TWM444312U - Vehicle power supply device with stable generator power output - Google Patents
Vehicle power supply device with stable generator power output Download PDFInfo
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- TWM444312U TWM444312U TW101216791U TW101216791U TWM444312U TW M444312 U TWM444312 U TW M444312U TW 101216791 U TW101216791 U TW 101216791U TW 101216791 U TW101216791 U TW 101216791U TW M444312 U TWM444312 U TW M444312U
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Description
本創作係關於一種車輛供電裝置,尤指一種將充電、供電配線分離設置,以提供穩定的輸出電源至車輛負載線路上的供電裝置。The present invention relates to a vehicle power supply device, and more particularly to a power supply device that separates charging and power supply wiring to provide a stable output power to a vehicle load line.
請參考圖9所示,是現有車輛供電裝置的電路接線方塊圖,供電裝置會包含有一發電機41及一整流器42,該發電機41的輸出端連接到整流器42的輸入端。當發動車輛後,發電機41開始運轉而產生交流電壓,此交流電壓輸出至整流器42,利用整流器42轉換為直流電壓。Please refer to FIG. 9 , which is a circuit wiring block diagram of a conventional vehicle power supply device. The power supply device includes a generator 41 and a rectifier 42 . The output of the generator 41 is connected to the input end of the rectifier 42 . When the vehicle is started, the generator 41 starts operating to generate an AC voltage, which is output to the rectifier 42 and converted to a DC voltage by the rectifier 42.
整流器42的輸出端連接有多組的輸出電源線43,這些輸出電源線43即直接分配到車輛內部的不同負載或電子設備,例如將輸出電源線43接線到車輛的車燈,將直流電壓直接供應給車燈。The output of the rectifier 42 is connected with a plurality of sets of output power lines 43 which are directly distributed to different loads or electronic devices inside the vehicle, for example, the output power line 43 is wired to the vehicle's lights, and the direct current voltage is directly Supply to the lights.
但是現有的供電方式將會產生電壓不穩定而使負載異常動作的問題。這是因為發電機41所產生的電力會隨著車輛車速而起伏波動,當車速越快時,產生的電壓會較高,反之車速越慢時,產生的電壓相對較小,因此,整流器42所接收到的交流電壓並不是一穩定的電壓,轉換出來的直流電壓自然不甚穩定。However, the existing power supply method causes a problem that the voltage is unstable and the load is abnormally operated. This is because the power generated by the generator 41 fluctuates with the vehicle speed. When the vehicle speed is faster, the generated voltage will be higher. On the contrary, the slower the vehicle speed, the generated voltage is relatively smaller. Therefore, the rectifier 42 is The received AC voltage is not a stable voltage, and the converted DC voltage is naturally not stable.
此不穩定的直流電壓在經由輸出電源線43直接供應到車體內部的電子設備後,電子設備即會受此浮動的直流電壓影響而異常工作,例如車燈會隨著車速的快慢而忽暗忽 亮,無法維持一固定的照明亮度;除此之外,當直流電壓異常提高時,甚至可能會直接使電子設備燒毀。After the unstable DC voltage is directly supplied to the electronic device inside the vehicle body via the output power line 43, the electronic device is abnormally affected by the floating DC voltage, for example, the lamp will be dimmed with the speed of the vehicle. Bright, unable to maintain a fixed illumination brightness; in addition, when the DC voltage is abnormally increased, it may even directly burn the electronic device.
而且整流器42直接輸出的電壓是一相對較大的電壓,以機車為例約14.8V,此大電壓長期直接施加在電子零件時,會縮短電子零件的使用壽命,對電子元件產生損害。Moreover, the voltage directly output by the rectifier 42 is a relatively large voltage, and the locomotive is exemplified by about 14.8V. When the large voltage is directly applied to the electronic component for a long time, the service life of the electronic component is shortened, and the electronic component is damaged.
鑑於現有車輛供電裝置所輸出之直流電壓不甚穩定,導致車輛內部電子設備易發生異常運作。本創作之主要目的係提供一種將充電、供電線路分離配置,以提供穩定輸出電壓之車輛供電裝置。In view of the fact that the DC voltage outputted by the existing vehicle power supply device is not stable, the internal electronic equipment of the vehicle is prone to abnormal operation. The main purpose of this creation is to provide a vehicle power supply device that separates the charging and power supply lines to provide a stable output voltage.
