CN112647037A - Four-cathode plasma spraying spray gun device - Google Patents
Four-cathode plasma spraying spray gun device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112647037A CN112647037A CN202011494398.0A CN202011494398A CN112647037A CN 112647037 A CN112647037 A CN 112647037A CN 202011494398 A CN202011494398 A CN 202011494398A CN 112647037 A CN112647037 A CN 112647037A
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- cathode
- anode
- spray gun
- powder
- powder feeding
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
Abstract
The invention provides a four-cathode plasma spraying spray gun device. The four-cathode plasma spraying spray gun device consists of a plasma arc formation control system, a cooling system, a powder feeding system, a gas feeding system and a main shell. The plasma arc forming control system consists of four parallel cathodes insulated from each other and three anode nozzles connected in series by insulating rings, only the nozzle on the insulating ring nearest to the cathode works as the anode, and the working gas fed by the gas feeding system passes through the electric arc between the cathode and the nozzle as the anode, thereby generating stable plasma arc to be sprayed out. The powder particles sent by the powder feeding system meet the plasma arc, are melted or semi-melted, and are continuously sprayed forwards to form a firm and uniform surface layer on the workpiece. The cooling system is used for cooling the cathode and the anode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of plasma spraying, and particularly provides a four-cathode plasma spraying spray gun device.
Background
Plasma spraying is a technique for strengthening and modifying the surface of a material. The surface of the matrix has the performances of wear resistance, corrosion resistance, high-temperature oxidation resistance, electric insulation, heat insulation, radiation protection, friction reduction, sealing and the like. The plasma spraying technique uses a plasma arc driven by direct current as a heat source, heats a material such as ceramics, alloys, metals, etc. to a molten or semi-molten state, and sprays the material at a high speed onto the surface of a processed workpiece to form a firmly adhered surface layer.
Plasma spray guns are devices for forming and controlling plasma arcs as well as for spraying materials and delivering shielding gases, and are the most important devices for plasma spraying. A typical plasma torch apparatus has a heat source consisting of a single cathode and anode. However, the plasma jet flame generated by a single cathode and anode has poor uniformity, so that the sprayed powder particle material is heated unevenly and the spraying quality is poor. And the service time of the cathode is shortened due to easy burning loss caused by overheating during the working process. Due to the instability of the arc, the arc has low working efficiency and high noise, and cannot be adapted to the current production environment. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a plasma spraying gun with better performance to overcome the existing shortcomings.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical defects of uneven heating, poor spraying quality, short cathode service time, low working efficiency, high noise and the like of the plasma spraying spray gun, the invention provides a four-cathode plasma spraying spray gun device. The four-cathode plasma spraying spray gun device consists of a plasma arc formation control system, a cooling system, a powder feeding system, a gas feeding system and a main shell. The plasma arc forming control system consists of four parallel cathodes insulated from each other and three anode nozzles connected in series by insulating rings, only the nozzle on the insulating ring nearest to the cathode works as the anode, and the working gas fed by the gas feeding system passes through the electric arc between the cathode and the nozzle as the anode, thereby generating stable plasma arc to be sprayed out. The powder particles sent by the powder feeding system meet the plasma arc, are melted or semi-melted, and are continuously sprayed forwards to form a firm and uniform surface layer on the workpiece. The cooling system is used for cooling the cathode and the anode.
The four parallel mutually insulated cathodes are arranged in a field shape, the heads of the four parallel mutually insulated cathodes are all in a spherical design, arc striking is facilitated, and arc instability caused by cathode spot jumping due to the fact that the heads are too blunt is avoided.
The gas supply system is arranged in the main body shell of the spray gun, and working gas enters from an external pipeline and is connected with a gas inlet pipe so as to be fed between the cathode nozzle and the anode nozzle.
The working gas may be nitrogen, argon, hydrogen, etc. When inert gas is used as working gas, the substrate and powder can be protected from oxidation, and impurities in the coating can be reduced.
The cooling system is composed of a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and an internal pipeline, an external water source enters the internal pipeline through the water inlet pipe, cools the cathode and the anode nozzle, and finally flows out through the water outlet pipe.
The powder feeding system adopts a spray gun center powder feeding mode and is composed of three powder feeding pipes which are evenly distributed, the distance between every two powder feeding pipes is 120 degrees, and the three powder feeding pipes simultaneously feed powder to the center of plasma flame so as to provide raw materials for spraying. The powder feeding pipe has a certain angle with the inner or outer angle of the axis of the nozzle. This solution contributes to an improved homogeneity of the heating of the powder.
