UA55979A - Method for preparation of bioactive food additives on the base of purple cone-flower (echinacea purpurea) and bioadditives prepared by this method - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for production of bioactive food additives by uniform mixing of liquid extract of purple cone-flower (Echinacea purpurea) with substrate for adsorption of bioactive substances thereof, followed by spheroidizing and drying with application of microcellulose of grinded purple cone-flower grass. In addition to purple cone-flower food additive contains other preparations of plant or synthetic origin, e.g. flour of cereals or other plants, vitamins, amino acids, microelements and ferments. Food additive spheroidizing is carried out with high-speed rotor-granulator. Food additive has a spheroid form of prescribed size.

Description

An interconnected group of inventions refers to feed production, namely to the production of phytospheroid feed additives enriched with biologically active substances from Echinacea purpurea, which can be used in the diets of farm animals and poultry as a separate additive to concentrated feed or as part of compound feed.

Echinacea purpurova (Espipasea rygrigea Moepsi) due to its unique chemical composition and pharmacological properties is currently very widely used in medicine. However, its use in animal husbandry is quite limited due to the lack of easy-to-use activated drugs. It is known that purple echinacea contains a unique complex of biologically active substances (polysaccharides, polyphenols, bioflavonoids, etc.), is rich in protein balanced by essential amino acids, accumulates selenium, zinc and other micro- and macroelements. The combination of all components ensures the ability of echinacea preparations to show immuno- and biostimulating properties, and in addition to compensate for the lack of biologically active substances in the diet of animals. The presence of stabilizers of lipid peroxidation (antioxidants) that normalize the membrane structures of cells in the body, increase the antioxidant capacity of tissues and the quality of produced products is quite valuable in echinacea.

It is also unique that Echinacea purpurea preparations cause changes only in weakened cells, without affecting healthy ones, that is, they have corrective properties. Thanks to this, they do not cause excessive excitement even with their long-term use and can be used in animal husbandry.

It is known to use dry roots and grass of Echinacea purple in animal husbandry in the form of decoctions or infusions |(1Й. A significant drawback of these Echinacea preparations is the need for daily long-term preparation (boiling, infusion, filtering), which is non-technological for mass use.

Therefore, they are used in animal husbandry only for therapeutic or prophylactic purposes.

Also known, selected as a prototype, is a feed additive made from Echinacea purpurea (21), which is used in animal husbandry to increase the sperm productivity of breeding bulls. It is its activity-normalized dry ground biomass. It is technological in use - it is used as an additive to concentrated feed or as part of compound feed.

However, this feed additive can be highly effective only for herbivorous (ruminant) animals. For quick assimilation in the body of omnivores, carnivores and birds, the biologically active substances of echinacea should be in extractive (activated) form.

There is a well-known method of making herbal flour and herbal granules from vegetable raw materials, which is used at feed mills and farms for the preparation of vitamin products (IZ). It consists in artificial drying of herbs at high (up to 9007C) temperatures. However, the use of high temperatures deactivates the biologically active substances of Echinacea purple, namely substances with antioxidant activity. In addition, this method does not produce a ready-made extracted form of biologically active substances. To obtain it, it is necessary to prepare infusions or decoctions every time before use.

The method of manufacturing spheroids of plant origin |41| by adsorbing the extracted biologically active substances of plant raw materials on a polymer substrate with subsequent microgranulation using microextrusion technology and drying at temperatures below 40"С is also known and chosen by us as a prototype. This method of manufacturing significantly increases activity of the obtained product: it contains biologically active substances in an extracted form, adsorbed on the substrate, thanks to which they acquire stability, and their action in the body is prolonged.

A significant drawback of the known method is the low productivity of production. It is used only for the production of biologically active food additives and medicinal products and cannot meet the needs of animal husbandry. In addition, the obtained product has biologically active substances only in the extracted form, while animals and birds can absorb biologically active substances from both extractive and herbal forms.

The invention is based on the task of developing a rapid method of manufacturing a phytospheroid feed additive by adsorbing the extracted biologically active substances of Echinacea purpurea, and sometimes additionally introduced synthetic drugs, on the microcellulose of its herbal form, which will increase its stability during storage and increase the biological effect during use , as well as obtaining such feed additives in the above-mentioned way.

The problem is solved by the fact that in the method of manufacturing spheroids of plant origin, the extracted biologically active substances of purple Echinacea are adsorbed on a substrate, spheronized and dried at 40"C. According to the invention, the substrate for the adsorption of extracted Echinacea is microcellulose ground into flour from its dry grass, and spheronization is carried out by the method If necessary, preparations of plant or synthetic origin, for example, grain flour, vitamins, amino acids, trace elements, etc., are additionally introduced into the extract or herbal part of echinacea.

