TWI798889B - Solar cell - Google Patents

Abstract

A solar cell has a light transmission area, and includes a substrate, a photoelectric conversion structure, a metal conductive layer and a light shielding structure. The photoelectric conversion structure is arranged around the light transmission area, and includes a first electrode layer, a photoelectric conversion layer and a second electrode layer sequentially arranged on the substrate. The metal conductive layer is arranged around the photoelectric conversion structure. A first gap is provided between the metal conductive layer and the photoelectric conversion structure. The light shielding structure completely covers the first gap. The light shielding structure has a first toning layer and a reflective layer stacked on each other. The first toning layer is located between the substrate and the reflective layer. The material of the first toning layer includes MoO _xor MoN _x. The material of the reflective layer includes MoTa.

Description

Solar battery

The present invention relates to a solar cell, and in particular to a solar cell with a light-transmitting region.

With the vigorous development of display technology, the applications of displays are becoming more and more extensive. In addition to high-standard display quality, displays that pursue sustainable development concepts such as power saving and environmental protection are also one of the development priorities of relevant manufacturers. Since solar cells are an indicator technology for environmental protection and green energy, there is an increasing demand for applying solar power generation technology to wearable display devices to improve their operating endurance. In order to avoid the degradation of the display quality of the display panel due to the stacking of thin-film solar panels, the thin-film solar panel must have a certain degree of penetration and photoelectric conversion area in the display area of the display panel, so as to achieve the effect of display and solar power generation at the same time.

This type of thin-film solar panel is mostly provided with a plurality of solar cell lines arranged periodically in the display area, and a transmission line is arranged around the display area to transmit the electric energy generated by these solar cell lines to the energy storage element. In order to ensure that the two parts of the transmission line that are electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the solar cell wiring can be electrically separated, a gap is generally provided between the two parts. Therefore, the light from the display panel Light leakage may be formed through the gap, and this type of solar panel will have the problem of inconsistent appearance and color under the irradiation of ambient light, which will affect the overall visual quality.

The invention provides a solar battery with better visual effect.

The solar cell of the present invention has a light-transmitting region and includes a substrate, a photoelectric conversion structure, a metal conductive layer and a light-shielding structure. The photoelectric conversion structure is arranged around the light-transmitting area, and includes a first electrode layer, a photoelectric conversion layer and a second electrode layer sequentially arranged on the substrate. The metal conductive layer is arranged around the photoelectric conversion structure. A first gap is provided between at least part of the metal conductive layer and the photoelectric conversion structure. The light shielding structure completely covers the first gap. The light-shielding structure has a first toning layer and a reflecting layer stacked on each other. The first toning layer is located between the substrate and the reflective layer. The material of the first toning layer includes one of molybdenum oxide and molybdenum nitride. The material of the reflective layer includes molybdenum-tantalum alloy.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the above solar cell light-shielding structure further has a second toning layer disposed between the substrate and the reflective layer, and the material of the second toning layer includes molybdenum oxide and molybdenum nitride. the other.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the metal conductive layer of the solar cell includes a first transmission line and a second transmission line electrically separated from each other and disposed around the photoelectric conversion structure. The first transmission line is electrically connected to the first electrode layer. The second transmission line is electrically connected to the second electrode layer.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the metal conductive layer of the solar cell further includes a ring-shaped electrode extending from the first transmission line and overlapping the photoelectric conversion structure, And a first gap is provided between the ring electrode and the second transmission line.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned light-shielding structure of the solar cell is disposed on the metal conductive layer. The light-shielding structure directly contacts one of the ring electrode and the second transmission line, and is electrically separated from the other one of the ring electrode and the second transmission line.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the above photoelectric conversion structure of the solar cell is divided into a first part and a second part. There is a second gap between the first part and the second part, and the light shielding structure also covers the second gap.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the light-shielding structure of the above-mentioned solar cell is located between the first electrode layer and the substrate, and partially overlaps the first electrode layer. An insulating layer is provided between the first electrode layer and the light shielding structure.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned light-shielding structure of the solar cell is disposed on the photoelectric conversion structure, and covers the sidewall of the photoelectric conversion structure defining the first gap. An insulating layer is provided between the photoelectric conversion structure and the light shielding structure.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned light-shielding structure of the solar cell is disposed on the metal conductive layer. The metal conductive layer has an opening overlapping the first gap. The light-shielding structure completely covers the opening, and an insulating layer is provided between the metal conductive layer and the light-shielding structure.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned light shielding structure of the solar cell is disposed between the conductive metal layer and the photoelectric conversion structure, and is electrically insulated from the conductive metal layer and the photoelectric conversion structure.

