TWI729589B - Fruit Threshing Machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A fruit thresher includes a machine, a feeding unit installed on the machine, and a creasing unit. The feeding unit includes a first roller and a second roller which are separated by a gap and suitable for conveying a branch. The crimping unit includes a pressure plate, and a folding plate that moves back and forth between a creasing position and a disengagement position relative to the pressure plate. In the crimping position, the folding plate is adjacent to the pressure plate and is suitable for rolling the pressure plate. The branches and the fruit particles fall off from the branches, and when in the disengagement position, the folded plate is separated from the pressing plate. Thereby, in the process of transporting the branch, the branch is first crushed by the folded plate that moves toward the back of the pressing plate, thereby destroying the fiber of the branch, so that the fruit particles on the branch can easily fall off. Not only will it not damage the fruit particles, but it can also greatly increase the success rate when the fruit particles fall off.

Description

Fruit Threshing Machine

The invention relates to a fruit thresher, in particular to a fruit thresher suitable for separating a branch and counting fruit particles.

Because bunches of fruit such as lychee, longan, and betel nut are unfavorable for transportation, storage, processing, and export, and the residual branches after consumption will cause environmental load, the current sales method has gradually changed from traditional bunches (clusters). ) Branched fruit pellets are sold in single-fruit boxes (especially for export), but nowadays, the threshing of fruit pellets is entirely manual, which is time-consuming, laborious and easy to damage the fruit pellets, which affects the quality and agricultural income.

Referring to Figure 1, a conventional pellet picker 1 disclosed in the Republic of China Patent No. M273967 patent case is mainly based on the upper rolling rod 11 and the lower rolling rod 12 that are engaged with each other and can be floated to compress and transport branches of different rod diameters. Stem, and separate the fruit grains from the branches.

However, the floating upper rolling rod 11 will be stretched by the thicker branches and cannot be squeezed, and the parts that can be squeezed are mainly the branches that enter the upper rolling rod 11 and the lower rolling rod 12 without fruit particles. The stem, therefore, for the part (stem and branch) that connects the fruit particles but has not yet entered between the upper rod 11 and the lower rod 12, there is still no crushing effect, so that the fruit particles The main reason is that it is hardly pushed by the upper rolling rod 11 and the lower rolling rod 12 to fall off. Not only the success rate of falling off is poor, but the fruit particles are easily damaged.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a fruit thresher that can improve the shedding effect without damaging the fruit particles.

Therefore, the fruit thresher of the present invention is suitable for separating a branch and counting fruit pieces. The fruit thresher includes: a machine, a feeding unit, and a crushing unit.

The feeding unit is installed on the machine platform and includes a first roller, and a second roller that is spaced apart from the first roller and rotates in the opposite direction, the first roller and the second roller It is suitable for conveying the branches through the gap along a feeding direction.

The crimping unit includes a pressure plate, and a folding plate that moves in a folding direction relative to the pressure plate between a creasing position and a disengagement position. The folding direction is at an angle to the feeding direction. In the pressing position, the folding plate is adjacent to the pressing plate and is suitable for crushing the branch and making the fruit particles fall off from the branch. When in the disengagement position, the folding plate is separated from the pressing plate.

The effect of the present invention is that in the process of transporting the branch, the branch is first crushed by the folded plate that moves toward the back of the pressing plate, thereby destroying the fiber of the branch, so that the fruit particles on the branch can be easily Shedding, not only will not damage the fruit particles, but also can greatly increase the success rate of fruit shedding.

2: Machine

3: Feeding unit

31: The first roller

32: knife holder

321: Pivot

322: opening

33: The second roller

34: elastic element

35: Feeding group

351: Bracket

422: swing part

423: Sword Edge

43: Bolt

44: Folding motor group

441: Eccentric

442: Folding motor

45: connecting rod group

451: Sleeve

452: connecting rod

453: Cushioning element

352: Carrier Board

353: counterweight plate

36: Feeding motor group

37: Feeding transmission group

4: Creasing unit

41: pressure plate

411: fixed part

412: end edge

413: pressing part

414: Long Bar Keyhole

42: Folding board

421: Pivot

454: Extension

455: bolt

456: long pin hole

5: Receiving unit

51: Fruit collection tank

52: Branch delivery group

521: drive shaft

522: Conveyor Belt

53: discharge motor group

54: Discharge transmission group

61: Branch

62: fruit

The other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiments with reference to the drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a conventional pelleting machine disclosed in the Republic of China Patent No. M273967; Figure 2 is a perspective view illustrating an embodiment of the fruit thresher of the present invention; Figure 3 is a partial perspective exploded view of the embodiment; Figure 4 is a top view of the embodiment; Figure 5 is along the line in Figure 4 Fig. 6 is a perspective view similar to Fig. 2, but an opening of a knife holder is far away from a first roller; Fig. 7 is a schematic sectional view showing that a folding plate is located in this embodiment A disengagement position; Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view similar to Figure 7, but the folding plate is in a crimping position; Figure 9 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating the embodiment of the folding plate crimping the branches; and Figure 10 It is a perspective view similar to Figure 2, but viewed from another angle.

