TWI741962B - Aluminum-nickel-copper alloy and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an aluminum-nickel-copper alloy and a manufacturing method thereof. The manufacturing method comprises the steps of: melting an aluminum-nickel master alloy and reacting at a first temperature to obtain a first alloy molten soup containing Al ₃Ni; adding an aluminum-copper master alloy into the first alloy molten soup for reacting at a second temperature to obtain a second alloy molten soup containing an aluminum-nickel-copper alloy; adding an aluminum-zirconium alloy master into the second alloy molten soup for reacting at a third temperature to obtain a third alloy molten soup containing an aluminum-nickel-copper-zirconium alloy; step 4, adding an aluminum-chromium master alloy into the third alloy molten soup for reacting at a forth temperature to obtain a forth alloy molten soup containing an aluminum-nickel-copper-zirconium-chromium alloy; and cooling the forth alloy molten soup to obtain the aluminum-nickel-copper alloy.

Description

Aluminum nickel copper alloy and its manufacturing method

The invention relates to an aluminum-nickel-copper alloy and a manufacturing method thereof, and through ultra-high temperature solution heat treatment to obtain an aluminum alloy with excellent mechanical properties and fatigue life.

Aluminum alloy usually refers to an alloy containing copper, zinc, manganese, silicon, magnesium and other elements. Compared with ordinary carbon steel, aluminum alloy has lighter weight and corrosion resistance, but the corrosion resistance is still not as good as pure aluminum. Aluminum alloys are widely used, including various engineering structures, or used in modern aircraft, and in response to different characteristics and requirements, different series and multiple aluminum alloy systems containing different elements have been developed.

For example, the Republic of China Patent No. TW I692530 Invention Patent is an aluminum alloy powder and its manufacturing method, aluminum alloy products and its manufacturing method, which undergo a smelting process; making it contain aluminum (Al), nickel (Ni), and copper (Cu) , Iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zirconium (Zr), chromium (Cr) and silicon (Si) are melted into an aluminum alloy molten soup, and further made into aluminum alloy powder, the above-mentioned aluminum alloy is added with iron (Fe ) And silicon (Si) to improve strength and heat resistance. At the same time, manganese (Mn) and chromium (Cr) must be added to adjust the microstructure of iron (Fe) in aluminum alloys to improve ductility and tensile strength. It is also necessary to control the content of silicon (Si) during the heat treatment to avoid the formation of coarse silicon particles, which will reduce the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy. The scope of the chemical composition of the previous case is different from that of this case, and there is no explanation for the metallurgical mechanism and high-temperature application characteristics.

For example, the Chinese patent No. CN105039798 B invention patent is an aluminum alloy part with improved properties, mainly aluminum (Al) silicon (Si) alloy, and the main composition includes copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), Zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), the addition of silicon is mainly to increase the fluidity of the alloy, although the addition of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) It will increase the strength, but the metal compound between iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) silicon (Si) magnesium (Mg) will seriously reduce the tensile strength and ductility of the alloy. The composition content must be controlled during heat treatment.

For example, the Chinese Patent No. CN106513638 B invention patent is a 2024 aluminum alloy casting method, the main composition includes copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), titanium (Ti), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), For iron (Fe) and silicon (Si), the casting step is smelted with copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and titanium (Ti) as master alloys. In order to achieve better hardness, ductility and tensile strength, Finally, magnesium (Mg) is added to produce 2024 aluminum alloy. In addition, the copper content of 2024 aluminum alloy must be precisely controlled, otherwise the material strength and fatigue characteristics will not meet the requirements of aerospace applications. If it is more serious, even the salt spray test will not be certified.

Today, the inventors have made improvements in view of the fact that the current aluminum alloys still have many defects in the use, so he is a tireless spirit, assisted by his wealth of professional knowledge and years of practical experience, and accordingly. Research and create the present invention.

