TWI788216B - Shelter door - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a refuge door that can be smoothly closed, can automatically ensure high airtightness while being closed, has a simple structure, and is hardly prone to troubles. The shelter door has a door, an opening and closing mechanism, a ratchet mechanism, and the like. The door is an inward-opening casement door that rotates around a hinge. The opening and closing mechanism is operated by the driving device. The door is rotated by the operation of the opening and closing mechanism to open/close the opening. The lock lever rotates with the operation of the opening and closing mechanism, and when the door closes the opening, the lock lever is in close contact with the rotation restraining device in a state where a compressive force is applied.

Description

shelter door

The present invention relates to a refuge door that is automatically sealed when an opening is closed.

In the Great East Japan Earthquake, many precious lives were lost due to the tsunami and fire that continued for a long time. In addition, in recent years, the international situation has also become tense, the tension caused by the development of overseas nuclear weapons, biological and chemical weapons continues, and the threat of military attacks using nuclear weapons and the like has increased. In view of such a situation, in the event of an unexpected situation such as an earthquake, fire, tsunami, radiation exposure, etc., in order to protect one's own life, an evacuation shelter is required to safely evacuate. Doors installed in shelters have a predetermined strength and must ensure high airtightness in order to prevent water inundation due to submersion, to prevent the intrusion of gas containing harmful substances, and to further prevent the intrusion of radioactive substances.

According to the invention of patent document 1, even if a user does not operate a handle lever etc., the fire door which can close a disaster prevention door highly airtight is disclosed. Specifically, when the door main body 20 is rotated in the closing direction, the lever 40 is released from the hold state by the trigger 60 and allowed to move upward by the long cremorne lock 70 . Then, the front end portion 40a of the rod 40 is inserted into the receiver while being guided by the tapered surface 40c and the contact surface 40e by the urging force of the compression coil spring. At this time, the door main body 20 rotating around the hinges 15 and 15 closes the opening 10 while pressing the sealing material 16, thereby realizing disaster prevention performance such as fire prevention performance and sound insulation performance required for the disaster prevention door 1 .

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-303689

However, the structure of the disaster prevention door disclosed by patent document 1 is complicated, for example, when the trigger device malfunctions for some reason, it cannot close a door smoothly. In addition, since the front end of the rod is inserted into the receiver while being guided by the tapered surface and the abutting surface by the force of the compression coil spring, there is naturally a limit to the force to close the door. This is because, in order to improve the To perform airtight force, it is necessary to use a compression coil with a high spring constant. When closing the door, it is necessary to perform a step of compressing the compression coil with a high spring constant.

The present invention has been made with these problems in mind, and provides a shelter door that can be smoothly closed, can automatically ensure high airtightness while closing, and has a simple structure that is less likely to cause trouble.

The invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a refuge door, which is characterized in that it includes: a door that opens and closes an opening provided in a refuge housing; and an opening and closing mechanism that rotates the door to open and close it. The mechanism has: an arc-shaped guiding device fixed to the housing of the shelter; a rotating device rotatably supported on the door, in a state of being inscribed with the guiding device, in a first direction and a direction opposite to the first direction, that is, The second direction is rotated; the driving device drives the rotating device; the lock lever is fixed on the rotating device and rotates synchronously with the rotating device; Rotate in the direction of closing the opening, when the rotating device rotates in the second direction, the door rotates in the direction of opening the opening, when the door closes the opening, the lock lever is in close contact with the rotation restraining device under the state of applying a compressive force The rotation of the rotation device in the first direction is suppressed, and the door is in close contact with the shelter shell in a state where a compressive force is applied.

According to this configuration, when the door closes the opening, the lock lever is brought into a state of pressure contact with the rotation suppressing device to suppress the rotation of the lock lever in the first direction, and the door is in close contact with the shelter housing while a compressive force is applied. , therefore, a high airtightness can be automatically ensured while the door closes the opening.

In addition, according to this structure, the door is double-closed by both the guide device and the rotation device, and the lock lever and the rotation restraining device, so when an external force intended to open acts on the door, even the contact portion between the rotation device and the guide device is closed. Wanting to slide, the lock lever is also in close contact with the rotation restraining device in a state of applying a compressive force, so the door cannot be opened.

