US1028087A - Coke-oven. - Google Patents

Description

T. VON BAUER.

COKE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED H1324, 1910.

19028087., Patented May 28, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Hj l |`i i Motor il? m i fm T. VON BAUER.

COKE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED I'BB.24, 1910.

Patented May 28, 1912.

T. VON BAUER. COKE OVEN.' y APPLICATION FILED FEB.24, 1910. 1,028,087.

Patented May 28, 1912.

l/lllllllfllllllllllllllll/l "r THEODOR VON BAUER, 0F BERLIN, GERMANY.

COKE-OVEN.

p Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 28,1912..

Application med February 24, 1910. serial No. 545,649.

Coke-Ovens, of which the following is-a full,-

clear, and exact description.

In' coke ovens with appliances for the recovery of the by-products it has been observed that the distillation gases are decomposed and lose in quality if in rising to the uptake they come in contact with parts at a temperature higher than that at which they were evolved.

The present invention relates to horizon- 'tal flue coke ovens wherein this disadvantage is obviated by distributing the temperature so that the degree of heating steadily increases fromthe crown down to the ioor of the oven. This result is obtained by continuous introduction offresh gas and air at different levels. Heating flues or spaces, arranged in the separating walls of the oven chambers, are divided by partitions to form continuoussinuous passages into which continuous supplies of gas and air are introduced at intervals along their entire course down to the Hoor of the oven. This principle of heating to a degree increasing in a downward direction has been adopted in ovens-previously designed by me.

The objectotmy present invention is to improve on this principle by providing means whereby the individual supplies of air and gas are themselves heated to diierent temperatures according to t-he different levels at which they are to be introduced. That is to say I aim at-.arranging that the air and gas introduced at the top of the combustion flue are less heated than the air and gas introduced into the flue at ,lower levels, the temperature of the introduced air and gas to rise to a maximum at the 10W- est place lof introduction.

j -In the operation ofthe oven, the efficient preliminary heatingof the air and as supply is of great importance.

rom the bed ues and ioor or sole lues through hot air conduits arranged alon the entire' len th of the battery or ban l of ovens,

an is forced by the same fans through pipes into the heat-ing ilues. In a similar manner the heating gases are supplied through separate mains or pipes into which the gas is forced-in known manner from t-he gas-holder. For the purpose of preventing loss of the heat already contained in the, air and gas, and of further heating t-he same, the mains or pipes for the gas and air are arranged within the above-mentioned hot-air conduits extending along the sides of the battery of ovens. An additional great advantage of this heating oi" the gas is the prevention of the precipitation of the napthalin. l

The improved coke-oven is of simple deslgn, cheap in regard to consumption of material, easy to supervise, all regulating dey vices being arranged above the loor,'and it vperfectly realizes the hereinbefore defined principle of continuous fresh 'supplies of gas and air heated to different temperatures according to the places of introduction.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section on the line 1-1 of Fig. 2 through one of the heating or combustion fiues or chambers of the oven and the bed or foundation with the hot air conduits arranged at t-he sides; Fig. 2 is a transverse section through the battery of ovens taken on the section lines Af-B and 'C-D Fig. 3, and C--Eand F--Gr Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section on line 3 3 of Fig. 2 of a part of an oven and its bed or foundation; Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on line 4-4 of Fig. 1 through the sole fiues and bed or foundation of al portion of the ove showing the gas and air mains in the hotair conduits and the arrangement of the fans; Fig. 5. is a longitudinal section through the heating flue or chamber .of a modified form of oven Fig. 6 is a horizontal section partly through the roof of the oven and partly through a battery of ovens .of the modification illust-rated in Fig. 5.

lAs will be seen from the drawings the heating or combustion fiues are formed in .the walls separating the oven chambers.

