UA46880C2 - FABRIC STRUCTURE FOR PROTECTION AGAINST MOVING BLADE OF CHAIN SAW - Google Patents

Abstract

A sacrificial fabric structure is disclosed for protection from the moving chain in chain saws. The structure includes fabric woven in a loose satin weave.

Description

Description of the invention

This invention belongs to protective fabrics that provide protection against the danger of damage by the moving 2 blade of chain saws. The use of special fabrics for clothing, which provide protection against chain saws, has long been known.

Protective soft pads made of a large number of layers of nylon fabric are known. Nylon is woven with plain weave or 1/2 diagonal weave. Each layer is woven using an interlacing of strips that are more difficult to tear away from a given structure of the soft pad than when the layers are not interlaced (US patent 4 70. 279 956, 07/21/19811.

Also known is a soft pad made of so-called layers of fabric containing connected fibers from several types of knitwear (US patent 5395683, 7.03.1995).

A chain saw chainsaw fiber layer design is known in which the fabric is loosely woven from aramid yarn and several layers are loosely stitched to allow the fully torn layers to stop the 12 chain. This describes a linen fabric of simple weave (EPV application 202 183, 20.11.1986).

According to the present invention, the fabric structure that provides protection against a moving chainsaw blade comprises a large number of overlapping layers of fabric, sewn together, usually at the periphery of the layers, and made of a yarn with a tensile strength of at least 1 Ω/dtex ( decitex), and the stretch coefficient is at least 15Og/dtex, and the layers are woven with a satin weave in 1/x, where x has a value from 3 to 9.

A protective fabric structure containing a large number of superimposed layers of aramid yarn fabric is proposed.

In a preferred embodiment of the structure according to the present invention, an aramid yarn is used, which has at least 120 Odtex and is made of poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) fibers. The woven weave is predominantly 1/3 satin weave (also known as 4 satin webbing), and the superimposed layers of 22 fabric are preferably interspersed with felt layers. Go)

In fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a simple weave; in fig. 2 - diagonal weaving; in fig. C - satin weave; in fig. 4 - cross-sectional view of the protective structure according to the present invention.

The yarn used in the fabric structure of the present invention is a yarn formed from continuous fibers. The yarn is mostly made of aramid. "Aramid" means a polyamide in which at least 8595 amide compounds (-СО-МН-) are attached directly to two aromatic nuclei. Para-aramids are the primary polymers in the fiber of the present invention, while poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide (PPO-T) is primarily a para-aramid. Ge)

This invention is directed to the creation of chain saw protective materials and their use to stop the chain and thereby stop the chain saw motor to eliminate or reduce damage M caused by the chain. In the case of creating such a protective fabric against a chain saw, the component parts of the fabric must be made of strong fibers that are relatively easy to tear from the fabric and pull out when the chain moves. Thus, a fabric was created to provide protection against the moving blades of the chainsaw. "

It has been proven that aramid fibers can be particularly suitable when used in materials that C 50 provide protection against chain saws. The structure of the protective fabric according to the present invention contains a large number of layers made of aramid fibers woven with a special weave, which, in particular, as it turned out, have the property of providing effective protection.

Here, the inventors have discovered that a significant and unexpected improvement to chainsaw protection can be realized by combining the strength of aramid yarn and the use of a satin weave to impart fiber strength to a woven structure that can easily stop chainsaws. shk In fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. Stylized samples of the three main classes of weaving are depicted. Pas

Ge") fig. 1 is an example of a simple weave in which each weft yarn 1 passes over and under the warp yarn 2, interspersing each row and forming regular, relatively tight weft/warp intersections. In fig. so 2 is an example of a diagonal weave in which each weft yarn 1 passes over the warp yarn 2 in o 20 Checkerboard order to obtain a diagonal weave or a diagonal edge of the intersection of the wefts/warp. In fig. C is an example of a satin weave in which each weft 1 yarn passes over a warp c yarn in such a way that the C weft/warp intersections are distributed as evenly and widely as possible.

