TWI826598B - intrusion prevention device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an invasion prevention device for preventing invasion by Vespididae bees. The intrusion prevention device of the present invention is installed in a hive box of a bee family, and has: a passage defined by an organic member; and a dispersion member arranged in the passage.

Description

intrusion prevention device

The present invention relates to an intrusion prevention device installed in a honey bee nest box.

Bees belonging to the family Apidae (hereinafter referred to as bees of the family Apidae) are known as beneficial insects used for honey production. On the other hand, it is also known that bees belonging to the family Vespidae (hereinafter referred to as Vespidae bees) attack nests for a long period from August to November in order to use the larvae or pupae of Vespidae bees as bait, which is harmful to beekeeping. Industry has suffered a blow.

As the predatory natural enemies of domesticated bees, Vespasidae are the most important. Non-patent document 1 describes the results of a 10-year survey conducted in an apiary in Kibi-cho, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan, where wasp traps were installed. Vespa mandarinia, which kills the largest number of individuals every year, accounted for 88.2% of the total number of individuals killed. The remaining 11.8% of the killed individuals included four species of Vespas other than Vespas (Vespa simillima xanthoptera, Vespa analis, Vespa crabro flavofasciata and Vespa ducalis)), most (10.0%) were yellow wasps. In this way, hornets fly in particularly large numbers, and most of the predation disasters caused by reared bees are caused by hornets.

In addition, the reason why the predation disaster caused by giant wasps is particularly large is not just because of the large number of individuals flying to the apiary. Vespidae other than large wasps such as yellow wasps only capture the adult bees flying around the nest box one by one and the damage is minor. However, large wasps attack in groups and bite open the entrance to the nest box, killing the adult bees at the same time. While invading the nest box, they plunder all the larvae and pupae and destroy the nest. Therefore, in areas where hornets live, beekeeping cannot be carried out unless hornets are properly controlled.

As a countermeasure against Vespidae, it has been previously known to use physical methods to prevent disasters caused by Vespasidae. The above-mentioned physical methods are carried out in apiaries and are continuously hunted for a long period from August to November. For wasp worker bees, protective equipment made of metal or cardboard may be installed in the nest box. However, in the above-mentioned physical method, Vespidae headed by hornets will invade the nest box during the monitoring gap, so disaster cannot be completely prevented.

In order to reduce the labor required by beekeepers in countermeasures against Vespidae, various devices have been used in the past. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a device in which a metal pin grid or a energizing device is installed in a box made of a transparent plate such as plastic, and it is described that an electric shock or grid is used to prevent the invasion of wasps of the family Vespa. [Prior technical literature] [Patent Document]

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 3760320. [Non-patent literature]

Non-patent literature 1: Makoto Matsuura and Masaki Yamane, "Comparative Ethology of Vespas", Hokkaido University Book Release, 1984.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

As mentioned above, various methods or devices for preventing the invasion of Vespididae have been proposed, but further improvements are required.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an invasion prevention device that prevents invasion of Vespididae bees. [Means used to solve problems]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is outstanding in that it includes a passage defined by an organic member and a dispersion member arranged in the passage.

The present invention includes the following inventions. [1] An intrusion prevention device installed in a hive box of a bee family and having: a passage defined by an organic member; and a dispersion member disposed in the passage. [2] The intrusion prevention device according to [1], further comprising a partition member extending in the width direction of the passage. [3] The intrusion prevention device according to [2], wherein the evaporation member is located closer to the nest box than the partition member. [4] The intrusion prevention device according to any one of [1] to [3] is provided with a storage portion capable of storing a solution. [5] The intrusion prevention device according to [4], wherein the solution contains a component that is repelled by Vespididae bees. [6] The intrusion prevention device according to [4] or [5] includes a solution replenishing device connected to the accommodating portion via a pipe. [7] The intrusion prevention device according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein a volatilization suppression member is provided on the nest side of the volatilization member. [Invention effect]

By using the intrusion prevention device of the present invention, it is possible to prevent Vespa bees from invading the honey bee nest box.

The present invention relates to an intrusion prevention device installed in a honey bee nest box. The intrusion prevention device of the present invention can be installed and used in a honey bee nest box to prevent Vespa bees from invading the nest box.

