TWI768256B - 摻雜型金屬氧化物薄膜的製作方法 - Google Patents
摻雜型金屬氧化物薄膜的製作方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000007297 Gaultheria procumbens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000333569 Pyrola minor Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- OSWPMRLSEDHDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl salicylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O OSWPMRLSEDHDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一種摻雜型金屬氧化物薄膜的製作方法包括以下步驟。首先,提供一基板。其次,使用電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術來控制所需摻雜的金屬離子薄膜,並整合電弧電漿薄膜製程或物理氣相沉積 薄膜製程,於該基板上形成金屬氧化物薄膜。本發明於單一製程中完成金屬氧化物及化合物之本質摻雜功用,且可使用於無需中斷 真空之連續製程製造功能性組件,應用於現有電致變色或鋰電池等電化學元件之薄膜製程。
Description
本發明係有關於一種離子薄膜摻雜技術,特別是有關於一種摻雜型金屬氧化物薄膜的製作方法。
近年來全球溫室效應嚴重,如何善用薄膜製程達成儲能與節能已是世界各國主要能源政策之一。現代建築上,玻璃已被廣泛應用,當大量應用於建築及交通工具時會產生高溫,如何避免此缺點是節能的重點之一。目前各種隔熱節能裝置中,智慧窗(Smart Window)可根據使用者在照明、溫度的需求,依舒適程度主動調整可見光及熱輻射的穿透率,因此此裝置在未來節能建築發展上極具市場潛力。根據國際研調公司nanomarket 2013年的統計,全球智慧窗市場於2020年將有56億美元的規模。其中,電致變色屬於低耗能之電化學元件,所以適合於節能建築。此外,電致變色元件未來更具有許多新穎應用的可能,如節能型電子標籤及應用於輕薄型智慧裝置之相機光圈等相關應用。
此外,儲能電池亦是另一電化學元件,日常生活從智慧手機、相機等,日常機器到汽車及工業設備都需要使用二次電池。
根據市調公司IDTechEx發佈的報告顯示,單就薄膜電池而言,將於2026年前成長到4.71億美元的市場規模。其中,物聯網(IOT)、可穿戴裝置及環境感測器都需要新的設計理念,而這是傳統電池技術無法提供的。根據另一家市場研調公司WinterGreen Research於2015年的研究指出,隨著技術的改進及製造成本的降低,固態薄膜電池的產值將於2014年900萬美元市場規模,於2021年快速增長到13億美元。因此應用新型二次電池的領域還會繼續增加,市場規模還會繼續擴大。另外,新一代二次電池的用途涉及手機、電腦、IC卡等小型消費類電子產品,及運輸載具的電動汽車、住宅用儲電系統、智慧電網等大型工業設備領域,目前國內外廠商多以研發鋰離子電池為主,且專利皆已完成布局,可突破點不多,而全固態薄膜電池,由於高門檻的鍍膜技術以及薄膜鍍膜速率偏低,導致成本無法降到理想值。
現今常見之電化學元件產品因採用金屬氧化物為主體,往往在鍍膜製程上遭遇磁控電漿鍍膜速率偏低無法量產的瓶頸。再加上製程中通常需要於金屬氧化物薄膜摻雜功能型金屬離子來製作電化學元件。製程中藉由外部注入的方式達成功能型金屬離子功用通常伴隨製程成本增加以及元件製作上的不穩定性。另一方面由靶材製作時直接引入低熔點金屬摻雜更易造成靶材本身的不穩定性及增加製作靶材的困難度,而且在鍍膜製程上也易受到低鍍膜速率的限制。
由於上述電化學元件的製作上需要一系列的磁控濺鍍薄膜製程,生產成本較為昂貴,以至於現今仍不普及。為解決上述問題,因此須要於單一製程中完成金屬氧化物及化合物之本質摻雜功用,應用於現有電致變色或鋰電池等電化學元件之薄膜製程,有效降低電化學元件之生產成本及提升元件性能。
本發明之目的是提供一種摻雜型金屬氧化物薄膜的製作方法,在電容脈衝式電弧電漿之可調控型金屬,如鋰Li、銦In、鉍Bi、鎂Mg、鋁Al、鎳Ni、鈦Ti、鉻Cr、鉬Mo、鉭Ta、鐵Fe、鎢W、鋯Zr、鈮Nb、錳Mn、鈷Co、銅Cu、銀Ag、金Au、鋅Zn、錫Sn或碳C離子薄膜之摻雜技術。
本發明為達成上述目的提供一種摻雜型金屬氧化物薄膜的製作方法,包括以下步驟,首先,提供一基板。其次,使用電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術來控制所需摻雜的金屬離子薄膜,並整合電弧電漿薄膜製程或物理氣相沉積薄膜製程,於該基板上形成金屬氧化物薄膜。