The main body shell is cast by the stainless steel, and the outside scribbles the anticorrosive coating of polyethylene, has higher anticorrosive anticorrosion ability under the job scene, and main body shell itself has the function of protecting inside pipeline, and the striking is avoided to negative pole etc. prevents that the dust from getting into.
The main body cover is internally provided with a sound insulation layer, the sound insulation felt which uses rubber and plastic as main materials is attached to the inner wall of the main body cover, the sound insulation felt is used for absorbing noise, the transmission of the noise generated when the spray gun works can be effectively reduced, and the working environment is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the four-cathode plasma spraying spray gun device provided by the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
first, the present invention adopts a four-cathode structure, which reduces the possibility of burning-out of the nozzle and cathode due to overheating and prolongs the service life of the nozzle and cathode, compared with a common single-cathode spray gun.
Secondly, the invention adopts a four-cathode structure, because the four cathodes are respectively at the eccentric positions away from the anode, only one anode arc root corresponding to each cathode tip is arranged according to the principle of minimum enthalpy requirement minimum arc length, thereby solving the circumferential motion and axial motion of the anode arc root and effectively maintaining the stability of the electric arc.
Thirdly, the invention adopts a four-cathode structure, and compared with a three-cathode spray gun, the four-cathode structure can adopt a smaller cathode diameter under the same working efficiency, thereby reducing the current density of the cathode and correspondingly lowering the working temperature of the cathode. Because the diameter of the cathode is selected on the principle that the temperature of the cathode is lower than the melting point of the material, the cathode material can be selected more widely and has longer service life. And the cooling system has a better cooling effect for the cathode with a smaller diameter.
Fourthly, the invention adopts the mode of feeding powder from the center of the spray gun and is completed by three powder feeding pipes working together. The plasma arc spraying device can effectively avoid the influence of the powder feeding airflow on the stability of the plasma arc, not only can increase the spraying uniformity, but also can effectively reduce the noise.
Fifth, the central powder feeding mode of the spray gun adopted by the invention effectively increases the powder deposition efficiency compared with the common powder feeding mode, and has more outstanding advantages for spraying large-scale workpieces or large-batch components.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings required for the technical examples will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is an assembly drawing of the components of a four-cathode plasma spray gun configuration.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an apparatus of the anode showerhead.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a four cathode device.
In the attached figure 1, a stainless steel powder feeding nozzle; 2. a water outlet pipe; 3. an air inlet; 4. a water inlet; 5. a nozzle protection cover; 6. a main body housing; 7. a ceramic insulating spacer; 8. a nozzle assembly; 9. a cathode; 10. cathode insulation protective housing.
Detailed Description
The four-cathode plasma spraying spray gun device of the invention is shown in figure 1 and comprises three identical stainless steel powder feeding nozzles 1, a water outlet pipe 2, an air inlet 3, three water inlets 4 and a main body shell 6. The outer structure of the four-cathode plasma spray gun is formed by the four-cathode plasma spray gun.
The internal electrode structure of the four-cathode plasma spraying spray gun is respectively shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, wherein fig. 2 is an anode spray head part of the device and comprises three ceramic insulating gaskets 7 and three spray nozzle assemblies 8. Fig. 3 shows the cathode part of the device, comprising four cathodes 9, a cathode insulating protective casing 10. Wherein the nozzle assembly 8 closest to the cathode 9 operates as the anode of the present device.
The following explains an example of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
Before the device starts, the three water inlets 4 are externally connected with a cold water source, cold water is introduced, the water enters the main body shell 6 through the water inlets, flows through the four cathodes 9 and the nozzle assembly 8 working as an anode through an internal pipeline, and finally is sent out from the water outlet pipe 1, so that the work of a cooling system is completed.
When the device works, four parallel and mutually insulated cathodes 9 protected by a cathode insulation protective shell 10 and three nozzle assemblies 8 connected in series by three ceramic insulation gaskets 7 form a plasma arc formation control system, wherein only the nozzle assembly closest to the four cathodes 9 works as an anode, and only one tip of each cathode 9 is corresponding to an anode root, so that stable electric arcs are generated. The working gas enters through the gas inlet 3, is transported to a position between the cathode 9 and the nozzle assembly 8 which works as an anode through an internal pipeline of the main body casing 6, and is contacted with the electric arc to generate an ionization reaction, and forms a plasma arc to be output to the outside of the nozzle assembly 8. Three stainless steel powder feeding nozzles 1 were evenly distributed around the plasma arc outlet at angles of 120 degrees each. The three stainless steel powder feeding nozzles 1 simultaneously and uniformly feed powder outwards, the powder is sprayed to the outlet of the nozzle assembly 8, and the powder is converged with the plasma arc, melted or semi-melted by the plasma arc and sprayed onto a workpiece to form a uniform and firm surface layer on the workpiece.
