TWM625644U - Nozzle structure of plasma arc gun - Google Patents

Abstract

This creation provides a plasma arc gun nozzle structure, including a tungsten steel nozzle inner sleeve and a heat-conducting copper sealing structure. The tungsten steel nozzle inner sleeve includes a mounting limit boss, an upper guide oblique cone, an inner guide cylinder and a lower guide. Diversion oblique cone surface, a narrow part is formed between the upper diversion oblique cone surface and the gun tip, the thermal conductive copper sealing structure includes installation thread, installation limit table 1, sealing structure, installation limit table 2, installation inner hole, inner heat conduction Surface bending structure, inner water cooling cavity, protective cover fixing structure, diversion cone surface. This creation can ensure the good repeatability of industrial production through the tightening of the installation thread and the precise positioning of the installation limit table 1.

Description

Plasma arc gun nozzle structure

The invention belongs to the technical field of ultra-fine metal powder material equipment, and specifically relates to a nozzle structure of a plasma arc gun.

Plasma arc guns include transfer plasma arc guns, non-transfer plasma arc guns and hybrid plasma arc guns. When the plasma arc gun is used for cutting, the working environment temperature is not high, the heat dissipation is convenient, and it does not need to work continuously for a long time, and the power is mostly within 60 KW. When the plasma arc gun is used in the ultra-high temperature evaporator, it needs to work continuously for a long time and with high power. The plasma arc gun used in the ultra-high temperature evaporator includes a cathode gun core, a cathode nozzle, an insulating sleeve arranged between the cathode gun core and the cathode nozzle, and a gun casing communicated with the cathode nozzle. The interlayer and the inlet and return water cooling water pipes, the tail of the cathode gun core is provided with the inlet and return water cooling water pipes and the air inlet pipe, the head of the cathode gun core is provided with a replaceable gun tip structure, and the gun shell is provided with a thermal insulation cover. In the process of industrial production, the nozzle structure and installation structure of the plasma arc gun are required to be operated accurately and repeatedly. The requirement of long-term high-power operation will cause the temperature of the gun shell and the nozzle body to be too high and affect the plasma arc. The service life and stability of the gun, and will cause the heat in the ultra-high temperature evaporator to be carried by the cooling system and lost.

The conductive structure and the limiting structure between the various components of the existing plasma arc gun structure are relatively simple, and cannot meet the requirements of long-term high-power conductive use. Moreover, the ultra-high temperature evaporator has higher requirements for the heating source used inside it, and frequent replacement or leakage of water and air will seriously affect the use effect, and even cause damage to the ultra-high temperature evaporator.

In response to the above problems, this creation provides a high-power plasma arc gun nozzle structure that is used in an ultra-high temperature evaporator and can work continuously for a long time. It can work continuously for more than 300 hours for a long time, and can provide stable and efficient plasma arc for ultra-high temperature evaporators.

The technology of this practical creation is as follows:

A plasma arc gun nozzle structure includes a tungsten steel nozzle inner sleeve and a heat-conducting copper sealing structure. A conical surface, a narrow portion is formed between the upper diversion sloping conical surface and the gun tip, and the heat-conducting copper sealing structure includes an installation thread connected to the gun shell, an installation limit table 1, a sealing structure, an installation limit table 2, an installation inner The hole, the bending structure of the inner heat conduction surface, the inner water cooling cavity arranged inside the heat conduction copper sealing structure, the protective cover fixing structure and the diversion cone surface arranged at the top of the heat conduction copper sealing structure, the installation limit of the inner sleeve of the tungsten steel nozzle The boss is arranged on the outer side of the inner sleeve of the tungsten steel nozzle and is located at two installation limit platforms on the upper side of the installation inner hole. The protective sleeve fixing structure includes a protective sleeve installation boss arranged on the outer side of the heat-conducting copper sealing structure and a protective sleeve installed A card table matched with a boss, the sealing structure includes an outer sealing structure, a top sealing structure and an inner sealing structure, the outer sealing structure is arranged between the heat-conducting copper sealing structure and the inner side of the outer tube of the gun shell, and the top sealing structure is arranged in Between the heat-conducting copper sealing structure and the inner sealing table of the inner tube of the gun shell, the inner sealing structure is arranged between the heat-conducting copper sealing structure and the inner side of the inner tube of the gun shell. The lower section, the middle section that the sleeve contacts, and the upper section located outside the seal of the inner tube of the gun shell.