為達成前述目的,本創作具穩定發電機電源輸出的車輛供電裝置包含有:一發電機,裝設於車輛內部且輸出一交流電壓;一整流器,連接於發電機的輸出端以接收該交流電壓,整流器轉換交流電壓為一第一直流電壓而自一輸出端輸出該第一直流電壓;一電瓶,具有一正極端子及一負極端子,該正極端子連接整流器的輸出端以接收該第一直流電壓,該負極端子為接地;複數條負載配線,連接在電瓶的正極端子與負極端子,供連接至車輛內部的電子裝置。In order to achieve the foregoing objectives, the vehicle power supply device with stable generator power output includes: a generator installed in the vehicle and outputting an alternating voltage; and a rectifier connected to the output end of the generator to receive the alternating voltage The rectifier converts the alternating current voltage into a first direct current voltage and outputs the first direct current voltage from an output end; a battery having a positive terminal and a negative terminal, the positive terminal being connected to the output end of the rectifier to receive the first direct current voltage The negative terminal is grounded; a plurality of load wires are connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the battery for connection to an electronic device inside the vehicle.
在本創作,充電電力自發電機、整流器經由第一輸出配線組而進入到電瓶,供電部分自電瓶經由負載配線而對外傳輸,充電部分與供電之間利用電瓶提供分離緩衝,當發電機運轉產生交流電壓,將藉由整流器轉為第一直流電 壓,此第一直流電壓先傳送到電瓶,因此,由電瓶輸出的直流電壓可變得更加穩定,而不會隨著發電機的輸出電壓波動而產生顯著的改變。In the present invention, the charging power is input from the generator and the rectifier to the battery via the first output wiring group, and the power supply portion is externally transmitted from the battery via the load wiring, and the battery is provided with a separation buffer between the charging portion and the power supply, when the generator operates. AC voltage will be converted to the first DC by the rectifier The first DC voltage is first transmitted to the battery, so that the DC voltage output by the battery can be made more stable without significant changes as the output voltage of the generator fluctuates.
請參考圖1、2所示,本創作車輛供電裝置包含有:一發電機11,裝設於車輛內部,在車輛發動時輸出一交流電壓;一整流器12,利用一組輸入配線120連接於發電機11的輸出端以接收該交流電壓,並將該交流電壓轉換為一第一直流電壓,該第一直流電壓從整流器12經由第一輸出配線組21對外輸出,該第一輸出配線組21包含有一正電源線211及一負電源線212;一電瓶13,係具有一正極端子131及一負極端子132,該正極端子131連接在整流器12之正電源線211以接收該直流電壓,其負極端子132則是接地,本實施例的負極端子132是連接整流器12的負電源線212以達到接地效果,除此之外,請參考圖3所示,由於車輛的車架本體即為接地電位,該負電源線212亦可連接在車架本體而同樣達到接地作用;複數條負載配線23,係連接在電瓶13的正極端子131與負極端子132,供連接至車輛內部的電子裝置。Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the power supply device of the present invention includes: a generator 11 installed in the interior of the vehicle and outputting an alternating voltage when the vehicle is started; and a rectifier 12 connected to the transmitter by a set of input wirings 120 The output end of the motor 11 receives the AC voltage and converts the AC voltage into a first DC voltage, and the first DC voltage is externally outputted from the rectifier 12 via the first output wiring group 21, and the first output wiring group 21 includes There is a positive power line 211 and a negative power line 212; a battery 13 has a positive terminal 131 and a negative terminal 132, the positive terminal 131 is connected to the positive power line 211 of the rectifier 12 to receive the DC voltage, and its negative terminal 132 is the grounding. The negative terminal 132 of the embodiment is connected to the negative power line 212 of the rectifier 12 to achieve the grounding effect. In addition, please refer to FIG. 3, since the frame body of the vehicle is the ground potential, The negative power line 212 can also be connected to the frame body to achieve the same grounding effect; the plurality of load wires 23 are connected to the positive terminal 131 and the negative terminal 132 of the battery 13 for connection to the vehicle. Department of electronic devices.