Based on the above, in a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, the surrounding A first gap is provided between at least part of the metal conductive layer provided on the photoelectric conversion structure and the photoelectric conversion structure. Covering the first gap through the light-shielding structure can not only solve the light leakage problem in display applications, but also effectively improve the appearance and color inconsistency of the solar cell under light irradiation, thereby improving the overall visual effect of the solar cell.

10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D, 10E, 10F, 20, 20A: Solar cells

100: Substrate

110, 110A, 110B, 110C: photoelectric conversion structure

110C1: Part 1

110C2: Part Two

110s, DMs: side walls

111: the first extrinsic semiconductor layer

112: Intrinsic semiconductor layer

113: the second extrinsic semiconductor layer

120, 120A, 120B: metal conductive layer

120OP, OP: opening

121, 121A: the first transmission line

122, 122A: the second transmission line

123, 123A: ring electrode

130, 130A, 130B1, 130B2, 130B3, 130C, 130D, 130E, 130F, 130G, 130H: shading structure

131: reflective layer

133, 135: Color layer

150, 160, 160A, 160B, 160C, 160D: insulating layer

150a, 150b: contact holes

DM, DM-A: dummy photoelectric conversion structure

EL1, EL1A, EL1B, EL1d: first electrode layer

EL1p, EL2p: Protrusions

EL2, EL2A, EL2B, EL2d: second electrode layer

G1a, G1b, G1c, G2a, G2b: Gap

PCL: photoelectric conversion layer

TA: Translucent area

Z: Direction

A-A', B-B', C-C', D-D', E-E', F-F': broken line

I: area

FIG. 1A is a schematic top view of a solar cell according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 1B is a schematic top view of a solar cell according to another modified embodiment of FIG. 1A .

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the solar cell shown in FIG. 1A .

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the solar cell in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 4A is a graph of reflectivity versus wavelength for the reflective layer of FIG. 3 .

FIG. 4B is a graph of reflectance versus wavelength for the first toning layer of FIG. 3 .

FIG. 4C is a graph of reflectance versus wavelength for the second toning layer of FIG. 3 .

5A to 5C are schematic cross-sectional views of light-shielding structures according to other modified embodiments of the present invention.

6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic top view of a solar cell according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the solar cell shown in FIG. 11 .

13 is a schematic top view of a solar cell according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

The aforementioned and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment with reference to the drawings. The directional terms mentioned in the following embodiments, such as: up, down, left, right, front or back, etc., are only directions referring to the attached drawings. Accordingly, the directional terms are used to illustrate and not to limit the invention.

FIG. 1A is a schematic top view of a solar cell according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1B is a schematic top view of a solar cell according to another modified embodiment of FIG. 1A . FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the solar cell shown in FIG. 1A . Fig. 2 corresponds to section line A-A', section line B-B' and section line C-C' of Fig. 1A. Figure 3 is the sun of Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the battery. FIG. 3 corresponds to the partial area I of FIG. 2 . FIG. 4A is a graph of reflectivity versus wavelength for the reflective layer of FIG. 3 . FIG. 4B is a graph of reflectance versus wavelength for the first toning layer of FIG. 3 . FIG. 4C is a graph of reflectance versus wavelength for the second toning layer of FIG. 3 . 5A to 5C are schematic cross-sectional views of light-shielding structures according to other modified embodiments of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1A and FIG. 2 , the solar cell 10 has a light-transmitting area TA and includes a substrate 100 and a photoelectric conversion structure 110 . The material of the substrate 100 includes glass, quartz, polymer material (such as polyimide, polycarbonate), or other suitable substrate materials. The photoelectric conversion structure 110 is disposed around the light transmission area TA and includes a first electrode layer EL1 , a photoelectric conversion layer PCL and a second electrode layer EL2 . The first electrode layer EL1 is disposed on the substrate 100 . The photoelectric conversion layer PCL is disposed on the first electrode layer EL1. The second electrode layer EL2 is disposed on the photoelectric conversion layer PCL. More specifically, the first electrode layer EL1 and the second electrode layer EL2 are disposed on opposite sides of the photoelectric conversion layer PCL, and are electrically connected to the photoelectric conversion layer PCL.