Preferably, the shelter door is characterized in that the guide device is provided with inner peripheral teeth on the inner peripheral portion, and the rotating device is provided with outer peripheral teeth meshing with the inner peripheral teeth on the outer peripheral portion.

According to this structure, since the inner peripheral teeth are provided on the inner peripheral portion of the guide device, and the outer peripheral teeth meshing with the inner peripheral teeth are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the rotary device, the contact portion between the guide device and the rotary device does not slip.

Preferably, the refuge door is characterized in that the refuge door is provided with a ratchet mechanism, and the ratchet mechanism There is an engaging pawl rotatably fixed to the refuge housing, and when the door closes the opening, the engaging pawl engages with the outer peripheral teeth to suppress the rotation of the rotating device in the second direction.

According to this configuration, when the door closes the opening, the engagement pawl engages with the outer peripheral teeth to suppress the rotation of the rotation device in the second direction, so that the guide device and the rotation device cooperate even when the operation of the drive device is stopped. to keep the door closed.

A preferred refuge door is characterized in that the ratchet mechanism has a manually operable handle for releasing the engagement pawl from engagement with the peripheral teeth.

According to this configuration, since the engagement pawl is released from the engagement with the outer peripheral teeth by the manually operable handle, there are fewer failures and the reliability of the opening operation can be improved compared with the electromagnetic unit.

A preferred refuge door is characterized in that the door is provided with a slot for avoiding contact when the locking bar is turned.

According to this structure, the door is provided with a groove for avoiding contact when the lock lever is rotated, so that the separation distance between the door and the rotating device can be reduced.

1. 201: Shelter Door

3: Opening and closing mechanism

4, 204a, 204b: ratchet mechanism

12: Shaft bearing parts

20, 220a, 220b: guiding device

21: Rotation restraint device

21a: concave part

23: inner peripheral teeth

30: Turning device

31, 231a, 231b: rod

32: gear

33: Peripheral teeth

35:Lock lever

35a: Convex part

41: Engagement claw

41a: Fulcrum

42: cam

42b: Raised part

42a: Fulcrum

43: Spring

44: handle

50: drive device

51: motor

55: Rotation transformation part

70: door

70a: central axis

71:Hinge

72: Shell

73: Filling material

74: slot

75: Seals

78: side end

100: Shelter Shell

101: side edge

120: opening

150: ceiling

151, 251a, 251b: guide groove

160: floor

170: side wall

255: Rotation transformation part

260: floor panel

DR1: first direction

DR2: Second direction

Fig. 1 is a front view of the shelter door seen from the inside side.

(a) of FIG. 2 is a top cross-sectional view when the shelter door closes the opening, and FIG. 2( b ) is a top cross-sectional view when the shelter door passes the vicinity of the rotation suppressing device.

Fig. 3 is a plan view illustrating a ratchet mechanism.

Fig. 4 is a front view seen from the inside side for explaining a modified example of the refuge door.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , the shelter housing 100 is a substantially cubic housing with a refuge space inside, and has a floor 160 , a ceiling 150 , and side walls 170 connected to the floor 160 and the ceiling 150 and surrounding four sides. The opening 120 is provided in the side wall 170 . Through the opening 120 provided in the side wall 170 , it is possible to communicate between the inside and the outside of the shelter casing 100 . The opening 120 is opened and closed by the refuge door 1 .

The shelter door 1 has a door 70, an opening and closing mechanism 3, a ratchet mechanism 4, and the like. The door 70 is an inwardly opened side-hung door that rotates around the hinge 71, and is rotated by the action of the opening and closing mechanism 3 to open/close The opening portion 120 is closed. As the opening and closing mechanism 3 operates, the lock bar (Lock Bar) 35 rotates, and when the door 70 closes the opening 120 , the lock bar 35 is in close contact with the rotation restraining device 21 with a compressive force applied thereto.

The ratchet mechanism 4 is a device for suppressing the rotation of the rotation device 30 in the second direction DR2 (see FIG. 3 ).