The so-called bees in the family Apis are bees used in beekeeping. Examples include: Apis mellifera, Apis cerana, Apis cerana japonica, Apis dorsata, and Apis dorsata. laboriosa), Apis koschevnikovi, Apis florea, Apis andreniformis, Apis nuluensis, Sulawei bee (Apis nigrocincta), etc.

Examples of Vespidae bees include bees belonging to the subfamily Vespinae and the subfamily Polistinae.

Examples of bees belonging to the subfamily Vespinae include Vespa dybowskii, Vespa flaviceps, Vespa nigra, Vespa spp. (Vespula shidai), Austrian wasp (Vespula austriaca), etc.

Examples of bees belonging to the subfamily Polistes include Polistes rothneyi, Polistes jokahamae, Polistes chinensis, Polistes japonicus japonicus, Polistes mandarinus, and Polistes mandarinus. (Polistes snelleni), Polistes rothneyi yayeyamae, Parapolybia indica, Parapolybia varia and other indigenous species. In addition to these indigenous species, there are also the yellow-footed hornet (Vespa velutina) that is mainly distributed in Indonesia, or the subspecies of the yellow-footed hornet (Vespa velutina nigrithorax) that has recently invaded Tsushima or Kitakyushu City.

The intrusion prevention device of the present invention is a device installed in a hive box of a bee family, and includes: a passage defined by an organic member; and a dispersion member disposed in the passage. In addition, in this specification, the ingress and egress direction refers to the direction connecting the outlet side and the inlet side of the passage, and the width direction refers to the direction orthogonal to the ingress and egress direction and the height direction.

The aforementioned organic components are not particularly limited, and may include wood, plastic, etc., and wood is preferred. The aforementioned passage is preferably cylindrical, and may be square or cylindrical, but is preferably square cylindrical. When the aforementioned passage is in the shape of a square tube, the nest door of the nest box is usually a hole in a shape that is long in the width direction. Therefore, the aforementioned passage is preferably in a shape extending in the entrance and exit direction, and is preferably longer in the height direction than in the height direction. A shape that is longer in the width direction.

Preferably, a partition member is provided in the passage as a physical obstacle to Vespididae. Preferably, it is arranged in the following manner: the movement of the relatively small Vespididae bees in the aforementioned passage is not hindered by the aforementioned partition member, and on the other hand, the relatively larger body size of the Vespididae bees cannot move from the aforementioned separation member to the exit of the aforementioned passage. The side (nest box side) intrusion is, for example, installed approximately in the middle of the height direction of the passage.

The partitioning member preferably has a shape extending in one direction. The partitioning member can be provided to extend in the width direction of the passage or to extend in the height direction of the passage. However, when the passage is in the shape of a rectangular tube longer in the width direction than in the height direction, and in the case where partition members extending in the height direction of the passage are provided, it will not work unless a plurality of partition members are provided. To function as a physical obstacle, it is preferable to provide the partitioning member in a manner extending in the width direction of the passage.

The shape of the volatilization member is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include rectangular parallelepiped shape, cylindrical shape, and the like. The raw material of the evaporating member is not particularly limited as long as the solution evaporates, and examples thereof include paper, nonwoven fabric, and the like. In order to fill the passage with the volatilized gas, it is preferable that at least a part of the volatilizing member is located in the said passage.

Moreover, it is preferable that the said volatilization member is located closer to the nest box than the said partition member. Even when wind blows and there is no volatilized gas in the passage temporarily, the volatilizing member can be prevented from being easily accessed by the wasps by arranging the partition member further forward than the volatilizing member. Damaged by wasps of the family Vespididae.

It is preferable to have a volatilization suppression member on the outlet side (nest box side) or in the width direction of the volatilization member. By providing a volatilization suppression member on the nest box side or in the width direction of the volatilization member, the amount of solution volatilizing from the volatilization member can be reduced. Moreover, it suffices to fill the front end of the passage (the space from the end of the entrance side (opposite side of the nest box) of the passage to the midpoint in the entry and exit direction) with the gas evaporated from the evaporating member, and the space behind the passage The end portion (the space from the end of the outlet side (nest box side) of the passage to the middle point in the entry and exit direction) may or may not be filled with the gas evaporated from the evaporation member. From this point of view, it is preferable to The volatilization member is provided with a volatilization suppression member on the nest box side or in the width direction.

