TW202308782A - Tool change mechanism with function for controlling tool releasing and broaching for reducing volume of tool change mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

A tool change mechanism with function for controlling tool releasing and clamping comprises: a tool holder shell, a mandrel, a first linkage assembly, and a second linkage assembly. The mandrel is disposed in a receiving space of the tool holder shell and has a chamber inside. The mandrel is provided with a keyway defined along the axial direction. One end of the keyway is provided with a first shoulder, and the other end is configured with a claw. The first linkage assembly has a first pull rod, wherein one end of the first pull rod is provided with external threads, and the other end has a connecting portion, and the connecting portion is driven by a pneumatic cylinder. The second linkage assembly has a second pull rod and a press head, wherein one end of the second pull rod is provided with internal threads, and the other end is configured with a press head. The stem of the second pull rod is configured with a sliding key and the sliding key is located in the keyway. The external threads of the first pull rod are screwed with the internal threads of the second pull rod. By the relative screwing and rotating, the invention may operate the tool operations of tool releasing and fastening or tool releasing to be removed.

Description

Tool changing mechanism with the function of controlling the release and broaching of the tool

The invention is related to the tool changing system of the turning and milling compound tool machine, in particular to a tool changing mechanism with the functions of controlling the loosening and broaching of the tool.

Regarding the loosening and broaching technology of the conventional machine tool spindle, please refer to the improvement of a spindle broaching mechanism provided by Patent No. 574955 of the Republic of China. When this patent releases the knife, please refer to the above-mentioned patent No. 2-6. As shown, when the pneumatic cylinder 15 is started, the cylinder push block 152 will be pushed down (as shown in Figure 3), and at this time, the guide pin 23 will push the double-force sliding sleeve 25 to move to release the tension. When the pneumatic cylinder 15 is opened When the tool bumper 151 contacts the main shaft pull rod 22 and pushes the main shaft pull rod 22, the main shaft pull rod 22 will move the clamping claw 27 out of the shaft hole 213 in the lower section of the main shaft 21 to achieve the tool release action.

When drawing a knife, the pneumatic cylinder 15 is pulled back, and the double-force sliding sleeve 25 will move upwards to contact the elastic bundle sleeve 28 (as shown in Figure 5) under the action of the restoring force of the butterfly spring 26, and the double-force sliding sleeve When 25 continues to move upwards, the inclined surfaces 251, 282 between the top side edge and the inner wall edge of the top end of the elastic bundle sleeve 28 act, and the elastic bundle sleeve 28 is pushed back to the inclined surface 214 positioned at the top of the main shaft 21, and at the same time, the elastic bundle The sleeve 28 pushes the pressure ring 24 to move the main shaft pull rod 22 up, and then the main shaft pull rod 22 moves the clamping jaw 27 to retract inside the lower shaft hole 213 to perform the broaching action (as shown in Figure 6).

Due to the above-mentioned conventional loosening and broaching techniques, the elastic bundle sleeve 28 must be moved by the restoring force of the disc spring 26, so enough space is needed to arrange the disc spring 26, resulting in an increase in the volume of the loosening and broaching mechanism. It is not convenient to use.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tool changing mechanism with the function of controlling the loosening and pulling of the tool, which can reduce the space requirement and further reduce the volume of the tool changing mechanism.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a tool changing mechanism with the function of controlling the loosening and broaching of the tool, which includes: a tool holder housing with an accommodating space inside; a mandrel arranged in the tool holder housing, And located in the accommodating space, a chamber connecting the two ends is formed inside the mandrel, a keyway is opened in the middle section of the chamber of the mandrel along its axial direction, and a first shoulder is formed at one end of the chamber located at the keyway The other end is pivoted with a predetermined number of pull claws; a first linkage assembly is located in the chamber, the first linkage assembly has a first pull rod, one end of the first pull rod has an external thread, and the other end has a a connecting part, the connecting part can be driven by a cylinder; and a second linkage assembly, located in the chamber, the second linkage assembly has a second pull rod and a pressing head, the second pull rod is axially along the mandrel Set, one end of the second pull rod has an internal thread, the other end is provided with the pressing head, a slide key is embedded in the body of the second pull rod, and the slide key is corresponding to the keyway of the mandrel, and the second pull rod is connected by the The internal thread is screwed to the external thread of the first pull rod, and by relative screwing and rotation, the second pull rod can be moved closer or farther away from the first pull rod. When the second pull rod is close to the first pull rod As for the pull rod, the pressing head is close to the pulling claws and presents a tightened state, and when the second pulling rod is far away from the first pulling rod, the pressing head is far away from the pulling claws and is in an untightened state.