The present invention relates to an aluminum-nickel-copper alloy and its manufacturing method. The aluminum-nickel-copper alloy contains 4.0-8.0 wt.% nickel, 2.0-4.0 wt.% copper, 1.0-2.0 wt.% zirconium, and 0.5-1.0 wt. % Chromium, and the remaining weight percentage of aluminum; its manufacturing method includes: Step 1, melting an aluminum-nickel master alloy (Al-10 wt.% Ni), and applying it at a first temperature (750°-800°C) ) To obtain a _{first alloy broth containing Al 3} Ni; step two, add an aluminum copper master alloy (Al-30 wt.% Cu) to the first alloy broth, and apply it at a second temperature (800 degrees -850 degrees) to obtain a second alloy soup containing Al-Ni-Cu alloy, wherein the Al-Ni-Cu alloy contains 4-8 wt.% nickel and 2.0-4.0 wt.% copper And the remaining percentage of aluminum; step three, add an aluminum-zirconium master alloy (Al-30 wt.% Zr) to the second alloy soup, and apply it at a third temperature (850°-900°C) to obtain a The third alloy soup of Al-Ni-Cu-Zr alloy, wherein the Al-Ni-Cu-Zr alloy contains 1.0-2.0 wt.% zirconium, 2.0-4.0 wt.% copper, 4.0-8.0 wt.% nickel and the remaining percentage of aluminum; step four, add an aluminum-chromium (Al-2.0 wt.% Cr) master alloy to the third alloy broth, and apply it at a fourth temperature (900 degrees -950 degrees), To obtain a fourth alloy soup containing aluminum nickel copper zirconium chromium (Al-Ni-Cu-Zr-Cr), wherein the aluminum nickel copper zirconium chromium alloy system contains 0.5-1.0 wt.% of chromium, 1.0-2.0 wt. % Of zirconium, 2.0-4.0 wt.% of copper, 4.0-8.0 wt.% of nickel, and the remaining percentage of aluminum; and step 5, cooling the fourth alloy broth to obtain the aluminum-nickel-copper alloy.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the second phase of the Al-Ni-Cu alloy includes _{at least one of Al 3} Ni, Al ₂ Cu, or Al ₃ (Cu)Ni.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the second phase of the aluminum nickel copper zirconium (Al-Ni-Cu-Zr) alloy includes at least one of _{Al 3} Ni, Al ₂ Cu, Al ₃ (Cu)Ni and Al _{3 Zr} one.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the second phase system of the Al-Ni-Cu-Zr-Cr (Al-Ni-Cu-Zr-Cr) alloy includes Al ₃ Ni, Al ₂ Cu, Al ₃ (Cu)Ni, Al ₃ Zr , _{At least one of Al 7} Cr, Al ₃ (Cr)Zr and AlCuCr.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the first action temperature is 750-800°C, the second action temperature is 800-850°C, the third action temperature is 850-900°C, and the fourth action temperature is 900- 950°C.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the ultimate tensile strength of the aluminum nickel copper alloy is between 550-800 MPa, the hardness is between 90-100 HFR, and the number of rotation fatigue life is between 30,000 and 40,000.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the tensile strength of the aluminum-nickel-copper alloy at a high temperature of 200°C is between 350-400 MPa.

Thereby, in the present invention, an aluminum nickel copper alloy is prepared by the ultra-high temperature solution heat treatment method, which contains five metal elements and seven stable precipitation phases, and has excellent mechanical properties and fatigue life.

In order to enable a more complete and clear disclosure of the effects that can be achieved by the technical means of the present invention, the detailed description is as follows, please also refer to the disclosure diagrams.

The present invention relates to an aluminum-nickel-copper alloy and its manufacturing method. The aluminum-nickel-copper alloy manufactured by the present invention contains 4.0-8.0 wt.% nickel, 2.0-4.0 wt.% copper, and 1.0-2.0 wt.% zirconium. 0.5-1.0 wt.% of chromium, and the remaining weight percentage of aluminum; its ultimate tensile strength is between 550-800 MPa, hardness is between 90-100 HFR, and the number of rotation fatigue life is between 30,000 and 40,000, and its The high temperature tensile strength of 200℃ is between 350-400 MPa.

The manufacturing method of the aluminum nickel copper alloy of the present invention is as follows:

Step 1: First melt an aluminum-nickel master alloy (Al-10 wt.%Ni) at 750-800°C and apply it at a first temperature to obtain a first alloy broth _{containing Al 3 Ni.} In the embodiment, the aluminum-nickel master alloy is exposed to 750-800°C for 10 minutes.