在本創作,充電部分自發電機11、整流器21經由第一輸出配線組21而到電瓶13,供電部分自電瓶13藉由負載配線23而對外傳輸,充電部分與供電部分是採分離配置,當車輛行駛而發電機11運轉產生交流電壓,交流電壓傳送 至整流器12轉為第一直流電壓,此第一直流電壓有別於直接供應至負載的傳統作法,而是有部分電壓會對電瓶13進行充電,再與電瓶13之輸出電壓經由負載配線23一併傳送到負載,因此,對於負載而言,經過電瓶13提供的緩衝效果,可獲得一相對穩定的直流電壓,而不會隨著發電機11的輸出電壓波動而產生顯著的改變。以機車為例,而連接電瓶13的負載配線23可傳送給引擎控制器、燃油泵浦、燃油調節閥、燃油噴嘴、引擎溫度感知器、進氣溫度感知器、節流閥、含氧感知器、怠速空氣控制器、晶體點火組、主電開關鎖、後燈組、大燈組等,從電瓶13輸出的電壓值可維持在一相對較低的14V,相對於從整流器接收供電的傳統作法,負載依本創作的配線方式接收到的是一相對較低且穩定的電壓,故可相對延長使用壽命。In the present invention, the charging portion is self-generated from the generator 11 and the rectifier 21 to the battery 13 via the first output wiring group 21, and the power supply portion is externally transmitted from the battery 13 through the load wiring 23, and the charging portion and the power supply portion are separated from each other. The vehicle runs while the generator 11 operates to generate an AC voltage, and the AC voltage is transmitted. The rectifier 12 is turned into a first DC voltage, which is different from the conventional method of directly supplying the load, but a part of the voltage charges the battery 13, and then the output voltage of the battery 13 is via the load wiring 23 And transmitted to the load, therefore, for the load, a relatively stable DC voltage can be obtained by the buffering effect provided by the battery 13, without causing a significant change as the output voltage of the generator 11 fluctuates. Taking a locomotive as an example, the load wiring 23 connected to the battery 13 can be transmitted to an engine controller, a fuel pump, a fuel regulating valve, a fuel nozzle, an engine temperature sensor, an intake air temperature sensor, a throttle valve, and an oxygen sensor. The idle voltage controller, the crystal ignition group, the main power switch lock, the rear lamp group, the headlight group, etc., the voltage value output from the battery 13 can be maintained at a relatively low 14V, compared to the conventional method of receiving power from the rectifier. The load received by the load is a relatively low and stable voltage, so the service life can be relatively extended.
本創作的整流器12除了提供第一輸出配線組21,可進一步再提供第二輸出配線組22,其中,該第二輸出配線組22提供第二直流電壓,該第二直流電壓略低於第一直流電壓。例如可在整流器12的輸出端上設置一降壓元件,例如二極體,整流器12輸出的直流電壓經過二極體後約降低0.7V。此第二直流電壓亦可以視配線需求,提供給車輛內部用電較小的電子裝置。The rectifier 12 of the present invention can provide a second output wiring group 22 in addition to the first output wiring group 21, wherein the second output wiring group 22 provides a second DC voltage, which is slightly lower than the first DC voltage. DC voltage. For example, a step-down element, such as a diode, can be placed at the output of the rectifier 12, and the DC voltage output by the rectifier 12 is reduced by about 0.7 V after passing through the diode. The second DC voltage can also be supplied to the electronic device with less power consumption inside the vehicle depending on the wiring demand.
在本創作中,通過第一輸出配線組21的電流會大於第二輸出配線組22。經由整流器12輸出的電壓中若還含有因整流不完整導致的交流成分,經由電瓶13緩衝吸收後,仍可從負載配線23提供乾淨的直流電壓給負載;因為汽、機車的車體主配線長,該第二輸出配線組22可供應距離較遠 的負載用電,且第二輸出配線組22輸出的電壓經過二極體後,本身是一穩定的直流電壓。In the present creation, the current passing through the first output wiring group 21 is larger than the second output wiring group 22. If the voltage outputted via the rectifier 12 further contains an AC component due to incomplete rectification, after being buffered and absorbed by the battery 13, the clean DC voltage can be supplied from the load wiring 23 to the load; because the main wiring of the body of the steam and the locomotive is long. The second output wiring group 22 can supply a long distance The load is powered, and the voltage outputted by the second output wiring group 22 passes through the diode itself, which is a stable DC voltage.