The opening and closing mechanism 3 has a guide device 20 , a rotation device 30 and a drive device 50 . The guide device 20 is an arc-shaped member fixed to the ceiling 150 , and inner peripheral teeth 23 are provided on the inner peripheral side. That is, it is a member corresponding to a kind of internal gear, and the center of the arc is arranged so as to coincide with the rotation central axis 70a (see FIG. 2 ) of the door 70 .

The rotating device 30 has a rod 31 and a gear 32 . The rod 31 is a rod member having a circular cross section, and extends along the direction in which the side edge 101 of the door 70 extends. In addition, it is rotatably supported by the door 70 via the shaft support member 12 . The upper end of the rod 31 is inserted into an arc-shaped guide groove 151 provided in the ceiling 150 . The center of the arc of the guide groove 151 coincides with the rotation central axis 70 a of the door 70 . In addition, the width of the guide groove 151 is set slightly larger than the diameter of the rod 31 . Thus, when the door 70 is rotated, the upper end of the rod 31 can smoothly move along the guide groove 151 .

The gear 32 is fixed to the upper end portion of the rod 31 and has outer peripheral teeth 33 on the outer peripheral portion. The outer peripheral teeth 33 provided on the gear 32 mesh with the inner peripheral teeth 23 provided on the guide device 20 .

The shaft support member 12 is arranged at the upper end portion of the door 70 and at a position sandwiching the lock lever 35 , and is fixed to the door 70 . Thereby, smooth rotation of the lever 31 can be ensured. In addition, deformation of the lever 31 when the lock lever 35 is in close contact with the rotation suppressing device 21 in a state where a compressive force is applied can be suppressed.

The three lock rods 35 extend in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the rod 31 extends, and are fixed to the rod 31 . Thus, the lock lever 35 rotates in synchronization with the rotation of the lever 31 . The fixed positions of the lock bar 35 are positions corresponding to the upper end, the middle, and the lower end of the door 70 . When the door 70 closes the opening 120 , the lock lever 35 is in close contact with the rotation restraining device 21 fixed to the side wall 170 while applying a compressive force.

This embodiment has three lock levers 35 and three rotation restraining devices 21, but they may be less than three or more than three.

The rotating device 30 is rotated by the action of the driving device 50 . The driving device 50 has a battery-driven motor 51 and a rotation conversion unit 55 . The motor 51 and the rotation conversion unit 55 are fixed to the door 70 . The rotation conversion unit 55 has a bevel gear (not shown) fixed to the motor 51 and a bevel gear (not shown) fixed to the lower end of the rod 31 , and these bevel gears mesh with each other. Thus, the rotation of the motor 51 is The rotation around the central axis of the rod 31 is converted by the rotation conversion unit 55 .

As shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 2 , the door 70 is hingedly engaged with the side wall 170 via a hinge 71 . Thereby, the door 70 rotates about the rotation center shaft 70a, and the opening part 120 is closed/opened.

The door 70 is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped member, and a hollow casing 72 is filled with a filling material 73 . The housing 72 is made of steel. As the material of the filling material 73, concrete, water, sand, or a material obtained by using them in combination is preferable. By filling the concrete, the strength of the door 70 can be increased, and radiation can be shielded. Moreover, by filling with water, the temperature rise at the time of fire can be suppressed, and radiation can be blocked. Moreover, the fire resistance performance of the door 70 can be improved by filling with sand.

The door 70 is provided with a seal 75 in a ring shape on a surface facing the side wall 170 . The seal 75 is used to seal a gap formed between the side wall 170 and the door 70 . Also, a groove 74 is provided for avoiding contact with the lock lever 35 when the lock lever 35 is rotated. Accordingly, the distance between the door 70 and the rod 31 can be set to be small.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the ratchet mechanism 4 has an engagement pawl 41 , a cam 42 , a spring 43 and a handle 44 .