Optionally, the material of the inner sleeve of the tungsten steel nozzle is a high temperature resistant conductive metal material, and the high temperature resistant conductive metal material includes thorium tungsten alloy, lanthanum tungsten alloy and molybdenum alloy.

Optionally, the protective cover fixing structure includes a protective cover installation slurry fixing groove and a protective cover installation slurry provided on the outer side of the thermally conductive copper sealing structure.

Optionally, the thickness of the inner sleeve of the tungsten steel nozzle is 4 to 8 mm, the height is 10 to 18 mm, and the inner diameter is 5 to 10 mm. The inner side is a tight fit.

Optionally, the angle between the upper guide oblique conical surface and the central axis of the inner sleeve of the tungsten steel nozzle is 15º to 45°, and the upper guide oblique cone surface and the gun tip form a conical tube type with an upper size and a lower size. Gap, the minimum gap is 1 to 4 mm, the inner guide cylinder is the guide surface, and the angle between the inner guide cylinder and the central axis of the inner sleeve of the tungsten steel nozzle is -10º to 10º.

Optionally, the lower guide oblique cone surface of the inner sleeve of the tungsten steel nozzle and the guide cone surface at the top of the heat-conducting copper sealing structure are both concave cone surfaces, and the lower guide-flow oblique cone surface and the guide surface at the top of the heat-conducting copper sealing structure are both concave cone surfaces. The angle between the flow cone and the central axis is 80º to 90º.

Optionally, the outer sealing structure, the top sealing structure and the inner sealing structure are all provided with an O-shaped ring groove and an O-shaped ring filling seal.

Optionally, the outer side of the lower section of the inner heat conduction surface bending structure is a concave structure, the lower side of the inner concave structure is provided with a chamfer, the middle section of the inner heat conduction surface bending structure is a folding structure, and the upper section of the inner heat conduction surface bending structure is a folded structure. The inner side is concave outside, and an insulating sleeve is arranged between the upper section of the bending structure of the inner heat-conducting surface and the gun tip.

Optionally, the inner tube of the gun shell is provided with several exhaust holes at the lower side of the inner sealing structure.

Optionally, a high temperature-resistant thermal insulation material is filled between the outer protective sleeve installed on the outer side of the plasma arc gun and the plasma arc gun.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: an installation thread and an installation limit table 1 are provided, and through the tightening of the installation thread and the precise positioning of the installation limit table 1, good repeatability of industrial production can be ensured. The outer side of the lower part of the bending structure of the heat conduction surface is a concave structure, so that the cooling water is as close to the tungsten steel material as possible, and the lower side of the concave structure is provided with a chamfer to avoid the reduction of the connection strength between the inner heat conduction surface and the top of the heat conduction copper caused by the right angle structure. . The middle section of the bending structure of the inner heat conduction surface is a folded structure, which can conduct the heat of the lower section to the upper section as little as possible, thereby avoiding cooling damage at the sealing structure of the upper section. The upper section of the bending structure of the inner heat conduction surface is concave inside and outside to meet the design requirements that the distance from the inner gun tip is as far away as possible, thereby preventing the high temperature of the gun tip from being conducted to the upper section of the thermal conductive copper sealing structure, and also preventing the internal short-circuit arc. happened. An inner water cooling cavity is provided, and the cooling and circulating water introduced into the gun shell gathers here to form a stable cooling structure. The protective cover mounting boss is used to support the outer protective cover. The outer side of the thermal conductive copper sealing structure is provided with a protective sleeve installation slurry fixing groove, and the protective sleeve installation slurry fixing groove is used to externally fix the protective sleeve installation slurry. After the outer protective sleeve is installed on the outside of the plasma arc gun, it protects The sleeve installation slurry can realize the sealing of the gap between the two. The inner tube of the gun shell is located at the lower side of the inner sealing structure with several exhaust holes, which can effectively prevent the water vapor formed below the sealing of the heat-conducting copper sealing structure and the inner tube of the gun shell from causing local high temperature.