以機車測試為例,在未全面供電給負載時(例如車燈未開啟),從連接電瓶13的輸出配線23上所測得的電流約為2.17A,第二輸出配線組22的電流相當微弱,約為0.02A。在開啟負載後,輸出配線23上所測得的電流上升至約4.98AA,第二輸出配線組22的電流亦提高至0.27A。Taking the locomotive test as an example, when the power is not fully supplied to the load (for example, the lamp is not turned on), the current measured from the output wiring 23 connected to the battery 13 is about 2.17 A, and the current of the second output wiring group 22 is rather weak. , about 0.02A. After the load is turned on, the current measured on the output wiring 23 rises to about 4.98 AA, and the current of the second output wiring group 22 also increases to 0.27 A.
請再參考圖4、5所示,為本創作之另一較佳實施例,與前述第一實施例不同之處在於整流器12與電瓶13之間進一步連接有一保險絲14,當整流器12或電瓶13有任何一方故障時,該保險絲14可切斷兩者之間的迴路而達到保護另一方的目的,例如整流器12異常產生較高的電流時,保險絲14會自動中斷迴路而保護電瓶13免受大電流衝擊,同理,當電瓶13異常而汲取大電流時,保險絲14會自動中斷迴路而保護整流器12。Referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 again, another preferred embodiment of the present invention is different from the foregoing first embodiment in that a fuse 14 is further connected between the rectifier 12 and the battery 13 when the rectifier 12 or the battery 13 is connected. When either one fails, the fuse 14 can cut off the circuit between the two to protect the other side. For example, when the rectifier 12 abnormally generates a high current, the fuse 14 automatically interrupts the circuit to protect the battery 13 from the large one. In the same way, when the battery 13 is abnormal and draws a large current, the fuse 14 automatically interrupts the circuit to protect the rectifier 12.
參考圖6、7所示,本實施例係進一步包含有一繼電器15,該繼電器15其中一接點係連接到整流器12的輸出端及電瓶13的正極端子131,繼電器15的另一接點則是供連接到車輛的起動馬達16。其中,保險絲14係可設置在繼電器15與整流器12的輸出端之間。Referring to Figures 6 and 7, the embodiment further includes a relay 15 having a contact connected to the output of the rectifier 12 and the positive terminal 131 of the battery 13, and the other contact of the relay 15 is A starter motor 16 for connection to a vehicle. The fuse 14 can be disposed between the relay 15 and the output of the rectifier 12.
綜上所述,本創作將發電機11、整流器12及電瓶13三者先並聯後,再由電瓶13輸出直流電壓到車輛內部的電子裝置,藉由電瓶13的緩和,可降低交流電壓不穩所引起的電壓變化,讓電子裝置接受穩定的直流電壓,此種將充電、供電分離的作法可避免裝置發生異常工作。又整流器 12亦可直接提供一較小的第二直流電壓,可供應給車輛內部耗電需求較低的其它電子裝置。In summary, the present invention combines the generator 11, the rectifier 12 and the battery 13 in parallel, and then the DC voltage is output from the battery 13 to the electronic device inside the vehicle. By the relaxation of the battery 13, the AC voltage instability can be reduced. The resulting voltage change allows the electronic device to accept a stable DC voltage. This method of separating charging and power supply can prevent abnormal operation of the device. Rectifier 12 can also directly provide a smaller second DC voltage, which can be supplied to other electronic devices with low power consumption requirements inside the vehicle.
