UA1731U - CONTINUOUS FILTER CENTRIFUGE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Continuous filter centrifuge, including drive, hollow shaft, perforated rotor mounted on it, power pipe, disk stop mounted inside the rotor with the possibility of rotation and inclination to the hollow shaft, the angle between the geometric axis of rotation of the disk stop and the axis the hollow shaft is 0.5-5 °, characterized in that inside the hollow shaft coaxially mounted on the inner shaft on which the disk stop is mounted, while the inner shaft is equipped with a reversible device. 2. The centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner shaft is equipped with an autonomous drive.

Description

A useful model refers to filter centrifuges and can be used to separate concentrated suspensions, for example, in the coal industry.

The well-known filter centrifuge is horizontal with pulsating sediment discharge of FHP, which includes a perforated rotor, a main shaft, a pusher located inside the rotor, a power hydraulic cylinder and an oil installation. The suspension is fed through the feed pipe into the rotor, where it is separated. The filtrate passes through the rotor screen and is removed from the centrifuge. The layer of sediment that forms on the surface of the rotor sieves during the forward movement of the pusher moves by the amount of the pusher stroke.

Thus, the pusher, which makes a pulsating movement, gradually moves the sediment along the rotor and discharges it in small portions into the sediment removal shaft (V.M. Lukyanenko, A.V. Taranets. "Centrifuges", Moscow, "Khimiya", 1988, pp. 130 - 133).

The disadvantages of this centrifuge include low productivity, which is due to the low frequency of pusher pulsations, approximately 60 double strokes per minute. In addition, the design of such a centrifuge is quite complex, it includes several components that are difficult to operate: an oil pump, a hydraulic cylinder, a system of hydraulic valves, a power hydraulic cylinder, and a coupling for the introduction of oil into the hydraulic cylinder. Operation requires the presence of a large amount of mineral oil, which requires periodic replacement.

There is also a continuous filter centrifuge with auger sediment discharge FVSh, which includes a conical rotor, an auger, a feed pipe, and a drive (V.M. Lukyanenko, A.V. Taranets. "Centrifuges",

Moscow, "Khimiya", 1988, pp. 218 - 219). In this design, sediment is moved along the walls of the rotor by an auger in the direction from the narrow section of the rotor to the wide one.

The disadvantages of this design include the short residence time of the suspension in the rotor, which is the reason for the high humidity of the resulting sediment.

The design of the centrifuge is rather complex: it has an inconvenient-to-manufacture auger, a gearbox with high-precision gears. In the process of operation, the auger quickly fails due to the abrasive action of the sediment, which is moved by the auger.

The closest analogue of the proposed design is a continuous-action centrifuge that includes a perforated rotor mounted on a hollow shaft, a perforated distribution cone is located inside it, a feed pipe, inside the rotor on a fixed axis, a coaxial hollow shaft with the possibility of rotation, a disc stop is installed at an angle, while the angle between with the geometric axis of rotation of the disk stop and the hollow shaft is 0.5 - 5" (authentic certificate of the USSR Mo 1750736 "Centrifuge of non-preemptive action", op. 30.07.92, Bull. Mo 28).

The positive quality of the nearest analogue is high performance compared to the above analogues and simplicity of design.

The disadvantages of this centrifuge include the impossibility of adjusting the sediment discharge rate, which strictly depends only on the speed of rotation of the rotor. The residence time of this sediment in the rotor depends on the rate of sediment discharge from the rotor. In turn, the residence time of the sediment in the rotor of the centrifuge determines the humidity of the obtained sediment. The longer the sediment stays in the rotor, the drier the sediment can be obtained at the exit of the centrifuge and vice versa.

The invention is based on the technical task of creating such a continuous filtering centrifuge in which, due to the presence of an internal shaft and the peculiarities of its execution, it would be possible to change the time the sediment remains in the centrifuge and, due to this, to regulate the humidity of the obtained sediment. The technical result, which is achieved when using this technical solution, consists in regulating the humidity of the sediment obtained at the exit of the centrifuge.

This technical result is achieved by the fact that in a centrifuge of continuous filtering action, which includes a drive, a hollow shaft, a perforated rotor is mounted on it, a feed pipe, a disc stop is installed inside the rotor with the possibility of rotation and with an inclination to the hollow shaft, while the angle between the geometric axis of rotation of the disk stop and the axis of the hollow shaft is 0.5 - 5", according to the invention, an inner shaft is coaxially installed inside the hollow shaft, on which the disk stop is mounted, while the inner shaft is equipped with a reversing device.

In addition, the inner shaft is equipped with an autonomous drive.

The comparison analysis with the closest analogue shows that the claimed centrifuge differs in that inside the hollow shaft, an inner shaft is installed coaxially to it, on which a disk stop is mounted, while the inner shaft is equipped with a reversing device.

In addition, the inner shaft is equipped with an autonomous drive.

The causal relationship between the set of essential features and the technical result achieved is as follows.

For further use of the sediment obtained at the exit of the centrifuge, its humidity is of great importance. In most cases, a sediment with the minimum possible moisture is required. But there are exceptions, when for further use the sediment may have significant moisture. In order to regulate the humidity of the sediment during centrifugation, it is necessary to regulate the geometric performance of the centrifuge. The value of this productivity determines the sediment discharge rate from the centrifuge, which depends on the time the sediment remains in the rotor. The lower the rate of sediment discharge, the longer the sediment stays in the centrifuge and, accordingly, the lower the humidity of the sediment can be obtained at the outlet.

