UA136367U - BOILER SOLID FUEL WATER HEATING - Google Patents

Abstract

Solid fuel boiler contains a housing with a chimney, loading hole and inlet and outlet pipes, made in the form of a water jacket formed by double walls of the housing, placed in the housing of the furnace with grate and heat exchanger, water pipe system installed above the furnace, air supply system comprising a primary air supply means and a blower located under the grate, a secondary air supply system comprising secondary air supply ducts with a damper and a nozzle. The primary air supply system and the secondary air supply system are made with the possibility of adjustable air supply to the furnace. Additionally, on the rear wall of the housing is installed, connected to the chimney of the boiler, a flue gas cleaning device with a system of radial surfaces, made in the form of a narrowed down hollow box, one of the walls of which is the wall of the housing. As a means of supplying primary air using an exhaust fan, which is installed on the outer surface of the flue gas cleaning device and connected by the suction part with the hollow box, and the pressure part with the chimney of the boiler. The chimney is equipped with a damper, the position of which allows either for direct release of flue gases into the atmosphere, or through a flue gas cleaning device and an exhaust fan.

Description

The useful model belongs to heat energy, namely, to water heating boilers operating on solid fuel (firewood, peat briquettes, briquetted sawdust, coal), which can be used for heating residential and other premises.

Solid fuel water heating boiler |1|, which contains a case with a chimney, a loading hole and inlet and outlet pipes, made in the form of a water jacket formed by double walls of the case, a furnace with a grate and a heat exchanger are placed in the case, a system of water heating pipes installed above the furnace, a primary air supply system containing a means of supplying primary air and a blower placed under the grille, a secondary air supply system containing secondary air supply air ducts with a damper and nozzles, a primary air supply system and a secondary air supply system made with the possibility of adjustable air supply in the furnace

The solid-fuel water-heating boiler |(1|) is the closest to the proposed one in terms of characteristics and the result that can be achieved, and was chosen as the closest analogue.

The main disadvantage of the closest analogue is that during the operation of a solid-fuel water-heating boiler, flue gases that have not been cleaned of solid particles (ash) enter the atmosphere through the chimney, which pollute the environment. The legislation prohibits the use of such boilers without installing additional flue gas cleaning systems in boiler rooms, which include cyclones and exhaust fans. This requires additional funds for the installation of such systems and additional areas for placing them in the boiler room or nearby.

It should also be noted that the temperature of flue gases at the outlet of a solid-fuel water heating boiler |(1| is quite high, which means that the heat from fuel combustion in the boiler is not fully used, which in turn is not economical and does not allow to achieve high efficiency. (High temperature output gases leads to a decrease in efficiency and an increase in fuel consumption.)

The useful model is based on the task of improving the boiler's technical performance in a solid-fuel water heating boiler by equipping it with a flue gas cleaning device, one of the walls of which is the casing wall, and an exhaust fan.

The task is solved in a solid-fuel water-heating boiler, which contains a casing with a chimney, loading hole and inlet and outlet nozzles, made in

In the form of a water jacket formed by the double walls of the housing, a furnace with a grate and a heat exchanger, a system of water heating pipes installed above the furnace, a primary air supply system containing a means of supplying primary air and a blower placed under the grate, a system of secondary air supply are placed in the housing , which contains secondary air supply air ducts with a damper and nozzles, primary air supply system

Z5 and the secondary air supply system are made with the possibility of adjustable air supply to the furnace. According to the useful model, a device for cleaning flue gases with a system of radial surfaces is additionally installed on the rear wall of the housing, connected to the boiler chimney, made in the form of a hollow box narrowed downwards, one of the walls of which is the wall of the housing, as a means of supplying primary air, an exhaust fan is used, which installed on the outer surface of the flue gas cleaning device and connected by the suction part to the hollow box, and the pressure part to the boiler flue, the flue is equipped with a shutter-plug, the position of which makes it possible either for the direct release of flue gases into the atmosphere, or through the flue gas cleaning device gases and an exhaust fan.

Additional installation on the rear wall of the housing, a flue gas cleaning device, made in the form of a downwardly narrowed hollow box with a system of radial surfaces and connected to the boiler chimney, and an exhaust fan connected by the suction part to the hollow box, and the pressure part to the boiler chimney, in essence, it is a flue gas cleaning system integrated into a solid fuel water heating boiler. As a result of the operation of such a boiler, already purified flue gases are released from the boiler chimney. This allows the proposed solid-fuel water-heating boiler to achieve a high coefficient of cleaning flue gases from solid inclusions, compared to the nearest analogue, and eliminates the need for additional installation of a cyclone and an exhaust fan in the boiler room.

Installing the flue gas cleaning device on the rear wall of the proposed boiler, one of the walls of which is the body wall, allows you to get another heat exchange surface and provide additional heat extraction from the flue gases that have entered the flue gas cleaning device, and increase the efficiency of the solid fuel water heating boiler.

Installation of a shutter-plug in the chimney, in the position of overlapping the chimney, allows you to direct the flue gases into the flue gas cleaning device and contributes to the achievement of the above-mentioned results in increasing the technical coefficients. In some cases, for example, when the exhaust fan is turned off in an emergency, the temporary installation of a damper-plug in the chimney in the position from the outside allows the boiler to continue working and does not require the installation of a bypass chimney for such cases when a solid fuel water heating boiler is installed separately | 1| and flue gas cleaning systems.

