JP6884455B1 - Shelter door - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shelter door which can be closed smoothly, can automatically secure high airtightness at the same time as closing, and has a simple structure and is less likely to cause a defect. A shelter door 1 has a door 70, an opening / closing mechanism 3, a ratchet mechanism 4, and the like. The door 70 is an inwardly-opening hinged door that rotates around a hinge 71. The opening / closing mechanism 3 is operated by the driving device 50. The door 70 is rotated by the operation of the opening / closing mechanism 3 to open / close the opening 120. The lock bar 35 rotates with the operation of the opening / closing mechanism 3, and when the door 70 closes the opening 120, the lock bar 35 comes into close contact with the rotation restraining device 21 in a state where the compressive force is urged. .. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

The present invention relates to a shelter door that is automatically sealed when the opening is closed.

In the Great East Japan Earthquake, a tsunami and a long-lasting fire broke out, and many precious lives were lost. In recent years, the international situation has become tense, and tensions have continued due to the development of nuclear weapons, biological and chemical weapons overseas, and the threat of military attacks using nuclear weapons is increasing. In view of these circumstances, shelters that can safely evacuate in the event of an unforeseen situation such as an earthquake, fire, tsunami, or radiation exposure are required to protect one's own life. The door to be attached to the shelter has a predetermined strength, is high in order to prevent inundation due to submersion, to prevent the intrusion of gas containing harmful substances, and to prevent the invasion of radioactive substances. It is necessary to ensure airtightness.

According to the invention of Patent Document 1, a fire door that can be closed with high airtightness without the user operating a handle lever or the like is disclosed. Specifically, when the door body 20 rotates in the closing direction, the rod 40 is released from the holding state by the trigger device 60 and is allowed to move upward by the Gremon lock 70. Then, the tip portion 40a of the rod 40 is inserted into the receiver 50 by the urging force of the compression coil spring 42 while being guided by the tapered surface 40c and the contact surface 40e. At this time, the door body 20 rotated around the hinges 15 and 15 closes the opening 10 while pressing the sealing material 16 to realize disaster prevention performance such as fire prevention performance and soundproofing performance required for the disaster prevention door 1. To do.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-303689

However, the disaster prevention door disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a complicated structure, and for example, if a malfunction occurs in the trigger device for some reason, the door cannot be closed smoothly. In addition, since the tip of the rod is inserted into the receiver while being guided by the tapered surface and the contact surface by the urging force of the compression coil spring, the force for sealing the door is naturally limited. There is. This is because it is necessary to use a compression coil having a high spring multiplier in order to increase the sealing force, and it is necessary to take a step of compressing the compression coil having a high spring multiplier when closing the door.

The present invention has been made by paying attention to these problems, and provides a shelter door which can be closed smoothly, can automatically secure a high degree of airtightness at the same time as closing, and has a simple structure and is less likely to cause a defect. Is what you do.

The invention for solving the above problems is a shelter door, which includes a door which is an inwardly opening hinged door for opening and closing an opening provided in the shelter housing, and an opening / closing mechanism for rotating the door. , An arc-shaped guide device fixed to the shelter housing, and a first direction rotatably supported by the door and inscribed in the guide device, and a second direction opposite to the first direction. It has a rotating device that rotates in a door, a driving device that drives the rotating device, a lock bar that is fixed to the rotating device and rotates synchronously, and a rotation suppressing device that is fixed to the shelter housing. Then, when the rotating device rotates in the first direction, the door rotates in the direction of closing the opening, and when the rotating device rotates in the second direction, the door rotates in the direction of opening the opening. When the door rotates and the door closes the opening, the lock bar is in close contact with the rotation restraining device in a state where the compressive force is urged, and the rotation of the rotating device in the first direction is suppressed and the rotation is suppressed. The door is characterized in that it comes into close contact with the shelter housing in a state where a compressive force is applied.

