UA78985C2 - Straw and hay loading pickup - Google Patents

Abstract

A straw and hay loading pickup contains a frame, connected with an electric-power device by means of hitch frame and a telescopic drive shaft, which brings into action a bevel gear speed reducer, mounted on the frame, having two driven output shafts. One of the upper shafts brings into action a pickup device with a screw, by which the straw or hay are delivered into a pneumatic chamber, and the second one is a broadcaster arranged in the pneumatic chamber and purposed for delivery of the straw or hay into a straw duct arranged above the pneumatic chamber. A drive of the broadcaster is conducted with the aid of a belt system, which contains four removable pulleys and two belts. A driving pulley is mounted on the output shaft, which is an extension of an input driving shaft of the reducer, and the driven pulley, fixed on a projecting end of the shaft of the broadcaster. The two intermediate pulleys arranged on the same axis in the middle between the driving and driven pulleys have different diameters, that allows reaching the similar rotations of the broadcaster, while changing the rotations of the electric-power device, by means of reversing thereof with the corresponding pulleys arranged on the conical reducer and the broadcaster.

Description

Description of the invention

A pick-up truck - a straw and hay loader (hereinafter, a pick-up truck) refers to agricultural machinery and is intended for picking up and simultaneously loading straw or hay into vehicles that are moving next to or attached to the rear.

Currently, in agriculture, special machines such as PPL-F-1,6, PKT-F-20 and other balers are widely used for the selection and loading of straw and hay into vehicles. Catalog "Agricultural machinery" 1998. Moscow, p. 1331.

Close in purpose to the proposed pick-up truck is the pick-up loader of hay and straw materials, which is declared according to (Author's certificate Мо1042662 - АО1089/100, in 1981), but was not mass-produced.

The disadvantage of this machine is that the teeth of the upper rotor have a high linear speed of 17...20m/sec, and when they hit the dry hay, they shake the leaves and flowers from the stem, which are blown out by a strong air flow, which 12 leads to the loss of the most valuable fractions of the substance .

An analogue of the proposed machine can be a mower loader - grass and straw without grinding (patent on industrial model Mo571). The main disadvantage of this machine is that it has low productivity and unevenly and incompletely loads the trailer. To evenly place the straw on the trailer, it is necessary to keep an additional person in the body, which is dangerous and expensive. The disadvantages include the fact that the loading of the vehicle is carried out by a non-rotating belt conveyor, which cannot load the vehicle moving nearby.

The advantage of the analogue lies in the fact that when loading dry hay, especially medicinal herbs, the most useful and nutritious leaves and flowers are not lost, since there is no air flow and a system of mass feeding rollers. with

The prototype of the proposed machine is a mower - a loader of herbs, hay and straw KPT-2.4, which was developed by Bilotserkivsilmash OJSC.

The main purpose of this machine is to load straw and dry hay into vehicles, as well as mow grass and load it without chopping it into a trailer or other vehicle moving nearby.

The disadvantage of this machine is that the hay is fed by the pick-up into the chamber through a roller system, which partially breaks the hay, while small rubbed particles of leaves and flowers are blown away by the air flow and are lost. In addition, the roller system is often clogged with straw or hay, and it is necessary to spend additional non-productive time to restore the machine. For feeding straw and hay from the collecting Me. a 5-roll system with a complex drive is installed on the device for the thrower/ which significantly increases the metal consumption and the cost of the machine. A harvester for collecting herbs without grinding was not widely used and is not

Zo is recommended for production. -

The essence of the invention is that straw or hay is fed from the pick-up device with an auger directly into the pneumatic chamber through a window located in the side of the pneumatic chamber in the area of the exit of the air flow from the thrower into the straw pipe. The center of the window is shifted horizontally from the center of the thrower in the direction of the mass exit by an amount z equal to the difference in the radii of the shell of the pneumatic chamber and the thrower, and vertically the center of the window Z 50 is shifted down from the center of the thrower by an amount equal to 25, while the width of the window is 0.75-0.8 s of the diameter of the thrower, and the height is 0.6-0.7 of the diameter of the thrower. This position and shape of the window best ensures the flow of mass into the pneumatic chamber, which has been confirmed experimentally.

The value 5 and the position of the thrower relative to the shell are determined by calculations recommended by the relevant literature.