In this embodiment, since the solar cell 10 is suitable for receiving ambient light (such as sunlight) from the outside from the side of the substrate 100 facing away from the photoelectric conversion structure 110, the first electrode layer EL1 and the second electrode layer EL2 are respectively light-transmitting electrodes and reflective electrodes. The material of the light-transmitting electrode includes metal oxides, such as indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, aluminum tin oxide, aluminum zinc oxide, or other suitable oxides, or a stacked layer of at least two of the above. The material of the reflective electrode includes aluminum, silver, chromium, the above alloys, the above combinations, or other metal materials with high reflectivity.

The material of the photoelectric conversion layer PCL is, for example, amorphous silicon (amorphous silicon, a-Si), but not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the material of the photoelectric conversion layer PCL may also be monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, copper indium gallium selenide, cadmium antimonide, or a combination thereof. In detail, the photoelectric conversion layer PCL includes a first extrinsic semiconductor layer 111 , an intrinsic semiconductor layer 112 and a second extrinsic semiconductor layer 113 . The first extrinsic semiconductor layer 111 has a first doping type, the second extrinsic semiconductor layer 113 has a second doping type, and the first doping type and the second doping type are respectively P-type and N-type. one of. For example, in this embodiment, the first extrinsic semiconductor layer 111 may be a P-type semiconductor layer, and the second extrinsic semiconductor layer 113 may be an N-type semiconductor layer.

It is particularly noted that the second electrode layer EL2 of the photoelectric conversion structure 110 can define a light-transmitting area TA of the solar cell 10 , and the light-transmitting area TA is suitable for allowing light (such as sunlight or light from a display panel) to pass through. In this embodiment, the solar cell 10 can be applied to a wearable display device (such as a smart watch), and the display device can display information such as time, date, message notification, etc. through the light-transmitting area TA. For example, in order to increase the light-receiving area of the solar cell 10 , the solar cell 10 may further include a plurality of solar cell wires (not shown) arranged in the light-transmitting area TA and arranged at intervals. These solar cell traces may extend from the photoelectric conversion structure 110 surrounding the light transmission area TA. That is to say, the stacked structure of the solar cell traces located in the light-transmitting area TA and the structure composition of the photoelectric conversion structure 110 can optionally be the same.

In this embodiment, the solar cell 10 may also optionally include a dummy photoelectric conversion structure DM. The stacked structure and composition of the dummy photoelectric conversion structure DM and the photoelectric conversion structure 110 are the same (that is, they can be made of the same film layer). made), but electrically separated from each other. For example, the second electrode layer EL2d of the dummy photoelectric conversion structure DM and the second electrode layer EL2 of the photoelectric conversion structure 110 (or, the first electrode layer EL1d of the dummy photoelectric conversion structure DM and the first electrode of the photoelectric conversion structure 110 The layers EL1) are electrically independent, and the second electrode layer EL2d of the dummy photoelectric conversion structure DM may have a floating potential (floating), but not limited thereto.

In order to transmit the electric signal generated by the photoelectric conversion structure 110 and the solar cell wiring in the light transmission area TA to the energy storage element or display element, the solar cell 10 also includes a metal conductive layer 120, and at least part of the metal conductive layer A gap G1a is provided between 120 and the photoelectric conversion structure 110 . In this embodiment, the second electrode layer EL2 of the photoelectric conversion structure 110 and the second electrode layer EL2d of the dummy photoelectric conversion structure DM may define the gap G1a. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. According to other embodiments, the gap G1a may also be defined by the portion of the metal conductive layer 120 surrounding the photoelectric conversion structure 110 and the photoelectric conversion structure 110 .

For example, in this embodiment, the metal conductive layer 120 includes a first transmission line 121 and a second transmission line 122 that are electrically separated from each other and disposed around the photoelectric conversion structure 110 . The first transmission line 121 is electrically connected to the first electrode layer EL1 of the photoelectric conversion structure 110 , and the second transmission line 122 is electrically connected to the second electrode layer EL2 of the photoelectric conversion structure 110 . That is, the first transmission line 121 and the second transmission line 122 are used to transmit electrical signals of different polarities, for example: the first transmission line 121 is used to transmit the positive signal from the first extrinsic semiconductor layer 111, while the second transmission line 122 is used to transmit the negative signal from the second extrinsic semiconductor layer 113 .

