UA149072U - Scissor-type separator - Google Patents

Abstract

A scissor-type separator comprising a hopper and separating lever sections comprises overflow shelves, each of which comprises a lid, a flat sieve and a tray, as well as longitudinal and transverse partitions forming sections, each of which houses several rubber balls. the separating section-lever of the lower pair is equipped with an axis on which the rollers are located and to which the "screw-nut" transmission is connected. The movable frame, on which the separation sections-levers are located, is located on four elastic supports on a fixed frame, and on the fixed frame there is also a drive and an eccentric, which is connected by a rod to the slider. In addition, there are four vertical columns on the fixed frame, which are equipped on one side with loading chutes, and on the other side are equipped with unloading chutes with dampers. Moreover, the loading and unloading chutes are located in pairs, but at different levels, also inside each vertical column are guides.

Description

The useful model can be applied to the fractionation of bulk materials or the separation of mixtures of bulk materials in the mining, metallurgical, chemical, construction, processing and food industries, as well as in agriculture.

A known cascade separator containing a bed on which an eccentric mechanism with a drive and a movable carriage with an adjustment mechanism are located on top. There are two bunkers on the sides of the bed. In addition, the separator contains a system of sections-lever, which are connected in the "scissors" type. Sections-lever are equipped with grate bodies, each of which contains a flat grate, under which is a two-sloped pallet, and corrugated sleeves |see. Patent

of Ukraine Me139608, cl. A23 M15/00, VO7 B13/11, B09 B1/00, 2020|.

Disadvantages of the separator are the complex and metal-intensive design of the mechanism for driving the sieves into an oscillating motion, as well as the possibility of separating the loose material into several fractions at the same time.

A known vibration-cascade separator, which contains a fixed frame with loading nozzles, on which a movable frame is located on elastic supports. On the moving frame there is a vibration exciter with a drive, an adjustment mechanism and a system of lever sections, which are connected by the "scissors" type and equipped with overflow shelves. Each overflow shelf contains a flat sieve and a pallet |see Patent of Ukraine Me138942, cl. VO7 B1/00, VO7 B13/00, VO7

B13/11, 2019

The disadvantage of the separator is the significant metal consumption due to the location of the vibratory exciter with the drive on a bulky frame structure. Also, the separator does not provide simultaneous separation of loose material into several fractions.

The closest analog of a useful model is a scissor-type separator, which contains a platform to which four sliders are fixedly attached, connected by means of connecting rods with four eccentrics. In addition, the separator contains a hopper and separating sections-lever connected in pairs. Each separating section-lever is equipped with an overflow shelf containing a flat sieve and a tray. Longitudinal and transverse partitions are installed between the flat sieve and the pallet, forming sections, in each of which several rubber balls are placed. A cover is provided above the flat sieve. Also, the separating section-lever of the lower pair is equipped with an axis on which the rollers are located and to which the “gtvint-nut” gear is attached (see Fig.

Co., Ltd.) Patent of Ukraine Me146814, cl. А23М15/00, VO7 В1/00, VO7 VIZ/11, 2021|.

The disadvantage of the separator is the bulky and metal-intensive drive in the oscillating movement of the separating sections-lever. The separator is structurally not provided with the possibility of simultaneous separation of loose material into several fractions.

The useful model is based on the task of obtaining a new technical result in a scissor-type separator by changing its design, which consists in the fact that the separator contains one eccentric, which, through the connecting rod, causes the slider to reciprocate, as a result of the periodic contact with which the moving frame moves with the separators sections-lever, which is located on four elastic supports, carries out an oscillating movement. Such a design solution simplifies the drive into the oscillating movement of the separating sections-lever and, accordingly, reduces the dimensions and metal consumption of the structure. In addition, the vertical columns provided in the design allow separation of loose material into several fractions at the same time.

The task is solved by the fact that in a scissor-type separator containing a hopper and separating sections-lever, which are equipped with overflow shelves, each of which contains a cover, a flat sieve and a tray, as well as longitudinal and transverse partitions forming sections, in each of in which several rubber balls are placed, in addition, the separating section-lever of the lower pair is equipped with an axis on which the rollers are located and to which the "screw-nut" transmission is attached, according to a useful model, the movable frame on which the separating sections-lever are located is located on four elastic supports on a fixed frame, and the drive and eccentric are also located on the fixed frame, which are connected by means of a connecting rod with a slider, in addition, there are four vertical columns on the fixed frame, which are equipped on one side with loading chutes, and on the other sides are equipped with unloading chutes with flaps, and the loading and unloading chutes are located in pairs, but on different sides outside them, also inside each vertical column there are guides.