According to this configuration, when the door closes the opening, the lock bar is in a state of being in pressure contact with the rotation restraining device to prevent the lock bar from rotating in the first direction, and the door is a shelter housing. Since the door closes the opening while the compressive force is urged, a high degree of airtightness can be automatically ensured at the same time.
Further, according to this configuration, the door is doubly closed by both the guide device and the rotating device, and the lock bar and the rotation suppressing device, so that when an external force to be opened acts on the door, the door is closed. Even if the contact portion between the rotating device and the guide device slips, the door will not be opened because the lock bar is in close contact with the rotation suppressing device in a state where the compressive force is applied.

Preferably, the guide device is provided with inner peripheral teeth on the inner peripheral portion, and the rotating device is provided with outer peripheral teeth that mesh with the inner peripheral teeth on the outer peripheral portion.

According to this configuration, the guide device is provided with inner peripheral teeth on the inner peripheral portion, and the rotating device is provided with outer peripheral teeth that mesh with the inner peripheral teeth on the outer peripheral portion. The part does not slip.

Preferably, a ratchet mechanism having an engaging claw that is rotatably fixed to the shelter housing is provided, and when the door closes the opening, the engaging claw and the outer peripheral tooth are engaged and the number of the rotating device is increased. It is characterized in that rotation in two directions is suppressed.

According to this configuration, when the door closes the opening, the engaging claw and the outer peripheral tooth are engaged and the rotation of the rotating device in the second direction is suppressed, so that the operation of the driving device is stopped. Even in the state, the guide device and the rotating device work together to keep the door closed.

Preferably, the ratchet mechanism is characterized by having a manually operable handle for disengaging the engagement claw and the outer peripheral teeth.

According to this configuration, since the disengagement between the engaging claw and the outer peripheral tooth is performed by the handle that can be manually operated, there are few failures as compared with the electromagnetic means, and the reliability of the disengaging operation can be improved.

Preferably, the door is characterized by being provided with a groove to avoid contact when the lock bar is rotated.

According to this configuration, since the door is provided with a groove for avoiding contact when the lock bar rotates, the separation distance between the door and the rotating device can be reduced.

It is a front view of the shelter door seen from the inside. (A) is a plan sectional view when the shelter door closes the opening, and (b) is a plan sectional view when the shelter door passes in the vicinity of the rotation restraining device. It is a top view explaining the ratchet mechanism. It is a front view seen from the inside which explains the modification of the shelter door.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 1, the shelter housing 100 is a substantially cubic housing whose inside is an evacuation space, and has a floor 160, a ceiling 150, and side walls 170 connected to the floor 160 and the ceiling 150 and surrounding all sides. ing. The side wall 170 is provided with an opening 120. The opening 120 provided in the side wall 170 allows the inside and outside of the shelter housing 100 to be moved back and forth. The opening 120 is opened and closed by the shelter door 1.

The shelter door 1 has a door 70, an opening / closing mechanism 3, a ratchet mechanism 4, and the like. The door 70 is an inwardly-opening hinged door that rotates around a hinge 71, and rotates by the operation of the opening / closing mechanism 3 to open / close the opening 120. The lock bar 35 rotates with the operation of the opening / closing mechanism 3, and when the door 70 closes the opening 120, the lock bar 35 comes into close contact with the rotation restraining device 21 in a state where the compressive force is urged. ..

The ratchet mechanism 4 is a device for suppressing the rotation of the second direction DR2 (see FIG. 3) of the rotating device 30.

The opening / closing mechanism 3 has a guide device 20, a rotating device 30, and a driving device 50. The guide device 20 is an arc-shaped member fixed to the ceiling 150, and has inner peripheral teeth 23 provided on the inner peripheral side. That is, it is a member corresponding to a kind of internal gear, and the center of the arc is arranged so as to coincide with the rotation center axis 70a (see FIG. 2) of the door 70.