Each heating fiue is divided by partit-ions or tongue walls a, which project alternately from opposite walls ofthe oven and each of which extends almostto the wall opposite that to which it is connected, leaving openings or spaces a alternately at opposite ends of the'heating flue so that a continuous flue passages b and c, which are arranged side -now flows throug by side and each provided with a plurality of downwardly directed outlets d. i

Air is drawn from the foundation vaults g of the oven and `passes through vertical ducts la. As best seen inFig. 2 some of .theseducts Z1. lead to horizontal passages 1 and 2 from the ends-of which the air flows. into intermediate horizontal passages 3 'situated between and the same plane with passages 1 and 2. The passages 3 also have ducts l1. leadin' into them and from which they receive a ditional supplies of air, `see Fig. 1. From the passages 3 the air fl Wsl through openings 3a into passages 4 arranged above said passages 3. From passages 4 the air divides and flows into assages 5 and 6 arranged at opposite sides and in the same plane with passages 4. The air in each pair of passages 5 and 6g angular passages 7 and 8 into sole flues i, which lie above the passages 4 situated between each pair 'of passages 5 and 6. In passing through the va. rious passages and 'sole lines z the air is considerably heated 4by taking heat from the walls of the bedor foundation of the oven, which heat would otherwise have a detrimental eflect on said walls. This heat is l largely supplied by lues z" through which the products of combustion iow from the heating chambers of the ovens to and through the passage W, as indicated bythe arrow, into the waste gas ymain W.

Fans lo draw theheated air from the sole Hues i into the hot air conduits Z, Z', andZg, 4see Fig. 4, in the foundation brickwork and extending along the battery of ovens. The fans 7o, which are driven by a suitable motor; draw the heated air through pipes t and force it through pressure pipes u into the mains m which are arranged in the hot air conduits Z, Z and connectlng conduit Z2 so that no heat is lost by radiation from the main. While I have shown the vfans lc it is ordinarily intended to use only one fan at a time thus having one fan in reserve. From the main m the air is forced through vertical stand-pipes e and is expelled throughy the nozzles e which project into the -flues b within the tongue walls a.

The ducts c, arranged along side the ducts b, serve to supply fresh gas tothe heating chambers, whlch gas flows into them from the gas main R. The gas main R is also'v arranged within the `hot air conduits Z, Z and Z? andthe heated gas by stand-pipes f land nozzles f flows ,into the ducts c and c in a` manner similar to that of the air supply'throughthestand-pipes e and nozzles "e into the ducts b. Through the downwardl'y extending openings d 1n the ducts b and c the gas and air flow into the heating lues between the oven chambers.

Duets for gas and air similar to the ducts in the tongue walls are provided in the roof of the oven as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. These ducts are provided with outletsleading intothe topmost iiue of t-he heating chamber, as above described.

For preventing or reducing the horizontal 1ng current in the iues receives a continuous supply of air and gas n small quantit-ies so dlstributed along its length that there'is a progressive increase of the temperature from the top to the bottom of the chamber heated by the flues. This result is increased by the fact that inv consequence of the progressively furnished additional supplies of air and gas the lower partitions or artly closed .at theirends by 'l' tongues a have higher temperatures than those above them so that when the air and gas flow through -the lower partitions they are heated to a' higher degree than in the l u r artition. All the regulating devices aiprrlanged above the floor which renders them readily accessible.

The nozzles e and f are preferably so arranged that they can also serve as inspec tion apertures for observing the process of combust-ion and for easily and conveniently cleaning the passages by means of iron rods. The nozzles are of a shape which allows of directly introducing air 1n case of accidents t'the fans or the like,` and each nozzle is independently regulatable. The method of supplying air by meanslof fans, which draw` the air from the bed and floor iiues and hot air conduits and force it into thev ducts b in the partitions or tongues a insures accurate regulation inasmuch as both the pressure and quantity of the air supply can be regulated independently of the varying draft of the chimney and the heaters. A further advantage is that in consequence of the draft in the sole -iues z the air does not tend to enetrate into the oven chambers wherein 1t would produce detrimental combustion and fusion. For the same-reason, and in consequenceof the powerful circulation'of theheating gases in the heating chambers, no products of combustion can pass from the `latter into the oven chambers and there cause deterioration of the quality, of the distill'ation gases.

Inthe modification .illustrated Figs' entire length of the chamber. As each half of each Hue is again sub-divided by the partitions or tongues a inthe manner hereinbefore described each Hue is traversed by two separate heating currents. This renders it' possible to make the ovens deeper in the direction of the length of the oven chambers.- The gas and -air are supplied from mains R and m respectively 1nthe 'sam'e manner as in the construction previously described. In the partition n are arranged four longitudinal ducts o into which open 'the ducts Z) and c of alternate partitions a. The longitudinal ducts b and c are supplied with air and gas respectively from pipes p1' and pG connected to the mains m and R and arranged in passages u in the hot brickwork of the roof close to the partition n.

