UA104773U - Eye protection method against blinding headlights of oncoming vehicles at night - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of protecting the driver's eyes from being dazzled by the headlights of an oncoming vehicle in the dark involves the use of translucent screens. The screens are fixed either on a rotary or on a detachable attachment to the driver's head or visor of the headdress and positioned so that, in the absence of front and / or front left, in the case of right-hand traffic, the sources of blinding light are above the driver's eyes and pupils. do not interfere with traffic monitoring, and when a source of dazzling light, the driver, tilts his head forward and / or sideways, or turns his head left or right, moves the screens to the working position and covers them with blinding light. erel light.

Description

The useful model belongs to means of protecting the eyes from a bright light source, namely car drivers from the blinding effect of the light of vehicle headlights during their operation in the dark.

Dazzling by headlights of oncoming traffic while driving in the dark not only causes discomfort to the driver, but also directly affects traffic safety.

Among the analogues, a protective visor is known, which is a support element located on the forehead and behind the ears of the user, on which a screen is suspended, constructed of a convenient translucent or transparent material, such as celluloid, having an amber, blue or green color, which contains a translucent a strip tapering from one end to the other in one direction, the inner and outer edges assuming an approximate semi-circular configuration, the elastic strips above the top edge and the exposed surface rolled over the user's forehead, and the respective ends of the strip being substantially rounded and adapted to interact with the head of the user immediately above the ears, as a result of which the shield can be located at an approximate height above the eyes of the user (US Pat. 1706667 A, IPC AETE 9/04. Eueznpiva /

Snapev Nashyvyeip (O5A); applicant and patent owner: Spapevz Naivzhivip (О5А); statement November 6, 1925; published 26.03.1929).

The disadvantage of this visor is its design, which is bulky and covers most of the face, which can lead to discomfort. According to its purpose, this protective visor is more suitable for its use in sports and domestic spheres, than for use for the purpose of protection against light rays from the headlights of oncoming traffic when driving in the dark.

A device against blinding the eyes of motorists is known, containing darkening translucent screens placed to one side of the optical centers of the glasses (Pat. 71923

Ukraine, IPC сО02С 7/10. Device against blinding eyes for motorists / Tarasyuk V.K. (OA). -

MO and 201201998; statement 21.02.2012; published 25.07.2012, Bull. Mo 14). The device is equipped with a clamping mechanism with a transverse movable rod, translucent screens are made in the form of right triangles, the hypotenuses of which are directed from top to bottom and in the direction of the movement of oncoming traffic, the value of the upper left corner of the screens is set depending on the height of the driver's head above the road surface, translucent screens are fixed on

From the transverse rod with the possibility of their free movement horizontally or axially lifting up.

The disadvantage of this device is that part of the field of vision is constantly covered by screens, and due to the fact that the screens are at a close distance from the pupil of the eye (which expands to 8 mm in the dark), it is very difficult to keep them in the right position. Also, the disadvantages of the device include its design, which can cause mechanical damage to glasses, and the impossibility of using this device for all forms of glasses, as well as the impossibility of using it without glasses, which will cause discomfort to the driver who has healthy vision or has contact lenses.

The closest in essence to the proposed device, and therefore adopted by us as a prototype, is a method of protecting the driver’s eyes when blinded by the headlights of oncoming vehicles, the essence of which is to turn the driver’s head to overlap a narrow translucent obstacle, the light of the oncoming headlights, installed on the extreme side against the oncoming movement of a part of the windshield or eyeglass frame of any kind, or that is fastened to any kind of headgear (helmet, hard hat, glasses). The specified invention makes night traffic safer and more comfortable (Pat. 2055557 Russia, IPC AbIE 9/00. Way to protect the driver's eyes when blinded by the headlights of an oncoming vehicle/ Rubinstein L.M. (VI); applicant and patent owner: Rubinstein L.M. (VI) - Mo 5067541/14; application 08/28/1992; published 03/10/1996).