In order to prevent Vespa wasps from invading the passage, it is sufficient to provide only one evaporation member in the intrusion prevention device. However, for example, when the passage is a very long structure in the width direction, the gas evaporated from the evaporation member may not be There is a risk that the front end of the passage may be completely filled, so a plurality of the evaporating members may be provided.

The intrusion prevention device of the present invention preferably has a receiving portion capable of containing a solution. The aforementioned solution preferably contains a component that is repellent to Vespididae bees, and more preferably is a repellent described below. Preferably, a part of the evaporating member is accommodated in the accommodating part. From the viewpoint of sucking up the solution contained in the accommodating part to the evaporating member without any residue, it is more preferable that the lower end of the evaporating member is located in the accommodating part. The bottom surface. Moreover, in order to suck the solution contained in the accommodating part up to the evaporating member, it is preferable that the accommodating part is provided below the evaporating member.

In order to continuously evaporate the solution from the evaporation member for a long period of time, a solution replenishing device connected to the accommodating part through a plastic pipe or the like may be further provided, or an intrusion prevention device having a large capacity of the accommodating part may be provided. In order to stably replenish the solution from the solution replenishing device to the accommodating part, it is preferable that the solution replenishing device is disposed above the accommodating part.

Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of the intrusion prevention device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 . However, the present invention is not limited to this example at all and can be implemented in various forms within the scope that does not deviate from the gist of the present invention.

The intrusion prevention device 1 includes a passage 2 demarcated by a wooden frame, and a volatilization member 3 arranged in the passage 2. The above-mentioned wooden frame is composed of four wooden members on the upper surface, the bottom surface, and the left and right sides, and the front and rear ends of the passage 2 are made open. The aforementioned wooden frame material has a height of 6cm, a width of 17.5cm, and a depth of 12cm. The rear end of the aforementioned wooden frame material is made in an open state. However, if the intrusion prevention device 1 is installed on the nest door of the nest box, the rear end of the aforementioned wooden frame material will be in a state of close contact with the nest box. Without passing through the passage 2, it is impossible to enter the nest box from the outside. Arrive at the nest gate.

A rectangular parallelepiped-shaped receiving part 9 is installed below the wooden member constituting the bottom surface of the passage 2 . The receiving part 9 is a container made of plastic, with a height of 2.5 mm, a depth of 5.5 cm, a width of 11 cm, and a capacity of about 70 ml. Furthermore, when benzyl alcohol is filled as a repellent in the container 9 with a capacity of about 70 ml, the benzyl alcohol continues to evaporate for about one and a half months.

The rectangular parallelepiped evaporating member 3 made of plate-shaped hard paper is arranged approximately 5 cm behind the front end of the wooden member constituting the bottom surface of the passage 2 . The lower end of the dispersion member 3 is located near the bottom surface of the receiving part 9 , and the upper end of the dispersion member 3 is located above the wooden member constituting the bottom surface of the passage 2 . The liquid contained in the accommodating part 9 is sucked up to the volatilization member 3 due to capillary action, infiltrates into the entire volatilization member 3, and volatilizes from the upper end of the volatilization member 3. As a result, the passage 2 is filled with the volatilized gas.

The passage 2 is provided with a partition member 4 with a height of 3 mm, a depth of 2 cm, and a width of 10 cm. The partition member 4 is provided in front of the dispersion member 3 . Specifically, the partitioning member 4 is provided at a height substantially midway between the wooden member constituting the upper surface of the passage 2 and the wooden member constituting the bottom surface, and is disposed 3 cm behind the front end of the wooden member constituting the bottom surface of the passage 2 . Bees of the family Apidae that are relatively small in size can pass through the partitioning member 4, but bees in the family Vespaidae that are relatively large in size cannot pass through the partitioning member 4.

A rod-shaped member 5 with a diameter of 5 mm is provided in front of the partition member 4 . A circular hole with a diameter of 5 mm is formed in the center of the wooden member constituting the bottom surface of the passage 2 in the width direction 1 cm behind the front end, and the receiving portion 9 is also formed in a manner corresponding to the hole formed in the wooden member constituting the bottom surface of the passage 2 Circular holes with a diameter of 5 mm are formed, and the rod-shaped member 5 passes through these holes and stands upright.

