UA51689C2 - Lifting drive for lifting beam - Google Patents

Abstract

Lifting drive for lifting beam that acts by effect of pneumatic, hydraulic, or electric forces is intended for installed with possibility of displacement along suspended guide rail of the lifting beam has multi-disc brake (9) with a muff (15) of free path that by means of mechanical tension spring (18) is held in position of retardation and can be released by means of force that makes de-fixation effect; through the drive shaft (13) of the lifting drive goes. In the going out from the muff (15) of free path end part (14) of the shaft (13) of the lifting drive, at the end side, a guide depression (27) is provided, for the installed pin of crank handle. By means of the crank handle at switched-off energy of the drive it is possible, from one side, to lift suspended at the lifting bean load with the use of the muff (15) of free path and, from the other side, to lower with overcoming the back force of the tension spring (18) at unloading the multi-disk brake (9)

Description

Description of the invention

The lifting beams form an integral part of the suspended movable connected trolleys, in particular, for 2 underground mine workings. With the help of such lifting beams, any loads can be transported, in particular, containers, artificial loads or even entire devices, such as, for example, frames for shield mounting.

For this purpose, lifting beams have lifting drives with a motor, transmission and lifting chain, which are actuated pneumatically, hydraulically or electrically. With the help of lifting drives, loads can be received, fixed for reliable transportation, and also lowered again. receive, fix for reliable transportation, and also lower again.

Lifting drives are equipped with brakes, which serve to ensure that when the power of the drive motors is turned off, the lifting drives can fix the loads in their position at any time.

In order to be able to raise and lower loads even when the drive power is turned off, to maintain the transportation mode, it is also known to equip lifting drives with crank handles 19 and brakes for lowering loads. Thanks to these auxiliary drives, it is possible to raise and lower loads manually.

Brakes for lowering loads, in particular with locking latches, require a lot of space, however.

This meets the practical requirements, in particular, of underground mining, only relatively. In addition, such brake devices are subject to relatively heavy wear. This, taking into account the special requirements for ensuring the safety of underground works, makes it necessary to constantly monitor and care for braking devices. However, the specifics of underground mining work lead to the fact that constant monitoring and care cannot always be carried out with due diligence. Therefore, it cannot be ruled out that due to lack of maintenance, the manual auxiliary drive will not work during a power outage. There may even be dangerous situations for the personnel operating the lifting beam caused by the load falling uncontrollably. p. 29 In order to take into account the occurrence of such problems, in practice, multi-disc brakes are used instead of brakes for lowering goods. Multi-disc brakes are more reliable in operation compared to brakes for lowering loads. In addition, they require much less maintenance because they are, in general, less wear and tear. However, multi-disc brakes, due to their design, have the feature that when the drive power is turned off, although it is possible to lower the load, this lowering cannot be carried out in a controlled manner. at 30 Rather, the loads are being lowered uncontrollably. It also creates hazards that are in direct conflict with the strict safety requirements of underground mining operations.

Manual lifting of loads when using multi-disc brakes is also still impossible. at

Based on the state of the art, the invention is based on the task of creating a lifting drive that "-- is actuated pneumatically, hydraulically or electrically for a lifting beam installed with the possibility of movement on 325 suspension tires, which also allows for controlled lifting when using a multi-disc brake and lowering the load when the drive power is turned off.

The solution to this problem is ensured by the fact that in the lifting drive for the lifting beam, installed with the possibility of moving along the suspended running rail, which has a multi-disc brake with a free-running clutch, a mechanical tension spring to hold the brake in the braking position, and the C 70 brake is installed with the possibility releasing with the help of a debraking force, and through this brake the shaft of the lifting drive passes, according to the invention, the end section of the hall of the lifting drive, which passes through the multi-disc brake and its free-running clutch, is equipped on the end side with a leash recess for inserting an insert crank arm trunnions. At the same time, the recess of the leash and the insert pin are functionally so coordinated with each other that when the crank handle is rotated in one direction - provided that the drive power is turned off - it can be successfully raised, and when the crank handle is rotated in the other direction - it can be lowered in a controlled manner without any problems cargo. - In this connection, a free-wheel clutch was added to the multi-disc brake, which allows the operator who maintains the lifting drive to manually rotate the shaft in the event that the crank handle stops rotating, and the multi-disc brake in connection with the free-wheel clutch automatically ensures the fixation of the position of the load at 20 o'clock in the position the reached height of lift.

