UA146548U - LINE FOR MANUFACTURE OF DRINKING TUBES FROM PLANT STEMS - Google Patents

Abstract

The line for making drinking tubes from plant stems includes a machine for cutting plant stems at the level of the part - tube blanks, soaking unit, installation for lighting blanks and drying unit. In addition, it contains a machine for grinding, a unit for grinding workpieces, an air blowing unit for internal and external surfaces of workpieces and a rinsing unit. The component lines are connected in series in the following order: a machine for cutting plant stems, a machine for shredding, a workpiece grinding unit, a blowing unit, a soaking unit, a lighting unit, a polishing unit and a drying unit, which are interconnected by belt conveyors. The cutting machine is equipped with circular saws and a conductor installation. 1

Description

The useful model belongs to the production of objects to meet human needs and can be used in the production of drinking straws from the stems of plants, for example, families of sedges (reeds, sedges, downy grass, sedges, sedges) and cereals (rye, wheat, millet, rice, couch grass).

The closest analogue of the utility model is the well-known line for the production of drinking straws from reed stalks (patent of Ukraine for the utility model Mo 139340, МПК А476 21/18, В260 1/11, publ. 12/26/2019), which contains a device for cutting from blanks of straws for drinking into equal parts, also includes devices for cleaning the cane stem from leaves, a box for placing vertically cut into equal parts of cane stems, a container for working fluid with an internal attachment for the boxes and at least one nozzle for supplying the working fluid solution and at least one hole for draining the working fluid solution.

The disadvantages of the closest analogue are: - the lack of a stage of grinding the ends of the cut cane stalks leads to the fact that the products have rough ends or ends with burrs and cracks. The use of such straws when drinking can lead to injuries to the lips and oral cavity. In addition, it is not advisable to give such products to children under 7 years of age, since one careless movement with a straw can lead to injuries, such as scratches on the body; - the use of one container for the working fluid to feed the solution of the working fluids, namely such as stated in the utility model: pre-heated alkaline solution, pre-heated oxidizing solution and water, leads to the fact that the last (most important stage) washing with water takes place in the container , which is contaminated with the remains of an alkaline solution and an oxidizing solution. And, as a result, substances harmful to the human body remain in the tubular body of straws, which is very undesirable.

The useful model is based on the task of improving the well-known line for the production of drinking straws from plant stems, which, thanks to the inclusion of new components in its composition, ensures the production of the final product - straws whose ends are smooth and smooth, which makes it impossible to get injured when using them. An additional task of the useful model is the production of drinking straws, which are made of ecological materials that do not pollute the environment after disposal.

The task is solved by a line for the production of drinking straws from plant stems, which includes a machine for cutting plant stems into equal parts - tube blanks, a soaking unit, a device for illuminating the blanks and a drying unit, according to a useful model, additionally contains a felting machine , a unit for grinding blanks, a unit for air blowing the inner and outer surfaces of the blanks, and a polishing unit, and the component lines are connected in series in the following order - a machine for cutting plant stems, a felting machine, a unit for grinding blanks, a blowing unit, a soaking unit, a unit for lighting, a rinsing unit and a drying unit, which are connected to each other by belt conveyors, and the cutting machine is equipped with circular saws and a conductor unit.

In addition, the line additionally includes a quartz sand blowing unit of the inner and outer surfaces of the workpieces, which is installed after the air blowing unit.

In addition, the felting machine is equipped with a felting drum with felting bodies.

In addition, the workpiece grinding unit contains a table on which vertical forms made of wood of different heights are fixed.

In addition, the air blowing unit contains an electric compressor.

In addition, the lighting installation contains a boiler, which is equipped with a heating system and an automatic system of temperature regulation, supply and bubbling of warm air, steam removal, cooling of steam and their return to the boiler, supply of the active mixture, draining, droplet supply of reagents, circulation of the active mixture.

In addition, the soaking unit contains washing machines of the drum type.

In addition, the drying unit is made in the form of a drying cabinet with reverse draft.

The use of a cutting machine, which is equipped with circular saws and a conductor installation, makes it impossible to get burrs on the end of the workpiece and ensures an even cut.

The use of a felting machine provides additional grinding of the ends of the workpieces.

The use of the polishing unit provides additional polishing of the workpieces from the alkaline solution.

A useful model is explained by the drawings, where in Fig. 1 schematically shows a cutting machine, in Fig. 2 - a machine for felting, in Fig. With - installation for lighting, on

Fig. 4 - installation for polishing, in Fig. 5 - drying cabinet.