The rod-shaped member 5 is removable, and a solution replenishing device (not shown) can be installed through a plastic tube. Specifically, after the rod-shaped member 5 can be removed, the following state is set: with one end of the plastic tube located in the receiving portion 9, a plastic tube with an outer diameter of 5 mm is inserted into the wooden structure formed on the bottom surface of the passage 2. The component and the receiving part 9 have a circular hole with a diameter of 5 mm. When a solution replenishing device is installed, if the solution in the receiving portion 9 evaporates and the receiving portion 9 is not completely filled with the solution, the receiving portion 9 will be replenished from the solution replenishing device installed at the other end of the plastic tube. Automatically refill solution.

Square plate-shaped emission suppression members 6 and 7 are provided on the left and right sides of the emission member 3 , and a square plate-shaped emission suppression member 8 is provided behind the emission member 3 . The volatilization suppressing members 6 and 7 are arranged about 5 cm behind the front end of the bottom surface constituting the passage 2, the volatilization suppressing member 8 is disposed about 7 cm rearward from the front end of the bottom surface constituting the passage 2, and the volatilization suppressing member 3 is provided at the rear and left and right sides by the volatilization suppressing member 6 It is surrounded by the dispersion suppressing member 8 .

＜Repellent＞ The repellent mentioned above is not particularly limited as long as it is a repellent that does not target bees of the family Apidae but targets bees of the family Vespidae. Preferably, it is a repellent that targets aggressive and dangerous wasps of the subfamily Vespidae. As a repellent to be controlled, a repellent targeting bumble bees is more preferred. Specifically, the repellent preferably contains a compound represented by the following general formula (I) (hereinafter referred to as "compound (I)") as an active ingredient. Furthermore, drone bees do not have poisonous stingers, so the targets of the above-mentioned repellent are female worker bees and the queen bees who mostly conduct activities outside the hive in early summer before the worker bees emerge.

General formula (I) [In the formula, R ¹ represents a hydrogen atom, a C _1-4 alkyl group which may have a substituent β, a C _2-4 alkenyl group which may have a substituent β, or a C _1-4 alkyl group which may have a substituent β - _{Carbonyl group ;} C _2-4 alkenyl group which may have a substituent δ, C 1-4 alkoxy group which may have a substituent δ, C _1-4 alkyl-carbonyl group which may _have a substituent δ, C ₁ which may have a substituent δ _-4 More than one substituent among alkyl-carbonyloxy, halogen and hydroxyl; the substituents β, γ and δ independently represent selected from C _1-4 alkoxy, C _1-4 alkyl-carbonyl, More than one substituent in the group consisting of C _1-4 alkyl-carbonyloxy group, halogen group and hydroxyl group; n represents an integer from 0 to 5].

In this specification, "C _1-4 alkyl" and "C _1-4 alkyl" refer to a linear or branched chain monovalent saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Examples include: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, second butyl, third butyl, preferably C _1-3 alkyl, more preferably C _1-2 alkyl, preferably methyl.

"C _2-4 alkenyl" refers to a linear or branched monovalent unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group with a carbon number of 2 or more and 4 or less and having at least one carbon-carbon double bond. Examples include vinyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl (allyl), isopropenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, isobutenyl, etc., and vinyl is preferred. (vinyl) or 2-propenyl (allyl).

"C _1-4 alkylene group" refers to a linear or branched chain divalent saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Examples include: methylene, methylmethylene, dimethylmethylene, ethylidene, 1-methylethylidene, 2-methylethylidene, linear propylethylene, 1-methyl propylene group, 2-methyl propylene group, 3-methyl propylene group, linear butylene group. Preferably it is a straight chain C _1-3 alkylene group or a branched chain C _1-4 alkylene group whose straight chain part is a straight chain C _1-3 alkylene group, more preferably a straight chain C _1-3 alkylene group, Or the linear part is a linear C _1-2 alkylene group and a branched chain C _1-3 alkylene group with methyl as a side chain substituent, preferably methylene.

"C _2-4 alkenyl" refers to a straight-chain or branched-chain divalent saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond. Examples include vinylene, 1-methylvinylene, 2-methylvinylene, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-butenyl, and 2-butenyl. Alkenyl, 3-butenyl. Preferably it is C _2-3 alkenylene group, more preferably 1-propenylene group or 2-propenylene group.

