially affecting the, )pressure 1n the water supply .pipe or conduit.

Either the delector vor the needle valve o r reducer may be used -alone to regulate the water wheel tem orarily in case one of said devices is out o orde'r or for anyrea'son itv `becomes inoperative or necessary'. or desirable to disconnect it. i -f Various changes inthe construction and arrangement/of parts may be made without depart-ure from the principle and scope of the invention, which is not intended to be 'lim-itedto details exce t such as are expressly includedin the c aims.

l claim: v 1.- In an.,automatic regulator for impact water wheels the combination with `a jet.

nozzle and' a governor, of means for diverting more or less of the nozzle jet from the water wheel and means for varying the size of said jet comprising. motors, a valve controlling the operation of said motors, and mechanism connecting said valve with the governor and with rsaid motors `'and adapted to` automatically returnsaid valve to its normal position after movementthere- -of by the governor.

, 2.- n an automatic regulator .for impact water wheels, the combination with a jet nozzle and a governor, of means for diverting more or less of the-.nozzle jet from the water wheel, andmeans for varying' the size of said jet comprising motors, a fluid pressure supplyA connection with the jet-diverting motor, a Valve controlling the admission and release of Huid to and from said motor through said connection, a restricted -fluid passage connecting said motors, and mechanism connect-i said valve with the governorand with said motors and adapted .to return the valve to its normal position after movement thereof by the governor.

' 3. In an automatic regulator for impact water wheels, the combination lwith a jet nozzle and a governor, of means for diverting more or lless of the nozzle jet from the water wheel and means for varying the size of said jet comprising motors, a Huid pressure supply connection with thejet-diverting motor, a valve controlling the admission and release of fluid through said connection, a restricted fluid connection between said motors, and floating lever mechanism connecting said valve with the governor and with -said `motors and adapted to return the valve to its normal position after movement thereof bythe governor.

4. ln an automatic regulator for impact Losanna;

water wheels the combination with a jet nozzle and a governor actuated by the water wheel, of a movable deflector for diverting more or less of the jet, 'a reducer for varying the size of the jet, motors each comprising a cylinder and a differential piston, one connected with the deflector and the other with4 the reducer, the smaller face of the piston connected with the deflector being of greater area than the smaller face of the other piston, a constant fluid pressure supply connection with the smaller ends of said cylinders, a restricted fluid passage connecting the larger ends of said cylinders, and a fluid pressure supply connection with the larger end of the deflector motor provided with a valve which is connected with the governor, substantially as described.

5. In an automat-ic regulator for impact Water Wheels the combination with a jet nozzle and a governor actuated by the Water Wheel, of a movable deflector adapted to divert more or less of the jet from the Wheel buckets, a reducer adapted to vary the size of the jet, motors connected with said deflector and reducer, a valve controlling the operation of said motors, and mechanism connecting said valve with the governor and the motors and adapted to automaticallyreturn the valve to its normal position after movement thereof by the governor, substantially as described.

6. In an automat-ic regulator for impact Water Wheels the combination With a jet nozzle and a governor actuated by the Water Wheel, of a movable deflector and a reducer arranged to act upon the jet, motors connected with said deflector and reducer, a fluid pressure supply connection with the deflector motor, a valve controlling the admission and release of fluid to and from said motor through said connection, a restricted fluid passage connecting said motors, and mechanism connecting said valve with the governor and the motors and adapted to return the valve to its normal position after movement thereof by the governor, substantially as described;

7. In anautomatic regulator for impact Water Wheels the combination with a jet nozzle. and a governorvactuated by the Water Wheel, of a movable deflector and a reducer arranged to act upon the jet, motors having dierential pistons connected one with the delector and the other with the reducer, a fluid pressure supply connection with the larger end of the deflector motor, a lvalve controlling the admission and release of fluid through said connection, a restricted fluid connection between the larger ends. of the motors, constant fluid pressure supply connections With the smaller ends of the motors, the smaller end of the deflector piston being of greater area than the smaller end of the reducer piston, and mechanism connecting said valve with the governor and the motor pistons and ada ted to return the valve to its normal positlon after movement thereof by the, governor. substantially as described.

8. Inan automatic regulator for impact -water wheels the combination with ajet nozzle and a governor actuated by the water wheel, of a movable deflector and a reducer arranged to act upon'the jet, motors connected with said deflector and reducer, a fluid pressure supply connection with the deflector motor, a valve controlling the admission and release of fluid through said connection, a restricted fluid connection between said motors, and floating lever mechanism connecting said valve with said governor and the motors and adapted to return the valve to its normal position after movement thereof bythe governor, substantially as described. l

9. In an automatic regulator for impact Water wheels the combination with a iet nozzle and a governor actuated by the water wheel, of a movable deflector and a reducer arranged to act upon the jet, motors connected with said deflector and reducer, a fluid pressure supply connection with the deflector motor and a restricted fluid connection leading therefrom to the reducer motor, a balanced valve controlling the admission and release of fluid through said connections to and from lbot-h motors, and mechanism connecting said valve with the governor and motors and adapted to return the valve to its normal position after movement thereof by the governor, substantially as described.

10. In an automatic regulator for impact water Wheels the combination with a jet nozzle and a centrifugal governor actuated by the water Wheel, of a movable deflector and a reducer arranged to act upon the jet, motors connected with said deflector and reducer, a fluid pressure supply connection with the deflector motor, a restricted fluid connection leading therefrom to the reducer motor, a balanced valve controlling the admission and release of fluid through said connections to and from both motors, and floating lever mechanism connecting said valve with the governor and with each motor and adapted to return the valve Yto its normal position after movement thereof by the governor, substantially yas described.

11. In an automatic regulator for impact Water wheels, the combination with a jet nozzle and a governor actuated by the water `wheel, of means controlled by the governor and adapted to promptly divert more or less of the jet when a considerable and sudden increase in the speed of the governor occurs, means also controlled by the gover'nor and adapted to gradually and correspondingly reduce the size of the jet according toreduction in load and demand for zo, new.;

12. ln anI automatic regulator for impact .,Water wheels, the combination With a )et nozzle and a governor, of means for diverting more or less of the jet from the Water wheel, and means for/varying the size of the jet comprising motors, valve mechanism controlling the operation of the motors, means for causing the slow advance of the waarmee jet varying means as the jet diverting means retires to its neutral position after advance vniovemel'it thereof, and lever mechanism connecting said valve mechanism and motors y with the governor and ada ted to automatically return said valve mec anism to its neutral position after each movement thereof` by the governor and to permit the advance of the jet varying means as the jet diverting rreans retires Without affecting the governor orivalve mechanism. l

In Witness whereof I hereto afiix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

. K JEAN oAoHiN.

TWitnesses: i WILLIAM A. NUssiiAUMEiz, GEO. T. SCHUBELER.

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