TWM624842U - Semi transmissive solar cell - Google Patents

Abstract

A semi transmissive solar cell has a plurality of light transmission areas and includes a substrate, a plurality of photoelectric conversion devices, a plurality of first insulation patterns, a plurality of conductive patterns and a plurality of second insulation patterns. The photoelectric conversion patterns are disposed between the light transmission areas and individually includes a photoelectric conversion layer, a first electrode and a second electrode. The first electrode and the second electrode are disposed on two opposite sides of the photoelectric conversion layer and electrically connect the photoelectric conversion layer. The first insulation patterns respectively cover the photoelectric conversion devices. The conductive patterns are respectively arranged corresponding to the photoelectric conversion devices, and do not overlap the light transmission areas. The second insulation patterns are disposed on the first insulation patterns, and respectively cover the conductive patterns. The second insulation patterns are located between the light transmission areas, and do not overlap the light transmission areas.

Description

Transflective solar cells

This novel creation is about a solar cell, and in particular a semi-transmissive solar cell.

With the vigorous development of display technology, the application of displays is also becoming more and more extensive. In addition to high-standard display quality, displays that pursue sustainable development concepts such as power saving and environmental protection are also one of the development priorities of related manufacturers. Since solar cells are an indicator technology for environmental protection and green energy, the demand for applying solar power generation technology to wearable display devices to improve their operating endurance is gradually increasing. In order to avoid the display quality degradation caused by the stacking of thin-film solar panels, the thin-film solar panels must have a certain degree of transmittance and photoelectric conversion area in the display area of the display panel in order to achieve both display and solar power generation effects.

Such thin-film solar panels are mostly provided with a plurality of solar cell lines arranged periodically in the display area. Since the electrode on the side of the solar cell trace facing the light-receiving surface must be a light-transmitting electrode, its resistance value is higher than that of a general metal electrode. Therefore, a method of providing an auxiliary conductive layer to reduce the resistance of the light-transmitting electrode is proposed. Wherein, in order to protect the auxiliary conductive layer, an insulating layer needs to be provided on the wiring of the solar cell to cover the auxiliary conductive layer, and the insulating layer is covered by filling the whole surface. Therefore, light (such as ambient light or light from a display panel) is prone to color shift after passing through the insulating layer, which affects the visual quality.

The novel creation provides a semi-transmissive solar cell, which can effectively suppress the color shift phenomenon of transmitted light.

The newly created semi-transmissive solar cell has a plurality of light-transmitting regions, and includes a substrate, a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements, a plurality of first insulating patterns, a plurality of conductive patterns, and a plurality of second insulating patterns. The photoelectric conversion elements are disposed on the substrate and located between the light-transmitting regions. The photoelectric conversion element includes a photoelectric conversion layer, a first electrode, and a second electrode. The first electrode and the second electrode are disposed on opposite sides of the photoelectric conversion layer, and are electrically connected to the photoelectric conversion layer. The first electrode is located between the substrate and the photoelectric conversion layer. The first insulating patterns cover the photoelectric conversion elements, respectively. The conductive patterns are respectively disposed corresponding to the photoelectric conversion elements, and do not overlap the light-transmitting regions. The second insulating patterns are disposed on the first insulating patterns and cover the conductive patterns respectively. The second insulating patterns are located between the light-transmitting regions and do not overlap the light-transmitting regions.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the width of each conductive pattern of the above-mentioned transflective solar cell along a direction parallel to the substrate is less than or equal to the width of the second electrode along the direction.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the width of each of the second insulating patterns of the transflective solar cell along a direction parallel to the substrate is greater than the width of each of the conductive patterns along the direction.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of first insulating patterns of the transflective solar cell are partially overlapped with the plurality of light-transmitting regions, and cover the plurality of photoelectric conversion elements.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the orthographic projections of the second insulating patterns of the transflective solar cells on the substrate are completely located on the positive surfaces of the second electrodes of the photoelectric conversion elements on the substrate. within the projection.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the overlapping second insulating pattern and the second electrode of the semi-transmissive solar cell respectively have a first edge and a second edge, and the first edge is on the second electrode. The shortest distance between the orthographic projection and the second edge is greater than 0 microns.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of second electrodes of the plurality of photoelectric conversion elements of the above-mentioned transflective solar cell define a plurality of light-transmitting regions.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode of each photoelectric conversion element of the transflective solar cell is electrically connected to one of the plurality of conductive patterns.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a display panel is provided on the side of the plurality of second insulating patterns of the above-mentioned transflective solar cell away from the plurality of photoelectric conversion elements, so as to constitute a display device.