As shown in fig. C, in the satin weave, the maximum distance between weft/warp intersections is provided, as well as the maximum gap between adjacent weft/warp intersections. It was found that to protect 29 from the chain saw during its short-term contact with the fabric, greater protection will be provided by a fabric in which

GF) the number of weft/warp intersections is reduced to a minimum and the free length of this fiber is increased to a maximum. The satin weave increases the distance in all directions between the weft/warp intersections and creates a smoother surface for more layering of evenly laid fabric elements.

The present invention uses satin weave fabrics, and preferably 1/9 to 1/3 satin 60 weave. The most commonly used is 1/3 satin weave, also known as 4 satin lace, in which the weft yarn passes over one and under three warp yarns in continuous repetition, and the resulting weft intersections are spaced apart as far as possible. Satin weaves that are tighter than 1/3 create excessively loose fibers, with too many weft/warp intersections and poor chainsaw accessibility. It has been found that satin weaves that are looser 62 than 1/9 can produce weft yarns that are apt to tear the resulting fabric from the chainsaw too easily, creating excessive drag and little chain deceleration.

It was found that the aramid yarn used in this invention has a linear density of at least 20Odtex. The structure of the yarn, according to the present invention, should have a strength suitable to resist tearing or pulling the fabric before it is captured by the chain. The yarn should have a density of 200 to 340Odtex, preferably 1000 to 17OOdtex, and the threads in this yarn should be continuous and have a linear density of more than 1 and up to bdtex, preferably more than 1.5 and up to bdtex. The lower limits are necessary to achieve adequate protection, and the upper limits are more for the convenience of the process. If a yarn or fiber having a linear density greater than this limit is used, it is difficult to produce fabrics, and the 7/0 fabrics produced in this way are too stiff for easy processing.

It has also been found that, in addition to the thickness provided by the use of fabrics from yarns having at least 20Odtex and preferably at least 100Odtex, the fabric of the present invention should have such a high strength that it is sufficient to pull the fiber from it before it is torn by the moving chain .

The required yarn strength is obtained by using a yarn having a tensile strength of at least 10g/dtex, preferably at least 15dtex, and a stretch coefficient of 150 to 2000g/dtex, preferably 500 to 1500g/dtex. A ratio lower than 15Og/dtex will result in excessive fiber strength in use, while fibers with a ratio greater than 2000g/dtex will be too stiff for practical use. With a tensile strength of less than 1 Ohm/dtex, the fabric tears faster than it can be pulled into the chain.

Since strength is particularly important in this application, the upper limit for the tensile strength of the 2o Fiber data is not specified.

The fabric structure of the present invention can be made from a variety of high strength fibers made from polymers including, for example, branched chain polyolefins such as ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, high strength poly (vinyl alcohol), poly (ethylene naphthane) and poly (p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) and the like, which are added to poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide). high school

Chainsaw protection has been found to increase when adjacent layers of the protective structure are not joined in areas that require the most protection. In other words, the protective structures must not be sewn together, i) for example, with a cross stitch, with the base of the material. It was found that the layers stitched with it reduce the free length of the yarn for pulling the chainsaw tooth and, as a result, the effectiveness of the protective structure decreases.

When sewing layers of fabric together or when fastening them in a different way along the periphery, it is important that in the place of the probable o

From contact with the teeth of the chain saw, the individual layers of the protective material acted most independently.

The preferred design of the layers in the protective structure according to the present invention includes interlayers of woven material and felt material, mainly made of aramid staple fiber using the process of stitching them together with a needle or with the help of a hydropneumatic device. The felt is from 100 to 14 Ω/dtex and from 1 to 2.5 mm thick. Technical conditions for felt are given in Technical conditions 6170 - 40 re)

Department of Agriculture and the US Forest Service. "IS

In fig. 4 shows a protective structure 4 containing fabric layers 5 interspersed with a felt layer 6.

If necessary, a coating layer 7 is provided for decoration, comfort, waterproofing or other desired purposes. Cover layer 7 is a light inner or outer covering of fabric that does not participate in providing protection against the chain saw. "

Test methods in c The structure of the fabric of this invention was evaluated in accordance with ABTM E 1414-92a (Standard method of control measurement of resistance to cutting by a chainsaw of the lower part (support) of protective clothing). ;" Test results are given as Threshold Braking Speeds (THBs).