In this embodiment, the metal conductive layer 120 may also optionally include extensions From the first transmission line 121 and overlapping the ring electrode 123 of the photoelectric conversion structure 110 . The overlapping relationship here means, for example, that the projections of the two components along a direction perpendicular to the substrate 100 (eg, the direction Z) overlap. If not specifically mentioned below, the overlapping relationship between any two components is defined in this way, and will not be described again. In detail, an insulating layer 150 may also be provided between the metal conductive layer 120 and the photoelectric conversion structure 110, the first transmission line 121 may be electrically connected to the first electrode layer EL1 through a plurality of contact holes 150a of the insulating layer 150, and the second The second transmission line 122 can be electrically connected to the second electrode layer EL2 through the contact hole 150 b of the insulating layer 150 . In this embodiment, the photoelectric conversion layer PCL and the second electrode layer EL2 of the photoelectric conversion structure 110 may have a plurality of openings OP, and the insulating layer 150 fills these openings OP, and a plurality of contact holes 150a respectively overlap these openings OP set to expose part of the surface of the first electrode layer EL1.

In order to ensure the electrical separation of the first transmission line 121 and the second transmission line 122 , a gap G1 b and a gap G1 c are provided between the two transmission lines, and a gap G1 a is provided between the second transmission line 122 and the ring electrode 123 . Therefore, the solar cell 10 of the present disclosure further includes a light shielding structure 130 for shielding these gaps. For example, the light shielding structure 130 completely covers the gap G1a, the gap G1b and the gap G1c along the direction Z. Accordingly, the problem of light leakage caused by these gap designs can be solved when the solar cell is applied on the display device.

Please also refer to FIG. 3 , the light-shielding structure 130 is, for example, a stacked structure of a reflective layer 131 and at least one toning layer, wherein the toning layer is located between the reflective layer 131 and the substrate 100 . The material of the reflective layer 131 includes molybdenum-tantalum alloy (MoTa). The material of the toning layer includes molybdenum oxide (MoO _x ) or molybdenum nitride (MoN _x ). Preferably, the film thickness of the reflective layer 131 may be between 100 nm and 2000 nm. The film thickness of the toning layer can be between 5nm and 100nm.

For example, in this embodiment, the number of toning layers of the shading structure 130 is two, namely the toning layer 133 and the toning layer 135, wherein the toning layer 133 is located between the toning layer 135 and the reflective layer 131 between. It should be noted that the material of one of the two toning layers can be molybdenum oxide, while the material of the other can be molybdenum nitride, for example: the toning layer 133 and the toning layer 135 are respectively made of molybdenum oxide and molybdenum nitride.

Please refer to FIG. 4A to FIG. 4C at the same time. The reflection rate of the reflective layer 131 for visible light (such as light with a wavelength between 400nm and 700nm) is greater than 46% (as shown in FIG. 4A ). The reflectivity of the toning layer 133 made of molybdenum oxide for visible light decreases with increasing wavelength (as shown in FIG. 4B ). On the contrary, the reflectivity of the toning layer 135 made of molybdenum nitride for visible light increases with the increase of the wavelength (as shown in FIG. 4C ). That is to say, the toning layer 133 of this embodiment is suitable for reflecting short-wavelength visible light (such as blue light and purple light) and the toning layer 135 is suitable for reflecting long-wavelength visible light (such as red light and green light).

It should be noted that the change rate of the reflectivity of the coloring layer with respect to the wavelength will change with different film thicknesses. For example: the rate of change of the reflectance of the coloring layer 133 made of molybdenum oxide to wavelength will decrease as the film thickness of the coloring layer 133 increases (as shown in FIG. 4B ), while that made of molybdenum nitride The change rate of the reflectance of the formed toning layer 135 with respect to wavelength will become larger as the film thickness of the toning layer 135 increases (as shown in FIG. 4C ).

Therefore, through the design of the number of layers, materials and film thickness of the toning layer, the reflection spectrum of the light-shielding structure 130 can be changed, making it close to the reflection spectrum of the photoelectric conversion structure 110. Spectrum, to effectively improve the problem of inconsistent appearance and color of solar cells under ambient light. In other words, the difference in chromaticity of the light after being reflected by the photoelectric conversion structure 110 and the light shielding structure 130 can be reduced, which helps to improve the overall visual effect of the solar cell 10 .