Step 2: Next, in the first alloy broth, add the calculated aluminum-copper master alloy (Al-30 wt.% Cu) and apply it at the second temperature to obtain an aluminum-nickel-copper (Al-Ni-Cu) ) The second alloy soup of the alloy, wherein the aluminum-nickel-copper alloy contains 4-8 wt.% of nickel, 2.0-4.0 wt.% of copper, and the remaining percentage of aluminum, and the second phase contains Al ₃ Ni and Al ₂ Cu And _{at least one of Al 3} (Cu)Ni; in this embodiment, the first alloy broth added with the aluminum-copper master alloy is reacted at 800-850°C for 10 minutes to obtain the second alloy broth; in this step Because the chemical affinity of aluminum and copper is high, it will form Al ₂ Cu with good thermal stability. Therefore, this step is to add a eutectic aluminum-copper master alloy (Al-30 wt.% Cu) to the aluminum-nickel master alloy ( Al-10 wt.% Ni).

Step 3: Add the aluminum-zirconium master alloy (Al-30 wt.% Zr) with the calculated eutectic composition to the second alloy soup, and apply it at the third temperature to obtain an aluminum-nickel-copper-zirconium (Al -Ni-Cu-Zr) alloy third alloy soup, wherein the nickel-copper-zirconium alloy contains 1.0-2.0 wt.% of zirconium, 2.0-4.0 wt.% of copper, 4.0-8.0 wt.% of nickel and the remaining percentage The second phase of the nickel-copper-zirconium alloy contains _{at least one of Al 3} Ni, Al ₂ Cu, Al ₃ (Cu)Ni and Al ₃ Zr; in this embodiment, the aluminum-zirconium master alloy is added The second alloy soup, act at 850-900°C for 10 minutes to obtain the third alloy soup;

Step 4: In the third alloy soup, add the calculated aluminum-chromium (Al-2.0 wt.% Cr) master alloy and apply it at the fourth temperature to obtain an aluminum-nickel-copper-zirconium-chromium (Al-Ni-Cu) -Zr-Cr) the fourth alloy soup, in which the aluminum-nickel-copper-zirconium-chromium alloy contains 0.5-1.0 wt.% of chromium, 1.0-2.0 wt.% of zirconium, 2.0-4.0 wt.% of copper, 4.0-8.0 wt.% of nickel and the remaining percentage of aluminum, and the second phase of the aluminum nickel copper zirconium chromium alloy contains Al ₃ Ni, Al ₂ Cu, Al ₃ (Cu)Ni, Al ₃ Zr, Al ₇ Cr, Al ₃ (Cr ) At least one of Zr and AlCuCr; in this embodiment, the third alloy broth added with aluminum-chromium master alloy is treated at 900-950°C for 10 minutes to obtain the fourth alloy broth; and

Step 5: Casting and cooling the fourth alloy broth to obtain the aluminum-nickel-copper alloy of this case; in this embodiment, the prepared aluminum-nickel-copper alloy contains 4.0 wt.% of aluminum-nickel (Al-Ni), Cu: 2.0 wt.% of copper (Cu), 1.0 wt.% of zirconium (Zr), 0.5 wt.% of chromium (Cr), and the remaining percentage of aluminum; the aluminum-nickel-copper alloy prepared from this was tested for performance .

Among them, in the aluminum nickel copper (Al-Ni-Cu) alloy obtained in step 2, the nickel content is at least 4.0 wt.%, and a large amount of second phase Al ₃ Ni will be generated at this time; and if the aluminum nickel copper alloy When the nickel content is higher than 8.0 wt.%, the structure of aluminum element will change from the original face centered cubic lattice (Face Center Cubic, FCC) to body-centered cubic lattice (Body-Centered Cubic, BCC), which is easy to cause Solidification segregation will weaken the mechanical properties; in addition, in Al-Ni-Cu alloys, the copper content is at least 2.0 wt.%, and the resulting Al ₂ Cu structure will be stable. If the copper content is higher than 4.0 wt.%, Al ₂ Cu will affect _{the distribution pattern of Al 3} Ni, and the manufactured Al-Ni-Cu alloy will be mistaken for 2000 series Al-Cu alloy.