Based on the above, in the transflective solar cell of an embodiment of the present invention, the photoelectric conversion element is covered by the first insulating pattern. The first insulating pattern is provided with a conductive pattern, and the conductive pattern can improve the electrical performance of the photoelectric conversion element. In order to protect the conductive pattern, its surface is covered with a second insulating pattern. Through the design that the second insulating pattern does not overlap the light-transmitting area, the color shift problem (eg, yellowing phenomenon) after the light passes through the transflective solar cell can be effectively solved, thereby achieving a better visual effect.

The aforementioned and other technical contents, features and effects of the novel creation will be clearly presented in the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment with reference to the drawings. The directional terms mentioned in the following embodiments, such as: up, down, left, right, front or rear, etc., are only for referring to the directions of the attached drawings. Therefore, the directional language used is for illustration and not for limitation of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a transflective solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1 , the transflective solar cell 10 includes a substrate 100 , a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements 110 and a plurality of first insulating patterns 130 . The material of the substrate 100 includes glass, quartz, polymer materials (eg, polyimide, polycarbonate), or other suitable substrate materials. These photoelectric conversion elements 110 are provided on the substrate 100 and are spaced apart from each other. In this embodiment, the photoelectric conversion element 110 is, for example, a solar cell wiring, but not limited thereto.

In detail, the photoelectric conversion element 110 includes a photoelectric conversion layer PCL, a first electrode E1 and a second electrode E2. The first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 are disposed on opposite sides of the photoelectric conversion layer PCL, and are electrically connected to the photoelectric conversion layer PCL. The first electrode E1 is located between the substrate 100 and the photoelectric conversion layer PCL. In this embodiment, the width W1 of the first electrode E1 along a direction parallel to the substrate 100 (eg, the direction X) may be greater than the width W2 of the second electrode E2 (or the photoelectric conversion layer PCL) along the direction to avoid An undercut phenomenon occurs during the manufacturing process, resulting in an electrical short circuit between the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2. The thickness of each of the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 along the direction Y may be between 0.05 micrometers and 5 micrometers.

It should be noted that, since the external ambient light is incident from the side of the substrate 100 away from the photoelectric conversion element 110 , the first electrode E1 and the second electrode E2 are light-transmitting electrodes and reflective electrodes, respectively. The material of the light-transmitting electrode includes metal oxides, such as indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, aluminum tin oxide, aluminum zinc oxide, or other suitable oxides, or a stacked layer of at least two of the above. The material of the reflective electrode includes aluminum, silver, chromium, the above-mentioned alloys, the above-mentioned combinations, or other metal materials with high reflectivity. Therefore, the plurality of second electrodes E2 in this embodiment can define a plurality of light-transmitting areas TA of the transflective solar cell 10, and these light-transmitting areas TA are suitable for allowing visible light (eg, sunlight or light from the display panel) )pass. From another point of view, a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements 110 are disposed between the light-transmitting areas TA.

The material of the photoelectric conversion layer PCL is, for example, amorphous silicon (a-Si), and its thickness along the direction Y can be between 0.05 μm and 5 μm, but not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the material of the photoelectric conversion layer PCL may also be monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, copper indium gallium selenide, cadmium antimonide, or a combination thereof. In detail, the photoelectric conversion layer PCL includes a first extrinsic semiconductor layer 111 , an intrinsic semiconductor layer 112 and a second extrinsic semiconductor layer 113 . The first extrinsic semiconductor layer 111 has a first doping type, the second extrinsic semiconductor layer 113 has a second doping type, and the first doping type and the second doping type are respectively P-type and N-type. one of. For example, in this embodiment, the first extrinsic semiconductor layer 111 may be a P-type semiconductor layer, and the second extrinsic semiconductor layer 113 may be an N-type semiconductor layer.