The disadvantages of the prototype include a translucent strip that covers the blinding only for the left eye, and the right eye, based on the physiological structure of our eyes, is covered by the bridge of the nose, which requires a significant turn of the head to the right and does not allow binocular vision of the oncoming lane, also the disadvantages include the need for constant turning the driver's head to avoid being dazzled, which causes inconvenience and leads to a lack of visual control directly in front of the vehicle and on the left side (because the head is turned to the right) - the curb, sidewalk or bicycle path, which is very dangerous for both the driver and pedestrians

Dazzling by the headlights of oncoming traffic, in most cases, can occur from a rather narrow and limited part of the viewing area - the lane of oncoming traffic (taking into account the perspective), which usually extends to a distance of up to 400 meters from the viewing point (this area of potential dazzle is highlighted in gray on Fig. 1). By covering this area with one or two translucent (partially transparent) and polarizing screens, we will reduce the blinding effect of the headlights of oncoming traffic.

In fig. 2 shows the main areas of the driver's view (when driving on the right): 1 - left rear-view mirror; 2 - a nearby car moving in the opposite direction; C - a car located at the beginning of the blinding zone; 4 - own lane and adjacent lanes in "our direction" 5 - right shoulder. In order to effectively protect the driver from glare, the intensity of blinding light from zones 1, 2 and 3 should be reduced, and zones 4 and 5 should be left for full inspection.

The useful model is based on the task of creating a new, more advanced way of protecting the driver's eyes from being dazzled by the headlights of oncoming traffic at night by reducing the brightness of the blinding light with the help of translucent (partially transparent) or polarizing screens conveniently located on the driver's head or headgear , which will provide increased comfort for the driver when driving a vehicle in the dark, reducing the possibility of getting into a road accident (traffic accident) due to being dazzled by the headlights of oncoming traffic.

The screens can be of the same transparency or more transparent in the lower part and more darkened in the upper part, which will allow you to adjust the intensity of the light rays that will enter the eyes after passing through the screens. Considering that the pupil of the human eye has a variable diameter, usually from 2 to 8 mm depending on the lighting, in order to reduce the effect of the change in the size and position of the pupil when shifting the gaze (changing the direction of vision of the eye) on the correct positioning (holding) of the screens in the desired working position, screens are placed not immediately near the eye, but at some distance from it.

The essence of the useful model is that in the first option (Fig. 3), two semi-transparent (partially transparent, including polarizing) screens of constant or variable transparency are used to protect the driver's eyes from being dazzled by the headlights of an oncoming vehicle in the dark. which are conveniently fixed on the driver's (user's) head, including fixed to the visor of the headgear (stationary or on a rotating or removable mount) and in the absence of a blinding source in front and/or in front on the left (for right-hand traffic) lights are above the pupils of the driver's (user's) eyes and do not interfere

With the observation of the road situation, and in the event of the appearance of a source of blinding light, by tilting the driver's (user's) head forward and/or to the side, and if necessary (for example, at road curves) by turning the head to the left or right, the screens move to the working position and block the blinding light sources, while the relatively narrow and elongated screens in the horizontal plane are located to the left of the optical center of each eye at an acute angle to the optical axes of the eyes directed forward when driving on the right, while the rear part of the left screen is near the left temple of the driver (user), the front part of this screen approaches at an acute angle to the optical axis of the left eye directed forward, but does not cross this axis, and is at a distance of more than three centimeters from the pupil of the left eye, while the left screen is located so that it completely blocks the blinding rays of light, reflected from the left side rearview mirror for the left and right eye and completely covers the zone of potential blinding (which is in the lane or lanes of oncoming traffic at a distance of 0-400 meters, and sometimes more from the driver (user)) for the left eye and partially covers the zone of potential blinding for the right eye, and the second (right) screen is located so that it covers for the right eye the part of the blinding zone that remained not covered by the left screen, while the right screen lies on a conditional line passing through the center of the pupil of the left eye or lies outside the viewing angle of the left eye and does not block the view for the left eye of its traffic lane and the right side of the road, while the screens are located so that their front edges, when the eyes are alternately closed in the same position of the user's head, pass through the same conditional line located at a distance of 100-150 meters from the driver (user) , and the back edge of the right screen is almost parallel to the front edge of the left screen and is visually for the right eye slightly behind the front edge on the left of the screen, which visually creates the effect of a small overlapping of the screens, and when the eyes are closed alternately, the lower faces of the screens are visually parallel to the axial marking of the road and each face is visually an extension of the other, in the case of left-hand traffic, the screens are arranged mirroring the direction of movement, to the right of the optical center of each eye.