The essence of the useful model is explained by the drawing, which shows the scissor-type separator. In fig. 1 - scissor-type separator; in fig. 2 - a schematic representation of an eccentric connected to a slider through a connecting rod; in fig. Z - separating section-lever; in fig. 4 - separating section-lever of the upper pair; in fig. 5 - overflow shelf; in fig. b - longitudinal section of the overburden shelf (fragment); in fig. 7 - vertical column (fragment).

The scissor-type separator contains a fixed frame 1, on which a movable frame 3 is located on four elastic supports 2. The drive 4 and eccentric 5 are also located on the fixed frame 1, which is connected by means of the connecting rod 6 to the slider 7. The slider 7 is located in the vertical guide 8, which ensures its reciprocating movement along the vertical.

Separating lever sections are located on the moving frame C. Six separating sections - levers 9 of the same design are connected in pairs crosswise (like "scissors") with the help of hinges. Pairs of separating sections-lever 9 are located one above the other and are also connected by hinges. Each of these separating sections-lever 9 contains two overflow shelves 10.

Two separating sections-lever 11 of the same design form the upper pair. Each separating section-lever 11 of the upper pair contains one overflow shelf 10. The separating sections-lever 11 of the upper pair are connected to each other from above by means of hinges, and from below - connected by means of hinges to the separating sections-lever 9, which are located below .

Above the upper pair of separating sections-lever 11 is a hopper 12 with two discharge openings and flaps (not shown in the drawings). In the upper part of the separating sections-lever 11 of the upper pair, guiding grooves 13 for the supports of the hopper 12 are provided.

All overflow shelves 10 have the same design. The overflow shelf 10 contains a flat sieve 14, under which a pallet 15 is located. A cover 16 is provided above the flat sieve 14, and between the flat sieve 14 and the pallet 15 longitudinal and transverse partitions 17 are installed, which form sections, in each of which several rubber balls 18 are placed. A gap is provided between the partitions 17 and the pallet 15, the size of which ensures the movement of the fine fraction of loose material separated on the flat sieve 14 by the pallet 15. At the end of the pallet 15 (in the direction of movement of the separated fine fraction of loose material), an inclined guide 19 is provided, to which a chute 20 for the separated fine fraction of loose material is attached. A sleeve 21 for loose material is attached to the ends of the flat sieve 14 and cover 16 (in the direction of movement of the loose material) at one end. The second end of the sleeve 21 is located above the beginning of the flat sieve 14 (in the direction of movement of the bulk material) of the overflow shelf 10, located below. Sleeves 21 lower overflow shelves 10 separating sections-lever 9

From the lower pair, they are located in such a way that they direct the loose material at the end of the separation into the unloading mechanisms 22.

One separating section-lever 9 of the lower pair is fixed on the movable frame C by means of hinges, and the second separating section-lever 9 of the lower pair is equipped with an axis 23, on which there are rollers 24, which are made with the possibility of movement by the movable frame 3. In addition, to the axis 23, the transmission "screw-nut" 25 is connected, which provides the possibility of changing the angle and inclination of the flat sieves 14 to the horizon depending on the physical and mechanical properties of the bulk material entering the separation.

On the stationary frame 1, on one side of the separating sections of the levers 9 and 11, there are also four vertical columns 26, which are equipped on one side with loading chutes 27, and on the other side with unloading chutes 28 with flaps 29.

Loading 27 and unloading chutes 28 are located in pairs, but at different levels, and in each pair the loading chute 27 is located higher. Also inside each vertical column 26 there are guides 30, which can be in a vertical position and an inclined position. If the guide 30 is in an inclined position, it connects the loading 27 and unloading 28 chutes of one pair.

The vertical columns 26 are located in such a way relative to the separating sections-lever 9 and 11 that all the chutes 20 of the overflow shelves 10 direct the separated fine fraction (fractions) of the bulk material into the corresponding loading chutes 27 of the vertical columns 26. In the lower part of the vertical columns 26, unloading mechanisms are provided 31 separated small fractions of loose material. Vertical columns 26 are made with the possibility of changing their position on the fixed frame 1 depending on the angle of inclination of the flat grates 14.

In the scissor-type separator, the possibility of replacing the flat sieves 14 of all bulk shelves 10 is structurally provided, taking into account the size and shape of the fraction (fractions) of the bulk material, which must be separated during separation.

A scissor-type separator works like this.

Taking into account the characteristics of the bulk material that enters the separation, with the help of the "screw-nut" transmission 25, the separating sections-lever 9 and 11 are installed in a position in which the required angle a of the inclination of the flat sieves 14 to the horizon will be provided to ensure the movement of the bulk material material with flat sieves 14 down. For this, with the help of the "screw-nut" transmission 25, the axis 23 with the rollers 24 is moved in the required direction, which leads either to the raising of the separating sections-lever 9 and 11 (increasing the angle a), or to the lowering of the separating sections-lever 9 and 11 (decreasing angle c).