The rotating device 30 has a rod 31 and a gear 32. The rod 31 is a rod member having a circular cross section, and extends along the direction in which the side edge 101 of the door 70 extends. Further, it is rotatably supported by the door 70 via the shaft support member 12. The upper end of the rod 31 is inserted into an arc-shaped guide groove 151 provided in the ceiling 150. The center of the arc of the guide groove 151 coincides with the rotation center axis 70a of the door 70. The width of the guide groove 151 is set to be slightly larger than the diameter of the rod 31. As a result, when the door 70 rotates, the upper end of the rod 31 can smoothly move along the guide groove 151.

The gear 32 is fixed to the upper end of the rod 31, and outer peripheral teeth 33 are provided on the outer peripheral portion. The outer peripheral teeth 33 provided on the gear 32 and the inner peripheral teeth 23 provided on the guide device 20 are in mesh with each other.

The shaft support member 12 is arranged at the upper end of the door 70 and at a position where the lock bar 35 is sandwiched, and is fixed to the door 70. As a result, smooth rotation of the rod 31 can be ensured. Further, it is possible to suppress the deformation of the rod 31 when the lock bar 35 is in close contact with the rotation suppressing device 21 in a state where the compressive force is urged.

The three lock bars 35 extend in a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the rod 31 extends, and are fixed to the rod 31. As a result, the lock bar 35 rotates in synchronization with the rotation of the rod 31. The fixed position of the lock bar 35 is a position corresponding to the upper end portion, the middle portion, and the lower end portion of the door 70. When the door 70 closes the opening 120, the lock bar 35 and the rotation restraining device 21 fixed to the side wall 170 are brought into close contact with each other in a state where the compressive force is urged.

The present embodiment has three lock bars 35 and three rotation restraining devices 21, but these may be three or less, or more than three.

The rotating device 30 rotates when the driving device 50 operates. The drive device 50 has a motor 51 driven by a battery and a rotation conversion unit 55. The motor 51 and the rotation conversion unit 55 are fixed to the door 70. The rotation conversion unit 55 has a bevel gear (not shown) fixed to the motor 51 and a bevel gear (not shown) fixed to the lower end of the rod 31, and these bevel gears mesh with each other. ing. As a result, the rotation of the motor 51 is converted into rotation around the central axis of the rod 31 via the rotation conversion unit 55.

As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the door 70 is hinged to the side wall 170 via a hinge 71. As a result, the door 70 rotates around the rotation center shaft 70a to close and open the opening 120.

The door 70 is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped member, and the outer shell 72 having a hollow structure is filled with the filler 73. The outer shell 72 is made of steel. As the material of the filler 73, concrete, water, sand, or a composite material thereof is preferable. By filling with concrete, the strength of the door 70 can be increased and the radioactivity can be shielded. In addition, by filling with water, it is possible to suppress the temperature rise in the event of a fire and to shield the radioactivity. Further, the fire resistance performance of the door 70 can be improved by filling with sand.

The door 70 is provided with a packing 75 in an annular shape on a surface facing the side wall 170. The packing 75 is for sealing the gap formed between the side wall 170 and the door 70. Further, a groove 74 is provided to avoid contact with the lock bar 35 when the lock bar 35 rotates. Thereby, the separation distance between the door 70 and the rod 31 can be set small.

As shown in FIG. 3, the ratchet mechanism 4 has an engaging claw 41, a cam 42, a spring 43, and a handle 44.

The engaging claw 41 is supported by the ceiling 150 in a state where it can rotate around the fulcrum 41a, and the cam 42 is supported in a state where it can rotate around the fulcrum 42a. Further, the spring 43 is fixed to the ceiling 150 and urges a force in the direction in which the engaging claw 41 rotates clockwise. The handle 44 is fixed to the side wall 170. The cam 42 has a structure that rotates in synchronization with the rotation of the handle 44. Specifically, in FIG. 3, when the handle 44 is rotated clockwise, the cam 42 also rotates clockwise, and when the handle 44 is rotated counterclockwise, the cam 42 also rotates counterclockwise. The handle 44 is set so that only a predetermined range of rotation is allowed. Specifically, rotation from the state where the cam 42 is located on the solid line to the state where the cam 42 is located on the dotted line is allowed.