In addition, the aluminum-zirconium master alloy in step three contains Al ₃ Zr belonging to the stable phase, and Al ₂ Zr, Al ₃ Zr ₂ and AlZr belonging to the metastable phase; and the aluminum nickel copper zirconium (Al-Ni -Cu-Zr) alloy, the zirconium content should not be higher than 2.0 wt.%, otherwise the grain boundary embrittlement effect will easily occur.

In addition, for the aluminum nickel copper zirconium chromium (Al-Ni-Cu-Zr-Cr) in step 4, the chromium content cannot be higher than 1.0 wt.%, and the intermetallic compound produced will be Al ₇ Cr.

Then, the aluminum-nickel-copper alloy manufactured above was subjected to a high temperature of 510-570°C for 1 hour, and then subjected to a temperature of 175°C for 6 hours, and then the mechanical properties of the aluminum-nickel copper alloy were tested; please refer to Table 1, after different treatments The test results of the mechanical properties of the aluminum-nickel-copper alloy, including the ultimate tensile strength (UTS), TE (Total Elonglation, TE), hardness and rotation fatigue life, and the rotation fatigue life test, the use length is 13.0 cm , A sample with a diameter of 6 mm is tested under the test conditions of ^{3000 rpm and 50 kg/mm 2 pressure.} According to Table 1, the aluminum-nickel-copper alloy treated at 570°C for 1 hr and then at 175°C for 6 hr has the best ultimate tensile strength and rotation fatigue life.

Table I UTS(MPa) TE(%) Hardness (HFR) Rotation fatigue life (N) times 510℃(1 hr)+ 175℃(6 hr) 539 12.1 105 21082 530℃(1 hr)+ 175℃(6 hr) 556 11.6 100 24450 550℃(1 hr)+ 175℃(6 hr) 562 10.8 96 26386 570℃(1 hr)+ 175℃(6 hr) 588 10.2 95 31075

Then compare the mechanical properties of the aluminum-nickel-copper alloy treated at 570°C for 1 hr and then at 175°C for 6 hours with the current commercial 6061 aluminum alloy and aerospace-grade 2024 aluminum alloy; please refer to Table 2, manufactured in this case Compared with the existing aluminum alloy, the aluminum nickel copper alloy also has the best ultimate tensile strength and rotation fatigue life.

Table II UTS(MPa) TE(%) Hardness (HFR) Rotation fatigue life (N) times 570℃(1 hr)+ 175℃(6 hr) 588 10.2 95 31075 Commercial 6061 aluminum alloy (T6) 320 20.2 72 16578 Aerospace 2024 aluminum alloy (T6) 520 10.8 102 27622

The aluminum-nickel-copper alloy treated at 570°C for 1 hr and 175°C for 6 hr, and the current commercial 6061 aluminum alloy and aerospace 2024 aluminum alloy, were subjected to high temperature tensile strength, salt spray test and wear resistance The abrasion resistance (g/g) refers to the material weight loss per unit of sandblasting. The lower the value, the better the abrasion resistance. When testing, the size of the test sample is 48 x 28 x 3 mm ³ , the alumina particle size used is 300 μm, and the erosion pressure is 3 kg/mm ² ; according to the test results in Table 3, the aluminum-nickel-copper alloy in this case has the highest 200℃ tensile test at 200℃ Tensile strength; after 72 hours of salt spray test, the surface of the aluminum-nickel-copper alloy in this case has not changed, but rust spots will be observed on the surface of commercial 6061 aluminum alloy and 2024 aluminum alloy; the results of wear resistance also show that, The aluminum-nickel-copper alloy in this case has the best wear resistance.

Table Three 200℃ high temperature tensile strength (MPa) Salt spray test (72 hours) Wear resistance (g/g) (x 10 ^-5 ) 570℃(1 hr)+ 175℃(6 hr) 355 Surface normal 2.2 Commercial 6061 aluminum alloy (T6) 188 Rust spots appear on the surface 4.5 Commercial 2024 aluminum alloy (T6) 316 Rust spots appear on the surface 3.1

In addition, please refer to the first figure, which is the aluminum-nickel-copper alloy manufactured by the present invention. After acting at 510-570°C for 1 hour, and then at 175°C for 6 hours, the microscope was observed under 200 times magnification. Organizational characteristics.