The engagement claw 41 is supported by the ceiling 150 in a rotatable state about a fulcrum 41a, and the cam 42 is supported by the ceiling 150 in a rotatable state about a fulcrum 42a. In addition, the spring 43 is fixed to the ceiling 150 and applies a force in a direction to rotate the engagement claw 41 clockwise. The handle 44 is fixed to the side wall 170 . The cam 42 is configured to rotate synchronously with the rotation of the handle 44 . Specifically, in FIG. 3 , when the handle 44 is turned clockwise, the cam 42 also turns clockwise, and when the handle 44 is turned counterclockwise, the cam 42 also turns counterclockwise. The handle 44 is set to allow only a prescribed range of rotation. Specifically, the cam 42 is allowed to rotate from the state located on the solid line to the state located on the broken line.

A mechanism for suppressing the rotation of the gear 32 in the second direction DR2 and releasing the suppression will be described.

When the door 70 is opened, the engaging pawl 41 is supported by a portion of the cam 42 other than the protrusion 42 b in a state of being urged by the spring 43 . That is, in the state of the solid line in FIG. 3 , the stationary position is maintained. In this state, when the door 70 is rotated in a direction to close the opening 120 , the engagement claw 41 engages with the outer peripheral teeth 33 . Accordingly, the rotation of the gear 32 in the second direction DR2 is restricted. As a result, the rotation of the door 70 in the direction to open the opening 120 is restricted.

By turning the handle 44 counterclockwise, the cam 42 is turned counterclockwise. Thus, through The active force of the spring 43, and the engagement claw 41 rotates counterclockwise. The engagement claw 41 is rotated counterclockwise by the protrusion 42 b coming into contact with the engagement claw 41 . As a result, the engagement between the engaging claw 41 and the outer peripheral teeth 33 is released. As a result, the door 70 can freely rotate in both directions.

In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the handle 44 is manually turned, but it may be possible to turn it electrically in consideration of evacuation of people with limited hands or weak hands, such as elderly people. In addition, it is preferable to dispose the handle 44 at a position where a person evacuating in a wheelchair can easily turn.

The mechanism of locking the door 70 by the lock lever 35 and the rotation restraining device 21 will be described with reference to (a) and (b) of FIG. 2 .

The door 70 rotates with the rotation of the rotating device 30 . When the turning device 30 turns in the first direction DR1 , the lock lever 35 also turns in the first direction DR1 while passing through the slot 74 , and the door 70 turns in the direction to close the opening 120 . When the turning device 30 turns in the second direction DR2 , the lock lever 35 also turns in the second direction DR2 while passing through the groove 74 , and the door 70 turns in a direction to release the opening 120 .

When the side end portion 78 rotates in the direction to close the opening 120 while passing the vicinity of the rotation suppressing device 21 , the lock lever 35 rotates in the first direction DR1 without interfering with the rotation suppressing device 21 . (Refer to (b) of FIG. 2). Accordingly, the door 70 can be rotated while passing the vicinity of the rotation suppressing device 21 smoothly.

When the door 70 closes the opening 120, the protrusion 35a provided at the front end of the lock lever 35 is inserted into the recess 21a provided at the front end of the rotation restraining device 21, and a compressive force based on the rotational force of the motor 51 is applied. cling. The more the door 70 turns in the direction to close the opening 120, the stronger the compressive force generated in the convex portion 35a and the concave portion 21a becomes. At this time, the engaging claw 41 is engaged with the outer peripheral teeth 33 . Thereby, the rotation of the door 70 in the direction of opening the opening 120 is restricted, and even if the driving of the motor 51 is stopped, the locked state of the door 70 will not be released without the urging force of the rotation force of the motor 51 . As described above, the door 70 is firmly locked while closing the opening 120 due to the compression force generated in the convex portion 35 a and the concave portion 21 a and the rotation inhibiting effect due to the engagement of the engaging claw 41 .

The refuge door 1 of the present embodiment can be automatically and securely sealed only by performing the step of closing the door 70 without performing the step of locking the door separately. In addition, since the electromagnetic unit is not required, it is possible to avoid a state where the lock cannot be performed due to a defect in the circuit or the like. That is, reliability is higher than that of the conventional technology.

A modified example of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 4 . Since the present embodiment has many contents in common with the modifications, differences will be mainly described. The same schematic symbols are attached to the structures common to the present embodiment, and the schematic symbols of the 200th stage are attached to different structures. Also, the display of the handle is omitted.