Further, the plurality of photoelectric conversion elements 110 are respectively covered with a plurality of first insulating patterns 130 . These first insulating patterns 130 are spaced apart from each other, and each coat the corresponding photoelectric conversion element 110 . Therefore, the first insulating pattern 130 is partially overlapped with the light-transmitting area TA. The portion of the first insulating pattern 130 covering the first electrode E1 and the first electrode E1 have an edge 130e and an edge E1e facing the light-transmitting area TA, respectively, and between the edge 130e of the first insulating pattern 130 and the edge E1e of the first electrode E1 The distance d1 along the direction X may be between 1 micrometer and 20 micrometers. The distance d2 along the direction X between the edge PCLe of the photoelectric conversion layer PCL facing the light-transmitting area TA and the edge E1e of the first electrode E1 may be between 0 μm and 20 μm. On the other hand, the thickness of the first insulating pattern 130 along the direction Y may be between 0.25 μm and 25 μm.

The material of the first insulating pattern 130 may be an inorganic material (eg, silicon nitride, silicon dioxide or aluminum oxide), an organic material (eg, pentacene, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether or polyimide) , or a combination of the above, or other suitable light-transmitting materials. For example, when the material of the first insulating pattern 130 is an inorganic material, it can have the advantages of isolating water and oxygen and reducing leakage; when the material of the first insulating pattern 130 is an organic material, it can have a smaller Parasitic capacitance and better flatness.

In order to improve the electrical performance of the photoelectric conversion element 110 , the transflective solar cell 10 further includes a plurality of conductive patterns 150 and a plurality of second insulating patterns 170 . The conductive patterns 150 are respectively disposed corresponding to the plurality of photoelectric conversion elements 110 (or the plurality of first insulating patterns 130 ), and do not overlap with the plurality of light-transmitting regions TA. The overlapping relationship here means, for example, that the projections of the two members along the direction Y overlap. If not specifically mentioned below, the overlapping relationship of any two components is defined in the same way, and will not be repeated here.

The thickness of the conductive pattern 150 along the direction Y may be between 0.05 micrometers and 5 micrometers. On the other hand, the width W3 of the conductive pattern 150 along a direction parallel to the substrate 100 (eg, the direction X) may be smaller than the width W2 of the second electrode E2 , but not limited thereto. In other not-shown embodiments, the width W3 of the conductive pattern 150 may also be equal to the width W2 of the second electrode E2. In this embodiment, the second electrode E2 and the conductive pattern 150 have an edge E2e and an edge 150e facing the light-transmitting area TA, respectively, and the edge E2e of the second electrode E2 and the edge 150e of the conductive pattern 150 are separated along the direction X. The distance d3 may be between 0 micrometers and 20 micrometers.

For example, the conductive patterns 150 can be respectively electrically connected to the first electrodes E1 of the photoelectric conversion elements 110 to reduce the overall resistance of the first electrodes E1, but not limited thereto. In order to protect the conductive patterns 150 , the present disclosure uses a plurality of second insulating patterns 170 to cover the conductive patterns 150 . That is, the second insulating patterns 170 are respectively disposed on the plurality of first insulating patterns 130 . In this embodiment, the material of the second insulating pattern 170 is an organic material, such as pentacene, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether or polyimide.