A mechanism by which the rotation of the second direction DR2 of the gear 32 is suppressed and the suppression is released will be described.

When the door 70 is open, the engaging claw 41 is supported by a portion of the cam 42 other than the protrusion 42b in a state of being urged by the spring 43. That is, the stationary position is maintained in the state of the solid line in FIG. When the door 70 rotates in the direction of closing the opening 120 in this state, the engaging claw 41 engages with the outer peripheral teeth 33. As a result, the rotation of the second direction DR2 of the gear 32 is restricted. As a result, the rotation of the door 70 in the opening direction is restricted.

By rotating the handle 44 counterclockwise, the cam 42 rotates counterclockwise. As a result, the engaging claw 41 rotates counterclockwise due to the urging force of the spring 43. When the protrusion 42b and the engaging claw 41 come into contact with each other, the engaging claw 41 rotates counterclockwise. As a result, the engagement between the engaging claw 41 and the outer peripheral tooth 33 is disengaged. As a result, the door 70 can freely rotate in both directions.

In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the handle 44 is manually rotated, but it is electrically rotated in consideration of evacuation of people with disabilities and people with weak hands, for example, elderly people. You may be able to move. Further, it is preferable to arrange the handle 44 at a position where people evacuating in a wheelchair can easily rotate.

The mechanism by which the door 70 is locked by the lock bar 35 and the rotation restraining device 21 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b).

The door 70 rotates with the rotation of the rotating device 30. When the rotating device 30 rotates in the first direction DR1, the lock bar 35 also rotates in the first direction DR1 while passing through the groove 74, and the door 70 rotates in the direction of closing the opening 120. .. When the rotating device 30 rotates in the second direction DR2, the lock bar 35 also rotates in the second direction DR2 while passing through the groove 74, and the door 70 rotates in the direction of opening the opening 120. ..

When the side end 78 rotates in the direction of closing the opening 120 while passing near the rotation restraint device 21, the lock bar 35 does not interfere with the rotation restraint device 21 in the first direction DR1. Rotates to. (See FIG. 2 (b)). As a result, the door 70 can rotate while smoothly passing in the vicinity of the rotation restraining device 21.

When the door 70 closes the opening 120, the convex portion 35a provided at the tip of the lock bar 35 is inserted into the recess 21a provided at the tip of the rotation restraining device 21 to rotate the motor 51. It adheres in a state where the compressive force by power is urged. The compressive force generated in the convex portion 35a and the concave portion 21a becomes stronger as the door 70 rotates in the direction of closing the opening 120. At this time, the engaging claw 41 engages with the outer peripheral teeth 33. As a result, the rotation of the door 70 in the opening direction is restricted, and even if the driving of the motor 51 is stopped and the urging by the rotational power of the motor 51 is lost, the locked state of the door 70 remains. It will not be released. As described above, the door 70 is in a strong locked state at the same time as closing the opening 120 due to the compressive force generated in the convex portion 35a and the concave portion 21a and the rotation suppressing effect due to the engagement of the engaging claw 41.

The shelter door 1 in the present embodiment can be automatically and firmly sealed only by taking the step of closing the door 70, without taking the step of separately locking the door. Further, since no electromagnetic means is required, it is possible to avoid a state in which the lock cannot be performed due to a circuit defect or the like. That is, the reliability is higher than that of the conventional one.

A modified example of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Since there are many common contents between this embodiment and the modified example, the differences will be mainly described. The same reference numerals are given to the configurations common to the present embodiment, and the reference numerals in the 200 series are given to different configurations. The display of the handle is omitted.