In summary, the aluminum-nickel-copper alloy of the present invention has excellent mechanical properties and fatigue life through ultra-high temperature solution heat treatment and artificial aging treatment.

In summary, the aluminum-nickel-copper alloy of the present invention and its manufacturing method can indeed achieve the expected use effect through the embodiments disclosed above, and the present invention has not been disclosed before the application, and it is in full compliance with the patent law. The regulations and requirements. If you file an application for a patent for invention in accordance with the law, you are kindly requested to review and grant a quasi-patent.

However, the above-mentioned explanations are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention; it; those who are familiar with the art, based on the characteristic scope of the present invention, etc. The effect changes or modifications should be regarded as not departing from the design scope of the present invention.

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Figure 1: The microstructure of the aluminum-nickel-copper alloy of the present invention.

Claims (8)

An aluminum-nickel-copper alloy manufacturing method includes: Step 1: Melting an aluminum-nickel master alloy (Al-10 wt.% Ni) and applying it at a first temperature (750-800°C) to obtain a The first alloy soup containing Al ₃ Ni; Step 2: Add an aluminum-copper master alloy (Al-30 wt.% Cu) to the first alloy soup, and apply it at a second temperature (800-850°C) to Obtaining a second alloy soup containing an Al-Ni-Cu alloy, wherein the Al-Ni-Cu alloy contains 4-8 wt.% nickel, 2.0-4.0 wt.% copper, and the remaining percentage of aluminum; Step 3: Add an aluminum-zirconium master alloy (Al-30 wt.% Zr) to the second alloy broth, and apply it at a third temperature (850-900°C) to obtain an aluminum-nickel-copper-zirconium (Al- The third alloy soup of Ni-Cu-Zr) alloy, wherein the aluminum-nickel-copper-zirconium alloy contains 1.0-2.0 wt.% of zirconium, 2.0-4.0 wt.% of copper, 4.0-8.0 wt.% of nickel, and the remainder The percentage of aluminum; and Step 4: Add an aluminum-chromium (Al-2.0 wt.% Cr) master alloy to the third alloy broth, and apply it at a fourth temperature (900-950°C) to obtain a copper containing aluminum, nickel, and copper The fourth alloy soup of Al-Ni-Cu-Zr-Cr, wherein the Al-Ni-Cu-Zr-Cr alloy contains 0.5-1.0 wt.% chromium, 1.0-2.0 wt.% zirconium, 2.0-4.0 wt.% copper, 4.0-8.0 wt.% nickel, and the remaining percentage of aluminum; and step five: casting and cooling the fourth alloy broth to obtain the aluminum-nickel-copper alloy. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the second phase of the Al-Ni-Cu alloy contains _{at least one of Al 3} Ni, Al ₂ Cu, or Al ₃ (Cu)Ni. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the second phase of the aluminum nickel copper zirconium (Al-Ni-Cu-Zr) alloy includes Al ₃ Ni, Al ₂ Cu, Al ₃ (Cu)Ni, and Al ₃ Zr At least one of them. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the second phase system of the Al-Ni-Cu-Zr-Cr (Al-Ni-Cu-Zr-Cr) alloy includes Al ₃ Ni, Al ₂ Cu, Al ₃ (Cu)Ni, At least one of Al ₃ Zr, Al ₇ Cr, Al ₃ (Cr)Zr, and AlCuCr. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the first action temperature is 750-800°C, the second action temperature is 800-850°C, the third action temperature is 850-900°C, and the fourth action temperature It is 900-950°C. An aluminum-nickel-copper alloy prepared by any one of claims 1-5, containing 4.0-8.0 wt.% nickel, 2.0-4.0 wt.% copper, and 1.0-2.0 wt.% The zirconium, 0.5-1.0 wt.% of chromium, and the remaining weight percentage of aluminum. The aluminum-nickel-copper alloy described in claim 6, the ultimate tensile strength is between 550-800 MPa, the hardness is between 90-100 HFR, and the number of rotation fatigue life is between 30,000 and 40,000. The aluminum-nickel-copper alloy described in claim 6 has a high temperature tensile strength of 350-400 MPa at 200°C.

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