The creation will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a plasma arc gun nozzle structure is provided, including a tungsten steel nozzle inner sleeve 2 and a heat-conducting copper sealing structure 1. The tungsten steel nozzle inner sleeve 2 includes an installation limit boss 29, an upper The diversion oblique cone surface 21, the inner diversion cylindrical surface 22 and the lower diversion oblique cone surface 23, a narrow portion 24 is formed between the upper diversion oblique cone surface 21 and the gun tip 11, and the thermal conductive copper sealing structure 1 includes a connection with the gun. Shell connection installation thread 14, installation limit table 1 8, sealing structure, installation limit table 2 20, installation inner hole, inner heat conduction surface bending structure, inner water cooling cavity 18 arranged inside the heat conduction copper sealing structure 1, protection Cover the fixing structure and the guide cone surface arranged on the top of the heat-conducting copper sealing structure 1 . Through the tightening of the installation thread 14 and the precise positioning of the installation limit table-8, good repeatability of industrial production is ensured. The installation limiting boss 29 is arranged on the outer side of the inner sleeve 2 of the tungsten steel nozzle and on the upper side of the installation inner hole. The protective cover fixing structure includes a protective cover mounting boss 17 disposed on the outer side of the thermally conductive copper sealing structure 1 and a clamping table 25 matched with the protective cover mounting boss 17 . The sealing structure includes an outer sealing structure 15, a top sealing structure 13 and an inner sealing structure 16. The outer sealing structure 15 is arranged between the heat-conducting copper sealing structure 1 and the inner side of the gun shell outer tube 3, and the top sealing structure 13 is arranged in the heat-conducting copper sealing structure 1. Between the copper sealing structure 1 and the inner sealing table of the inner tube 4 of the gun shell, the inner sealing structure 16 is arranged between the heat-conducting copper sealing structure 1 and the inner side surface of the inner tube 4 of the gun shell. The inner heat-conducting surface bending structure includes a lower section 26 in contact with the inner sleeve 2 of the tungsten steel nozzle, a middle section 28 and an upper section 27 located outside the seal of the inner tube 4 of the gun shell.

The material of the inner sleeve 2 of the tungsten steel nozzle is a high temperature resistant conductive metal material. High temperature conductive metal materials include thorium tungsten alloy, lanthanum tungsten alloy and molybdenum alloy.

The protective cover fixing structure includes a protective cover installation slurry fixing groove 10 and a protective cover installation slurry 9 arranged on the outer side of the heat-conducting copper sealing structure 1 .

The thickness of the tungsten steel nozzle inner sleeve 2 is 4 to 8 mm, the height is 10 to 18 mm, and the inner hole diameter is 5 to 10 mm. Precise positioning can be achieved by the installation limiting bosses 29 disposed on the outside of the tungsten steel nozzle inner sleeve 2 and located on the upper side of the mounting inner hole and the installation limiting bosses 20 of the heat-conducting copper sealing structure 1 . In order to fully conduct the heat on the tungsten steel to the heat-conducting copper sealing structure 1, the outer side of the tungsten steel nozzle inner sleeve 2 is closely matched with the inner side of the mounting inner hole of the heat-conducting copper sealing structure 1. In order to prevent the tungsten steel nozzle inner sleeve 2 from cracking due to the different thermal expansion coefficients of copper and tungsten under the action of cold and heat external forces, the fit between the tungsten steel nozzle inner sleeve 2 and the thermally conductive copper sealing structure 1 must not be an interference fit.