Flat sieves 14 with openings of the required size and shape are installed on all overflow shelves 10. If the bulk material needs to be divided into two fractions, respectively, the same flat sieves 14 are installed on all bulk shelves 10. If it is necessary to divide the bulk material into several fractions, then flat sieves 14 with different sizes or shapes of holes are installed, but on symmetrical bulk shelves 10 relative to the vertical axis of the separator, identical flat sieves 14 are installed. The supports of the hopper 12 are fixed in the guide grooves 13 and loose material is loaded into the hopper 12.

The drive 4 of the eccentric 5 is turned on, which causes the reciprocating movement of the slider 7 in the vertical guide 8. During the upward movement of the slider 7 along the vertical, it hits the movable frame C, after which it moves up together with the slider 7. After the slider 7 reaches the uppermost position, it starts to move down, and the movable frame C together with the separating sections-lever 9 and 11 begins to oscillate on the elastic supports 2. The oscillations continue until the slider 7 hits the movable frame 3 again, after which the cycle repeated

When the shutters are open, the loose material from the hopper 12 enters the flat sieves 14 of the overflow shelves 10 of the separating sections-lever 11 of the upper pair. Since the separation process takes place similarly on the overflow shelves 10 of all separation sections-lever 9 and 11, we will consider the course of this process on one overflow shelf 10.

During the movement of the bulk material down the flat sieve 14 of the overflow shelf 10, its fine fraction passes through the holes in the flat sieve 14 and ends up on the pallet 15. The bulk material moves through the flat sieve 14 down to the sleeve 21, which directs it to the upper part of the flat sieve 14 of the overflow shelf 10 below. The provided covers 16 above the flat sieves 14 of the overflow shelves 10 make it possible for particles of loose material to escape beyond the boundaries of the flat sieves 14, which is possible due to the oscillating movement of the separating sections-lever 9 and 11, as well as when the loose material exits the sleeves 21 onto the flat sieves 14. In this at the same time, the separated small fraction of loose material that passed through the holes in the flat sieve 14 and ended up in the gap between the pallet 15 and the partitions 17 moves down

From the surface of the pallet 15 of the overflow shelf 10 to the inclined guide 19, which is directed into the chute 20. From the chute 20, the separated fine fraction of loose material enters the loading chute 27 of the vertical column 26. The process of moving the separated fraction (fractions) of loose material in all vertical columns 26 takes place similarly, so let's consider its course in one of them. If the loose material is divided into two fractions, then all the valves 29 of the vertical column 26 are closed, and the guides 30 are set in a vertical position. In this case, the separated fine fraction of bulk material from the chutes 20 of the overflow shelves 10 enters the loading chutes 27 of the vertical column 26, which are directed inside the vertical column 26. In the vertical column 26, the separated fine fraction of the bulk material moves down and is discharged from it by the unloading mechanism 31. If the bulk material is divided into several fractions, then the shutters 29 of the vertical column 26 are open (taking into account the number of fractions into which the bulk material is divided), and the guides 30, which are next to the open shutters 29, are in an inclined position. In this case, each separated fraction of loose material that has passed through the holes of the flat sieves 14, from the chutes 20 of the overflow shelves 10, enters the loading chutes 27 of the vertical column 26, which is directed inside the vertical column 26, where it moves through the guides 30 to the unloading chutes 28, through which it is unloaded outside.

As a result of the oscillating movement of the separating sections-lever U and 11, the rubber balls 18, which are placed in the sections between the partitions 17, bounce, hit the lower part of the flat sieve 14 and knock out particles of loose material stuck in the holes of the flat sieve 14.

The presence of longitudinal and transverse partitions 17 limits the movement of rubber balls 18 at the boundaries of the sections. The oscillating movement of the separating sections-lever U and 11 also intensifies the process of separating loose material, reduces the probability of jamming on the working surfaces of the scissor-type separator, and ensures uniform distribution of loose material across the width of the flat sieves 14.

Loose material moves from the hopper 12 in two separate streams (left and right). In each stream, the loose material passes through all overflow shelves 10 (on one side from the vertical axis of the separator) from top to bottom, on each of which the separation process takes place in the manner described above. Separated small fraction (fractions) of bulk material are supplied from each overflow shelf 10 to the corresponding vertical column 26 in the manner described above.

The bulk material from the flat sieves 14 of the lower overflow shelves 10 of the separating section levers in the lower pair is directed in two streams through the sleeves 21 to the unloading mechanisms 22.

The proposed constructive solution of the scissor-type separator makes it possible to simplify the drive of the separating section levers into an oscillating motion and reduce the metal consumption of the structure. In addition, the design provides vertical columns, which allow, if necessary, simultaneous separation of loose material into several fractions.

Claims (1)

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