The rotation of the motor 51 of the refuge door 201 is converted into the rotation around the central axis of the rods 231 a and 231 b via the rotation conversion unit 255 . One lock lever 35 is fixed to each of the levers 231a and 231b, and rotates in synchronization with the rotation of the levers 231a and 231b. The front ends of the rods 231a, 231b are inserted into the guide grooves 251a, 251b. The fixed position of the lock lever 35 is a position corresponding to the middle portion of the door 70 . When the door 70 closes the opening 120 , the lock lever 35 is in close contact with the rotation restraining device 21 fixed to the side wall 170 in a state where a compressive force is applied.

One guide device 220 a of the pair of guide devices 220 a, 220 b is fixed to the ceiling 150 , and the other guide device 220 b is fixed to the floor 160 . The pair of guide devices 220a and 220b are arc-shaped members, and the center of the arc is arranged so as to coincide with the rotation central axis 70a of the door 70 .

One of the pair of ratchet mechanisms 204 a , 204 b is fixed to the ceiling 150 , and the other ratchet mechanism is fixed to the floor 160 . A floor panel 260 is provided above the floor 160 , and the ratchet mechanism 204 b is housed in a space provided between the floor 160 and the floor panel 260 .

One lock lever 35 fixed to the levers 231a, 231b is provided respectively, and is in close contact with the rotation restraining device 21 fixed to the side wall 170 under the state of applying a compressive force, but two or more lock levers 35 may be fixed to the levers 231a, 231b respectively. The locking lever 35 is in close contact with the rotation restraining device 21 under the state of applying a compressive force.

This embodiment and modifications are examples, and it is needless to say that changes can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention.

Industrial availability

Since the shelter door according to the present invention is firmly locked while being closed, even a person with limited hands does not need to separately close the door handle or the like. People who cannot free their hands can safely evacuate in a shelter without asking for help, so the industrial applicability is relatively large.

1: Vault Door

101: side edge

3: Opening and closing mechanism

4: ratchet mechanism

12: Shaft bearing parts

120: opening

150: ceiling

151: guide groove

160: floor

170: side wall

20: Guide device

21: Rotation restraint device

23: inner peripheral teeth

30: Turning device

31: Rod

32: gear

33: Peripheral teeth

35:Lock lever

44: handle

50: drive device

51: motor

55: Rotation transformation part

70: door

71:Hinge

100: Shelter Shell

Claims (5)

A refuge door, characterized in that it has: The door is an inwardly-hung door that opens and closes an opening provided in the shelter shell; and opening and closing mechanism to allow the door to rotate, The opening and closing mechanism includes: an arc-shaped guiding device fixed to the housing of the shelter; a rotating device rotatably supported by the door, and in a state inscribed with the guiding device in the first direction and a direction opposite to the first direction, that is, a second direction to rotate; a driving device that drives the rotating device; a lock lever that is fixed to the rotating device and rotates synchronously with the rotating device; and a rotation restraining device that is fixed to the rotating device. In the shelter housing, When the rotating device rotates in the first direction, the door rotates in the direction of closing the opening; when the rotating device rotates in the second direction, the door rotates in the direction of opening the opening. When the door closes the opening, the lock lever is in close contact with the rotation inhibiting device under a state of applying a compressive force to inhibit the rotation of the rotating device in the first direction, And the door is in close contact with the shelter shell in a state where a compressive force is applied. The shelter door of claim 1, wherein, The guide device is provided with inner peripheral teeth on the inner peripheral portion, and the rotating device is provided with outer peripheral teeth meshing with the inner peripheral teeth on the outer peripheral portion. The shelter door of claim 2, wherein, The shelter door is provided with a ratchet mechanism having engagement pawls rotatably fixed to the shelter housing, When the door closes the opening, the engagement pawl engages with the outer peripheral teeth to inhibit rotation of the rotation device in the second direction. The shelter door of claim 3, wherein, The ratchet mechanism has a manually operable handle for releasing the engagement pawl from engagement with the peripheral teeth. The refuge door as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the door is provided with a groove, and the groove is used to avoid contact when the lock bar is rotated.

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