Claims (8)
1. A four-cathode plasma spraying spray gun device. The four-cathode plasma spraying spray gun device consists of a plasma arc formation control system, a cold system, a powder feeding system, an air feeding system and a main shell. The plasma arc forming control system consists of four parallel cathodes insulated from each other and three anode nozzles connected in series by insulating rings, only the nozzle on the insulating ring nearest to the cathode works as the anode, and the working gas fed by the gas feeding system passes through the electric arc between the cathode and the nozzle as the anode, thereby generating stable plasma arc to be sprayed out. The powder particles sent by the powder feeding system meet the plasma arc, are melted or semi-melted, and are continuously sprayed forwards to form a firm and uniform surface layer on the workpiece. The cooling system is used for cooling the cathode and the anode.
2. The four parallel mutually insulated cathodes according to claim 1 are arranged in a grid shape, and the heads thereof are all designed in a spherical shape, which is beneficial to arc striking and can prevent arc instability caused by cathode spot jumping caused by too long head.
3. A gas supply system according to claim 1, provided in a main body casing of the spray gun, and working gas is introduced from an external pipe, connected to a gas inlet pipe, and supplied between the cathode and anode nozzles.
4. The working gas of claim 1 may be nitrogen, argon, hydrogen, or the like. When inert gas is used as working gas, the substrate and powder can be protected from oxidation, and impurities in the coating can be reduced.
5. The cooling system of claim 1, wherein the cooling system comprises a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and an internal pipeline, wherein an external water source enters from the water inlet pipe and flows through the internal pipeline to cool the cathode and the anode nozzles, and finally flows out from the water outlet pipe.
6. The powder feeding system of claim 1, which is a central powder feeding system of a spray gun, and comprises three evenly distributed powder feeding pipes, wherein each powder feeding pipe is 120 degrees apart, and the three powder feeding pipes simultaneously feed powder to the center of the plasma flame to provide raw materials for spraying. The powder feeding pipe has a certain angle with the inner or outer angle of the axis of the nozzle. This solution contributes to an improved homogeneity of the heating of the powder.
7. The main body casing of claim 1 is cast from stainless steel, and has a polyethylene anticorrosive coating on the outside, has a high anticorrosive and corrosion-resistant capability in a working scene, and has the functions of protecting the internal pipeline, the cathode and the like from being impacted and preventing dust from entering.
8. The main body casing of claim 1, further comprising a sound insulation layer attached to an inner wall of the main body casing with a sound insulation felt made of rubber or plastic as a main material, for absorbing noise, thereby effectively reducing noise transmission during operation of the spray gun and improving working environment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011494398.0A CN112647037A (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2020-12-17 | Four-cathode plasma spraying spray gun device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011494398.0A CN112647037A (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2020-12-17 | Four-cathode plasma spraying spray gun device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112647037A true CN112647037A (en) | 2021-04-13 |
Family
ID=75355387
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011494398.0A Withdrawn CN112647037A (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2020-12-17 | Four-cathode plasma spraying spray gun device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112647037A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113930708A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2022-01-14 | 青岛科技大学 | Electromagnetic induction heating auxiliary supersonic speed plasma spraying spray gun device |
| CN117127137A (en) * | 2023-08-30 | 2023-11-28 | 安徽工程大学 | Multiphase embedded type gradient color thermal barrier coating, preparation method and preparation system |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0500492A1 (en) * | 1991-02-21 | 1992-08-26 | Sulzer Metco AG | Plasma spray gun for spraying powdered or gaseous materials |
| CN103260330A (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2013-08-21 | 成都真火科技有限公司 | Multiple-cathode central-axis anode arc plasma generator |
| CN111286693A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-06-16 | 天津大学 | Microporous anode for cluster plasma spray gun and cluster plasma spraying method |
-
2020
- 2020-12-17 CN CN202011494398.0A patent/CN112647037A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0500492A1 (en) * | 1991-02-21 | 1992-08-26 | Sulzer Metco AG | Plasma spray gun for spraying powdered or gaseous materials |
| CN103260330A (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2013-08-21 | 成都真火科技有限公司 | Multiple-cathode central-axis anode arc plasma generator |
| CN111286693A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-06-16 | 天津大学 | Microporous anode for cluster plasma spray gun and cluster plasma spraying method |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113930708A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2022-01-14 | 青岛科技大学 | Electromagnetic induction heating auxiliary supersonic speed plasma spraying spray gun device |
| CN117127137A (en) * | 2023-08-30 | 2023-11-28 | 安徽工程大学 | Multiphase embedded type gradient color thermal barrier coating, preparation method and preparation system |
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| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20210413 |
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| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |