TWI769068B - Tool changing mechanism with functions of controlling loosening and broaching - Google Patents

Abstract

A tool changing mechanism with functions of controlling loosening and broaching, comprising: a tool seat housing, a mandrel, a first interlocking component and a second interlocking component, the mandrel is arranged in the accommodating space of the tool seat housing, and There is a chamber inside the mandrel, the mandrel has a keyway opened along the axial direction, one end of the keyway is provided with a first shoulder, and the other end is provided with a pull claw; the first linkage component has a first pull rod, one end of the first pull rod has an external thread, and the other There is a connecting part at one end, and the connecting part is driven by a cylinder; the second linkage assembly has a second pull rod and a pressing head, one end of the second pull rod is provided with an internal thread, the other end is provided with a pressing head, and the second pull rod body is provided with a sliding key , The sliding key is located in the keyway, the outer thread of the first tie rod is screwed with the inner thread of the second tie rod, and the action of fixing the broach or loosening the cutting tool is completed by the relative screw rotation.

Description

Tool changing mechanism with functions of controlling loosening and broaching

The invention relates to a tool changing system of a turning and milling compound tool machine, in particular to a tool changing mechanism with functions of controlling loosening and broaching.

For the conventional loosening and broaching technology of the machine tool spindle, please refer to the improvement of the spindle broaching mechanism provided by the Republic of China Patent No. 574955. When loosening the tool, please refer to the above-mentioned patent No. 2-6. As shown in the figure, when the pneumatic cylinder 15 is activated, the cylinder push block 152 will be pushed downward (as shown in Fig. 3). At this time, the guide pin 23 will push the double force sliding sleeve 25 to move to release the pulling force. When the tool contact block 151 contacts the spindle pull rod 22 and pushes the spindle pull rod 22 , the spindle pull rod 22 will move the clamping claw 27 to exit the shaft hole 213 of the lower section of the spindle 21 , that is, the tool loosening action is achieved.

When the knife is broached, the pneumatic cylinder 15 is pulled back, and the double force sliding sleeve 25 will be pushed up by the restoring force of the butterfly spring 26 to contact the elastic sleeve 28 (as shown in Fig. 5), and the double force sliding sleeve When the 25 continues to move upward, the inclined surfaces 251 and 282 between the top side edge and the inner side wall edge of the top end of the elastic sleeve 28 act to push the elastic sleeve 28 back to the inclined surface 214 at the top of the main shaft 21. The sleeve 28 pushes the pressure ring 24 to move the main shaft pull rod 22 upward, and then uses the main shaft pull rod 22 to move the clamping jaw 27 to retract inside the lower shaft hole 213 to perform broaching action (as shown in Figure 6).

Due to the above-mentioned conventional knife loosening and broaching techniques, the elastic sleeve 28 must be pushed by the restoring force of the disc spring 26, so sufficient space is required to set the disc spring 26, resulting in the loosening and broaching of the knife. The volume of the structure increases, and it is inconvenient to use.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tool changing mechanism with functions of controlling the loosening and broaching, which can reduce the space requirement and further reduce the volume of the tool changing mechanism.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a tool changing mechanism with functions of controlling the loosening and broaching. and located in the accommodating space, a chamber connecting two ends is formed inside the mandrel, a keyway is defined in the middle section of the chamber of the mandrel along its axial direction, and a first shoulder is formed at one end of the chamber at the keyway The other end is pivotally provided with a predetermined number of pulling claws; a first linkage assembly is located in the chamber, the first linkage assembly has a first pull rod, one end of the first pull rod has an external thread, and the other end has a a connecting part, the connecting part can be driven by a cylinder; and a second linking component located in the chamber, the second linking component has a second pull rod and a pressing head, the second pull rod is axially along the mandrel Arrangement, one end of the second pull rod has an internal thread, the other end is provided with the pressing head, the second pull rod body is embedded with a sliding key, the sliding key is corresponding to the keyway of the spindle, the second pull rod through the The inner thread is screwed with the outer thread of the first pull rod, and through the relative screwing rotation, the second pull rod can be moved towards or away from the first pull rod. When the second pull rod is close to the first pull rod When the second pull rod is far away from the first pull rod, the forcing head is away from the pull claws and is in a released tightening state.

Therefore, the present invention provides a tool changing mechanism with functions of controlling the loosening and broaching. The first and second pull rods are screwed and rotated to generate relative movement. The effect is more space-saving, and the volume of the tool changing mechanism can be reduced.

10: Tool changing mechanism

20: Tool holder housing

211: accommodating space

30: Mandrel

31: Chamber

33: Keyway

35: First shoulder

40: The first linkage component

41: The first lever

42: Spacer

43: External thread

44: Thrust spacer

45: Connection part

451: Outer hexagon end

46: Bearings

47: Disc spring

49: Second Shoulder

50: Second linkage component

51: Second lever

53: Pull Claw

55: Internal thread

56: Slide key

58: Press the head

100: Cylinder

101: Hexagon socket

103: Servo motor

105: Spindle motor

106: Right-handed bevel gear

107: Left-handed bevel gear

110: Knives

112: knife holder

S: Margin space

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 4 is an action diagram (1) of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an action diagram (2) of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a first use state diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, showing the state in which the tool changing mechanism is connected to the servo motor.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 7-7 of FIG. 6 .

FIG. 8 is a second use state diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, showing the state in which the tool changing mechanism is connected to the spindle motor.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 9-9 of FIG. 8 .

In order to describe the technical features of the present invention in detail, the following preferred embodiment is given and described in conjunction with the drawings as follows, wherein: as shown in Figures 1-3, the first preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a The tool changing mechanism 10 for knife and broach functions is mainly composed of a knife seat shell 20, a mandrel 30, a first linkage assembly 40 and a second linkage assembly 50, wherein: the knife seat shell 20 has a accommodating space 211 .

The mandrel 30 is installed in the tool holder housing 20 and located in the accommodating space 211 . A chamber 31 is formed inside the mandrel 30 which communicates with two ends. The middle section of the chamber 31 of the mandrel 30 is along the axis Axial opening with A keyway 33, the cavity 31 is located at one end of the keyway 33 to form a first shoulder 35, and the other end is pivoted with a predetermined number of pulling claws 53, the pulling claws 53 are used to hold the fixed cutting tool 110. Tool holder 112 .

The first linkage assembly 40 is located in the chamber 31 , and the first linkage assembly 40 has a first pull rod 41 , one end of the first pull rod 41 has an external thread 43 , the other end has a connecting portion 45 , and the connecting portion is connected to the first pull rod 41 . 45 and the external thread 43 are provided with a second shoulder, wherein the connecting portion 45 can be driven by a cylinder 100 (as shown in FIG. 6 ), and its outermost side has an outer hexagonal end 451, the outer hexagonal end 451 A hexagonal socket 101 that can be provided with the cylinder 100 is sleeved.

The first linkage assembly 40 has a spacer ring 42 , a thrust spacer ring 44 , a bearing 46 and a disc spring 47 , and the spacer ring 42 is located between the first shoulder 35 and the disc spring 47 , the thrust spacer 44 is located between the disc spring 47 and the bearing 46 , the disc spring 47 is sleeved on the first pull rod 41 and directly abuts against the first shoulder 35 and the second shoulder When the disc spring 47 is in a compressed state, the second shoulder 49 and the end edge of the mandrel 30 form a margin S (as shown in FIG. 3 ).

The second linkage assembly 50 is located in the chamber 31 . The second linkage assembly 50 has a second pull rod 51 and a pressing head 58 , the second pull rod 51 is axially disposed along the mandrel 30 , and one end of the second pull rod 51 There is an inner thread 55, and the other end is connected to the pressing head 58. A sliding key 56 is embedded in the shaft of the second pull rod 51. The sliding key 56 corresponds to the key groove 33 of the spindle 30. The inner thread 55 is screwed with the outer thread 43 of the first pull rod 41 , and the second pull rod 51 can be urged to move closer or farther with respect to the first pull rod 41 through the relative screwing rotation. When the first pull rod 41 rotates in place, the second pull rod 51 will move close to the first pull rod 41 , and at the same time force the pressing head 58 to approach the pull claw 53 located in the cavity 31 of the spindle 30 , thereby showing In the pressing state (as shown in FIG. 3 ), the tool 110 for turning or milling can be fixed. On the contrary, when the second pulling rod 51 is away from the first pulling rod 41 , the pressing head 58 is away from the pulling claws 53 . Shows the state of releasing the pressing (as shown in Figure 5), and can replace the cutting tool 110. Since the urging head 58 drives the pulling claws 53 to compress or release the tool seat 112 of the cutting tool 110, the structure is conventional, and will not be described in detail here.

The above is the component structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the following are descriptions of two preferred usage modes of a preferred embodiment of the present invention on a composite processing machine.

Please refer to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , the first use method of the present invention is to cooperate with a servo motor 103. When the tool changing mechanism 10 of the present invention executes a broach to fix the tool 110, the air cylinder 100 is actuated to push the inner The hexagonal sleeve 101 is connected to the outer hexagonal end 451 of the first pull rod 41 , and then the first pull rod 41 is driven to rotate synchronously by the forward rotation of the servo motor 103 . 5), the disc spring 47 is in a released state, and the margin space S is not present at this time, and the sliding key 56 of the second pull rod 51 is restricted by the key groove 33 of the mandrel 30, It can only move along the long axis of the mandrel 30 , that is, when the servo motor 103 rotates in the forward direction to push the second pull rod 51 to move toward the direction close to the first pull rod 41 , the pressing head 58 will be pushed Form a tight state with the pulling claws 53 (changed from the state of FIG. 5 to the state of FIG. 4 ), thereby achieving the effect of a broach; then, the servo motor 103 will continue to drive the first pull rod 41 to rotate, because at this time the The pressing head 58 and the pulling claws 53 are already in a tight state, so the second pulling rod 51 will not move any more, so that the first pulling rod 41 will start to move along the mandrel 30 toward the second pulling rod 51 . The direction moves (changed from FIG. 4 to the state of FIG. 3 ), and the disc spring 47 will be compressed until the disc spring 47 is completely compressed, the servo motor 103 stops rotating, and the cylinder 100 sets the hexagon socket When the cylinder 101 is separated from the outer hexagonal end 451 of the connecting portion 45 , the action of fixing the cutting tool 110 by broaching the tool changing mechanism 10 of the present invention is completed.

When the tool changing mechanism 10 of the present invention wants to loosen the tool to remove the previously fixed cutting tool 110, the air cylinder 100 is also actuated to push the inner hexagonal sleeve 101 to connect to the outer hexagonal end 451 of the first pull rod 41. Then, the first pull rod 41 is driven to rotate by the reverse rotation of the servo motor 103. In the rear section of the knife mechanism 10 in the broaching state (as shown in FIG. 3 ), the disc spring 47 is compressed to form the margin space S, so the first pull rod 41 will begin to move away from the The direction of the second pull rod 51 moves (changed from FIG. 3 to the state of FIG. 4 ), and the disc spring 47 will be released until the disc spring 47 is completely released and fills the margin space S, the first The pull rod 41 will not move any more. At this time, since the servo motor 103 continues to drive the first pull rod 41 to rotate, the second pull rod 51 will start to move away from the first pull rod 41 (change from FIG. 4 to FIG. 5 ). state), the pressing head 58 and the pulling claws 53 are released from the pressing state, that is, the tool changing mechanism 10 of the present invention releases the tool to remove the cutting tool 110 and completes the tool loosening procedure of turning or milling.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a tool changing mechanism 10 with functions of controlling tool loosening and broaching. The first pull rod 41 has an external thread 43 , the second pull rod 51 has an internal thread 55 , and has the disc type. The technical characteristics of the spring 47 and the margin space S make the present invention in the broaching state, without a slight external force, the second tie rod 51 will not be displaced and the knife will be loosened, and the knife can be lifted by the present invention. The stability of the seat 112.

And, the present invention provides a tool changing mechanism 10 with functions of controlling tool loosening and broaching. By the first pull rod 41 having the external thread 43 and the second pull rod 51 having the internal thread 55 for screwing and rotating, the The first and second tie rods 41 and 51 move relative to each other, which saves space and reduces the volume of the tool changing mechanism 10 compared to the prior art only using disc springs to provide the effect of movement.

Please refer to FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 again, the second method of the present invention is to directly cooperate with a spindle motor 105 without the servo motor 103, and the spindle motor 105 is connected with a right-handed bevel gear 106 and a The left-handed bevel gear 107 is sleeved on the spindle 30. When the tool changing mechanism 10 of the present invention executes the broach to fix the cutting tool 110, the air cylinder 100 is actuated to push the inner hexagon socket 101 to connect to the first The outer hexagonal end 451 of the pull rod 41, and then the right-handed bevel gear is driven by the forward rotation of the spindle motor 105 106 and the left-handed bevel gear 107 rotate, and then drive the spindle 30 to rotate. Since the tool changing mechanism 10 is in the release state (as shown in FIG. 5 ), the disc spring 47 is in the released state, and there is no The margin space S is present, and the sliding key 56 of the second pull rod 51 can only move along the long axis of the spindle 30 because it is restricted by the keyway 33 of the spindle 30, that is, when the spindle motor 105 When the second pull rod 51 is moved in a direction close to the first pull rod 41 by forward rotation, the pressing head 58 and the pull claws 53 will be forced to form a tight state (change from FIG. 5 to the state of FIG. 4 ) , thereby achieving the effect of a broach; then, the spindle motor 105 will continue to drive the second pull rod 51 to rotate. 51 will not move any more, so that the first pull rod 41 will start to move along the mandrel 30 away from the second pull rod 51 and compress the disc spring 47 (changed from the state of FIG. 4 to FIG. 3 ). When The disc spring 47 is completely compressed, the spindle motor 105 stops rotating, and the cylinder 100 separates the inner hexagonal sleeve 101 from the outer hexagonal end 451 of the connecting portion 45, thus completing the broach fixing of the tool changing mechanism 10 of the present invention Action of the cutting tool 110 .

When the tool changing mechanism 10 of the present invention wants to loosen the tool to remove the previously fixed cutting tool 110 , the air cylinder 100 is actuated again to push the hexagonal socket 101 when the second method of use of the present invention is used to release the tool. The outer hexagonal end 451 of the first pull rod 41 is connected, and the right-handed bevel gear 106 and the left-handed bevel gear 107 are driven by the spindle motor 105 to rotate in reverse, thereby driving the spindle 30 to rotate. In the rear section of the broaching state (as shown in FIG. 3 ), the disc spring 47 is compressed to have the margin space S, so the first pull rod 41 will begin to move away from the second pull rod along the mandrel 30 . 51 (change from FIG. 3 to the state of FIG. 4 ), and the disc spring 47 will be opened and released, until the disc spring 47 is completely released and fills the margin space S, the first pull rod 41 does not will move again. At this time, since the spindle motor 105 continues to drive the second pull rod 51 to rotate, the second pull rod 51 will start to move away from the first pull rod. The direction of the rod 41 moves (changed from the state of FIG. 4 to the state of FIG. 5 ), so that the pressing head 58 and the pulling claws 53 are released from the pressing state, that is, the process of loosening the tool and removing the cutting tool 110 of the tool changing mechanism 10 of the present invention is completed. action.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a tool changing mechanism with functions of controlling tool loosening and broaching, which can be completed by directly driving the second pulling rod 51 to rotate by the spindle motor 105 without the servo motor 103 . The action of the tool changing mechanism 10 of the present invention to broach the tool to fix or loosen the tool to remove the cutting tool 110 can effectively save costs and improve convenience.

The rest of the effects of the present invention that can be achieved are generally the same as those of the first use mode, so they will not be repeated.

10: Tool changing mechanism

20: Tool holder housing

211: accommodating space

30: Mandrel

31: Chamber

33: Keyway

35: First shoulder

40: The first linkage component

41: The first lever

42: Spacer

43: External thread

44: Thrust spacer

45: Connection part

451: Outer hexagon end

46: Bearings

47: Disc spring

49: Second Shoulder

50: Second linkage component

51: Second lever

53: Pull Claw

55: Internal thread

56: Slide key

58: Press the head

106: Right-handed bevel gear

107: Left-handed bevel gear

110: Knives

Claims (3)

A tool changing mechanism with functions of controlling loosening and broaching, comprising: a knife seat shell with an accommodating space inside; A mandrel is installed in the housing of the tool holder and located in the accommodating space. A cavity is formed inside the mandrel which communicates with the two ends. A keyway is defined in the middle section of the cavity of the mandrel along its axial direction. One end of the chamber located in the keyway is formed with a first shoulder, and the other end is pivotally provided with a predetermined number of pulling claws; a first linkage assembly located in the chamber, the first linkage assembly has a first pull rod, one end of the first pull rod has an external thread, the other end has a connecting part, the connecting part can be driven by a cylinder; and A second linkage assembly located in the chamber, the second linkage assembly has a second pull rod and a pressing head, the second pull rod is axially disposed along the mandrel, one end of the second pull rod has an internal thread, the other end With the pressing head, a sliding key is embedded in the second tie rod body, the sliding key is corresponding to the keyway of the mandrel, the second tie rod is screwed to the outer thread of the first tie rod through the inner thread, and the By the relative screwing rotation, the second pull rod can be moved towards or away from the first pull rod. When the second pull rod is close to the first pull rod, the pressing head is close to the pull claws to present a pressing force. In the tight state, when the second pull rod is away from the first pull rod, the pressing head is away from the pull claws and is in a released tight state. According to the tool changing mechanism with the functions of controlling the loosening and broaching according to the first item of the scope of the application, wherein: the first linkage component has a disc spring, the disc spring is sleeved on the first pull rod, the first pull rod There is a second shoulder, the disc spring directly or indirectly abuts the first shoulder and the second shoulder, when the disc spring is compressed, the second shoulder and the end edge of the mandrel form a margin degree space. According to item 2 of the patent application scope, the tool changing mechanism with functions of controlling the loosening and broaching, wherein: the first linkage component further includes a spacer ring, a thrust spacer ring and a bearing, and the spacer ring is located in the first Between the shoulder and the disc spring, the thrust spacer is located between the disc spring and the bearing, and the disc spring presses against the first shoulder and the second shoulder in an indirect manner.

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