Echinacea purple grass, especially its stems, is rich in fiber (more than 2595). When thoroughly crushed in a ball or hammer mill, the fiber of dry stems turns into a highly dispersed substrate - microcellulose, which serves as an adsorbent for biologically active substances of echinacea extract or additionally introduced drugs. Adsorbents can also be additionally introduced microcellulose of other plants, for example, the fiber of wheat grains or other plants.

The presence of the extractive part of Echinacea purpurea in the feed additive ensures a high level of rapid assimilation of its biologically active substances. This is the most active ingredient in the supplement. Its activity also increases due to the adsorption of biologically active substances on microcellulose, as on a carrier. At the same time, their immobilization takes place. Drugs immobilized on sorbents, as is known,

are characterized by prolonged action and extreme stability to environmental conditions, for example, to the conditions of the gastrointestinal tract - the acidity of gastric juice, the action of enzymes, temperature factors, etc. That is, the adsorption and immobilization of biologically active substances allows you to significantly reduce their dose to achieve the appropriate biological effect, or to obtain a greater biological effect compared to the use of the herbal form in the same dose. The biologically active substances of purple echinacea include substances with antioxidant properties. These natural antioxidants in an extracted (activated) form stabilize the peroxidation processes both in the animal body and in the feed additive itself, which increases its stability during storage. Phytospheroid feed additives contain, in addition to the extractive, herbal form of echinacea, due to which the biological effect is enhanced: the extractive biologically active substances are first absorbed and used by the body, and then their release and assimilation takes place from the herbal part of the supplement.

The biological effect of phytospheroid feed additives can be enhanced and even acquire a new quality due to the additional introduction of additives of biologically active preparations of other origin - vitamins, enzymes, amino acids, microelements, etc.

For rapid production of spheroids, the high-speed granulation method is used. It consists in the following: a precisely dosed portion of a powdered mixture of components, the basis of which is the herb Echinacea purple, is fed into the working chamber of the granulator. Under the action of the rapidly rotating rotor, it is thrown onto the wall of the cylindrical chamber of the granulator and forms a movable wall ring layer. At this time, a liquid is injected into the middle of this layer with a pump (as a rule, a decoction or extract of Echinacea purpurea - the extractive part of the additive). Agglomerates of wet powder are formed around the liquid droplets, which, under the influence of the rotor, take the form of spheroids on a layer of dry material and the walls of the chamber. The granulation time for different formulations ranges from 10 to 40 seconds.

The very method of manufacturing phytospheroid feed additives includes: extraction of biologically active substances of Echinacea purple, grinding of dry components of the additive, dosing, mixing, granulation, drying. The raw components, crushed on a hammer or ball mill 1, according to the recipe, are weighed on scales 2, mixed and fed to the receiving hopper 3, then to the high-speed rotary granulator 4, in which they are evenly distributed along its length. Echinacea extract or decoction (liquid) 5 is introduced by pump 6. After granulation, the wet granules of the additive enter the dryer 7, where drying takes place in a fluidized bed, with the temperature of the granules not exceeding 40"C. The drying time is 10-12 minutes. Changing mode parameters of the process with the help of an electronic remote control (speed of rotation of the rotor, rate of liquid introduction, its temperature, composition, time of granulation) and constituent components of the additive, it is possible to change the formulation and size of granules from 0.3 to 5 mm (Fig.).

The properties of phytospheroid feed additives based on purple echinacea are due to the complex of its biologically active substances, thanks to which they can be widely used in animal husbandry: to correct the resistance of animals, especially young animals; to increase their growth and development, increase meat productivity during fattening; increase in sperm productivity of breeding males as a result of stabilization of spermatogenesis and prolongation of their sexual use; in poultry farming - to increase the meat and egg productivity of chickens, prolong their reproductive period, improve the hatching qualities of eggs; in animal husbandry - to increase the output of high-grade fur products.

An additional advantage of phytospheroid feed additives from Echinacea purpurea is their technological use - the possibility of both individual and group use as part of compound feed. They have no side effects, with long-term use they leave agricultural products ecologically clean.

Phytospheroid feed additives from purple echinacea are a fundamentally new product, which differs significantly from others in that: they maximally preserve the initial activity of biologically active substances; they have the maximum rate of assimilation of biologically active substances, which are in extractive form, adsorbed on plant fibers (microcellulose); phytospheroids contain natural echinacea antioxidants in an active form, which stabilize peroxide processes both in the animal body and in the phytofodder additive itself during storage.

The examples provided are for illustration purposes only and should not be construed as limiting. The range of use of both the method of manufacturing phytospheroid biologically active feed additives and the additives themselves can be significantly expanded by changing their formulation for different types of animals, as well as for human biologically active food additives.