Except as may be otherwise specified herein, the control fabric structure is the fabric/felt interlayer material structure set forth in US Department of Agriculture and Forest Service Specification 6170-40. There are also Technical conditions on felt.

Examples

Me, Example 1 - Two fabrics were woven from continuous fibers of aramid yarn having a linear density

Go! 126 Odtex. The yarn had a tensile strength of 21.5g/dtex and a stretch coefficient of 85Og/dtex. The fibers in this yarn had a linear density of 1.6b5dtex. The yarn was sold to E.L. du Pont de Nemours and Company under the trade name

So KemagF k-49. o One of the fabrics had a simple weave of 17 x 17 with a weight of 170 g/m2. In this example, this tissue is used as a control or comparison.

The second of the fabrics was a 1/3 satin weave 17 x 17 (often called a "Houndsfoot weave") with a weight of 17Og/m7, o A control structure was created using a felt conforming to the requirements of Technical Conditions 6170-40 and made of para-aramid staple fiber, which has a surface density of approximately 200 g/m 2 and a thickness of approximately 1.5 mm.

The control structure contained two layers of woven material interspersed with two layers of felt, and 60 top and bottom were coating layers. The coating layers had an average weight of nylon clothing. The layers were sewn together only around the periphery of the layers. In all cases, the first layer under the top coating layer is woven from aramid fiber. The braking threshold speed is determined in accordance with ABTM E 1414-92a.

Threshold braking speed for two control structures is determined. 6B Sample (PSHG) (m/s) invention 13.6 - 15.0 prototype 11.5-12.2

Example 2 - Again two fabrics were woven from solid aramid yarn having a linear density of 126Odtex. The fibers in this yarn had a linear density of 1.bbdtex, and a tensile strength of 21.5g/dtex and a stretch factor of 674g/dtex. The yarn was sold by E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company under the trade name

Keimamke K-29.

One of the fabrics had a simple weave of 17 x 17 with a weight of 170 g/m?. This fabric in this example was for control and comparison. 70 The second of the fabrics had a satin weave (often called "Crow's Foot Weave") with a weight of 17Og/m.

The fabrics used were entirely of normal fiber and with the yarn residues that normally accompany existing commercial fabrics (so-called "greige" - "Sgeide"), and also in a form in which these fabrics were de-fibered by commercial means using water and detergent. Both forms were tested.

The tested structures are created using a felt that complies with the requirements of Technical Conditions 6170-40 and is made of para-aramid staple fiber with a regional density of approximately 200 g/m and a thickness of 1.5 mm 2

The tested structure contained two layers of woven material interspersed with two layers of felt, and 2o layers of coating were placed on top and bottom. The coating layers had an average weight of nylon clothing. The layers are connected together only along the periphery of the layers. In all cases, the first layer, which is located under the top layer of the coating, was woven from aramid fiber. Threshold braking speed is determined in accordance with

AZTM E 1414-92a.

Threshold braking speed of the tested structures is determined. with 6)

Claims (9)

The formula of the invention 1. A fabric structure for protection against a moving chainsaw blade, comprising overlapping layers of fabric made from yarns having a tensile strength of at least 10 g/dtex and a tensile strength of at least 150 g /dtex, and the fabric layers are woven in 1/x satin so weave, where x is in the range from 3 to 9. so 2. The structure of the fabric according to claim 1, which differs in that the yarn is an aramid yarn. Z. The structure of the fabric according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the yarn is made of fibers with a linear density of 1 to 8 dtex. that | Y Y " 4. The structure of the fabric according to claim 1, which differs in that the layers are sewn together only along their periphery. 5. The structure of the fabric according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that it contains at least one layer of felt. b. Fabric structure according to claim 5, which differs in that the layers of fabric and felt are alternated. 7. The structure of the fabric according to point b, which differs in that the felt is made of aramid staple fibers. " 8. The structure of the fabric according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the aramid yarn contains poly (p-phenylene 2 with terephthalamide) fibers. 9. The structure of the fabric according to claim 1, which differs in that the fabric is made of aramid yarn woven in . and? 1/3 satin weave. 10. The structure of the fabric according to claim 9, which is characterized by the fact that the aramid yarn contains poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) fibers. ChK" (o) (ee) (ee) (42) name) 60 b5