In particular, the present invention does not limit the stacking order of the toning layer 133 and the toning layer 135. For example, in the light-shielding structure 130B1 of another embodiment, the toning layer 135 made of molybdenum nitride can also be It is disposed between the toning layer 133 made of molybdenum oxide and the reflective layer 131 (as shown in FIG. 5A ). On the other hand, the present invention does not limit the number of configurations of the toning layers. In yet another embodiment, the number of toning layers can also be one, for example, a toning layer 133 made of molybdenum oxide (as shown in the light-shielding structure 130B2 in FIG. 5B ) or a toning layer 133 made of molybdenum nitride. The toning layer 135 (shown as the light-shielding structure 130B3 in FIG. 5C ).

Please continue to refer to FIG. 2. In this embodiment, the light-shielding structure 130 can be selectively disposed between the first electrode layer EL1 and the substrate 100, and partially overlaps the first electrode layer EL1 of the photoelectric conversion structure 110 and the dummy photoelectric The first electrode layer EL1d of the conversion structure DM. In order to avoid electrical connection between the first electrode layer EL1 of the photoelectric conversion structure 110, the first electrode layer EL1d of the dummy photoelectric conversion structure DM and the light-shielding structure 130, the solar cell 10 may further include an insulating layer 160 covering the light-shielding structure 130 . The material of the insulating layer 160 includes silicon nitride (SiN _x ), and the film thickness can be between 10 nm and 2000 nm.

In this embodiment, the first transmission line 121, the second transmission line 122 and the ring electrode 123 of the metal conductive layer 120, the photoelectric conversion structure 110, and the dummy photoelectric conversion The orthographic profile of the structure DM and the light-shielding structure 130 on the substrate 100 is, for example, arc-shaped, but not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the first transmission line 121A, the second transmission line 122A, the ring electrode 123A, the photoelectric conversion structure 110A, the dummy photoelectric conversion structure DM-A and the light shielding structure 130A of the metal conductive layer 120A of the solar cell 10A are on the substrate The orthographic profile on 100 may also be rectangular (as shown in FIG. 1B ).

Some other embodiments will be listed below to describe the present disclosure in detail, wherein the same components will be marked with the same symbols, and the description of the same technical content will be omitted.

6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 6 , the difference between the solar cell 10B of this embodiment and the solar cell 10 in FIG. 2 lies in that the film layers of the light-shielding structure are different. In this embodiment, the light shielding structure 130C of the solar cell 10B is disposed between the photoelectric conversion structure 110 and the metal conductive layer 120 . More specifically, the light shielding structure 130C is disposed on the photoelectric conversion structure 110 and the dummy photoelectric conversion structure DM, and covers the sidewall 110s and the sidewall DMs of the photoelectric conversion structure 110 and the dummy photoelectric conversion structure DM to define the gap G1a.

In order to avoid electrical connection between the first electrode layer EL1 and the second electrode layer EL2 of the photoelectric conversion structure 110, the first electrode layer EL1d and the second electrode layer EL2d of the dummy photoelectric conversion structure DM, and the light shielding structure 130C, the solar cell 10B The insulating layer 160A is disposed between the light shielding structure 130C, the photoelectric conversion structure 110 and the dummy photoelectric conversion structure DM. Due to the fineness of the light-shielding structure 130C of this embodiment The internal components and the resulting technical effects are similar to the light-shielding structure 130 in FIG. 3 , so please refer to the relevant paragraphs of the foregoing embodiments for detailed description, and will not be repeated here.

7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell according to a third embodiment of the present invention. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 7 , the difference between the solar cell 10C of this embodiment and the solar cell 10 in FIG. 2 lies in that the film layers of the light-shielding structure are different. In this embodiment, the light-shielding structure 130D of the solar cell 10C is disposed on the insulating layer 150 and completely covers the opening 120OP overlapping the gap G1a in the metal conductive layer 120 . In this embodiment, the light shielding structure 130D also covers part of the ring electrode 123 and part of the second transmission line 122 of the metal conductive layer 120 . In order to avoid the electrical connection between the annular electrode 123 (or the first transmission line) of the metal conductive layer 120, the second transmission line 122 and the light-shielding structure 130D, the insulating layer 160B of the solar cell 10C is arranged between the light-shielding structure 130D and the metal conductive layer 120 between.