The so-called "C _1-4 alkoxy group" refers to a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbonoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. For example, it is methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy, second butoxy, n-pentyloxy, n-hexyloxy, etc., preferably C _1-2 alkoxy group, more preferably methoxy group.

Examples of the "halogen group" include a fluorine group, a chlorine group, a bromine group and an iodine group, and a chlorine group, a bromine group or an iodine group is preferred.

The phenyl group in the above general formula (I) may also be substituted by more than 1 to less than 5 substituents α. The number of substituents α, that is, n, is preferably an integer of 3 or less or 2 or less, more preferably 0 or 1, and even more preferably 0. When n is an integer of 2 or more, the plurality of substituents α may be the same as each other or may be different.

The number of substituents β, γ and δ as substituents such as alkyl groups is not particularly limited as long as they can be substituted. For example, it can be 1 or more and 5 or less, preferably 4 or less or 3 or less, more preferably It is 1 or 2, preferably 1. When the number of substituents is 2 or more, the plurality of substituents β, γ, and δ may be the same as each other or may be different.

Compound (I) has a relatively simple chemical structure, so if there is a commercial product, you can just use the commercial product, or if you are an industry expert, you can easily synthesize it from a commercial compound. Compound (I) is preferably a compound harmless to humans or bees of the honey bee family, such as benzyl alcohol.

The repellent for Vespididae is preferably composed only of Compound (I), but it may contain components other than Compound (I) as long as it exhibits a repellent effect on Vespaidae.

For example, Compound (I) is basically liquid at normal temperature and pressure, and it is considered that the higher the concentration, the higher the efficacy. Therefore, Compound (I) can be directly used as a repellent against Vespididae. However, when compound (I) alone solidifies at low temperature or when the viscosity is high, it can also be dissolved in a solvent to form a solution. Examples of the solvent include: alcohol solvents such as methanol, ethanol, and isopropyl alcohol; ketone solvents such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; ether solvents such as diethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran; and polyol solvents such as ethylene glycol and glycerol. ; Origanum oil, neem oil, thyme oil, clove oil, cinnamon oil, geranium oil, peppermint oil, lavender oil, large Liquid natural oils such as fennel oil and lime oil.

In addition, common additives such as preservatives, antioxidants, and colorants may also be blended with the above-mentioned repellents.

The concentration of the compound (I) in the repellent may be appropriately adjusted within the range within which it exerts a repellent effect on Vespididae. For example, it is preferably 1% by mass or more. If the concentration is 1% by mass or more, the repellent effect against wasps of the family Vespididae will be more reliably exerted. The concentration is more preferably 5% by mass or more, further preferably 10% by mass or more. On the other hand, the upper limit of the concentration is not particularly limited, and may be 100% by mass.

The above-mentioned repellents show repellent effects on Vespididae bees. Specifically, it is thought that the compound (I) exhibits a flight escape subsequent to the flapping action or an immediate flight escape in order to avoid the compound (I) being sensed by the antennae in the form of odor. On the other hand, experiments have confirmed that the above-mentioned repellents are harmless to bees of the honey bee family. [Example]

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following Examples and can be implemented with appropriate modifications within the scope applicable to the foregoing gist and the following gist. These are included in technical scope of the present invention.

Twelve boxes of Western honey bee nest boxes containing a queen bee and a group of worker bees and raised in a healthy state were purchased from an apiary in Hyogo Prefecture, Japan. The purchased 12 nest boxes were placed in the experimental apiary on August 8. Then, install the intrusion prevention device in Figure 1 on the nest doors of all nest boxes in the middle of the day. Then, one plastic bottle (capacity 250 ml) filled with benzyl alcohol was installed in the receiving part 9 through the plastic tube. Specifically, it is assumed that a plastic pipe with an outer diameter of 5 mm is inserted into a circular hole with a diameter of 5 mm formed in the wooden member constituting the bottom surface of the passage 2 and the receiving part 9 so that one end of the plastic pipe is located in the receiving part 9 , the other end of the plastic tube is connected to the cap part of the plastic bottle, so that the benzyl alcohol can move from the plastic bottle to the receiving part 9 through the plastic tube. The above-mentioned plastic bottle is fixed in an upside-down state above the wooden frame constituting the upper surface of the passage 2 and in front of the nest box.