在前述各實施例中,本創作以應用在機車車輛內部為較佳實施例說明,除此之外亦可應用在汽車車輛。如圖8所示,以汽車為例,在車輛引擎組30的內部亦具有一發電機11及一整流器12,發電機11產生的交流電源經由整流器12轉換為直流電源後,同樣是先對電瓶13進行充電,再從電瓶13提供電源給車輛內的電子元件。電瓶13的負極端子132可連接至車體,該整流器12的負極亦連接至車體而達到相同的接地效果。In the foregoing embodiments, the present invention has been described as being applied to the interior of a rolling stock as a preferred embodiment, and may be applied to an automobile vehicle in addition to the above. As shown in FIG. 8 , in the automobile as an example, a generator 11 and a rectifier 12 are also disposed inside the vehicle engine block 30. After the AC power generated by the generator 11 is converted into a DC power source via the rectifier 12, the battery is also first applied. 13 is charged, and power is supplied from the battery 13 to the electronic components in the vehicle. The negative terminal 132 of the battery 13 can be connected to the vehicle body, and the negative pole of the rectifier 12 is also connected to the vehicle body to achieve the same grounding effect.
11‧‧‧發電機11‧‧‧Generator
12‧‧‧整流器12‧‧‧Rectifier
120‧‧‧輸入配線120‧‧‧Input wiring
13‧‧‧電瓶13‧‧‧Battery
131‧‧‧正極端子131‧‧‧ positive terminal
132‧‧‧負極端子132‧‧‧Negative terminal
14‧‧‧保險絲14‧‧‧Fuse
15‧‧‧繼電器15‧‧‧Relay
16‧‧‧起動馬達16‧‧‧Starter motor
21‧‧‧第一輸出配線組21‧‧‧First output wiring set
211‧‧‧正電源線211‧‧‧ positive power cord
212‧‧‧負電源線212‧‧‧Negative power cord
22‧‧‧第二輸出配線組22‧‧‧Second output wiring set
23‧‧‧負載配線23‧‧‧Load wiring
30‧‧‧引擎組30‧‧‧Engine Group
41‧‧‧發電機41‧‧‧Generator
42‧‧‧整流器42‧‧‧Rectifier
43‧‧‧輸出電源43‧‧‧Output power supply
圖1:本創作車輛供電裝置第一實施例的接線示意圖。Fig. 1: Schematic diagram of the wiring of the first embodiment of the power supply device of the present invention.
圖2:本創作車輛供電裝置第一實施例的外觀示意圖。Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing the first embodiment of the power supply device of the present invention.
圖3:本創作車輛供電裝置第二實施例的外觀示意圖。Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the second embodiment of the power supply device of the present invention.
圖4:本創作車輛供電裝置第三實施例的接線示意圖。Fig. 4 is a wiring diagram of a third embodiment of the power supply device of the present invention.
圖5:本創作車輛供電裝置第三實施例的外觀示意圖。Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing the third embodiment of the power supply device of the present invention.
圖6:本創作車輛供電裝置第四實施例的接線示意圖。Fig. 6 is a wiring diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present vehicle power supply device.
圖7:本創作車輛供電裝置第四實施例的外觀示意圖。Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing the fourth embodiment of the power supply device of the present invention.
圖8:本創作車輛供電裝置應用在汽車車輛的示意圖。Figure 8: Schematic diagram of the application of the vehicle power supply device to an automobile vehicle.
圖9:既有車輛供電裝置的電路接線方塊圖。Figure 9: Block diagram of the circuit wiring of the existing vehicle power supply unit.
11‧‧‧發電機11‧‧‧Generator
12‧‧‧整流器12‧‧‧Rectifier
13‧‧‧電瓶13‧‧‧Battery
211‧‧‧正電源線211‧‧‧ positive power cord
212‧‧‧負電源線212‧‧‧Negative power cord
22‧‧‧第二輸出配線組22‧‧‧Second output wiring set
23‧‧‧負載配線23‧‧‧Load wiring
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CN109823291A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-31 | 大陆汽车有限公司 | Circuit arrangement and motor vehicles and method with circuit arrangement |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109823291A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-31 | 大陆汽车有限公司 | Circuit arrangement and motor vehicles and method with circuit arrangement |
CN109823291B (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2022-06-17 | 大陆汽车有限公司 | Circuit arrangement, motor vehicle with a circuit arrangement and method |
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