UA72230C2 - A feeder for manufacturing the continuous fiber from basic rocks - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of the industry of fibrous construction materials, in particular, to devices for production of continuous fibers from the melt of basic rocks, e.g. basalt which may be used for obtaining woven and non-woven materials, constructional basalt-plastics and composites, during filtration of liquid and gas media, as cladding material in making threaded heat-insulated articles, as filer in plastics and shaping material in concrete. A feeder for manufacturing the continuous fiber from basic rocks involves the channel for passage of the melt and furnace with burners disposed above it. On the upper plane of lateral walls there are disposed gutters for pouring thin surface layer of melt to die feeders. Application of such feeder allows using die feeders of simplified structure with one feeder without jet feeders in an amount exceeding one, which reduces material expenses and power costs of production.

Description

The invention belongs to the industry of fibrous building materials, in particular to devices for the production of continuous fibers from the melt of basic rocks, such as basalt, which can be used for the production of woven and non-woven materials, structural basalt plastics and composites, when filtering liquid and gaseous media, as a facing material in the manufacture of stitched thermal insulation products, as aggregate in plastics and reinforcing material in concrete.

In the production of continuous fiber from the melt of basic rocks, the melt of the basic rock, for example, basalt, is obtained in a melting furnace, and then, with the help of a special device - a feeder, it is fed to a spinneret feeder to form a continuous fiber. At the same time, the fiber manufacturing process requires a high degree of temperature homogeneity of the melt.

A feeder without a jet feeder is used for the production of continuous glass fiber. In it, the glass mass enters through the holes in the bottom of the channel directly to the spinneret feeder.

The use of jet feeders in the production of basalt continuous fiber is forced by the differences in the properties of basalt melts compared to the properties of glass masses, namely: high crystallization temperature, radiation opacity and an extremely small temperature interval of working viscosities, which causes high requirements for temperature uniformity. basaltic melt. These requirements are provided by the jet feeder, which is used to remove the melt from the surface layer of the melt in the feeder channel.

Also, without a jet feeder, in the production of basalt continuous fiber, a feeder is used, in which there is no channel, and the surface thin layer of the melt flows onto the spin feeder directly from the furnace, which ensures sufficient temperature uniformity of the melt (USSR patent Mo 1248967 A1T, СОЗ3В37/09, 19861.

The disadvantage of the feeder is the impossibility of installing more than one feeder feeders on it, which limits the possibilities of the production area.

The closest technical solution to the proposed device is a feeder for the production of superfine and continuous fiber (Sb. "Basalt-fiber composite materials and constructions", Kyiv, "Naukova dumka", 1980, p. 59; 74). It is a channel made of refractory material resistant to the aggressive action of the melt, through which the melt obtained in the stone-smelting furnace moves to the fiber forming machines - spinner feeders. Above the channel there is a furnace that is heated by

With the help of gas-air mixture burners. At the bottom of the channel, along its longitudinal axis, there are production holes through which the ends of the tubular jet feeders are brought into the upper layer of the melt. With the help of jet feeders, the temperature-homogeneous melt from the upper layer enters the die feeders. Coming out of the die under the influence of its weight, the melt forms inflows, "bulbs", which are stretched into fibers by the pulling mechanism.

The main drawback of this technical solution is the presence of a jet feeder, with which additional needs of platinum rhodium, electricity consumption and electrical equipment are connected.

The invention is based on the task of improving the feeder for the production of continuous fiber from the melt of the main rocks, in which, by means of the constructive implementation of the trays in the upper part of the side walls of the channel, the arrival of a thin, temperature-uniform surface layer of the melt on the feeder feeders is achieved, which allows to reduce the material and energy costs of production continuous fiber due to the absence of jet feeders while maintaining the stability of the fiber forming process and product quality.

The task is solved due to the fact that the feeder for the production of continuous fiber from the melt of the main rocks includes a channel for the passage of the melt and a furnace with burners located above it. In the upper part of the side walls of the channel, horizontal troughs-trays are made, the axes of which are perpendicular to the axis of the feeder channel. The feeders are closely adjacent to the trays so that the upper part of the feeders is located at the level of the bottom of the trays.

The execution of horizontal troughs-trays in the upper part of the side walls of the feeder channel for the production of continuous fiber from the melt of the main rocks;/gives an opportunity without the use of jet feeders to reduce the material and energy costs of production and at the same time to maintain the stability of the fiber formation process and product quality.

In fig. 1 shows a cross-section of the feeder along A-A; in fig. 2 - section B-B along the feeder channel in plan; in fig. C - longitudinal section of feeder B-B.

The feeder is a channel 1 made of refractory material, above which there is a firebox 2 with burners 3. In the upper part of the side walls of the channel, horizontal troughs-trays 4 are made, the axes of which are perpendicular to the axis of the channel, to which the feeder feeders 5 are closely adjacent.

There are options for a feeder with trays on two side walls of the channel or on one of them.

The operation of the feeder for the production of continuous fiber from the melt of the main rocks is carried out as follows.

The melt obtained in the melting furnace 6 moves along the channel 1 and flows through the horizontal troughs-trays 4 onto the feeder feeders 5. The temperature regime of the melt in the feeder is maintained by the fuel burned in the furnace 2, which is fed into the furnace volume with the help of burners located above the channel 3 .Through the horizontal troughs-trays 4, a thin, temperature-homogeneous surface layer of the melt is placed on the die feeders.

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Claims (1)

A feeder for the production of continuous fiber from the melt of the main rocks, which includes a channel for the passage of the melt and a furnace with burners located above it, which is distinguished by the fact that in the upper part of the side walls of the channel, horizontal troughs-trays are made, the axes of which are perpendicular to the axis of the feeder channel, at the same time, the feeders are closely adjacent to the trays.