If the above state is maintained, even if the benzyl alcohol in the storage unit 9 evaporates and decreases, the benzyl alcohol will be automatically and continuously replenished from the plastic bottle. Therefore, during the attack period of the hornet worker bees (from early August to mid-November) ) No need to supplement benzyl alcohol. Furthermore, after the installation of the intrusion prevention device is completed, the nest box side and the opposite side of the nest box of the passage are always left open in the intrusion prevention device, so that the bees and worker bees in each nest box can freely carry out activities outside the nest. In addition, any means other than the above-mentioned intrusion prevention device shall not be used as a means to prevent Vespididae wasps from flying to the nest box and invading the nest box.

Starting from the second day after the nest box is installed (August 9), monitor the activity status of worker bees, the flying status of Vespididae bees, and the flying Vespididae bees in the morning (around 9:00) and evening (around 17:00). Bee attacks on worker bees. Except for Saturdays and Sundays, the above-mentioned surveillance was continued until November 15th. The results also revealed that only hornet worker bees were observed flying close to the nest box or landing on the nest box or protective device. The hornet worker bees flew towards the beekeeper in the morning and evening. Flying in the field. However, until November 15th, the hornet worker bees that flew into the apiary killed a large number of honeybee workers and invaded the nest boxes to plunder the larvae or pupae of the growing bees, or the signs of plundering were visible. During the investigation period, no nest box was identified once, and no nest box was destroyed during the above-mentioned investigation period. From this result, it is known that the effect of avoiding and controlling Vespididae by installing the above-mentioned intrusion prevention device lasts for more than 3 months. Furthermore, it was also found that during an incoming attack, there is no need to maintain or manage the above-mentioned intrusion prevention device.

On September 6, September 7 and October 12, 13 5-minute surveys were conducted at 1-hour intervals from 6:00 to 18:00 on each day to record the arrival of wasps into the experimental apiary. , invasion status and the landing place for incoming and invading wasps. As a result, it was confirmed that only hornet worker bees flew in and invaded. Furthermore, out of a total of 39 surveys, invasion of hornet worker bees was not confirmed only four times: at 18:00 on September 6, 11:00 on September 7, 8:00 on October 12, and 18:00 on October 12. The arrival and invasion status of wasps on September 6 is shown in Figure 2. The arrival and invasion status of wasps on September 7 is shown in Figure 3. The arrival and invasion status of wasps on October 12 is shown in Figure 2. The invasion situation is shown in Figure 4. It can be considered that both 18:00 on September 6 and 11:00 on September 7 were rainy for a short period of time, so no invasion of hornet worker bees was confirmed. On the other hand, although the weather continued to be sunny on October 12, the number of invading individuals flying throughout the day was small, so it can be considered that the invasion of hornet worker bees was not confirmed at 8:00 and 18:00. Including the above results observed on normal monitoring days, it can be concluded that the flight of hornet worker bees to the experimental apiary and the invasion of the experimental apiary occurred from early morning every day during the experimental period of more than 3 months. The night went on almost non-stop.

As mentioned above, during the survey time periods of September 6, September 7, and October 12, when surveys were conducted at one-hour intervals from morning to night, a total of 6 hornet workers came to the experimental apiary. Only one Vespa worker landed on the ground, but other Vespa workers landed on the nest box or intrusion prevention device. Table 1 shows the landing position of the hornet worker bees that flew into the experimental apiary.

[Table 1] parts Total number of individuals flying in and landing September 6 September 7 October 12 total Nest box surface 4 10 2 16 intrusion prevention device The outer surface 52 25 9 86 within the passage 0 0 0 0