Example 1. "Echinacea phytospheroids ("FEU") is a phytospheroid biologically active supplement that consists only of the extracted and herbal parts of Echinacea purpurea without additional inclusion of other components.

Manufacturing method. Dry Echinacea purple grass was ground into flour in a ball mill, fed into the hopper of a high-speed rotary granulator, the rotor was turned on, and a decoction of Echinacea purple root was injected with a pump. Granulation was carried out for 20-30 seconds. The resulting wet spheroids were calibrated through a sieve and dried at a temperature of 40°C. The ratio of the herbal and liquid part of echinacea was about 1:1, that is, for 1 kg of herbal flour, a kg of decoction of echinacea roots was used and about a kg of dry additive was obtained. granulator is

BOokh/hour

Use: the obtained phytospheroids of Echinacea purpurea can be used by all types of animals both individually and as part of compound feed according to specially developed schemes of use.

The biological effectiveness of phytospheroids of Echinacea "FE" was tested at the Gavriliv Poultry Complex on Z groups of laying hens (50 heads each), which were together with roosters (5 heads each) to obtain hatching eggs - the "parent flock" during the period of their egg-laying decline ( before molting).

Breed of chickens: Plymouth - chickens, Cornish - roosters. The age of the chickens at the beginning of the research is 50 weeks.

All three groups were kept in the same conditions - on the floor and received the same amount of basic complete feed.

Hens and roosters of all groups were selected according to the principle of analogues: age, breed, weight and productivity.

Research continued for 2 months: | month -- preparatory period, II month -- experimental period. In the preparatory period, all birds received a control diet, in the experimental period - according to the following scheme:

The first group: the control group, which did not receive the echinacea supplement;

II group: experimental Moe1 (prototype) received, together with compound feed during the experimental period, crushed dry herb of Echinacea purpurea in the following ratio (wt.9o): dry herb of Echinacea (prototype) - 2g, traditional compound feed - the rest.

PI group: experimental Me2 (phytospheroids of Echinacea -- "FE") received together with combined fodder in the experimental period phytospheroids of Echinacea purple in the same ratio as in the prototype, namely -- 295 to combined fodder.

The results of the research are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

Productivity of laying hens (in the period of attenuation of egg-laying) when fed various feed additives from Echinacea purpurea

PI sana a i sia

Indicators MO1 - M2 - Pave "Up to 111111111 2 | 3 | 4 151 6 O1.111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 | 20 | 09 of the Code of Criminal Procedure 4. Breeding of chickens during incubation | HER 9 (77177771

The conducted studies show that feed additives from Echinacea purpurea improve the productivity of laying hens, as well as the quality of their eggs - egg mass, their hatchability. This difference is especially significant due to the Sunday feeding of echinacea -- in the last week of its use. The experimental bird was more active than the control bird throughout the experimental period.

The degree of effect of echinacea on the productivity of chickens, that is, the biological effect, depends on the type of feed additive. Echinacea phytospheroids improve the egg production of chickens much faster and more effectively than its herbal form. This difference is 1595 in the number of eggs and 295 in their weight, and hatching qualities improve by an average of 10905 (in the period of attenuation of egg laying).

Example 2. "Spheroid phytopremixes - "AMINOVITECH" ("AVE") are combined phytospheroid feed additives, which, in addition to the herbal and extractive form of Echinacea purpurea, additionally include: flour from cereal grains, amino acids, vitamins, trace elements, etc.

Method of manufacturing "AVE". Dry echinacea grass and cereal grains were ground into flour on a ball mill, mixed according to the recipe, amino acids were added and fed into the hopper of a rotary granulator. Salts of the necessary microelements or vitamins were dissolved in the decoction of the echinacea root and injected into the granulator in soluble form with a pump. Granulation and drying were carried out as in example 1.

Use: spheroid phytopremixes "AVE" are used exclusively in compound feed instead of existing premixes. For each species and age of animals and poultry, a special formulation has been developed in accordance with the existing physiological norms for the introduction of biologically active substances into compound feed.

The biological activity of the spheroid phytopremix "AVE" was tested on broilers of the Havriliv Poultry Complex "Agromars". For broilers, a spheroid phytopremix of the recipe "AVE-BOS-2" was prepared, which includes the following components: Echinacea purple grass flour - Збг, wheat flour - З4g, essential amino acids: lysine (as part of biolyz or liprot preparations) - 16g, methionine -- 8g;

salts of microelements: iron sulfate -- 0.5g, copper sulfate -- 0.25g, zinc sulfate -- 1.3g, manganese sulfate -- 1.35g, cobalt sulfate -- 20mg, potassium iodide -- Zmg, sodium selenium oxide -- - 2 mg; vitamins: vitamin E - 10Omg, vit. A - 62.5 thousand 1.O., Vit. D - 15 thousand 1.O., Vit. Vi - 1Omg, vit.