In this way, the present invention provides a tool changing mechanism with the function of controlling the loosening and broaching of the tool. The first and second pull rods are screwed and rotated to generate relative movement. The effect is more space-saving, and the volume of the tool changing mechanism can be reduced.

In order to describe the technical characteristics of the present invention in detail, the following preferred embodiment is given below and described in conjunction with the drawings, wherein:

As shown in Figures 1-3, the first preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a tool changing mechanism 10 with the function of controlling the release and broaching of the tool, mainly consisting of a tool seat housing 20, a spindle 30, and a first linkage assembly 40 and a second linkage assembly 50, wherein:

The tool holder housing 20 has an accommodating space 21 inside.

The mandrel 30 is set on the tool seat housing 20 and is located in the accommodating space 21. A chamber 31 connecting the two ends is formed inside the mandrel 30. The middle section of the chamber 31 of the mandrel 30 is along the shaft. A keyway 33 is provided in the axial direction, and the cavity 31 is located at one end of the keyway 33 to form a first shoulder 35, and the other end is pivotally provided with a predetermined number of pull claws 53, and these pull claws 53 are used to hold and fix the cutting blade. The knife seat 112 of the knife 110 .

The first linkage assembly 40 is located in the chamber 31, the first linkage assembly 40 has a first pull rod 41, one end of the first pull rod 41 has an external thread 43, and the other end has a connecting portion 45, and the connecting portion 45 and the external thread 43 are provided with a second shoulder, wherein the connecting portion 45 can be driven by a cylinder 100 (as shown in Figure 6), and its outermost side has an external hexagonal end 451, the external hexagonal end 451 An inner hexagon socket 101 provided on the cylinder 100 can be socketed.

The first linkage assembly 40 further has a spacer 42, a thrust spacer 44, a bearing 46 and a disc spring 47, the spacer 42 is located between the first shoulder 35 and the disc spring 47 , the thrust spacer 44 is located between the disk spring 47 and the bearing 46, the disk spring 47 is sleeved on the first pull rod 41, and indirectly abuts the first shoulder 35 and the second shoulder When the disc spring 47 is compressed, the second shoulder 49 and the edge of the spindle 30 form a margin space S (as shown in FIG. 3 ).

The second linkage assembly 50 is located in the chamber 31. The second linkage assembly 50 has a second pull rod 51 and a pressing head 58. The second pull rod 51 is arranged axially along the mandrel 30. One end of the second pull rod 51 There is an internal thread 55, and the other end is connected to the pressing head 58. A sliding key 56 is embedded in the shaft of the second pull rod 51, and the sliding key 56 is corresponding to the keyway 33 of the spindle 30. The second pull rod 51 is connected by The internal thread 55 is screwed to the external thread 43 of the first pull rod 41, and by relative screwing rotation, the second pull rod 51 can be moved closer or farther away from the first pull rod 41, that is, when the When the first pull rod 41 rotates in situ, the second pull rod 51 will move closer to the first pull rod 41, and at the same time force the pressing head 58 to approach the pull claw 53 located in the chamber 31 of the mandrel 30, thereby presenting a In the tight state (as shown in FIG. 3 ), the tool 110 for fixing the turning pin or milling can be used. On the contrary, when the second pull rod 51 is far away from the first pull rod 41, the pressing head 58 is far away from the pull jaws 53 And present the state (as shown in Figure 5) that releases tightness, can be used to replace and cut this cutting tool 110, because the pressing head 58 drives these pulling claws 53 tight or loosen the knife seat 112 of cutting tool 110 here The structure is conventionally known and will not be described in detail here.

The above is the component structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the following are descriptions of two preferred ways of using a preferred embodiment of the present invention on a composite processing machine.

Please refer to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the first use mode of the present invention is to use with a servo motor 103, when the tool changing mechanism 10 of the present invention executes broaching to fix the tool 110, the cylinder 100 is actuated to push the inner The hexagonal sleeve 101 is connected to the outer hexagonal end 451 of the first pull rod 41, and then the servo motor 103 forwardly rotates to drive the first pull rod 41 to rotate synchronously. Shown in Fig. 5), the disc spring 47 is in the release state, and the margin space S is not present at this moment, and the sliding key 56 of the second pull rod 51 is restricted by the keyway 33 of the spindle 30, It can only move along the long axis of the mandrel 30, that is, when the servo motor 103 rotates forward to impel the second pull rod 51 to move in a direction close to the first pull rod 41, the pressing head 58 will be impelled. Form an urgent state with the pull claws 53 (change from FIG. 5 to the state of FIG. 4), thereby achieving the effect of the broach; then, the servo motor 103 will continue to drive the first pull rod 41 to rotate, because the The pressing head 58 and the pulling claws 53 have been in a tight state, so the second pull rod 51 will not move any more, and the first pull rod 41 will begin to move along the mandrel 30 toward the 51 of the second pull rod. Direction movement (change from Fig. 4 to the state of Fig. 3), and the disc spring 47 will be compressed, until the disc spring 47 is completely compressed, the servo motor 103 will stop rotating, and the cylinder 100 will put the inner hexagonal sleeve When the barrel 101 is separated from the hexagonal end 451 of the connecting portion 45, the action of broaching and fixing the cutting tool 110 of the tool changing mechanism 10 of the present invention is completed.

And when the tool changing mechanism 10 of the present invention wants to loosen the tool and take off the originally fixed cutting tool 110, the cylinder 100 is also operated again to push the inner hexagonal sleeve 101 to connect the outer hexagonal end 451 of the first pull rod 41, Then, the reverse rotation of the servo motor 103 drives the first pull rod 41 to rotate. Since the tool changing mechanism 10 is in the rear section (as shown in FIG. 3 ) when the tool is in the broaching state, the disc spring 47 is compressed to form the The margin space S, so the first pull rod 41 will start to move along the mandrel 30 to the direction away from the 51 of the second pull rod (change from FIG. 3 to the state of FIG. 4), and the disc spring 47 will be released , until the disc spring 47 is completely released and fills up the margin space S, the first pull rod 41 will not move again, at this time, since the servo motor 103 continues to drive the first pull rod 41 to rotate, it will impel the second pull rod 41 to rotate. The pull rod 51 begins to move away from the first pull rod 41 (as shown in Figure 4 to the state shown in Figure 5 ), prompting the pressing head 58 and the pull claws 53 to release the tight state, that is, the tool changing mechanism 10 of the present invention is completed. Loosen the tool and remove the cutting tool 110 as a turning pin or a milling tool loosening program.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a tool changing mechanism 10 with the function of controlling the loosening and broaching of the tool. The first pull rod 41 has the external thread 43, the second pull rod 51 has the internal thread 55, and has the disc-shaped The technical characteristics of the spring 47 and the margin space S make the present invention in the broaching state, without a slight external force, the second pull rod 51 will not be displaced and the situation of loosening the knife will occur, which can improve the holding knife of the present invention. The stability of seat 112.