In the second option, to protect the driver's eyes from being dazzled by the headlights of an oncoming vehicle in the dark, screens are used as in the first option, with the difference that the screens have the shape of quadrangles (Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, where "a" is the left screen, and "p" - because the right screen), which expand in the rear part to cover the near zone and the left rear-view mirror, the front and rear faces of the screens in the working position are located almost vertically, and the screens themselves lie in parallel planes for ease of adjustment, and with are connected to each other along the upper edges by an additional plate, which can be made of the same material as the screens.

In the third option, to protect the driver's eyes from being dazzled by the headlights of an oncoming vehicle, only one (Fig. 6) left for right-hand traffic and right for left-hand traffic screen from the first option is used to simplify the design, which covers the blinding zone for the left and right eyes at the same time.

In the fourth option, only one screen is used to protect the driver's eyes from being dazzled by the headlights of an oncoming vehicle at dark, the role of which is performed (Fig. 7) by a translucent (partially transparent) left for right-hand traffic, and the right for left-hand traffic part of the visor of the divided headgear a line that begins near the forehead, almost above the middle of the right eye, and ends at the front of the visor opposite the starting point or to the left (i.e., closer to the left eye) for a right-handed person, or begins at the forehead almost above the middle of the left eye, and ends at the front of the visor opposite the starting point, or to the right (i.e. closer to the right eye) for left-hand traffic, and the second (right for right-hand or left for left-hand traffic) part of the visor can be transparent or completely absent to reduce the attenuation of light rays outside the blinding zone, to the specified translucent the visor is worn or attached to a standard visor that allows you to use the headgear at any time.

The technical result of the proposed method is to improve and increase the efficiency of the method of protecting the driver's eyes from being dazzled by the headlights of an oncoming vehicle in the dark, reducing accidents when driving a vehicle in the dark, reducing discomfort due to the convenience of using screens, the availability of screen options , which have different designs that allow the driver to choose the most comfortable way of protection from the headlights of the oncoming vehicle in the dark.

The method of protecting the driver's eyes from being dazzled by the headlights of oncoming traffic in the dark is used as follows.

In the first and second variants, the screens are conveniently fixed on the driver's (user's) head (Fig. 3) in such a way that with the usual comfortable position of the driver's (user's) head, the screens are slightly above the pupils of the eyes, and the right screen (in the case of right-hand traffic) lay on the conditional line passing through the center of the pupil of the left eye and did not block the view of his lane and the right side of the road in the working position for the left eye.

When an oncoming car appears, which blinds the driver's eyes, the latter tilts his head forward, which brings the screens into working position and blocks the source of the glare.

When blinding occurs due to the reflection of light rays from the left rear-view mirror, the driver slightly tilts his head forward and to the left, thereby blocking these blinding rays.

Turning the head to the left or right in the working position allows the driver (user) to block the sources of glare when the road is rounded.

In the idle state, the driver (user) turns the screens by straightening his head, after which the screens are above the pupils of the driver's (user) eyes and do not interfere with normal observation of the road situation.

In the third and fourth options, only one screen is used, so there is no need to control the correct placement of the second screen, in everything else, the method of protecting the eyes from glare is used as for the first and second options.