本發明為達成上述目的更提供一種電化學元件的製作方法,包括以下步驟,首先,提供一導電基板。其次,使用電弧電漿鍍膜製程整合電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術,於該導電基板上形成一摻雜型金屬氧化物之陽極薄膜。其次,使用電弧電漿鍍膜製程整合電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術,於該陽極薄膜上形成一摻雜型金屬氧
化物之離子傳導層。其次,使用電弧電漿鍍膜製程整合電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術,於該離子傳導層上形成一摻雜型金屬氧化物之陰極薄膜。最後,使用電弧電漿鍍膜製程整合電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術,或使用電鍍製程或塗佈製程,於該陰極薄膜上形成一摻雜型金屬氧化物之導電電極。
與習知之金屬氧化物薄膜的製作方法比較,本發明具有以下優點:
1.藉由電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術來調控摻雜時所需的金屬,如鋰Li、銦In、鉍Bi、鎂Mg、鋁Al、鎳Ni、鈦Ti、鉻Cr、鉬Mo、鉭Ta、鐵Fe、鎢W、鋯Zr、鈮Nb、錳Mn、鈷Co、銅Cu、銀Ag、金Au、鋅Zn、錫Sn或碳C離子薄膜,於單一製程直接完成金屬氧化物及化合物之本質摻雜需求,可有效控制鍍膜品質。
2.可整合現有之電弧電漿薄膜製程或磁控濺鍍薄膜製程,完成金屬氧化物及化合物之本質摻雜需求。
3.可使用於批次爐及連續鍍膜製程,以降低電化學元件生產成本。
4.目前之摻雜方法只能於原鍍膜表面進行金屬鍍膜或注入,再使用後續之熱能或電能進行擴散,而無法作連續及可調比重之元素摻雜。運用電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術可於電弧或物理氣相沉積薄膜製程中有效掌控金屬摻雜量,達到鍍膜層中金屬元素的成分及其比重分佈(profile)。
10:基板
20:金屬氧化物薄膜
50:導電基板
60:摻雜型金屬氧化物之電化學元件陽極薄膜
70:摻雜型金屬氧化物之電化學元件離子傳導層
80:摻雜型金屬氧化物之電化學元件陰極薄膜
90:摻雜型金屬氧化物之電化學元件導電電極
100:電化學元件
S10-S90:步驟
第1圖為本發明之摻雜型金屬氧化物薄膜的製作方法之示意圖。
第2圖為本發明之摻雜型金屬氧化物薄膜的製作方法之流程圖。
第3圖為本發明之電化學元件的製作方法之示意圖。
第4圖為本發明之電化學元件的製作方法之流程圖。
本發明是使用電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術來控制所需摻雜的金屬離子薄膜,並整合電弧電漿薄膜製程或物理氣相沉積薄膜製程,於單一製程中完成金屬氧化物及化合物之本質摻雜功用,且可使用於無需中斷真空之連續製程製造功能性組件,應用於現有電致變色或鋰電池等電化學元件之薄膜製程。
實施例1:第1圖為本發明之摻雜型金屬氧化物薄膜的製作方法之示意圖。首先,如第1圖所示,提供一基板10,基板10可以是金屬、陶瓷、半導體或玻璃基板。其次,使用電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術來控制所需摻雜的金屬離子薄膜,並整合電弧電漿薄膜製程或物理氣相沉積薄膜製程,於該基板10上形成金屬氧化物薄膜20。
第2圖為本發明之摻雜型金屬氧化物薄膜的製作方法之流程圖。首先,提供一基板,如步驟S10所示。其次,使用電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術來控制所需摻雜的金屬離子薄膜,並整合電弧電
漿薄膜製程或物理氣相沉積薄膜製程,於該基板上形成金屬氧化物薄膜,如步驟S20所示。
實施例2:第3圖為本發明之電化學元件的製作方法之示意圖。本發明之電化學元件100可以是一個二次電池或一個電致變色元件,首先,如第3圖所示,提供一導電基板50,導電基板50可以是金屬、陶瓷、半導體或玻璃基板。其次,使用電弧電漿鍍膜製程整合電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術,於該導電基板50上形成一摻雜型金屬氧化物之電化學元件陽極薄膜60。其次,使用電弧電漿鍍膜製程整合電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術,於該電化學元件陽極薄膜60上形成一摻雜型金屬氧化物之電化學元件離子傳導層70。其次,使用電弧電漿鍍膜製程整合電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術,於該電化學元離子傳導層70上形成一摻雜型金屬氧化物之電化學元件陰極薄膜80。最後,使用電弧電漿鍍膜製程整合電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術,或使用電鍍製程或塗佈製程,於該電化學元件陰極薄膜80上形成一摻雜型金屬氧化物之電化學元件導電電極90。