The functioning of the useful model is explained by the following implementation example.

Pre-prepared reed stalks are transported to isolated-closed warehouses and treated with ozone for at least 1 hour using the OZ3OH-6b0 ozonator. This prevents infection of line workers with pathogenic bacteria (fungus, leptospirosis). Next, the disinfected stems are pre-dried. In an isolated room with an intake and exhaust ventilation system, the temperature is raised from the ambient temperature to 50 °C no faster than in 3 hours. The stems are kept at this temperature for 12-24 hours. The stems can have a diameter from 3 to 15 mm.

Next, the stems are submitted to the stage of cutting the plant stems into equal parts - tube blanks. The machine for cutting (as shown in Fig. 1) contains a power unit 1, a belt transmission 2, a cutting cutter with a shaft 3, a front conductor 4, a table with patterns 5, a table for stems b and a measuring ruler 7. For cutting hard stems, a high-speed a machine with a rotation frequency of at least 20 thousand revolutions per minute, which is equipped with circular saws with a diameter of 30 to 120 mm and a conductor unit 4, which prevents burrs on the end of the workpiece and ensures an even cut at an angle of 90 degrees.

Conductor unit 4 is equipped with a template for obtaining equal blanks of the given length, with an accuracy of up to 1 mm. The stems are cut into blanks 10 to 25 cm long. Then the blanks are loaded into containers with lids vertically. Containers made of food-grade heat-resistant plastic or food-grade stainless metal are used. These containers are moved on belt conveyors through tube processing nodes.

The cut blanks are fed to the felting process, which is carried out on a felting machine, which contains (as shown in Fig. 2) a felting drum 8 with felting bodies, a power plant with a reducer 9, a chain transmission 10 and rolls 11. The felting of each batch of blanks is carried out by a train 1 hour. This helps to remove the remains of dirt and leaves from the workpieces and to polish the sharp ends of the workpieces.

Next, the workpieces are fed to the workpiece grinding unit. The blanks are inserted

From vertically into special forms made of wood, which are fixed on the table. Forms of a certain height are used for each length of the workpiece. Mechanically, with a manual or electric tool using a grinding disc, all workpieces are brought to a single height standard.

Next, the blanks are fed to the unit for air blowing the inner and outer surfaces of the blanks. Blowing is carried out with the help of an electric compressor under a pressure of 3-5 atmospheres. Using the long and short nozzles of the blow gun, each workpiece is blown individually in the inner area and on the sides, thus removing fluff, cotton wool, garbage, insects.

In the event that the blanks that were rejected at the end of the process because the protective film was damaged in the middle, they are sent to the stage of blowing with fine quartz sand for better cleaning. At this stage, a sandblasting unit and a sandblasting gun are used.

Next, containers with blanks are moved to the soaking unit, where the process of soaking, washing and rinsing takes place in drum-type washing machines at a temperature of 80 "C with the addition of concentrated high-alkaline low-foaming detergents for 2 hours.

This additional process is necessary to clean the workpiece from dust, dirt and the inside of the stem that remained after blowing.

Next, containers with blanks are moved to the installation for lighting (which is shown in Fig

Fig. 3). The installation includes: container 12, bubbling comb 13, bubbling pipeline 14, mixture feed pump 15, drain tap 16, dropper 17, cover 18, electric tan 19, temperature sensor 20, steam exhaust pipe 21, cold water coil 22. Blanks in in a vertical position, they are loaded into a non-hermetic container (not shown), which is made, for example, of plastic, wood, stainless steel, and immersed in an active mixture for 3-24 hours in a special container - a boiler 12. The process of lighting the blanks is based on the processes of lighting cellulose hydroxide alkaline mixtures used in the paper industry. Concentrated hydroxide covers the workpiece by 2/3 of its height. The pH of the active mixture is 7-9 units and is monitored throughout the process. With the help of a high-pressure vortex pump 15 at 250C, warm air at 68C is pumped into the boiler through the bubble comb 13. The active mixture, saturated with air, washes the workpieces from the outside and inside. All gases and vapors are captured through the breather hole and passed through the cooling system. Cooled vapors, in the form of a liquid, return under their own weight.

The boiler is equipped with a heating system 19 and an automatic system of thermoregulation, supply and bubbling of warm air, removal of steam, cooling of steam and their return to the boiler, supply of the active mixture, draining, cleaning and droplet supply of reagents, circulation of the active mixture.

The boiler is closed from above with a tight lid 18 with a dioptre. To store heat, the boiler is insulated from the outside. The boiler can be round or square.