Claims (3)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. A method of protecting the driver's eyes from being dazzled by the headlights of an oncoming vehicle in the dark, which includes the use of translucent screens, which is characterized by the fact that the screens are permanently attached to the driver's head or to the visor of the headgear on a rotating or removable mount and are placed so that in the absence of blinding light sources in front and/or in front of the left, in the case of right-hand traffic, they are above the pupils of the driver’s eyes and do not interfere with the observation of the road situation, and in the event of the appearance of a blinding light source, the driver tilts his head forward and/or to the side, or by turning the head to the left or right, moves the screens into the working position and covers blinding light sources with them, while the relatively narrow and elongated screens in the horizontal plane are placed to the left of the optical center of each eye at an acute 60 angle to the optical axes of the eyes when moving to the right , directed forward so that the back of the left screen is white i left temple of the driver, and the front part of this screen approaches at an acute angle to the optical axis of the left eye directed forward, but does not cross this axis and is at a distance of more than 3 cm from the pupil of the left eye, while the left screen is placed so that it completely blocks the blinding rays of light reflected from the left side rearview mirror for the left and right eyes and completely blocks the zone of potential blinding that is in the lane or lanes of oncoming traffic for the left eye and partially blocks the zone of potential blinding for the right eye, and the right screen placed in such a way that it covers for the right eye the part of the blinding zone that remained not covered by the left screen, while the right screen lies on the conditional line passing through the center of the pupil of the left eye or lies outside the viewing angle of the left eye and does not block the view for the left eye of their lane and the right shoulder, in the case of left-hand traffic, the screens are positioned as a mirror image of the direction of traffic, from the right of the optical center of each eye. 2. A method of protecting the driver's eyes from being dazzled by the headlights of an oncoming vehicle in the dark time of day according to claim 1, characterized in that the screens have the shape of quadrangles, which expand in the rear part to overlap the near zone and the left rear-view mirror, the front and rear faces of the screens in the working position, they are located vertically, and the screens themselves lie in parallel planes for ease of adjustment and are connected to each other along the upper edges by an additional plate, which can be made of the same material as the screens. 3. A method of protecting the driver's eyes from being dazzled by the headlights of an oncoming vehicle at night according to claim 1, which differs in that partially transparent or polarizing screens are used as screens. och lyakh kt mer tityuntyalototyatoya vanim ey o i x -i i ho i te U - y x g. 7 KZ: hai ho - Z y x Fig. 1 - tsik zh yy pon ny my Ks khshkyy y lute z х ХМ х, х х хх р х I schu A zh ke v KE m zh t chi v t I xx 1135 Uh ikh iya I kh U Ah A xx U E: хх хх хх U Uh KZ SHHI : ! 5 Yi uh yi E. yah S! хх KU E KK х ХА х каХ Х х Х Ск ю ух NU BU NU Uh ts (chik dolyah Do not describe omu ZV res hu Mesa 1: Ka y 1: tez SCHO I: B i ME ti i Y i p; NE Sha 11 : 1 Cash register of NV ooo y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y yy EN Ka SO AK i, ka TAK Shu V shah ZO t Hrsyaya Te b, o xz v NI E EI i: M X X H E EI y ; E Ii s oo i M Mukyenyuno Ye K ne fig. 2 / z v U Eh 5 ZU suho hoda Z he M Zk i. as i y Z y x Z I VX Z a I dir Y : Z a i N.; 3. she v N Y N i i : beninnnniah i I shk N " in : N k7: H Sa and H 7 Ion ! E I in; ? Fig. 4 to no how M She nai koy and shchi Kk She i and ko Sha y k i poyuzh and I is Sho u me what K mo v E I u i Her schy odi es kikzhtiiyah and Her I Mei xx ZSh in I NIY Mi y M 3 Z '. Fig. Z 7 x sya and z x Es Z Udov Ii ozna Zh OO, "UN DN j sov M Z KK OH NE KO B. M KU Chk i Z her BUH x 5 v. still Z J Z Eh SCHE x; KZ u che Se ss E Z sk Ka Fig. 6th Crane / Fig. and