The pick-up drive is carried out by the power take-off shaft of the power tool through a conical gearbox, which has 7 one driver and two driven shanks, one of which is an extension of the driver and drives the thrower through

Ge | a system of pulleys and belts, and the second one, which is installed at an angle of 90 to the driving shank, activates the pick-up device with the help of stars and chain gears. ee, The thrower is connected to the shaft by means of a key. The shaft is fixed in the chamber on two bearings, fixation by 20 o'clock on the shaft in the axial direction is provided by a special nut, which has the shape of a hemisphere and is screwed onto the free end of the shaft from the side of the entrance to the straw chamber. The outer diameter of the nut has holes for a special key. The flat and smooth surface of the nut prevents straw or hay from winding up on the shaft during operation.

The technical solution of the invention is disclosed in the drawings. Fig. 1 shows the kinematic scheme of the pickup, and Fig. 22 shows the drawing of the pneumatic chamber and the thrower.

GF) The pick-up drive from the power source (tractor) is carried out from the power take-off shaft (PTO) 1 through the telescopic cardan shaft 2, cardan shaft 3, cardan shaft 4, conical reducer 5, which has two output shanks 6 and 7, from shank 6 it is actuated the thrower 8 with the help of the idler pulley 9 at the belt 10, intermediate pulleys 11 and 12, the belt 13 and the driven pulley 14. 60 The thrower 8 is fixed on the shaft 15 with the help of a key 16, and from axial displacement with a nut 17, which has the shape of a hemisphere, on the outer diameter of which has two or more holes 18 for a special key. The thrower shaft is mounted in the camera body on two bearings 27 and 28.

The driven shank 7 of the conical reducer activates the pick-up device 19 using a system of stars and chains. Because the pick-up truck works as follows: the pick-up truck is connected to the towing device of the power tool with a socket 20, the telescopic cardan 2 is put on the GDP. The power unit moves across the field with the pick-up in the direction shown by arrow "A" with the GDP on. The pick-up device with teeth 21 picks up straw or hay from the rolls and feeds them into the auger area 22, and the auger into the window 23 of the camera 24, the blades 25 of the thrower 8 create a powerful air flow that transports the straw or hay through the straw pipe 26 into the vehicles attached to the rear or moving next to each other.

Experimental samples of the PNO-1.8 pick-up have passed acceptance tests and are recommended for production.

The development of machines is planned to be carried out at the production facilities of "Romor-2" LLC in Bila Tserkva.

Claims (3)

The formula of the invention 1. Pick-up loader of straw and hay, which contains a frame connected to the power source (tractor) with the help of a shaft and a telescopic cardan shaft, which drives a bevel gearbox mounted on the frame, which has two driven output shafts, and one of shafts is driven by a pick-up device with an auger, which feeds straw or hay into the pneumatic chamber, and the second - a spreader placed in the pneumatic chamber and made with the possibility of feeding straw or hay into the straw pipe installed above the pneumatic chamber, which differs in that the spreader is driven by by means of a belt system, which contains four variable pulleys and two belts, while the drive pulley is mounted on the output shaft, which is an extension of the input drive shaft of the reducer, and the driven pulley is fixed on the projecting end of the thrower shaft, and the two intermediate pulleys are mounted on one axis in the middle between the driving and driven pulleys and have different diameters, with the possibility of their rearrangement with the corresponding pulleys installed on the conical in the reducer and the spreader to achieve the same rotations of the spreader when the revolutions of the power source change. 2. Straw and hay pick-up loader according to claim 1, which differs in that straw or hay is fed by a pick-up device into the pneumatic chamber through the window of the pneumatic chamber, the center of which is shifted relative to the center of the spreader shaft horizontally in the direction of the mass exit by the amount of 5, which is equal to the difference of the radii of the pneumatic chamber (o) and the spreader, and the vertical position of the center of the window is below the center of the spreader by a value equal to 25, while the width of the window is related to the diameter of the spreader as (0.75...0.8):21, and window height as (0.6...0.7):1. yu zo 3. Pick-up loader of straw and hay according to claim 1, which differs in that the spreader is fixed on the shaft from displacement in the axial direction by a blind nut, which has the shape of a hemisphere and on the surface of which holes for a key are made. Pho (ee) - - and? -i (ee) se) (ee) sl ime) 60 b5