And, the tool change mechanism 10 provided by the present invention has the function of controlling the loosening and broaching of the tool. The first pull rod 41 has the external thread 43 and the second pull rod 51 has the internal thread 55. The first and second pull rods 31 , 41 generate relative movement, which saves more space and reduces the volume of the tool changing mechanism 10 , compared to the prior art where only disc springs are used to provide the moving effect.

Please refer to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 again, the second mode of the present invention is to directly cooperate with a spindle motor 105 without the servo motor 103, and the spindle motor 105 is connected with a right-handed bevel gear 106 and a A left-handed bevel gear 107, the left-handed bevel gear 107 is socketed on the mandrel 30, when the tool change mechanism 10 of the present invention implements broaching to fix the cutting tool 110, the cylinder 100 acts to push the inner hexagonal sleeve 101 to connect the first The outer hexagonal end 451 of the pull rod 41 is rotated forwardly by the spindle motor 105 to drive the right-handed bevel gear 106 and the left-handed bevel gear 107 to rotate, and then to drive the spindle 30 to rotate. When (as shown in Figure 5), the disc spring 47 is in a released state, and the margin space S does not appear at this time, and the sliding key 56 of the second pull rod 51 is locked by the keyway 33 of the spindle 30 restricted, and can only move along the long axis of the spindle 30, that is, when the spindle motor 105 rotates forward to impel the second pull rod 51 to move toward the direction close to the first pull rod 41, the pressing The head 58 and the pull claws 53 form a tight state (change from Fig. 5 to the state of Fig. 4 ), thereby becoming the effect of a broach; then, the spindle motor 105 will continue to drive the second pull rod 51 to rotate, due to this At this time, the pressing head 58 and the pulling claws 53 are already in a tight state, so the second pulling rod 51 will not move again, and the first pulling rod 41 will start to move away from the second pulling rod 51 along the mandrel 30 direction to move and compress the disk spring 47 (change from Figure 4 to the state of Figure 3), when the disk spring 47 is fully compressed, the spindle motor 105 stops rotating, and the cylinder 100 the inner hexagonal sleeve 101 disengages from the outer hexagonal end 451 of the connecting portion 45, which completes the action of broaching and fixing the cutting tool 110 of the tool changing mechanism 10 of the present invention.

And when the tool changing mechanism 10 of the present invention is to loosen the knife and take off the originally fixed cutting tool 110, when the second mode of use of the present invention is also used to perform the knife loosening, the cylinder 100 is activated again to push the inner hexagonal sleeve 101 Connect the outer hexagonal end 451 of the first pull rod 41, drive the right-handed bevel gear 106 and the left-handed bevel gear 107 by the spindle motor 105 in reverse rotation, and then drive the spindle 30 to rotate. In the rear section (as shown in FIG. 3 ) of the broach state, the disc spring 47 is compressed to form the margin space S, so the first pull rod 41 will begin to move away from the second pull rod along the mandrel 30 51 (change to the state of FIG. 4 from FIG. 3 ), and the disc spring 47 will be released until the disc spring 47 is fully released and fills up the margin space S, and the first pull rod 41 will not Can move again, at this moment, because this spindle motor 105 continues to drive this second pull rod 51 to rotate, will impel this second pull rod 51 to begin to move toward the direction away from this first pull rod 41 (change to the state of Fig. 5 as shown in Figure 4) , to impel the pressing head 58 and the pulling claws 53 to release the tight state, that is, to complete the action of releasing the tool changing mechanism 10 of the present invention and taking off the cutting tool 110 .

Accordingly, the present invention provides a tool change mechanism with the function of controlling tool release and broaching, which can be completed without the servo motor 103 by directly driving the second pull rod 51 to rotate with the spindle motor 105 The actions of the tool changing mechanism 10 of the present invention to fix the tool or loosen the tool to remove the cutting tool 110 can effectively save costs and improve convenience.