The presence of the internal shaft, on which the disc stop is mounted and its reversing device equipment, ensure the adjustment of the geometric performance of the centrifuge, i.e. the rate of sediment discharge.

The essence of the invention is explained by graphic materials, where Fig. 1 shows the general view of the centrifuge, Fig. 2 - view B of Fig. 1 (enlarged), Fig. 3 - the inner shaft of the centrifuge, equipped with an autonomous drive according to item 2.

The continuous filtering centrifuge includes drive 1, bed 2, on which it is installed in bearings

A hollow shaft 4. A perforated rotor 5 is mounted on this shaft. Inside the hollow shaft 4, an inner shaft 6 on bearings 7 is installed coaxially with it. On the inner shaft 6, inside the rotor with the possibility of rotation and with an inclination to the hollow shaft 4, a disk stop 8 on bearings is installed 9. The angle between the geometric axis of rotation 10 of the disk stop 8 and the axis 11 of the hollow shaft is 0.5 - 57. The inner shaft b is equipped with a reversing device 12, with the help of which the inner shaft 6 rotates in different directions. The centrifuge also contains a casing 13, inside which a perforated distribution cone 14 is installed. The centrifuge includes a feed pipe 15, a fugat collection cone 16, as well as fugat outlet nozzles 17 and 18 and a sediment discharge shaft 19.

In a separate case of implementation, the inner shaft b, on which the disk stop is installed, is equipped with an autonomous drive 20.

The centrifuge works as follows.

The suspension to be separated is fed through the feed pipe 15 into the perforated distribution cone 14, where it is spun up to a certain speed and gets rid of part of the liquid phase, which is removed along the fugat collecting cone 16 through the fugat discharge nozzle 17 from the centrifuge. Then the suspension enters the perforated rotor 5, where its final separation occurs under the action of dedenting forces. The filtrate passes through the holes of the perforated rotor 5, enters the casing 13, from where it is discharged from the centrifuge through the fugat discharge nozzle 18.

In the process of dewatering the suspension in the rotor 5, a layer of sediment is formed on the inner surface of the rotor 5. The sediment is pressed against the rotor by the dedented force, and due to the forces that wedge the skeleton of the sediment, it is pressed against the disc stop 8.

Sediment particles move together with the rotor 5 in a circle. At the same time, the sediment particles that are adjacent to the disk stop push against it, and thereby shift in the axial direction of the rotor 5. The sediment layer is continuously squeezed out by the sediment particles that push onto the disk stop 8. Due to the frictional forces between the sediment and the disk stop 8, the latter spins, which significantly reduces the abrasive wear of the disk stop and prevents the grinding of sediment particles. The sediment is discharged from the centrifuge through the sediment discharge shaft 19.

The amount of sediment that is removed from the rotor in one revolution of the rotor 5 is determined by the angle c formed by the axis of rotation 10 of the disk stop and the axis 11 of the hollow shaft 4.

Given the thickness of the layer of sediment P, the diameter of the rotor O and the angle formed by the axis of rotation of the disc stop and the axis of the hollow shaft a, the amount of sediment that is removed in one rotation of the rotor is determined by the formula:

U - tОгп x Yido; imu) (1) 2 where M is the amount of sediment that is removed in one rotation of the rotor.

Under the condition of immobility of the axis on which the disk stop is installed (as in the closest analogue), if the rotor rotates with a frequency of pr revolutions per second, then the geometric performance (3 is: 2 v-t xpr m? / sec) (g)

Under the condition of using the internal shaft b, on which the disc stop 8 is installed, the geometric performance is determined by the formula: 2 v - put (pr - pv), ІМ? / sec) (3) where pv is the rotation frequency of the inner shaft on which the disk stop is installed (revolutions per second).

If the direction of rotation of the inner shaft, on which the disk stop is installed, coincides with the direction of rotation of the rotor, then the value (pr - pv) decreases, that is, the geometric performance of the centrifuge decreases, and, therefore, the sediment discharge process from the centrifuge slows down.

On the contrary: if the direction of rotation of the inner shaft, on which the disk stop is installed, does not coincide with the direction of rotation of the rotor, then the value (pr - pv), where "-" turns into "zh", increases. This means that the geometric productivity of the centrifuge also increases, which means that the sediment discharge process from the centrifuge accelerates.

The direction of rotation of the shaft 6, on which the disk stop 8 is installed, is changed using the reversing device 12.

Thus, changing the value (pr - pv) provides regulation of the sediment discharge process from the centrifuge, i.e. regulation of the humidity of the sediment obtained in the process of centrifugation.

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Claims (2)

1. Centrifuge of continuous action filter, which includes a drive, a hollow shaft, a perforated rotor mounted on it, a feed pipe, a disk stop installed inside the rotor with the possibility of rotation and with an inclination to the hollow shaft, while the angle between the geometric axis of rotation of the disk stop and the axis of the hollow the shaft is 0.5 --52, which differs in that inside the hollow shaft, an inner shaft is installed coaxially to it, on which a disc stop is mounted, while the inner shaft is equipped with a reversing device. 2. Centrifuge according to claim 1, which differs in that the inner shaft is equipped with an autonomous drive.