The rotation of the motor 51 of the shelter door 201 is converted into rotation around the central axis of the rods 231a and 231b via the rotation conversion unit 255. One lock bar 35 is fixed to each of the rods 231a and 231b, and the lock bar 35 rotates in synchronization with the rotation of the rods 231a and 231b. The tip portions of the rods 231a and 231b are inserted into the guide grooves 251a and 251b. The fixed position of the lock bar 35 is a position corresponding to the intermediate portion of the door 70. When the door 70 closes the opening 120, the lock bar 35 comes into close contact with the rotation restraining device 21 fixed to the side wall 170 in a state where a compressive force is urged.

One of the pair of guide devices 220a and 220b, the guide device 220a, is fixed to the ceiling 150, and the other guide device 220b is fixed to the floor 160. The pair of guide devices 220a and 220b are arc-shaped members, and the center of the arc is arranged so as to coincide with the rotation center axis 70a of the door 70.

One of the pair of ratchet mechanisms 204a and 204b is fixed to the ceiling 150, and the other ratchet mechanism is fixed to the floor 160. A floor plate 260 is provided above the floor 160, and the ratchet mechanism 204b is housed in a space provided between the floor 160 and the floor plate 260.

There is one lock bar 35 fixed to the rods 231a and 231b, and the lock bar 35 is in close contact with the rotation restraining device 21 fixed to the side wall 170 in a state where the compressive force is urged. Two or more rods 231a and 231b may be fixed to each of the rods 231b and 231b so as to be in close contact with the rotation restraining device 21 in a state where the compressive force is urged.

The present embodiment and modifications are examples, and it goes without saying that modifications can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention.

Since the shelter door according to the present invention is firmly locked at the same time as closing, even people with disabilities do not need to separately close the doorknob. Industrial applicability is great because people with disabilities can evacuate to the shelter without any hassle.

1, 201: Shelter door 3: Opening / closing mechanism 4: Ratchet mechanism 20: Guide device 23: Inner peripheral tooth 21: Rotation suppressing device 30: Rotating device 33: Outer tooth 35: Lock bar 41: Engagement claw 44: Handle 50: Drive device 70: Door 100: Shelter housing 120: Opening DR1: First direction DR2: Second direction

Claims (5)

A door that opens inward to open and close the opening provided in the shelter housing, and a door that opens inward.
It is provided with an opening / closing mechanism for rotating the door.
The opening / closing mechanism includes an arc-shaped guide device fixed to the shelter housing, a first direction in a state of being rotatably supported by the door and inscribed in the guide device, and the first direction. A rotating device that rotates in the second direction, which is the opposite direction, a driving device that drives the rotating device, a lock bar that is fixed to the rotating device and rotates synchronously, and the shelter housing. It has a rotation restraint device that is fixed to the body,
When the rotating device rotates in the first direction, the door rotates in the direction of closing the opening, and when the rotating device rotates in the second direction, the door opens. When the door rotates in the direction of opening the portion and the door closes the opening, the lock bar is brought into close contact with the rotation restraining device in a state where a compressive force is applied to the rotating device. A shelter door characterized in that rotation in the first direction is suppressed and the door is brought into close contact with the shelter housing in a state where a compressive force is applied. The shelter door according to claim 1, wherein the guide device is provided with inner peripheral teeth on the inner peripheral portion, and the rotating device is provided with outer peripheral teeth that mesh with the inner peripheral teeth on the outer peripheral portion. .. A ratchet mechanism having an engaging claw that is rotatably fixed to the shelter housing is provided.
2. The second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that when the door closes the opening, the engaging claw and the outer peripheral tooth are engaged with each other to suppress the rotation of the rotating device in the second direction. Described shelter door. The shelter door according to claim 3, wherein the ratchet mechanism has a handle that can be manually operated to release the engagement between the engaging claw and the outer peripheral tooth. The shelter door according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the door is provided with a groove for avoiding contact when the lock bar rotates.

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