On the other hand, the operator can, when lowering the load, purposefully reduce the braking force from the multi-disc brake so that an even, controlled lowering is ensured. At the same time, the operator can clearly match the effort he adds to them with the corresponding weight of the load. Discrepancies in this relative interaction can cause the load to tend to descend faster. In this way, the speed of rotation of the crank handle will, as it were, be overtaken. However, such an effect automatically leads to

GF) that then, under the action of the tension spring, the multi-disc brake closes again. Thus, the operator is forced to match his effort when turning the crank handle with the weight of the load to be lowered. o Thus, the invention combines in the best way the well-known properties of a multi-disc brake in terms of reliability, small volume and undemanding maintenance with the ability to controllably raise and lower 60 loads when the drive power is turned off.

The best variant of the invention is reflected in the features of clause 2 of the claims. When inserting the crank pin into the leash recess, the leash fingers slide in the axial grooves until they rest against the inner end of the axial grooves. If you then rotate the crank handle in the direction opposite to the inclined grooves, the shaft of the lifting drive is engaged using the freewheel clutch and the load can be lifted. If, on the contrary, the crank handle is rotated in the direction of the inclined grooves, then the insert pin slides deeper into the recess of the leash due to the leash fingers. Due to this combined radial-axial movement, the multi-disc brake is unloaded so that the load can be lowered.

Inclined grooves can run straight or along a helical line. The chain fingers can protrude beyond the perimeter of the insert pin. However, they can be a component of the pin, which penetrates across the constitutional trunnion of the pin.

In order to more accurately determine the position of the leash fingers at the inner end of the axial grooves, there, according to clause C of the claims, fixing grooves are provided. Thus, when the 7/0 leash fingers reach the inner end of the axial grooves, the leash fingers enter the locking grooves and thereby occupy a certain position, so that the crank handle can be rotated without hindrance.

At least a partial reduction of the braking force of a multi-disc brake is achieved using the features of clause 4 of the claims. For this, the plug-in trunnion of the crank handle has an end pressure pin. This pressure pin, when the leash fingers are inserted into the inclined grooves, comes into contact with the 7/5 end side of the sensitive pin installed in the shaft of the lifting drive with the possibility of axial movement. The sensitive pin, in turn, rests against a transverse pin, which is installed in a piston loaded on one side by a tension spring, in particular, a package of disc springs, and on the other side, - at least indirectly - by drive energy, so that the multi-disc brake is moved into position braking or is brought out of the braking position, at least with a partially reduced braking force. Thus, if there is no drive energy, the operator can, due to the combined axial and helical movement of the insert pin, move the piston against the return force of the tension spring so that the braking force of the multi-disc brake is at least partially removed.

If a hydraulically actuated motor is used for the lifting drive, then the working fluid for the motor is also used to unload the multi-disc brake. For an engine that is powered pneumatically, it will be compressed air. For an electrically driven engine, unloading can be done with the help of an anchor magnet. and)

Using the features of clause 5 of the claims, the operator gets the opportunity to determine the level of wear of the brake device. Thus, if the end side of the sensitive pin is still at a sufficient distance from the entrance of the hole in the shaft of the lifting drive, in which the sensitive pin is located, then such a position indicates (33 from the operator) that the brake device is in good condition. Approaching the end side of the sensitive pin to the entrance of the hole signals increasing wear, which ultimately forces the operator to take appropriate countermeasures directly or indirectly.