第4圖為本發明之電化學元件的製作方法之流程圖。首先,提供一導電基板,如步驟S50所示。其次,使用電弧電漿鍍膜製程整合電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術,於該導電基板上形成一摻雜型金屬氧化物之電化學元件陽極薄膜,如步驟S60所示。其次,使用電弧電漿鍍膜製程整合電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術,於該電化學元件陽極薄膜上形成一摻雜型金屬氧化物之電化學元件離子傳導層,如步驟S70所示。其次,使用電弧電漿鍍膜製程整合電容脈衝式電弧電漿
技術,於該電化學元件離子傳導層上形成一摻雜型金屬氧化物之電化學元件陰極薄膜,如步驟S80所示。最後,使用電弧電漿鍍膜製程整合電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術,或使用電鍍製程或塗佈製程,於該電化學元件陰極薄膜上形成一摻雜型金屬氧化物之電化學元件導電電極,如步驟S90所示。
本發明實施例1和2之上述電弧電漿鍍膜製程之參數是DC直流50A與真空度1x10-3-5x10-2torr,上述電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術之參數是真空度1x10-3-5x10-2torr、工作頻率1-20Hz與電壓50-400V。本發明實施例1和2之該摻雜的金屬的電阻係數≦0.01Ωcm,如鋰Li、銦In、鉍Bi、鎂Mg、鋁Al、鎳Ni、鈦Ti、鉻Cr、鉬Mo、鉭Ta、鐵Fe、鎢W、鋯Zr、鈮Nb、錳Mn、鈷Co、銅Cu、銀Ag、金Au、鋅Zn、錫Sn或碳C。
S10-S20:步驟
Claims (8)
- 一種摻雜型金屬氧化物薄膜的製作方法,包括以下步驟:提供一基板;以及使用電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術來控制所需摻雜的金屬離子薄膜,並整合電弧電漿薄膜製程,於該基板上形成金屬氧化物薄膜,該摻雜的金屬的電阻係數≦0.01Ωcm;其中,該電弧電漿鍍膜製程之參數是DC直流50A,該電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術之參數是工作頻率1-20Hz與電壓50-400V,該電弧電漿鍍膜製程及該電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術的真空度為1x10-3-5x10-2torr。
- 如請求項1所述之摻雜型金屬氧化物薄膜的製作方法,其中,該摻雜的金屬是鋰Li、銦In、鉍Bi、鎂Mg、鋁Al、鎳Ni、鈦Ti、鉻Cr、鉬Mo、鉭Ta、鐵Fe、鎢W、鋯Zr、鈮Nb、錳Mn、鈷Co、銅Cu、銀Ag、金Au、鋅Zn、錫Sn或碳C。
- 一種電化學元件的製作方法,包括以下步驟:提供一導電基板;以及使用電弧電漿鍍膜製程整合電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術,於該導電基板上形成一摻雜型金屬氧化物之電化學元件陽極薄膜,該摻雜型金屬氧化物所摻雜的金屬的電阻係數≦0.01Ωcm;其中,該電弧電漿鍍膜製程之參數是DC直流50A,該電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術之參數是工作頻率1-20Hz與電壓50-400V,該電弧電漿鍍膜製程及該電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術的真空度為1x10-3-5x10-2torr。
- 如請求項3所述之電化學元件的製作方法,更包括,使用電弧電漿鍍膜製程整合電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術,於該電化學元件陽極薄膜上形成一摻雜型金屬氧化物之電化學元件離子傳導層。
- 如請求項4所述之電化學元件的製作方法,更包括,使用電弧電漿鍍膜製程整合電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術,於該電化學元件離子傳導層上形成一摻雜型金屬氧化物之電化學元件陰極薄膜。
- 如請求項5所述之電化學元件的製作方法,更包括,使用電弧電漿鍍膜製程整合電容脈衝式電弧電漿技術,或使用電鍍製程或塗佈製程,於該電化學元件陰極薄膜上形成一摻雜型金屬氧化物之電化學元件導電電極。
- 如請求項3所述之電化學元件的製作方法,其中,該摻雜型金屬氧化物所摻雜的金屬是鋰Li、銦In、鉍Bi、鎂Mg、鋁Al、鎳Ni、鈦Ti、鉻Cr、鉬Mo、鉭Ta、鐵Fe、鎢W、鋯Zr、鈮Nb、錳Mn、鈷Co、銅Cu、銀Ag、金Au、鋅Zn、錫Sn或碳C。
- 如請求項3所述之電化學元件的製作方法,其中該電化學元件係為一二次電池或一電致變色元件。
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