Ve - Z5mg, vit. Vz - bOmg, vit. Va - 1.5g, vit. B5 - 200 mg, vit. Ve - 15 mg, vit. B7 -- 1 mg, vit. Vi" - 150mcg, folic acid - 15mg, vit. Kz - 12.5 mg.

The spheroid phytopremix in a concentration of 20 kg per 1 ton was introduced into the composition of the standard compound feed for broilers, which did not have a premix, that is, in this compound feed, the special premix for broilers was replaced by the spheroid phytopremix "AVE-BO-2".

The research was conducted on 2 groups of KOBB-500 cross broilers of 100 heads each, which were selected immediately after birth according to the principle of similar groups. The conditions of maintenance and feeding of both groups fully corresponded to the international norms for cross-breeds KOBB-500 in order to ensure their effective development and obtaining maximum productivity in 42 days.

Chickens And! groups (control group) were fed control compound feed with standard premix for broilers "KVS 5". Chickens And! groups ("AVE" group) were fed the experimental compound feed with the phytospheroid feed additive declared by us ("AVE-BS-2" recipe for broilers), which was introduced into a similar control compound feed instead of the standard premix.

The results of the research are presented in Tables 2 and 3.

Table 2

The effect of the phytospheroid feed additive "AVE-BS-2" on the productivity of broilers. Feed consumption, kg/////7777777777711111111111111C111111Г111eg per head.//////777777777711111111111111111|1117117491 1117117491 11146 75 statistically significant difference

Table C

Calculation of the economic efficiency of phytofodder additives

Output of meat products (eviscerated carcasses) ОЙ 77777711 1 оВытратикорму.д/ 77777711 6 | Price of combined feed UAH. 171111 1074 | 77777777 114

The cost of production without the cost of feeding (for in | in 9 | Economic efficiency UAH. per 1,000 heads. | 77777111 sefsheinenteennnya |! 17 thousand UAH

The conducted studies show that the phytospheroid feed additive "AVE-BS-2" used for broilers as part of compound feed, compared to the standard premix: accelerates the growth and development of broiler chickens - the growth rate increases by 10.595 (p « 0.01); increases the weight of each eviscerated broiler carcass by an average of 150 g; increases the saving of livestock - by 390; reduces the consumption of compound feed during the growing period (42 days) -- 160g per head.

The economic efficiency of using phytospheroid feed additive "AVE-BS-2" for broilers during the period of their cultivation (42 days) amounted to UAH 1,227. for 1000 heads.

The above examples confirm the achievement of the technical result when using the claimed phytospheroid feed additives produced by the claimed method.

Sources. 1. V. S. Kalashnyk. The use of purple echinacea (Espipasea rygrigeea (I.) Moepsi) for the prevention of poultry diseases. Material! international scientific conference "Study and use of zinnias", Poltava, "Verstka", 1998, p. 129 - 130. 2. Patent of Ukraine Me10456 "Feed additive for male breeders of agricultural animals", IPC 5А23К1/16, 1998. 3. Intensive feed production technologies. Directory, Moscow, "Rosagropromizdat", 1991. 4. US Patent Me5733551, cl. A 61 K 35/78, 1998.

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Claims (6)

1. The method of manufacturing biologically active feed additives by evenly mixing the liquid extract of Echinacea purpurea with a substrate for adsorption of its biologically active substances, followed by spheronization and drying, which is characterized by the fact that the substrate for adsorption is microcellulose of carefully crushed dry grass of Echinacea purpurea. 2. The method according to claim 1, which differs in that, in addition to purple echinacea, the feed additive additionally includes other drugs of plant or synthetic origin, which are administered dissolved in a liquid extract of echinacea or by mixing with its dry component - herbal flour. C. The method according to claims 1, 2, which differs in that the spheronization of the feed additive is carried out in a high-speed rotary granulator. 4. Feed additive based on purple echinacea, which contains dried and crushed grass, which differs in that it contains extracted biologically active substances of echinacea, which are in an adsorbed state on the microcellulose of the grass mass of echinacea. 5. Feed supplement according to claim 4, which differs in that it can additionally include other preparations of vegetable or synthetic origin, for example, flour from the grain of cereals or other plants, vitamins, amino acids, trace elements or enzymes. 6. Feed supplement according to claims 4, 5, which is characterized by the fact that it has the form of spheroids with a given size from 0.3 to Bmmm.