It is particularly noted that the second insulating patterns 170 are located between the plurality of light-transmitting areas TA, and do not overlap with the light-transmitting areas TA. The width W4 of the second insulating pattern 170 along a direction parallel to the substrate 100 (eg, the direction X) is greater than the width W3 of the conductive pattern 150 . The distance d4 along the direction X between the edge 170e of the second insulating pattern 170 facing the light-transmitting area TA and the edge 150e of the conductive pattern 150 may be between 1 μm and 60 μm. More specifically, the orthographic projection of the second insulating pattern 170 on the substrate 100 is completely within the orthographic projection of the corresponding second electrode E2 on the substrate 100 . In this embodiment, the edge 170e of the second insulating pattern 170 is substantially aligned with the edge E2e of the second electrode E2, but not limited thereto. The thickness of the second insulating pattern 170 along the direction Y may be between 0.1 μm and 30 μm.

Please also refer to FIG. 2 , the transflective solar cell 10 of this embodiment is suitable to be mounted on the display side 200 ds of the display panel 200 to form a display device 1 . More specifically, the display panel 200 is provided on the side of the second insulating pattern 170 of the transflective solar cell 10 facing away from the photoelectric conversion element 110 . The display panel 200 is, for example, a liquid crystal display panel, or other suitable non-self-luminous display panels. Therefore, the display device 1 may also optionally include a backlight module (not shown). However, the present invention is not limited to this. According to other embodiments, the display panel 200 may also be a micro light emitting diode (micro-LED) panel, a sub-millimeter light emitting diode (mini light emitting diode, mini) -LED) panels, or other suitable self-illuminating display panels.

In detail, the image light IB emitted by the display panel 200 can exit the display device 1 through the light-transmitting area TA of the transflective solar cell 10 , and the photoelectric conversion element 110 receives the external environment through one side of the first electrode E1 light EB (eg, sunlight), and generate electric power to provide electric power required for the operation of the display panel 200 . Through the design that the second insulating pattern 170 does not overlap the light-transmitting area TA, the image light IB will not have a color shift phenomenon (eg, yellowing phenomenon) after passing through the light-transmitting area TA, which is helpful to improve the vision of the display device 1 Effect.

However, the present invention is not limited to the application scope of the transflective solar cell 10 . For example, in other embodiments, the semi-transmissive solar cell 10 can also be applied to the viewing window of a building. In addition to the function of solar power generation, the suppression of the color shift phenomenon can also allow viewing of the scenery outside the window. viewers have a better visual experience.

Hereinafter, other embodiments will be listed to describe the present disclosure in detail, wherein the same components will be marked with the same symbols, and the description of the same technical content will be omitted.

3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a transflective solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a transflective solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 3 , the difference between the transflective solar cell 10A of the present embodiment and the transflective solar cell 10 of FIG. 1 is that the widths of the second insulating patterns are different. In this embodiment, the edge 170Ae of the second insulating pattern 170A of the transflective solar cell 10A is farther from the light-transmitting area TA than the edge E2e of the second electrode E2 . That is, the distance d5 between the orthographic projection of the edge 170Ae of the second insulating pattern 170A on the second electrode E2 and the edge E2e of the second electrode E2 along a direction parallel to the substrate 100 (eg, the direction X) is greater than 0 microns. Accordingly, the phenomenon of color shift of light incident at a larger angle and passing through the light-transmitting area TA can be further suppressed, thereby improving the visual quality of the transflective solar cell 10A in a larger viewing angle range.

However, the novel creation is not limited to this. In other embodiments, according to different product requirements, the second insulating pattern 170B of the transflective solar cell 10B may also partially overlap the light-transmitting area TA, as shown in FIG. 4 . That is, the second insulating pattern 170B may further cover a portion of the sidewall 130w of the first insulating pattern 130 facing the light-transmitting area TA. In particular, the edge 170Be of the second insulating pattern 170B can be selectively aligned with the edge 130e of the first insulating pattern 130 . That is to say, the patterning process of the first insulating pattern 130 and the second insulating pattern 170B can share the same mask for exposure, which helps to reduce the production cost.

It is particularly noted that both the transflective solar cell 10A of FIG. 3 and the transflective solar cell 10B of FIG. 4 can be used to replace the transflective solar cell 10 of the display device 1 in FIG. 2 .

