UA127619C2 - Structure de rampe de pulvérisation ou d’épandage et machine comportant une telle structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the construction of a boom for spraying, comprising a central section (2) and two side rods (3, 3') located on two sides of the central section (2) and each formed by at least one side section (4), while each section (4) has a prismatic triangular cross-section with a height that gradually decreases from one end to the other of this section (4) and is formed by a tubular assembly containing a top longitudinal tube (5) and two lower longitudinal tubes (6) and connecting elements (7, 7') forming braces and spacers passing between the top tube and the two lower tubes (6). According to the invention, in the claimed design of the rod, the gap between the two lower tubes (6) changes similarly to the height from one longitudinal end to the other of this section (4).

Description

The invention belongs to the field of elongated and light tubular structures that provide significant cantileverness and elongation of a large size, in particular, in the field of agricultural equipment and mechanization.

In particular, the invention relates to the construction of a boom for spraying or spraying, as well as a trailed, mounted or self-propelled sprayer or sprayer containing this boom.

Sprayers are used for spraying or spraying in order to treat crops with chemical substances in the form of powder or drops.

Such a sprayer contains a boom and a tank or reservoir in which the sprayed substance is located. The boom is located on one and the other side of the machine (trailer or mounted sprayer) to distribute the substance contained in the tank.

The boom of the sprayer and, in particular, its design is mainly intended for attaching nozzles and pipelines in which the sprayed substances pass.

The boom should be rigid enough not to bend during processing (constant distance between the nozzles and plants), should be as light as possible and should also be made with the possibility of folding to comply with road traffic regulations. The materials of its construction must provide it with strength and corrosion resistance.

Currently, boom structures are often made of steel tubes connected mechanically and by welding, and the lattice structure allows for increased rigidity without increasing weight.

Connections between different tubes are subjected, in particular, to fatigue stress and the action of bending associated with the force of gravity, which leads to the formation of cracks and, possibly, to the destruction of the structure. In order to limit this risk of rupture of welding joints, as is known, the connection and fastening zones are strengthened locally, but this leads to a significant increase in the weight of the boom. In addition, such maintenance and repair operations require cutting and welding, which takes a lot of time.

In addition, sprayer working widths are changing, boom designs are becoming wider (increased lateral extension), and materials are increasingly being used to make booms lighter, such as aluminum or composite materials. low

The density of aluminum allows the use of large profiles for the manufacture of rigid arrows.

These aluminum boom designs are often made with welded elements, and therefore these booms also have weakened zones at the welds. An additional disadvantage of arrows made of aluminum or its alloys is that repairs cannot be carried out in the premises of the user (agricultural enterprise, farm), since this requires relatively expensive special welding equipment. Alternatively, the boom section is completely replaced.

In addition, sprayers with booms are known, consisting of aluminum sections of the boom, the assembly of which is carried out using a clamp without any welding. This boom section has a triangular cross-section with a narrow top, a wide bottom, and braces that form the sides of the triangle. The braces are fixed with a clamp on the lower part and on the upper part. The wide bottom has a constant width. The main disadvantage of this boom is the impossibility of disassembling the brace in case of breakage and especially significant linear weight even in the end part.

From the documents EP 1 302 107 1 EP 2 567 616, arrow designs with a trapezoidal or rectangular cross-section are also known, containing profiled elements in the upper part and in the lower part, connected to each other by braces. These braces are attached to the profiles using means of connection formed by two parts of a mutually complementary form, which clamp the fastening edge of one of the profiles and the ends of the two braces. Thus, the braces are connected to the specified profiles using rotary connections.

However, the booms disclosed in these two documents have a quadrangular cross-section which has a large area and - at least in the case of document EP 2 567 616 - is the same throughout their length (hence the strong bending moment). In addition, the double connection means used complicate the construction, and the upper and lower profiled parts are special non-standard parts with a high cost. In addition, fastening of the means of connection on the longitudinal profiled parts occurs due to the clamp and only in the peripheral zones of these parts. Finally, to replace one brace, it is necessary to completely dismantle two means of connection.

The invention is based on the task of offering a boom design optimized in terms of weight and bending moment, which allows overcoming at least some of the above-mentioned disadvantages of known solutions, in particular, regarding structural complexity, resistance to stress and maintenance.