The intrusion prevention device with a particularly large number of landed individuals, however, as shown in Table 1, all wasp worker bees only landed on the outer surface of the intrusion prevention device, and no individuals invaded the inside of the passage 2. In the passage 2 which is a hollow part, a partition member 4 arranged in a manner to prevent the invasion of hornet worker bees is provided as a wooden physical barrier in the first stage, and a volatile member 3 that continuously volatilizes benzyl alcohol is provided as a second stage. Paper chemical barriers. During the short investigation time of 5 minutes, Vespa worker bees trying to enter the passage 2 as the hollow part were often seen, but due to the separation component 4 as a wooden physical barrier in the first stage or the paper barrier in the second stage Even if obstacles such as the chemical obstacle dispersion member 3 exist, after the head is inserted into the passage 2, it immediately flies out without entering the passage 2. On the other hand, the worker bees are not affected by the above-mentioned obstacles, and pass through the passage 2 formed in the intrusion prevention device to travel back and forth between the nest box and the outside world when leaving the nest and returning to the nest. This observation shows that the benzyl alcohol volatilized from the volatilizing member 3 arranged in the passage 2 does not affect the behavior of the honey bee workers, but on the contrary, strongly hinders the invasion of the hornet worker bees into the nest box.

The 12-box nest box with an intrusion prevention device installed on the nest door prevented the wasp worker bees from invading the nest box, so the nest was not destroyed. However, the following disaster occurred: every day, the honey bee workers flying out of the nest box were bitten and killed by the invading hornet workers flying in from morning to night. Normally, the wasp workers that fly to the nest box bite the opposing bee workers in groups and invade the nest to rob the bee larvae. On the other hand, because the prey is the bee larvae in the nest, Therefore, the worker bees who were bitten and killed were ignored on the spot. Next, a study will be conducted on whether to ignore the killed honeybee workers on the spot when the wasp workers that fly to the nest box are unable to invade the nest (situations where they cannot plunder larvae, etc.) as described above.

From 7:00 to 9:00 on September 6, 13:00 to 14:00 and 15:00 to 16:00 on October 12, we will patrol the experimental apiary while investigating the bees produced in and around each experimental nest box. Table 2 shows the results of the survey regarding the situation related to the disaster caused by worker bees being bitten and killed.

[Table 2] What happens after a worker bee is captured Total number of individuals September 6 October 11 total Bite➝abandon➝residue 9 4 13 Bite ➝ form a meat ball ➝ return to the nest 19 9 28

As a result of the above investigation, it was confirmed that the killed worker bees were abandoned on the spot and that they were made into meat balls and carried outside the apiary. It is considered that the action of abandoning the bitten worker bees on the spot is part of the swarm predatory behavior pattern of the hornet workers killing the defending bee workers when they plunder larvae and other food in the nest. Furthermore, it has been clarified that the action of turning the bitten worker bees into meat balls and carrying them outside the apiary is a mode of action in which each captured prey is processed as food. This behavior is the same as that shown by yellow wasps that do not have powerful jaws capable of chewing nest boxes, and it is considered to be a substitute behavior in a situation where the wasp cannot plunder efficiently on its own. It can be considered that the reason why there were many such alternative actions on September 6 and October 12 is that due to the existence of the intrusion prevention device, the efficient swarm hunting activities carried out by the hornets on their own continued to be blocked, so they had no choice but to An inefficient alternative action that relies on turning the killed worker bees into meat balls and carrying them outside the apiary.

1: Intrusion prevention device 2: Passage 3: Volatile components 4: Separate components 5: Rod-shaped member 6, 7, 8: Evaporation suppression components 9: Containment Department

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an intrusion prevention device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a diagram showing the arrival and invasion status of wasps on September 6. Figure 3 is a diagram showing the arrival and invasion status of wasps on September 7. Figure 4 is a diagram showing the arrival and invasion status of wasps on October 12.

1: Intrusion prevention device

2: Passage

3: Volatile components

4: Separate components

5: Rod-shaped member

6, 7, 8: Evaporation suppression components

9: Containment Department

Claims (6)

An intrusion prevention device is installed in a honey bee nest box and has: a passage demarcated by an organic member; a dispersion member disposed in the passage; and a partitioning member disposed in the passage; the dispersion member The component is located closer to the nest box than the partition component. The intrusion prevention device according to claim 1, wherein the partition member extends in the width direction of the passage. The intrusion prevention device described in claim 1 or 2 has a storage portion that can store the solution. The intrusion prevention device according to claim 3, wherein the solution contains a component that is repelled by Vespididae bees. The intrusion prevention device according to claim 3 includes a solution replenishing device connected to the accommodating portion via a pipe. The intrusion prevention device according to claim 1, wherein a dispersion suppression member is provided on the nest side of the dispersion member.

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