To sum up, in the transflective solar cell of an embodiment of the present invention, the photoelectric conversion element is covered by the first insulating pattern. The first insulating pattern is provided with a conductive pattern, and the conductive pattern can improve the electrical performance of the photoelectric conversion element. In order to protect the conductive pattern, its surface is covered with a second insulating pattern. Through the design that the second insulating pattern does not overlap the light-transmitting area, the color shift problem (eg, yellowing phenomenon) after the light passes through the transflective solar cell can be effectively solved, thereby achieving a better visual effect.

1: Display device 10, 10A, 10B: Semi-transmissive solar cells 100: Substrate 110: Photoelectric conversion elements 111: the first extrinsic semiconductor layer 112: Intrinsic semiconductor layer 113: the second extrinsic semiconductor layer 130: First insulating pattern 130e, 150e, 170e, 170Ae, 170Be, E1e, E2e, PCLe: Edge 130w: sidewall 150: Conductive Pattern 170, 170A, 170B: Second insulating pattern 200: Display panel 200ds: Display side d1, d2, d3, d4, d5: distance E1: The first electrode E2: Second electrode EB: ambient light IB: Image Light PCL: Photoelectric Conversion Layer TA: light transmission area W1, W2, W3, W4: Width X, Y: direction

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a transflective solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a transflective solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a transflective solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention.

10: Semi-transmissive solar cells

100: Substrate

110: Photoelectric conversion elements

111: the first extrinsic semiconductor layer

112: Intrinsic semiconductor layer

113: the second extrinsic semiconductor layer

130: First insulating pattern

130e, 150e, 170e, E1e, E2e, PCLe: Edge

150: Conductive Pattern

170: Second insulating pattern

d1, d2, d3, d4: distance

E1: The first electrode

E2: Second electrode

EB: ambient light

PCL: Photoelectric Conversion Layer

TA: light transmission area

W1, W2, W3, W4: Width

X, Y: direction

Claims (9)

A semi-transmissive solar cell has a plurality of light-transmitting regions, and includes: a substrate; A plurality of photoelectric conversion elements are disposed on the substrate and located between the light-transmitting regions, and each of the photoelectric conversion elements includes: a photoelectric conversion layer; and A first electrode and a second electrode are disposed on opposite sides of the photoelectric conversion layer and are electrically connected to the photoelectric conversion layer, wherein the first electrode is located between the substrate and the photoelectric conversion layer; a plurality of first insulating patterns respectively covering the photoelectric conversion elements; a plurality of conductive patterns, respectively disposed corresponding to the photoelectric conversion elements and not overlapping the light-transmitting regions; and A plurality of second insulating patterns are disposed on the first insulating patterns and cover the conductive patterns respectively, the second insulating patterns are located between the light-transmitting regions and do not overlap the light-transmitting regions . The transflective solar cell of claim 1, wherein a width of each of the conductive patterns along a direction parallel to the substrate is less than or equal to a width of the second electrode along the direction. The transflective solar cell of claim 1, wherein a width of each of the second insulating patterns along a direction parallel to the substrate is greater than a width of each of the conductive patterns along the direction. The transflective solar cell of claim 1, wherein the first insulating patterns partially overlap the light-transmitting regions and cover the photoelectric conversion elements. The transflective solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the orthographic projections of the second insulating patterns on the substrate are completely located on the orthographic projections of the second electrodes of the photoelectric conversion elements on the substrate Inside. The transflective solar cell of claim 5, wherein the overlapping one of the second insulating pattern and one of the second electrodes have a first edge and a second edge, respectively, and the first edge is on the first edge. The shortest distance between the orthographic projections on the two electrodes and the second edge is greater than 0 microns. The transflective solar cell of claim 1, wherein the second electrodes of the photoelectric conversion elements define the light-transmitting regions. The transflective solar cell of claim 1, wherein the first electrode of each of the photoelectric conversion elements is electrically connected to one of the conductive patterns. The transflective solar cell according to claim 1, wherein a display panel is provided on the side of the second insulating patterns away from the photoelectric conversion elements to constitute a display device.

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