With the help of the features of item b of the claims, it is possible to fix both the normal working position of the lifting drive and the emergency or auxiliary position. If the drive power is connected, the shift lever - c5 is returned to the position in which the drive power flows unhindered to the motor and the lifting drive, but the leash recess is closed for any manual manipulation. Only when the drive energy is turned off, for example, when the wire is broken, the switching lever moves so that it is no longer possible to supply the drive energy to the engine and the engine can rotate freely. In addition, with the help of the connection of the switching lever with the locking lever, the entrance of the leash recess on the end section of the lifting drive shaft is freed, so that now it is possible to insert the insert pin of the crank handle She)s into the leash recess and it is possible to actuate the lifting drive manually. The switching lever and the locking lever are mainly single-armed levers that are connected to each other through a coupling with ;" a cobble stone.

In order to protect the switching lever and the locking lever, they are closed with an end plate in accordance with the features of clause 7 of the claims. In this end plate there are only slots for inserting the trunnion from the crank handle into the leash recess, and also for actuating a switching shaft connected to the lever, by means of which the power supply to the lift drive motor can be interrupted - so that the motor then can rotate freely.

Ge" To exclude additional auxiliary means according to clause 8 of the claims, the switching lever 5r can be turned with the help of a crank handle. For this, on the crank handle, in particular, on the co-axial extension of the rotary handle, there is a hole with an internal polyhedron, which can

It is worn on the external polyhedron on the shaft of the shift lever, so that in this way the shift lever can be turned from one position to another.

The invention is explained below using an example of implementation with the help of drawings, which show:

Fig. 1 - a schematic side view of a lifting beam suspended from a rail with a lifting drive;

Fig. 2 is a schematic front view on an enlarged scale of the lifting drive of the lifting beam of Fig. 1;

Ф) Fig. 3Z - a vertical partial section of the lifting drive in accordance with the section of the PN according to Fig. 2 on an enlarged scale;

Fig. 4 - detail of IM according to Fig. 3; in Fig. 5 - a horizontal section of the image in Fig. 4 along the line M-M;

Fig. 6 - the image according to Fig. 4 with the introduced crank handle when lifting the load;

Fig. 7 - the image according to Fig. 4 with the introduced crank handle during the lowering of the load;

Fig. 8 - a horizontal section of the image in Fig. 7 along the MPI-MPI line;

Fig. 9 - a view of the end on the image of Fig. C along the arrow ХХ in the first working position; 65 Fig. 10 - a view from the end of the image in Fig. C along the arrow IH in the second working position.

In Fig. 1, position 1 indicates a cross-sectional I-beam running rail (which is not shown)

composed of rail segments and suspended from the support of the underground mining development (not shown).

On the running rail 1, a lifting beam 2 is installed with the possibility of movement as a component part of the traction device, not shown elsewhere. For this purpose, support carts 3 are provided at the ends of the lifting beam 2. The lifting beam 2 has at one end a lifting drive 4 with a chain 5 and a load hook 6. Such a lifting beam 2 can, for example, be made with the possibility of connection with another identical lifting beam 2 into the parallel-reciprocal device. In this case, cargo hooks 6 are used to receive cargo formed, for example, by container I.

The lifting drive 4 has, as indicated in Fig. 1 and 2, an engine 7 with a control device 8 and a multi-disc /0 brake 9, which is hydraulically actuated, a transmission 10, as well as housings 11 for installing a chain wheel 12. The traction force is transmitted from engine 7 through the housing 11 to the gear 10 and back from the gear 10 to the chain wheel 12.

As shown in more detail in Fig. 3, the shaft 13 of the lifting drive with the final segment 14 passes through the freewheel clutch 15 as a component of the multi-disc brake 9. The 7/5 piston 17 rests on the multi-disc brake 9, which can be loaded on one side by a tension spring 18 in the form of a package of plate springs and on the other hand by hydraulic fluid in the space 19. If there is no working fluid in the space 19, the tension spring 18 compresses the discs of the multi-disc brake 9 together so that they perform their braking function. When the working fluid is supplied to the space 19, on the contrary, the tension spring 18 is compressed, so that the discs of the multi-disc brake 9 are unloaded, and the braking function is eliminated.