The problem is solved by the fact that the structure of the boom for spraying or spraying, containing a central section and two side rods, located on two sides of the central section and formed, each, by at least one side section, while the only section, each section or at least one of of the sections of each side bar has a prismatic shape of a triangular cross-section with a height that gradually decreases from one end to the other of the given section, while a single section, each section or at least one of the sections of each side bar is formed by an assembly of tubular elements containing, on the one hand, a top longitudinal tube and two lower longitudinal tubes, while the top longitudinal tube and two lower longitudinal tubes form three edges of a prism and three vertices of a triangular cross-section, and, on the other hand, elongated, mostly tubular connecting elements, forming braces and struts passing between top tube and two lower tubes and forming two latticed lateral sides of the prism formed by this section and the sides of the triangle, if viewed in cross-section, while, according to the invention, the gap between the two lower tubes, i.e. the width of the base of the triangle and the prism, varies similarly from the height one longitudinal end to the other of a given section, the end of the larger section of each section being connected to or directed to the central section.

The essence of the invention is explained by the drawings, which show a preferred embodiment of the invention as a non-limiting example.

In fig. 1 shows a sprayer equipped with the claimed boom design, top view; in fig. 2 shows part of the claimed construction of the boom, front view; in fig. C shows a section of the side bar, which is part of the structure of the boom shown in fig. 2, perspective view; in fig. 4A and 48 show the prism formed by the section shown in fig. 3, respectively, in the RSA plane and in the RSV plane, sectional views; in fig. 5 shows a side view of the section shown in fig. 3, in the longitudinal direction from the end of the larger section; in fig. 6 shows a perspective view of the section shown in fig. 3, at a different angle and on a different scale;

From in fig. 7A and 7B are views of detail A shown in fig. 6, illustrating in a different scale the means of connection with the top tube, according to two variants of implementation; in fig. 8 shows a detailed view in section along the plane containing the axis of the rotary connection, the means of connection with the lower tube.

In fig. 2, 3, 5 and 6 show, at least in part, the structure 1 of a boom for spraying or spraying, comprising a central section 2 and two side rods 3, 3", situated on either side of the central section 2 and each formed by at least one side section 4 The single section 4, each section 4 or at least one of the sections 4 of each side bar 3, 3' has a prismatic triangular cross-section with a height (n) that gradually decreases from one end to the other of this section 4. In addition, the single section 4 , each section 4 or at least one of the sections 4 of each side bar 3, 3' is formed by a tubular assembly containing an apex longitudinal tube 5 and two lower longitudinal tubes 6, forming three prism edges and three apexes of triangular cross-section, and also elongated, preferably tubular connecting elements 7, 7", forming braces and spacers passing between the top tube 5 and the two lower tubes 6, and forming two latticed sides 4" of the prism formed by this section 4 and the sides of the triangle, if viewed in cross-section.

According to the invention, the gap between the two lower tubes b, i.e. the width (I) of the base of the triangle and the prism, varies similarly to the height (y) (i.e. in one direction) from one longitudinal end to the other of a given section 4, while the end of the larger section of each section 4 is connected to or directed to the central section 2.

Thanks to this technical feature, the design of the boom 1 is not only lighter in general (than a boom of constant section or than a boom in which only the height is reduced), but also characterized by a smaller bending moment (which decreases very quickly towards the free end of the rods3, 3), and creates less stress at the level of the mounting connection between the side rods 3, 3' and the central section 2.

In addition, this design of the boom 1, in particular, when each bar 3, 3' is formed by at least two sections 4 (which are preferably both made as mentioned above), allows to achieve a smaller overall width at the level of the end of the section or the first section 4 ( adjacent to the central section 2), which allows you to reduce the overall size of the machine and increase the working volume of the tank or reservoir of the machine.

According to the preferred embodiment of the invention presented in fig. 5-8, all connecting elements 7, 77 that connect the top tube 5 with one of the lower tubes 6 are located in the same plane P, P", forming one of the two lateral sides 4" of the prism and one of the two sides of the triangle. Such continuity and homogeneity of the structure (gradual and symmetrical reduction of the cross-section without sharp ledges) ensure a good uniformity and a good gradualness of the changes in the bending resistance along the section 4. In addition, it can be foreseen that the means 8 of the connection between these connecting elements 7, 7' and the specified tubes 5, 6 formed attachment points with a rotary joint 8', which is mostly removable.

This type of connection is an ideal solution for this assembly and a compromise between the overall stiffness of the weld (resulting in the risk of fatigue failure) and the limited stiffness of the ball joint (less torsional stiffness of the section).