The included angle between the upper guide oblique cone surface 21 and the central axis of the inner sleeve 2 of the tungsten steel nozzle is 15º to 45º. A conical tube-type gap is formed between the upper diversion sloping cone 21 and the gun tip 11. The smallest gap is controlled at 1 to 4 mm, and the narrow part 24 at the smallest gap allows the plasma gas to converge first and then quickly pass through. Entering the inner hole of the inner guide cylinder 22, a high-pressure cavity is formed on the narrow part 24, so as to prevent the plasma gas from flowing backward through the narrow part 24 and entering the high-pressure cavity due to the instantaneous high pressure generated by the abnormal external influence of the injected plasma gas Problems that damage the internal structure of the plasma arc gun. The inner guide cylinder 22 is a guide surface, and the included angle between the inner guide cylinder 22 and the central axis of the inner sleeve 2 of the tungsten steel nozzle is -10º to 10°, so as to guide the plasma gas to spray out of the tungsten steel nozzle.

The lower flow guiding inclined cone surface 23 of the tungsten steel nozzle inner sleeve 2 and the flow guiding cone surface at the top of the heat-conducting copper sealing structure 1 are both concave cone surfaces. The angle between the lower guide sloping cone 23 and the guide cone at the top of the thermally conductive copper sealing structure 1 and the central axis are both 80º to 90º, so as to form the largest possible contact between the inner sleeve 2 of the tungsten steel nozzle and the thermally conductive copper sealing structure 1 surface, and try to form the smallest contact surface between the inner sleeve 2 of the tungsten steel nozzle and the plasma arc. The concave surface design at the top of the thermal conductive copper sealing structure 1 can guide the ejected plasma gas to be ejected downward, and the sub-arc or sputtering arc 7 generated around the main plasma arc 6 can be conducted to the inner concave surface of the copper in a short path, so as to Avoid tungsten steel materials with poor thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity, and achieve the effect of greatly reducing the cracking of tungsten steel at 2 places in the inner sleeve of the tungsten steel nozzle caused by the impact of the factor arc or sputtering arc 7. At the same time, the concave hidden design reduces the reflection arc sprayed by the plasma arc gun and the heat and radiation inside the ultra-high temperature evaporator are conducted to the top of the nozzle of the plasma arc gun.

The outer sealing structure 15, the top sealing structure 13, and the inner sealing structure 16 are all provided with an O-shaped ring groove and an O-shaped ring filling seal. The outer sealing structure 15 and the top sealing structure 13 are double sealing structures arranged between the thermally conductive copper sealing structure 1 and the outer tube 3 of the gun shell. The thermal conductive copper sealing structure 1 and the outer tube 3 of the gun shell are in the high temperature environment of the ultra-high temperature evaporator. Under the long-term high-power working conditions, in order to ensure the stable operation of the plasma arc gun, when the ambient temperature used is below 1000 ℃, Either of the single seal structures of the double seal structure can be selected. The inner sealing structure 16 is a sealing structure provided between the heat-conducting copper sealing structure 1 and the inner tube 4 of the gun shell. In order to ensure the long-term high-power operation of the plasma arc gun, the inner sealing structure 16 is located at the upper section 27 of the bending structure of the inner heat-conducting surface.