The piston 17 has radial grooves 20 on the end surface along the inner circumference, which include a transverse pin 21 installed in the grooves 22 of the shaft 13 of the lifting drive.

The sensitive pin 24 is in contact with the transverse pin 21 and is installed in the opening 23 of the shaft 13 of the lifting drive with the possibility of axial movement (see also fig. 4 and 5). Opposite to the transverse pin 21, the end side 25 of the sensitive pin 24 is located at a distance from the entrance 26 of the hole 23 in the end end recess 27 of the end section 14 of the shaft 13 of the lifting drive. The lead recess 27 has a cylindrical configuration. On the periphery of the leash recess 27, two outlets are provided from the end surface 28 of the shaft 13 of the lifting drive, located diametrically opposite to the axial grooves 29. At the inner end, the axial grooves 29 turn into inclined grooves 31, which pass obliquely to the middle axis 30 of the shaft 13 of the lifting drive. In addition, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 show that there are fixing grooves 32 on the inner end of the axial grooves 29.

In Fig. 3, position 33 indicates a rolling bearing for supporting the shaft 13 of the lifting drive. co

As shown in Fig. 3, 9 and 10, on the end side of the shaft 13 of the lifting drive, a lever 34 Ge is installed, the shaft 35 of which is equipped with a multifaceted protrusion 36 on the end side (see also Fig. 2). The shaft 35 is connected to a valve not shown, through which it is possible to interrupt and restore the supply of energy to --

Зз5 of the engine 7 of the lifting drive 4. ю

The switching lever 34 through the guide 37 with a rocker stone is connected to the locking lever 38, which serves to close or open the entrance 39 of the leash recess 27 (fig. 3, 4, 9 and 10).

The locking lever 38 is installed with the possibility of rotation on the opposite side of the shaft 35 of the lever 34 of switching the side of the input 39 of the leash recess 27 around the axis 40.

To protect the switching lever 34 and the locking lever 38, the end side of the lifting drive 4 with c is closed with an end plate 41 (fig. 2, C, 9 and 10).

An insert trunnion 42, which is shown in Fig. 2, 6, 7 and 8 of the crank, can be inserted into the leash recess 27; handles 43. The insert trunnion 42 has radially installed leash fingers 44 for engagement with the axial and inclined grooves 29, 31 of the leash recess 27 (fig. b - 8).

In addition, the insert pin 42 has a pressure pin 45 on the end side, which can come into contact with the sensitive pin 24 in the manner described in detail below.

In addition, the crank handle 43 on the extension of the handle 46 has a polyhedral sleeve 16, which can be connected with the polyhedral projection 36 on the shaft 35 of the switching lever 34 with a geometrical lock.

Ge" In the normal position of the manual drive, the switching lever 34 is turned, as shown in Fig. 9, 5or to the right. Due to this, the entrance 39 of the leash recess 27 is largely closed. In any case, it is impossible to insert the insert pin 42 into it.

Ge) When the power of the drive is turned off and, if it is necessary to lift the load I manually during such a power cut, then first, with the help of the crank handle 43 (or more precisely, the sleeve 16), it is necessary to return the switching lever 34 to the switching position shown in Fig. 10, so that it turns also the closing lever 38 and releases the input 39 of the leash recess 27. At the same time Through the shaft 35 of the switching lever 34, any further supply of energy to the motor 7 of the lifting drive 4 is stopped. The motor 7 can

F) rotate freely. Then the insert trunnion 42 is inserted into the leash recess so that the leash fingers 44 enter the fixing grooves 32 shown in Fig. 4 - 6. At the same time, the pressure pin 45 is still at a distance from the sensitive pin 24. Now you can rotate the crank handle 43, for example , in the clockwise direction, so that the shaft 13 of the lifting drive also rotates when using the clutch 15 of free movement, and the operator of the lifting drive 4 can lift the load I. At the same time, the multi-disc brake 9 is under the influence of the tension spring 18 in the braking position. If the operator releases the crank handle 43 again, the multi-disc brake 9 will lock the load I in the raised position.