After achieving the optimal color, the blanks are moved to the polishing unit (which is shown in Fig. 4). The rinsing unit contains: a bath 23, a bubbling comb 24, a bubbling pipeline 25, a drain tap 26, a dropper 27, a temperature sensor 28, a lid 29. The workpieces are placed in a special bath made of food-grade plastic or stainless food-grade metal, where the process of rinsing the alkaline solution takes place . An acidic solution of citric or acetic acid and purified water is used. pH of the solution is reduced to 2-3 units. Warm air of 68 "С is supplied to the bubble comb for 12 hours. The mixture is replaced with purified water and warm air is supplied for 4 hours. The bath can be round or square.

Next, the blanks are fed to the drying unit, which is made in the form of a vertical drying cabinet. The drying unit contains (as shown in Fig. 5): cabinet 30, boiler 31, air pump 32, power unit 33, temperature sensor 34. Drying of the blanks is carried out in the cabinet 30 with a return draft of warm air at a temperature of 68 "C for 4-12 hours . The draft of air through the vertical cabinet is carried out with the help of a high-pressure electric-air pump 32 of the HO 2500 type. The cabinet can be made of wood, or stainless steel, or food-grade plastic. Above the cabinet is an electric or other boiler 31 with a power of, for example, 20 kW.

Next, the dried tubes, in special plastic containers, are moved to a room where the manufactured tubes are sorted. When sorting, broken, unlit, uncleaned in the middle of the workpiece are rejected and returned to the repeated production cycle.

Ready-made tubes are sorted according to the diameter of 3-15 mm. Next, on a special device, with the help of a laser unit, an inscription or logo is applied to the side of the tube.

Then the finished products are sterilized in a sterilization cabinet, in which ozone disinfection is carried out using the OZON-60 unit for 1 hour.

Ready tubes are packed in paper bags of 200 pieces and loaded into vacuum polyethylene bags and cardboard boxes of 5-7-10 thousand pieces. The air from the vacuum bags is sucked out by a portable air pump. Special manual or automatic lines with a disinfection system are used for individual packaging of tubes.

Storage of finished packaged products is carried out in an isolated type of room, in compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards for these rooms.

The useful model allows you to get environmentally friendly products - tubes that are absolutely safe for use, as they do not have sharp ends and do not contain harmful impurities, and due to 100 95 plant origin, they have a beneficial effect on the environment.

Claims (8)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. A line for the production of drinking straws from plant stems, containing a machine for cutting plant stems into equal parts - tube blanks, a soaking unit, a device for illuminating the blanks and a drying unit, which is distinguished by the fact that it additionally contains a felting machine, a grinding unit workpieces, a unit for air blowing the inner and outer surfaces of the workpieces and a polishing unit, and the component lines are connected in series in the following order: a machine for cutting plant stems, a felting machine, a unit for grinding the workpieces, a blowing unit, a soaking unit, a lighting unit, a polishing unit and a drying unit, which are connected to each other by belt conveyors, and the cutting machine is equipped with disc saws and a conductor unit. 2. The line according to claim 1, which is distinguished by the fact that it additionally contains a unit for blowing the inner and outer surfaces of the workpieces with quartz sand, which is installed behind the air blowing unit. Q. The line according to claim 1, which differs in that the crimping machine is equipped with a crimping drum with crimping bodies. 4. The line according to claim 1, which differs in that the workpiece grinding unit contains a table on which vertical wooden forms of different heights are fixed. 5. The line according to claim 1, which differs in that the air blowing unit contains an electric compressor. b. The line according to claim 1, which differs in that the installation for lighting contains a boiler, which is equipped with a heating system and an automatic system of temperature regulation, supply and bubbling of warm air, removal of steam, cooling of steam and their return to the boiler, supply of the active mixture, draining, drip supply reagents, circulation of the active mixture. 7. The line according to claim 1, which differs in that the soaking unit contains drum-type washing machines. 8. The line according to claim 1, which differs in that the drying unit is made in the form of a drying cabinet with reverse draft. их 0) V i rr r zh po nnya y yah Fig. 1 fig. 2 o y y e) t shk that her she 2 o) p y er IZ ; B is 13) not Z p i Shu sno shi oodnnaya Fig. З 29) 9 8 where тТ335Й8ИЙВБШБШБВВВВВБВВВВШБВВВВВШШШШУЗЙШЗБЗШБВВЗШШШБШБШШШБВЗЕШШИШШ55З 7 ev Fig. 4 A and Y F I and 2) FIG.