The outer side of the lower section 26 of the inner heat conduction surface bending structure is a concave structure, so that the cooling water is as close to the tungsten steel material as possible. A chamfer 19 is provided on the lower side of the above-mentioned concave structure to avoid the reduction of the connection strength between the inner heat conducting surface and the top end of the heat conducting copper sealing structure 1 caused by the right-angle structure. The middle section 28 of the inner heat-conducting surface bending structure is a folded structure, which can conduct the heat of the lower section 26 to the upper section 27 as little as possible, thereby avoiding cooling damage at the sealing structure of the upper section 27 . The upper section 27 of the inner heat-conducting surface bending structure is concave inside and outside to meet the design requirement that the distance from the inner gun tip 11 is as far as possible, thereby preventing the high temperature of the gun tip 11 from being conducted to the upper section 27 of the heat-conducting copper sealing structure 1, and at the same time It also prevents the occurrence of internal short-circuit arcs. An insulating sleeve is provided between the upper section 27 of the inner heat conducting surface bending structure and the gun tip 11 .

The heat-conducting copper sealing structure 1 is provided with an inner water-cooling cavity 18 , where the cooling and circulating water introduced into the gun shell converges to form a stable cooling structure. The inner tube 4 of the gun shell is provided with several exhaust holes 12 at the lower side of the inner sealing structure 16 to prevent the local high temperature caused by the water vapor cavity formed below the sealing of the thermal conductive copper sealing structure 1 and the inner tube 4 of the gun shell.

The protective cover mounting boss 17 is used to support the outer protective cover 5 . The outer side of the heat-conducting copper sealing structure 1 is provided with a protective sleeve installation slurry fixing groove 10 , and the protective sleeve installation slurry fixing groove 10 is used for externally fixing the protective sleeve installation slurry 9 . After the outer protective sleeve 5 is installed on the outside of the plasma arc gun, the protective sleeve is installed with the slurry 9 to seal the gap between the two.

A high temperature resistant thermal insulation material is filled between the outer protective sleeve 5 and the plasma arc gun to achieve thermal insulation protection.

It should be noted that, the above-mentioned specific embodiments are merely examples for clear description, and are not intended to limit the embodiments. For those skilled in the art, on the basis of the above description, other different forms of changes or modifications can also be made, and it is not necessary to list them here. And the obvious changes or changes derived from this are still within the scope of protection of this creative creation.

1: Thermal conductive copper sealing structure 2: Tungsten steel nozzle inner sleeve 3: Gun shell outer tube 4: Gun shell inner tube 5: Outer protective cover 6: Plasma main arc 7: Sub arc or sputter arc 8: Install the limit table one 9: Protective sleeve installation slurry 10: Protective sleeve installation slurry fixing groove 11: Gun Tip 12: exhaust hole 13: Top sealing structure 14: Mounting thread 15: Outer sealing structure 16: Inner sealing structure 17: Protective sleeve mounting boss 18: Inner water cooling cavity 19: Chamfer 20: Install limiter two 21: Upper deflector inclined cone 22: inner guide cylinder 23: Lower deflector inclined cone 24: Natsube 25: Card table 26: Lower paragraph 27: upper paragraph 28: Mid section 29: Install the limit boss

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the invention.

5: Outer protective cover

6: Plasma main arc

7: Sub arc or sputter arc

8: Install the limit table one

13: Top sealing structure

14: Mounting thread

15: Outer sealing structure

16: Inner sealing structure

17: Protective sleeve mounting boss

25: Card table

26: Lower paragraph

27: upper paragraph

28: Mid section

29: Install the limit boss

Claims (10)