In Fig. 6 the horizontal section through the roof of the oven shows the charging apertures gA in the brick-Work of the roof. As shown in Fig. 2 the charging apertures gf see Fig. 2 which communicate with the heating Hues. Ordinarily the passages g are closed, but when it is desired to work with gas-direct from the oven chambers then the passages g are opened allowing the gas generated in the oven chamber to enter the heating Hues.

Except for the differences shown and described as regards the modiication illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 it is substantially the same as the oven shown in Figs. l, 2, 3 and 4.

I claim:

l. In a horizontal Hue coke-oven, heating chambers, tongue walls subdzividing said 'heating chambers and forming a continuous heating Hue in a serpentine line, said tongue walls having longitudinal ducts with outlets, and means for supplying air and gas through said longitudinal ducts in the tongue Walls into said heating Hue to increase the degree of heat in the said heating Hue in a downward direction.

2. A coke oven having a plurality of oven chambers, heating chambers between the oven chambers, a plurality of horizontal tongue walls in each heatingchamber, the adjacent tongue walls extending from opposite ends of the heating chamber, so as to provide a continuous serpentine heating Hue, and means for supplying air and gas to the heating Hue through longitudinal ducts in said tongue walls. 3. In a horizontalv Hue coke-oven, heating chambers, tongue walls subdividing said heating chambers and forming a continuousv heating Hue in a serpentine line, said tongue walls having longitudinal ducts with outlets, means for supplying air and gas through said longitudinal ducts in the tongue walls into said heating Hue to increase the degree of heat in the said heat-ing Hue in a downward direction, and a vertical transverse vand the side walls of the heating chambers and subdividing said heating chambers to form two continuous heating Hues in aserpent-ine line, said tongue walls having longitudinal ducts therein provided with outlets, and means for supplying air and gasto said ducts to increase the degree of heat in the heatingHues in a downward direction.

5. A coke oven having a plurality of oven chambers, heating chambers betweenv the oven chambers, a plurality of horizontal tongue walls in each heating chamber, the adjacent tongue walls extending from opposite ends of the heating chamber so as to provide a continuous serpentine heating Hue and said tongue walls having longitudinal air and gas ducts extending therethrough, air and gas pipes on the exterior' of the oven connected ,to said ducts, and regulating devices in said pipes.

6. A coke o ven having a plurality of oven chambers, heating chambers between the oven chambers, a vertical partition in each heating chamber, horizontal tongue walls extending in opposite directions from said partitions, horizontal tongue Walls in eachv heating chamber extending toward the partition therein from the opposite wall of the chamber in staggered relation to the tongue walls extending lfrom the partition, all of said tongue walls'and s aid partitions having longitudinal ducts for gas and air therein, and means for supplying gas and air to said ducts.

7 In combination, a horizontal Hue cokeoven with heating Hues containing staggered partitions arranged to produce a sinuous downward passage, said partitions having longitudinal ducts with successive outlets for parallel supplies of gas and air to the stream of gas Howing through said passage, so that the temperature of saidA gas stream is increased as the stream progresses, with consequent increase of the temperature of said successive outlets and means for supplying gas and air to said ducts.

8. In combination, a horizontal Hue cokeoven with heating Hues containing staggered partitions arranged to produce a sinuous downward passage, said partitions having longitudinal ducts with successive outlets for parallelsupplies of gas and air to the stream of gas Howing through said passage, so that the temperature of said gas stream is increased as the steam progresses, with consequent increase of the temperature of said successive outlets, a vertical transverse partition in the heating ilues, and groups of staggered horizontal partitions on each side of said vertical partition, the latter having gas and air ducts communicating withA the ducts in alternate horizontal partitions.

9. In combination, a horizontal flue coke? oven with heating iues containing staggered partitions arranged to produce a sinul ous downward passage, said partitions having longitudinal ducts with successive outlets for parallel suppliesof gas and air to the stream of gas flowing through said passage, so that the temperature of said gasstream is increased as the stream progresses, with consequent increase of the temperature of said successive outlets, a vertical transverse partition in the heating flues, groups of staggeredhorizontal partitions on each side of said vertical partition, the latter having gas and air ducts communicating with the ducts in alternate horizontal partitions, and means for carrying gas and air to the ducts in the vertical partition. v

In witness whereof, I Ysubscribe my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

ATHEODOR voN BAUER.

Witnesses:

'HENRY HASPER, VVOLDEMAR HAUPT.

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