In order to lower the load I, the operator rotates the crank handle 43 in the counterclockwise direction 65. Due to this, the plug-in pin according to Fig. 7 and 8 slides from the fixing grooves 32 into the inclined grooves 31. During this axial movement, the pressure pin 45 on the end side of the plug-in pin 42 comes into contact with the sensitive pin 24. Due to this, the sensitive pin 24 pushes transverse pin 21 and through the transverse pin 21 also the piston 17 against the turning force of the tension spring 18 to the left (Fig. 3), so that the multi-disc brake is unloaded.

Depending on the weight of the cargo | the operator can therefore carefully lower the load.

If at the same time the speed of lowering the load I. exceeds the speed of rotation of the crank handle 43, the tension spring 18 automatically comes into action and affects the multi-disc brake 9 so that further downward movement stops.

The operator must then start the descent process again.

Claims (5)

The formula of the invention 1. Lifting drive for the lifting beam (2), installed with the possibility of movement along the suspended running rail (1), which has a multi-disc brake (9), which is installed with the possibility of holding it in the braking position with the help of a mechanical tension spring and with the possibility of release by with the help of force that /5 releases the brakes, and through which the shaft (13) of the lifting drive passes, while the multi-disc brake (9) is also installed with the possibility of loading the piston (17), which is installed with the possibility of movement under the influence, on the one hand, of mechanical tension spring (18), and on the other hand, the debraking force, while the end section (14) of the shaft (13) of the lifting drive contains a leash recess (27) for connection with the insert pin (42) of the crank handle (43), with the help of which, when the drive power of the motor (7) of the lifting drive (4) is turned off, it is possible, on the one hand, to lift the load (I), which is suspended on the lifting beam (2) and, on the other hand, and lowering with overcoming the return force of the mechanical tension spring (18) when unloading the multi-disc brake (9), while for connecting the crank handle (43) from the periphery of the leash recess (27) in the protruding end section (14) of the shaft (13) of the lifting drive there are also two axial grooves (29) that pass diametrically opposite to each other for clutching with chain fingers (44) that depart from the insert pin (42) in the radial direction, while the axial grooves (29) are made in the form of inclined grooves (31), which pass with an inclination to the central axis (30) (about) the shaft (13) of the lifting drive, and at the same time, the insert pin (42) is connected from the end side to the piston (17) through the pressure element (45) , which is distinguished by the fact that the leash recess (27) departs from the end side (28) of the shaft (13) of the lifting drive and at its first inner end in one direction of rotation o z goes into inclined grooves (31), and in the second direction of rotation look into the fixing grooves (32) to determine the position of the crank handle (43) when lifting the load (I), while the pressure element (45) is made in the form of a pressure pin, which is coaxially located relative to the sensitive pin (24), which is installed with the possibility of axial displacement in the shaft (13) of the lifting drive and which is connected to the piston (17) through the transverse pin (21). -- 2. The lifting drive according to claim 1, which differs in that the front side (25) of the sensitive pin (24) is directed to the leash recess (27) in relation to the input (26), which is made in the shaft (13) of the lifting drive of the opening (23) , in which it is installed, shifted inside the hole (23). C. The drive according to claims 1 or 2, which differs in that the entrance (39) of the leash recess (27) in the end section (14) of the shaft (13) of the lifting drive is made with the possibility of closing with a locking lever (38), which is installed from with the possibility of rotation across its middle axis (30) and which is connected to the lever (34) with a switch to control the supply of drive energy to the motor (7) of the lifting drive (4). 4. The drive according to claim 3, which differs in that the locking lever (38) and the switching lever (34) are closed with an end plate (41). 5. Pretext according to para. C or 4, which is characterized by the fact that the shift lever (34) is installed with the possibility of turning with the help of a crank handle (43). 1 Official Bulletin "Industrial Property". Book 1 "Inventions, useful models, topographies of integrated circuits", 2002, M 12, 15.12.2002. State Department of Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Education and FD of Science of Ukraine. o 50 3e) F) ime) 60 b5