However, the present invention is not limited thereto. According to other embodiments, in addition to completely covering the opening 120OP of the metal conducting layer 120, the light-shielding structure 130E (or insulating layer 160C) of the solar cell 10D may only cover the ring-shaped electrode 123 of the metal conducting layer 120 and not cover the second transmission line. 122, as shown in Figure 8. That is, the light shielding structures 130E may be distributed asymmetrically with respect to the openings 120OP. It is not difficult to understand that, in an unillustrated embodiment, the light shielding structure may only cover the opening 120OP of the metal conductive layer 120 and the second transmission line 122 , and not cover the ring electrode 123 .

Since the detailed components of the light-shielding structure 130D in FIG. 7 and the light-shielding structure 130E in FIG. 8 and the resulting technical effects are similar to the light-shielding structure in FIG. 3 130. For detailed description, please refer to the relevant paragraphs of the foregoing embodiments, and details are not repeated here.

9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 9, in this embodiment, although the light shielding structure 130F is arranged between the photoelectric conversion structure 110 and the metal conductive layer 120 like the light shielding structure 130C in FIG. A part of the ring electrode 123 and a part of the second transmission line 122 (or the first transmission line) are disposed on the insulating layer 150 and partially overlap the metal conductive layer 120 . In order to avoid the electrical connection between the annular electrode 123 (or the first transmission line) of the metal conductive layer 120, the second transmission line 122 and the light-shielding structure 130F, the insulating layer 160D of the solar cell 10E is arranged between the light-shielding structure 130F and the metal conductive layer 120 between. That is, the light shielding structure 130F is electrically insulated from the metal conductive layer 120 and the photoelectric conversion structure 110 .

Since the detailed composition and technical effects of the light-shielding structure 130F in this embodiment are similar to the light-shielding structure 130 in FIG. 3 , please refer to the relevant paragraphs of the above-mentioned embodiments for detailed description, and will not be repeated here.

10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 10 , the difference between the solar cell 10F of this embodiment and the solar cell 10D in FIG. 8 is that the light-shielding structure 130G of the solar cell 10F does not completely cover the opening 120OP of the metal conductive layer 120 , but still completely covers the photoelectric conversion structure 110 The gap G1a (or the gap G1b and the gap G1c in FIG. 1A ) between the dummy photoelectric conversion structure DM. Since the detailed composition and technical effects of the light-shielding structure 130G in this embodiment are similar to the light-shielding structure 130 in FIG. 3 , the detailed For description, please refer to the relevant paragraphs of the foregoing embodiments, and details will not be repeated here.

It should be noted that since the two orthographic projections of the light-shielding structure 130G and the second transmission line 122 of the metal conductive layer 120 on the substrate 100 in this embodiment are separated from each other, even if there is no such thing as the light-shielding structure 130G and the ring-shaped electrode 123 The insulating layer 160C in FIG. 8 can still ensure the electrical separation between the ring electrode 123 (or the first transmission line 121 ) and the second transmission line 122 . Therefore, the arrangement of the light shielding structure 130G can also reduce the overall impedance of the ring electrode 123 . It is not difficult to understand that, in an unillustrated embodiment, the light-shielding structure may also contact the second transmission line 122 and be separated from the ring electrode 123 to reduce the overall impedance of the second transmission line 122 .

FIG. 11 is a schematic top view of a solar cell according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the solar cell shown in FIG. 11 . Fig. 12 corresponds to the section line D-D', the section line E-E' and the section line F-F' of Fig. 11 . Please refer to FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 , in this embodiment, the metal conductive layer 120B of the solar cell 20 does not have the ring electrode 123 as shown in FIG. 1 . The first electrode layer EL1A of the photoelectric conversion structure 110B has a protrusion EL1p extending toward the first transmission line 121 , and the first transmission line 121 is electrically connected to the first electrode layer EL1A through the protrusion EL1p. The second electrode layer EL2A of the photoelectric conversion structure 110B has a protrusion EL2p extending toward the second transmission line 122 , and the second transmission line 122 is electrically connected to the second electrode layer EL2A through the protrusion EL2p.

Since the detailed composition and technical effects of the light-shielding structure 130 of this embodiment are the same as those of the light-shielding structure 130 in FIG. 3 , please refer to the relevant paragraphs of the above-mentioned embodiments for detailed description, and will not be repeated here.