In order to increase the stiffness of sections 4 when bending in the direction of their maximum stress, the triangular shape that the cross section of said sections 4 of the side rods 3, 3" has is the shape of an isosceles triangle, while the said triangle is oriented with its apex upwards in the position of use of the structure 1 of the boom .

According to a distinctive feature of the invention, it is possible to provide that one of the connection means 8 contains a body or part 9, which at least partially and even completely surrounds the outside of the longitudinal tube 5, 6, with which it is connected.

According to the preferred practical variant of implementation, presented, in particular, in Fig. 7 and 8 and optimized from the point of view of structural simplicity and mechanical strength, the means 8 of connecting each point of attachment of the connecting element 7, 7" to one of the longitudinal tubes 5, 6 is a part of the connection with the body 9 in the form of a ring collar or a half-collar, installed on the corresponding tube 5, b and equipped with at least one side leg 10, which passes radially outward and has an eyelet 11, forming a support of the rotary connection.

Details 8 of the rigid fasteners may contain a ring clamp 9 (Fig. 7A) or a half-clamp 9 (Fig. 78), which is easier to install. Preferably, the clamps 9 are connected by means of glue to the corresponding tube 5 or b.

Interacting at least partially and even completely with the housing of the longitudinal tubes 5, 6, each connection means 8 ensures optimal interaction with these tubes, being attached or tightly and, in fact, precisely seated on them, but not necessarily with blocking.

The ring collar 9 of at least some parts can have a certain longitudinal extension and can also serve as a coupling for the connection between adjacent tubular parts forming tubes 5 and 6.

In order to limit the number of connecting parts, ensure structural continuity and achieve optimized mechanical rigidity, in particular, with direct transmission of forces, preferably at the level of each point 8' of the fastening with a rotary connection, the joined ends of the two connecting elements 7, 77 can be connected to each other with the help of one rotary coupling 11, 12, 127, which also ensures the connection of these connecting elements 7 and 7 with the corresponding top 5 or bottom longitudinal tube (through the ring collar 9).

Thus, the same rotary axis 8" provides simultaneous rotary coupling between each connecting element (strut 7, 7) and one of the tubes 5 or b, on the one hand, and direct rotary coupling between two successive spacers 7, 7". on the other hand.

In order to obtain joints using a rotary joint, it is possible, for example, to flatten the ends of the connecting elements and drill holes in them to obtain end pieces in the form of plates equipped with holes (not shown).

In a variant, as shown, for example, in fig. 6 and 7, each connecting element 7, 7" can contain a tip 15 located at the level of each end. Such a connecting tip 15, preferably made in the form of a cast part, contains, for example, a body 15' of the base, installed on the end of the tubular connecting element 7 , 7 and, for example, that closes it (in the form of a cap), and a foot or eye 15" with a through hole. This tip 15 makes it possible to connect the corresponding connecting element 7, 7" to the means of connection 8 and, therefore, to one of the longitudinal tubes 5, 6, as well as to another connecting element 7, 7". Each tip 15 fastens with the help of glue, by welding, screwing or by any other connecting means with the corresponding connecting element 7, 7", being partially planted inside or outside this end.

Although a variety of practical designs can be envisioned, the accompanying figures of the drawings show a trellis tubular design which is most preferred within the scope of the invention.

According to this preferred embodiment, the connecting elements 7, 7, which connect 60 the top tube 5 with one of the lower tubes b, are located with an inclination relative to the two tubes connected by them, 5, 6 at an acute angle, are joined between two successive connecting elements 7 and 7 and are connected to each other at the level of their jointed ends and to the apex 5 or the corresponding lower b tube by means of the same rotary connection 8', thus forming together a triangular figure at the level of each lateral side 4" of these prismatic sections 4.

Preferably, the connecting elements 7 and 7" have the same length. The elongated tubes 5 and 6 of one section can be made in the form of a single part, and the means of connection 8 can be moved by sliding on this tube 5, 6. In an alternative version, the elongated tubes 5 and b can be made of several joined parts connected by means of connection 8, while the annular part 9 forms a connecting coupling. Long tubes 5, 6 can also be connected to each other at one of their ends, the corresponding end of section 4, by means of of the end plate 16. At the same time, this end can have a mounting device that is glued, welded or screwed into the corresponding longitudinal tube 5, 6. Such a plate 16 allows you to increase the rigidity of the end of the section 4, fix the gap between the tubes 5, 6 and form a connection point .