The rest of the effects that can be achieved by the present invention are generally the same as those of the first use mode, so they will not be repeated here.

10: Tool changing mechanism 20: Knife holder shell 21:Accommodating space 30: Mandrel 31: chamber 33: keyway 35: First shoulder 40: The first linkage component 41: The first tie rod 42: spacer ring 43: external thread 44: Thrust spacer 45: Connecting part 451: Outer hexagon end 46: Bearing 47: disc spring 49: Second shoulder 50: The second linkage component 51: Second tie rod 53: claw 55: internal thread 56: Slide key 58: Press head 100: Cylinder 101: Inner hexagon socket 103:Servo motor 105: Spindle motor 106: right-handed bevel gear 107: left-handed bevel gear 110: Knife 112: Knife seat S: margin space

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is an exploded view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view along line 3-3 in Fig. 1 . Fig. 4 is an action diagram (1) of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is an action diagram (2) of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a diagram of the first use state of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, showing the state of the tool changing mechanism connected to the servo motor. Fig. 7 is a sectional view along line 7-7 of Fig. 6 . Fig. 8 is a diagram of the second use state of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, showing the state of the tool changing mechanism connected to the spindle motor. Fig. 9 is a sectional view along line 9-9 of Fig. 8 .

10: Tool changing mechanism

20: Knife holder shell

21:Accommodating space

30: mandrel

31: chamber

33: keyway

35: First shoulder

40: The first linkage component

41: The first tie rod

42: spacer ring

43: external thread

44: Thrust spacer

45: Connecting part

451: Outer hexagon end

46: Bearing

47: disc spring

49: Second shoulder

50: The second linkage component

51: Second tie rod

53: claw

55: internal thread

56: Slide key

58: Press head

106: right-handed bevel gear

107: left-handed bevel gear

110: Knife seat

Claims (3)

A tool changing mechanism with the function of controlling tool release and broaching, which includes: A tool holder housing with an accommodating space inside; A mandrel is arranged on the housing of the tool holder and is located in the accommodating space. A cavity connecting the two ends is formed inside the mandrel. One end of the chamber located at the keyway forms a first shoulder, and the other end is pivotally provided with a predetermined number of pull claws; a first linkage assembly located in the chamber, the first linkage assembly has a first pull rod, one end of the first pull rod has an external thread, and the other end has a connecting portion, and the connecting portion can be driven by a cylinder; and A second linkage assembly located in the chamber, the second linkage assembly has a second pull rod and a pressing head, the second pull rod is arranged axially along the mandrel, one end of the second pull rod has an internal thread, and the other end The pressing head is provided, and a sliding key is embedded in the shaft of the second pull rod, and the sliding key is corresponding to the keyway of the mandrel. The second pull rod is screwed to the external thread of the first pull rod by the internal thread, and By the relative screwing and rotation, the second pull rod can be moved closer or farther away from the first pull rod. When the second pull rod is close to the first pull rod, the pressing head is close to the pulling claws to present a force. In the tightened state, when the second pull rod is far away from the first pull rod, the pressing head is far away from the pull claws to be in the released tight state. According to the tool change mechanism with the function of controlling the release and broaching of the knife according to the first item of the scope of patent application, wherein: the first linkage component has a disk spring, and the disk spring is sleeved on the first pull rod, and the first pull rod There is a second shoulder, and the disc spring directly or indirectly bears against the first shoulder and the second shoulder. When the disc spring is compressed, the second shoulder forms a margin with the end edge of the mandrel. degrees of space. According to the tool change mechanism with the function of controlling loosening and broaching according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein: the first linkage assembly further has a spacer ring, a thrust spacer ring and a bearing, and the spacer ring is located on the first Between the shoulder and the disc spring, the thrust spacer is located between the disc spring and the bearing, and the disc spring resists the first shoulder and the second shoulder indirectly.

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