An additional positive effect is expressed in the following. During the operation of the proposed solid-fuel water-heating boiler, thanks to the exhaust fan, conditions are created in which the penetration of flue gases through the boiler service door into the boiler room is excluded.

The essence of the useful model is explained by the following graphic materials.

In Fig. 1 shows a solid fuel water heating boiler (side view);

In Fig. 2 shows a solid fuel water heating boiler (rear view);

In Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section of a solid fuel water heating boiler;

In Fig. 4 shows the cross-section of a solid-fuel 4 water-heating boiler.

The solid fuel water heating boiler (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. C, Fig. 4) contains a housing 1 with a loading hole 2 located on the front wall of the housing 1. The housing 1 is made in the form of a water jacket formed by its double walls and equipped with nozzles , connected to the heating system: inlet C for supplying cold water to housing 1 and outlet 4 for hot water output. In the front part of the housing 1, there is a furnace 5, which is formed by the walls of the housing 1. The bottom of the furnace is equipped with a grate 6. In the housing 1, there is a heat exchanger made in the form of a water jacket 7, inside which there are heat pipes 8, connected to the air space of the furnace 5 and the chimney 9. The solid fuel water heating boiler is equipped with a primary air supply system and a secondary air supply system.

The primary air supply system includes an exhaust fan 10, a blower 11, located under the grate 6. The secondary air supply system includes secondary air supply air channels 12 with dampers 13, nozzles 14, for supplying air to the furnace.

The primary air supply system and the secondary air supply system are made with the possibility of adjustable air supply to the furnace 5 to create optimal combustion conditions. Management of these systems and the combustion process in a solid fuel water heating boiler is carried out according to a special algorithm. The device that implements the algorithm is placed in the remote control

From control 15 and can be made in electronic or electromechanical form. A system of water heating pipes 16 is installed above the furnace 5 in the housing 1 at an angle D, which is selected from the conditions of hydrodynamics. The water heating pipes 16 are connected to the water jacket of the housing 1. On the rear wall of the housing 1, a flue gas cleaning device 17 is installed, which is connected to the chimney 9 and is made in the form of a narrowed downward hollow box with a system of radial surfaces so that one of its walls is wall of the housing 1. An exhaust fan 10 is installed on the outer surface of the flue gas cleaning device 17, connected by the suction part to the hollow box, and the pressure part to the flue 9. The flue 9 is equipped with a shutter-plug 18, the position of which makes it possible either for the direct exit of flue gases gases into the atmosphere (Fig. 1), or through the flue gas cleaning device 17 and the exhaust fan 10 (Fig. 3).

The proposed solid fuel water heating boiler works as follows.

The solid-fuel water-heating boiler is connected to the heating system through the outlet (supply) pipe 4 and the inlet (return) pipe Z, followed by filling the water jackets of the housing 1, heat exchanger 7 with the coolant (water). Solid fuel is poured into the furnace 5 through the loading hole 2. Then the solid fuel is ignited and by activating the button of the control panel 15, the exhaust fan 10 is turned on and the primary air is supplied by sucking it from the atmosphere with the help of the exhaust fan 10, the blower 11 through the grate b into the furnace 5. Passing through the fuel layer, the primary air ensures fuel combustion throughout its volume. Further, through the valve 13, as a means of regulating the supply of secondary air, the air channels of the supply of secondary air 12, the nozzles 14, the secondary air enters the space of the furnace 5 on the surface of the fuel. The flue gases formed in the furnace 5 rise upwards, while part of the heat is transferred to the coolant through the surface of the system of water heating pipes 16 and the water jacket of the housing 1, and enter the heat exchanger, in which, passing through the heat pipes 8, heat the coolant circulating in the water jacket 7 of the heat exchanger, and through the flue 9, in which, by installing the damper plug 18 and correspondingly closing the flue 9 (Fig. 3), they are directed to the flue gas cleaning device 17. In this device, thanks to the system of radial surfaces, the centrifugal movement of flue gases is created, during whose solid particles are separated from the main volume of flue gases and settle to the bottom of the cleaning device 17, while the flue gases give off part of their heat through the wall of the body 1 to the heat carrier, and the purified and cooled flue gases return to the flue U behind the damper thanks to the operation of the exhaust fan 10 - plug 18 and exit from the outside. The heated coolant enters the heating system through outlet pipe 4.

In cases of emergency shutdown of the exhaust fan 10, the damper - plug 18 is set in position with the plug from the outside of the chimney 9 (Fig. 1) and flue gases due to natural draft, in exceptional cases, can go directly into the atmosphere.

The use of the proposed solid-fuel water-heating boiler, in comparison with the prototype, allows to improve the technical indicators of the solid-fuel water-heating boiler due to the cleaning of flue gases from ash and additional heat extraction in the flue gas cleaning device.

Source of information: 1. Patent of Ukraine for utility model Mo 97297. IPK E24N 1/00. Publ. Bull. May 5, 2015

Claims (1)

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