13 is a schematic top view of a solar cell according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 13 , the difference between the solar cell 20A of this embodiment and the solar cell 20 in FIG. 11 lies in that the design of the photoelectric conversion structure is different. In this embodiment, the photoelectric conversion structure 110C of the solar cell 20A can be divided into a first part 110C1 and a second part 110C2 , and there is a gap G2a and a gap G2b between the first part 110C1 and the second part 110C2 . The two gaps here are defined by, for example, the second electrode layer EL2B of the first part 110C1 and the second electrode layer EL2B of the second part 110C2 . Therefore, the light-shielding structure 130H of this embodiment further covers the gap G2a and the gap G2b to solve the problem of light leakage caused by these gaps and the problem of inconsistent color of the overall appearance of the solar cell.

In this embodiment, the first part 110C1 and the second part 110C2 of the photoelectric conversion structure 110C can be connected in series, for example: the second electrode layer EL2B of the first part 110C1 can be electrically connected to the first electrode layer of the second part 110C2, the second A transmission line 121 is electrically connected to the first electrode layer EL1B of the first part 110C1, and a second transmission line 122 is electrically connected to the second electrode layer EL2B of the second part 110C2.

To sum up, in the solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, at least part of the metal conductive layer disposed around the photoelectric conversion structure is provided with a first gap between the photoelectric conversion structure. Covering the first gap through the light-shielding structure can not only solve the light leakage problem in display applications, but also effectively improve the appearance and color inconsistency of the solar cell under light irradiation, thereby improving the overall visual effect of the solar cell.

10: Solar cells

100: Substrate

110:Photoelectric conversion structure

120: metal conductive layer

121: The first transmission line

122: Second transmission line

123: ring electrode

130: Shading structure

150a, 150b: contact holes

DM: dummy photoelectric conversion structure

EL2, EL2d: second electrode layer

G1a, G1b, G1c: Gap

TA: Translucent area

Z: Direction

A-A', B-B', C-C': broken line

Claims (10)

A solar cell has a light transmission area, and includes: a substrate; a photoelectric conversion structure, arranged around the light transmission area, and includes: a first electrode layer, arranged on the substrate; a photoelectric conversion layer, arranged on On the first electrode layer; and a second electrode layer, disposed on the photoelectric conversion layer; a metal conductive layer, disposed around the photoelectric conversion structure, wherein at least part of the metal conductive layer and the photoelectric conversion structure are provided with a a first gap; and a light shielding structure completely covering the first gap, the light shielding structure has a first toning layer and a reflective layer stacked on each other, the first toning layer is located between the substrate and the reflective layer The material of the first toning layer includes one of molybdenum oxide and molybdenum nitride, and the material of the reflective layer includes molybdenum-tantalum alloy. The solar cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein the light-shielding structure further has a second toning layer disposed between the substrate and the reflective layer, and the material of the second toning layer includes molybdenum oxide and molybdenum nitride the other one. The solar cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metal conductive layer includes a first transmission line and a second transmission line electrically separated from each other and arranged around the photoelectric conversion structure, the first transmission line is electrically connected to the first electrode layer , the second transmission line is electrically connected to the second electrode layer. The solar cell as claimed in item 3, wherein the metal conductive layer further includes a ring-shaped electrode extending from the first transmission line and overlapping the photoelectric conversion structure, and a ring-shaped electrode is provided between the ring-shaped electrode and the second transmission line the first gap. The solar cell according to claim 4, wherein the light-shielding structure is disposed on the metal conductive layer, the light-shielding structure directly contacts one of the ring-shaped electrode and the second transmission line, and is in contact with the ring-shaped electrode and the second transmission line The other of the two transmission lines is electrically separated. The solar cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein the photoelectric conversion structure is divided into a first part and a second part, there is a second gap between the first part and the second part, and the light-shielding structure also covers the first part Two gaps. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the light-shielding structure is located between the first electrode layer and the substrate, and partially overlaps the first electrode layer, and a Insulation. The solar cell as claimed in item 1, wherein the light-shielding structure is disposed on the photoelectric conversion structure, and covers the side wall of the photoelectric conversion structure defining the first gap, and an insulation is provided between the photoelectric conversion structure and the light-shielding structure layer. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the light-shielding structure is disposed on the metal conductive layer, the metal conductive layer has an opening overlapping the first gap, the light-shielding structure completely covers the opening, and the metal conductive layer An insulating layer is arranged between the light-shielding structure. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the light-shielding structure is disposed between the metal conductive layer and the photoelectric conversion structure, and is electrically insulated from the metal conductive layer and the photoelectric conversion structure.

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