According to the preferred design feature, shown in particular in Fig. 7 and belonging to an essentially symmetrical design, the fastening part of each means 8 of the connection with the top tube 5 contains a body 9 equipped with two side legs 10 having corresponding lugs 11 are located, each, in one of the planes P, P", formed by the lateral sides of this prismatic section 4, while each lug 11 forms a support for fastening by means of one rotary connection 8' between two connecting elements 7 and 7 with the apex tube 5, while the axes 8" of the two rotary connections 8', corresponding to the lugs 11 of the two legs 10 of the housing 9, are preferably intersecting and coplanar.

Preferably, each rotary joint 8' for connecting the attachment points 8 is a screw 12/nut 12 type connection. from spacers 7 and 7" at one attachment point, while maintaining the connection with the other.

Of course, each side bar 3, 3' can contain only one section 4.

However, in particular, in the case of large-sized arrows, each bar 3, 3 can be folded

Of at least two sections 4 butt-joined by means of a hinged or non-hinged connection, while at least one of said sections 4 has a gap between its lower tubes 6, which is reduced, preferably uniformly and possibly with a reduction factor similar to decrease in height (H) as you move away from the central section 2.

Finally, as shown in fig. 2, each side rod 3, 3' is preferably connected to the central section 2 by means of a hinged connection 13, which ensures the rotation of said rods 3, C' between the raised (essentially vertical) position and the lowered (essentially horizontal) position and/or between the laterally deployed position and the folded position (the rotation can be controlled by a jack, for example).

Preferably, longitudinal tubes 5, b and connecting elements 7, 77 have a round cross-section. Alternatively, their cross-section can also be polygonal, triangular, oval, octagonal.

The means of connecting the braces 7, 77 with the lower tubes b can also serve as means of fastening for sections of trays or gutters, in which there are, for example, channels for the passage of liquid that feeds the spray nozzles, and which also serve as spacer elements and fix the gap between the specified tubes 6.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. b, the lower connection means 8 (between tubes 6 and elements 7, 1") can be connected in pairs by spacers (of different lengths depending on their longitudinal position on section 4), which locally fixes the gap between tubes 6. Preferably spacer 14 and two ring bodies or clamps 9 with their legs can form a single part.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, it is possible to provide a bushing (of several parts) that facilitates rotation, between the lugs 11 and 7" of the legs 10 and the ends of the tubular connecting elements 7, 7, on the one hand, and the screw/nut assembly, on the other hand.

The object of the invention is also shown in fig. 1 machine 1" for spraying or spraying of the trailed, mounted or self-propelled type, containing at least one tank, means for pumping the substance, one or more distribution circuits and a boom on which the means for spraying the substance are installed, while, according to the invention, the boom has the described above the construction of 1 arrow.

This boom is designed to be mounted on a 1" machine by means of a suspension device and/or a height adjustment device. In the case of a sprayer, the boom allows the spraying of a liquid substance through spraying means 18 such as nozzles. The claimed boom can also be used to spray solid, dry, powdery or dust-like substances with appropriate adaptation of spraying means.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment described and presented in the accompanying drawings. Changes can be made to it, in particular, regarding the composition of various elements, or by replacing them with technical equivalents, without going beyond the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (12)

