UA77081C2 - Method for transportation of unit loads - Google Patents

Abstract

Unit loads (1) can be transported on an area having a certain length and width, the area for example being the bottom of a standardized container or a loading compartment of a railway goods wagon. In order to improve the tilling rate and to obviate damages to the transported goods, the respective lengths and widths of the unit loads to be transported are adjusted to together correspond to the length and width of the area. Further, each unit load is placed on two or more loading ledges (5), each ledge comprising an L-shaped profile having projections (7) for supporting the unit load at a certain distance over its support and being positioned at a lower edge of the unit load.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to a method of transporting cargo units on platforms having a certain length and 2 width, where the platform is, for example, the bottom of a standard container or the cargo compartment of a railway freight car.

Usually, cargo units are transported on standard wooden pallets or similar devices. their standard dimensions are 76 x 1140 mm in Asia and 800 x 1200 mm in Europe, but other sizes can be found. In the event that the cargo unit has one bottom dimension smaller than the corresponding size of the wooden pallet, the 70 occupied area in the container or in the cargo compartment will be determined by this pallet. On the other hand, when the load unit has at least one bottom dimension larger than the corresponding pallet size, other problems arise (EP-A-04620851.

As a result, the use of the available area (and volume) of the container or cargo compartment will be less efficient, or, in other words, its "degree of filling" will be low. Another disadvantage is that due to the presence of distances between adjacent cargo units, the goods being transported may suffer damage caused by shocks and vibrations during transport.

According to the invention, these problems can be eliminated in that the respective lengths and widths of the cargo units to be transported are coordinated to match the length and width of the platform, and in that each cargo unit is placed on two or more a number of 70 cargo shelves, where each cargo shelf is an I-shaped profile having protrusions for supporting the cargo unit at a certain distance above its support, and where this shelf is located at the lower edge of the cargo unit.

The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying illustrations, where:

Fig. 1 - a perspective of the cargo compartment in a freight car after the usual transportation of products stacked in a stack on wooden pallets, Ge)

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the given, as an example, cargo shelf to be used according to the invention, and

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of basically the same cargo compartment as shown in Fig. 1, but after the transportation of stacked products according to the invention. -

Fig. 1 shows the cargo compartment of a railway freight car in which products 1, which have the form of cardboard boxes, are transported. Products of different sizes are stacked on ordinary wooden pallets 2, the dimensions of which do not necessarily agree with the dimensions of the products 1 or with the dimensions of the cargo compartment. at

Figure 1 shows the situation that can be seen after the completion of transportation, which was accompanied by shocks and vibrations.

In the case shown, three wooden pallets 2, each with a stack of products 1, are placed on top of a stack of t longer products. The length of each individual product in the upper stacks is less than the length of its wooden pallet, which means that the smaller products will not fill the available space at all, even if the wooden pallets are likely to fill the calculated area. The consequence of this, as shown, is that products - "even if attempts are made to hold them on wooden pallets with band clamps - under the influence of З7З 70 forces applied during transport, can become loose and be damaged or even spoiled. c The result of this is both the obvious risks of causing serious damage to the transported goods, and the bad use of the available space. Indeed, if the products are placed as close to each other as possible, the so-called filling degree of the cargo compartment can increase practically by at least 35965.

It is obvious that poor use of volume leads to a decrease in the economy of transportation (in addition to the risks of 75 damage, as mentioned above). - As shown in Fig. 2, the core element of the method according to the invention is the cargo shelf 5. Preferably, it is an injection-molded I-shaped profile made of plastic that can be recycled for reuse, preferably polypropylene (PP). Its lower side 6 has protrusions 7, in the case shown three o protrusions, in order to keep the cargo unit above the ground or on another support and to enable (axle 50) to carry out cargo operations with the help of conventional lifting and transport equipment, which is used for goods on conventional wooden pallets, which are now widely used in the goods distribution system, Its upper side 8 is generally flat and must abut the vertical side surface of the cargo unit to be supported by the cargo shelves.

In practice (but this case is not limiting) the total length of the cargo shelf 5 can be equal to 997bOmm, and the width of the lower side 6 and the upper side 8 can reach, respectively, 180mm and 100mm. Performances 7

GF) can have a height of 35 mm and a width of 75 mm. The middle protrusion can have a length of 1bOhm, and each of the two outer protrusions can have a length of 75mm.

One of the factors for choosing 7b0mm as the length of the cargo shelf 5 is that the inner width of widely used standard 40-inch containers is 2.39 m, which means that three cargo shelves 5 fit into this width 60.

Two or more cargo shelves 5 are placed on the lower edges of the cargo units, and their protrusions 7 will serve to lift the cargo unit above its support, as a result of which cargo operations with the cargo unit can be performed with the help of the same lifting and transport equipment that is used for processing of goods on wooden pallets. The cargo unit with its cargo racks 65 is usually tied with circumferential tape clamps and/or wrapped with stretch or shrink material to keep the cargo unit securely intact. A wooden pallet is no longer needed for the processing of a cargo unit as cargo, its transportation and storage. If the cargo unit has a considerable length, two or even three cargo shelves can be installed on each of its lower edges.

When using cargo shelves 5 instead of ordinary wooden pallets, it is possible to achieve complete adaptability of the length and width of the cargo unit to the requirements related, for example, to the length and width of the platform intended for cargo units. Thus, the cargo compartment can have a much better degree of filling, and this leads to a significant increase in the cost-effectiveness of transportation and to a significant decrease in the number of damages to the transported products, which during transportation will not be able to move under the influence of shocks and vibrations.

This can be seen in Fig. 3, where the cargo compartment is shown, in which the lower cargo unit 1, with strap clamps and two cargo shelves 5 on each of its lower edges, has a length corresponding to the length of the cargo compartment, and the two upper cargo units 1, with tape clamps, have one cargo shelf 5 on each of their lower edges and have a total length that corresponds to the length of the cargo compartment.

In certain cases, the size of the packaging for the product is determined by the size of the product itself. However, if the product is, for example, a collapsible individual piece of furniture, then the different elements that together make up this piece of furniture can be packed in different ways, which means that different lengths in the package can be adjusted to fit into the dimensions of the cargo compartment. which should be used.

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention is a method of transporting cargo units (1) on a platform for transportation, which has a certain length and width, where the platform is, for example, the bottom of a standard container or the cargo compartment of a railway freight car, using shelves with an I-shaped profile, which has protrusions (7) for holding the load unit at a certain distance above its support, which is distinguished by the fact that the respective lengths and widths (o) of the load units (1) are coordinated so that they correspond to the length and width of the platform, while each load unit are placed on at least two cargo shelves (5), and the shelf is placed on the lower edge of the cargo unit. "- (ee) "c) in - - and? -i -i («c) (ee) - ime) 60 b5