A plasma arc gun nozzle structure, comprising: a tungsten steel nozzle inner sleeve and a heat-conducting copper sealing structure, the tungsten steel nozzle inner sleeve includes an installation limit boss, an upper guide oblique cone, and an inner guide column A narrow part is formed between the upper diversion inclined cone and a gun tip, and the heat-conducting copper sealing structure includes a mounting thread connected with a gun shell, an installation limit table, A sealing structure, an installation limit table 2, an installation inner hole, an inner heat conduction surface bending structure, an inner water cooling cavity arranged inside the heat conduction copper sealing structure, a protective cover fixing structure and a heat conduction copper seal A diversion cone at the top of the structure, wherein the gun shell includes a gun shell inner tube and a gun shell outer tube, and the installation limit boss of the tungsten steel nozzle inner sleeve is arranged on the outside of the tungsten steel nozzle inner sleeve and is located at the outer side of the tungsten steel nozzle inner sleeve. There are two installation limit platforms on the upper side of the installation inner hole. The protective sleeve fixing structure includes a protective sleeve installation boss arranged on the outer side of the thermal conductive copper sealing structure and a clamping platform matched with the protective sleeve installation boss. The sealing structure includes an outer sealing structure, a top sealing structure and an inner sealing structure, the outer sealing structure is arranged between the thermally conductive copper sealing structure and the inner side of the outer tube of the gun shell, and the top sealing structure is arranged on the thermally conductive copper Between the sealing structure and the inner sealing table of the inner tube of the gun shell, the inner sealing structure is arranged between the heat-conducting copper sealing structure and the inner side of the inner tube of the gun shell, and the bending structure of the inner heat-conducting surface includes and the tungsten steel The lower section and the middle section contacted by the inner sleeve of the nozzle and the upper section located outside the seal of the inner tube of the gun shell. The plasma arc gun nozzle structure of claim 1, wherein the material of the inner sleeve of the tungsten steel nozzle is a high temperature resistant conductive metal material, and the high temperature resistant conductive metal material includes thorium tungsten alloy, lanthanum tungsten alloy and molybdenum alloy. The nozzle structure of the plasma arc gun according to claim 1, wherein the protective cover fixing structure comprises a protective cover installation slurry fixing groove and a protective cover installation slurry arranged on the outer side of the thermally conductive copper sealing structure. The plasma arc gun nozzle structure of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the inner sleeve of the tungsten steel nozzle is 4 to 8 mm, the height is 10 to 18 mm, the inner diameter is 5 to 10 mm, and the outer side of the inner sleeve of the tungsten steel nozzle and the The inner side of the mounting inner hole of the thermally conductive copper sealing structure is tightly fitted. The nozzle structure of the plasma arc gun as claimed in claim 1, wherein the angle between the upper guide oblique cone surface and the central axis of the inner sleeve of the tungsten steel nozzle is 15° to 45°, and the upper guide oblique cone surface and the gun A conical tube-type gap is formed between the tips, and the smallest part of the gap is 1 to 4mm. The inner guide cylinder is the guide surface, and the inner guide cylinder is connected to the central axis of the inner sleeve of the tungsten steel nozzle. The angle between them is -10° to 10°. The nozzle structure of the plasma arc gun according to claim 1, wherein the lower guide oblique cone surface of the inner sleeve of the tungsten steel nozzle and the guide cone surface at the top of the heat-conducting copper sealing structure are both concave cone surfaces, and the lower guide oblique surface is both concave cone surfaces. The angle between the cone surface, the guide cone surface and the central axis is all 80° to 90°. The plasma arc gun nozzle structure of claim 1, wherein an O-ring groove and an O-ring filling seal are provided at the outer sealing structure, the top sealing structure, and the inner sealing structure. The plasma arc gun nozzle structure of claim 1, wherein the outer side of the lower section of the inner heat-conducting surface bending structure is a concave structure, the lower side of the concave structure is provided with a chamfer, and the middle section of the inner heat-conducting surface bending structure is It is a folded structure, the inner side of the upper section of the inner heat-conducting surface bending structure is concave outside, and an insulating sleeve is arranged between the upper section of the inner heat-conducting surface bending structure and the gun tip. The nozzle structure of the plasma arc gun according to claim 1, wherein the inner tube of the gun shell is located at the lower side of the inner sealing structure and is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes. The plasma arc gun nozzle structure of claim 3, wherein a high temperature-resistant thermal insulation material is filled between an outer protective cover installed outside the plasma arc gun nozzle structure and the plasma arc gun nozzle structure.

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