FORMULA OF THE INVENTION 10 1. Construction (1) of a boom for spraying or spraying, comprising a central section (2) and two side rods (3, 3), located on one and the other side of the central section (2) and each formed by at least one side by section, while the single section (4), each section (4) or at least one of the sections (4) of each side bar 15 (3, 3) has a prismatic triangular cross-section with a height (Pp) that gradually decreases from one end to of another given section (4), while the single section (4), each section (4) or at least one of the sections (4) of each side rod (3, 3) is formed by an assembly of tubular elements containing, on the one hand, a top longitudinal tube (5) and two lower longitudinal tubes (6), forming three edges of the prism and three vertices of the triangular section 20, and, on the other hand, elongated connecting elements (7, 7, mainly tubular, forming braces and spacers passing between the apex tube (5) and the two lower tubes (b) and form the two latticed sides (4) of the prism formed by this section (4) and the sides of the triangle, if viewed in cross-section, while the gap between the two lower tubes (6), i.e. the width (1) of the base of the triangle and 25 of the prism, changes similarly to the height (y) from one longitudinal end to the other of this section (4), while the end of the larger section of each section (4) is connected to or directed to the central section (2), and the means (8) the connection between the specified connecting elements (7, 7) and the specified tubes (5, 6) form attachment points with a rotary connection (8), which is preferably 30 removable, which differs in that at the level of each point (8) fasteners with a rotary connection, the joined ends of two connecting elements (7, 77) are connected to each other by means of the same rotary connection (11, 12, 12"), which also ensures the connection of these connecting elements (7 and 7 ) with a corresponding longitudinal tube, top (5) or bottom (b). 35 2. The design of the boom according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that all connecting elements (7, 7) connecting the top tube (5) with one of the two lower tubes (6) are located in the same plane (P, P") forming one of the two lateral sides (4) of the prism and one of the two sides of the triangle. 3. The construction of the boom according to claim 1, which is characterized in that at least one of the means (8) of the connection includes a body or a part (9) which at least partially or even completely surrounds the outside 40 of the longitudinal tube (5, 6) with which it is connected. 4. The design of the boom according to any of claims 1-3, which is characterized by the fact that the triangular shape of the cross-section of the specified sections (4) of the side rods (3, 3) is the shape of an isosceles triangle. 5. The design of the boom according to any of claims 1-4, which is characterized by the fact that the means (8) of connecting 45 of each attachment point of the connecting element (7, 7) with one of the longitudinal tubes (5, b) is a fastening detail with a body (9) in the form of a ring collar or a half-collar, mounted on a corresponding tube (5 or 6) and equipped with at least one lateral leg (10) extending radially outwards and having an eyelet (11), forming a support for the rotary coupling. 6. The design of the boom according to any of claims 1-5, which is characterized by the fact that the connecting elements (7, 50 Tt), which connect the top tube (5) with one of the lower tubes (6), are located with an inclination relative to the two tubes (5, b), which are connected by them, at an acute angle, are connected between two consecutive connecting elements (7 and 7") and are connected to each other at the level of their connected ends and to the top (5) or the corresponding bottom (b) tube using of the same rotary joint (8), thus forming together a triangular figure at the level of each 55 lateral side (4) of this prismatic section (4). 7. The design of the boom according to claim 6, which is characterized by the fact that the means (8) of connecting each attachment point of the connecting element (7, 7") with one of the longitudinal tubes (5, b) is a part of the connection with the body (9) in in the form of a ring collar or a half-collar, installed on the corresponding tube (5 or 6) and equipped with at least one side leg (10), which passes radially outward and has an eyelet (11), forming a pivot joint support, while the fastening detail of each means (8 ) connection with the top tube (5) contains a body (9), equipped with two side legs (10), which have corresponding lugs (11) and are located, each, in one of the planes (P, P) formed by the lateral sides of the of the prismatic section (4), while each lug (11) forms a connection support with the help of one rotary joint (8) between two connecting elements (7 and 7) with the top tube (5), while the axes (8") of the two rotary joints (8), corresponding to the lugs (11) of two legs (10) of the body (9), are mostly intersecting and coplanar. 8. Boom construction according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that each rotary joint (8) for connecting the attachment points (8) is a screw (12)/nut (12) type connection. 9. Boom construction according to any one of claims 1-8, which is characterized in that each side bar (3, 3) consists of at least two sections (4) connected to each other butt by means of a hinged or non-hinged connection, with whereby at least one of said sections (4) has a gap between its lower tubes (b) which decreases, preferably uniformly. 10. The design of the boom according to claim 9, which is characterized by the fact that the gap between the lower tubes (6) decreases with a reduction factor similar to the height reduction factor (HRP) as it moves away from the central section (2). 11. Boom design according to any of claims 1-10, which is characterized in that each side rod (3, 3) is connected to the central section (2) by means of a hinged connection (13), which ensures rotation of said rods ( 3, 3) between the raised position and the lowered position and/or between the laterally deployed position and the folded position. 12. A machine for spraying or spraying of the trailed, mounted or self-propelled type, containing, in particular, at least one tank, means for pumping the substance, one or more distribution circuits and a boom on which the means for spraying the substance are installed, while the machine (1") which differs in that the arrow has the construction of an arrow according to any of claims 1-11. And" and and more! 16 Fe se ' se fe eh, HER Shoovrvvvvya Le Know And ; 16 g p Vu a» things luakya B pika a x . 4 holes 4 sosk i tuya o asora X pi d o 2 dya t vk dao x 4 dyan t pi sh-t dn Mann A Fig. 1 and! 3.4 for 13 | . 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