Referring to FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, an embodiment of the fruit thresher of the present invention includes a machine 2, a feeding unit 3, a creasing unit 4, and a receiving unit 5.

The machine 2 defines a feeding direction X and a discharging direction Y that intersect perpendicularly.

3, 4 and 5, the feeding unit 3 includes a first roller 31 pivoted on the machine table 2, a knife seat 32, pivoted on the knife seat 32 and connected to the first roller 31 A second roller 33, an elastic element 34, a feeding group 35, a feeding motor group 36, and a feeding transmission group 37 are separated by a gap.

The knife holder 32 has a pivot portion 321 pivoted on the machine table 2 and an opening portion 322 opposite to the pivot portion 321.

The first roller 31 and the second roller 33 extend along the discharge direction Y and rotate in opposite directions. In this embodiment, the first roller 31 and the second roller 33 are made of PU material.

The elastic element 34 is connected to the opening 322 of the knife holder 32 and the machine 2, and constantly generates a biasing force for displacing the opening 322 of the knife holder 32 relative to the first roller 31.

The feeding group 35 has two brackets 351 pivoted on the machine table 2, and one of the brackets 351 is movably installed on the brackets 351 along the feeding direction X and facing the first roller 31 and the second roller 33. The carrying plate 352 and a counterweight plate 353 pivotally connected to the carrying plate 352 and capable of being superimposed on the carrying plate 352.

The feeding transmission group 37 is connected to the feeding motor group 36 and the first roller 31 and the second roller 33, and is used for transmitting the power of the feeding motor group 36 and driving the first roller 31, The second roller 33 rotates in the reverse direction. In this embodiment, the feeding transmission unit 37 is a combination of sprocket, chain, and transmission shaft commonly available in the market. Since those skilled in the art can infer the expanded details based on the above description, no further description is given.

The pressing unit 4 includes a pressing plate 41 and a folding plate 42 extending along the discharging direction Y, two bolts 43, a pressing motor group 44, and a connecting rod group 45.

The pressing plate 41 has a fixing portion 411 fixed to the machine table 2, and a pressing portion 413 formed with an end edge 412 at an angle to the fixing portion 411. The fixing portion 411 has two elongated lock holes 414 extending along the feeding direction X, and can be displaced relative to the folded plate 42 along the feeding direction X.

The folding plate 42 has a pivoting portion 421 pivoted on the knife holder 32, a swinging portion 422 opposite to the pivoting portion 421 and capable of being driven, and a blade formed on an edge and facing the pressing plate 41缘423. The folding plate 42 is moved back and forth in a folding direction Z relative to the pressing plate 41 between a folding position (as shown in FIG. 8) and a disengagement position (as shown in FIG. 7), and the folding direction Z is perpendicular to the feeding direction X With the discharge direction Y. In the crimping position (as shown in FIG. 8), the edge 423 of the folding plate 42 is adjacent to the end edge 412 of the pressing plate 41, and the edge 423 and the end edge 412 are misaligned with each other. 7) The folding plate 42 is separated from the pressing plate 41.

The bolts 43 pass through the elongated locking holes 414 of the pressing plate 41 and lock the fixing portion 411 of the pressing plate 41 to the machine 2.

The folding motor group 44 is installed on the knife holder 32 and has an eccentric wheel 441 and a folding motor 442 for driving the eccentric wheel 441 to rotate.

The connecting rod group 45 is connected to the eccentric position of the eccentric wheel 441 and the swing portion 422 of the folded plate 42 and has a sleeve 451 pivotally connected to the eccentric wheel 441, and is pierced movably along the folding direction Z A connecting rod 452 on the sleeve 451, a buffer element 453 disposed between the sleeve 451 and the connecting rod 452, screwed on the connecting rod 452 and pivotally connected to a swing portion 422 of the folded plate 42 Post 454, and a pin 455. The connecting rod 452 has a long pin hole 456 extending along the folding direction Z. The plug pin 455 penetrates the sleeve 451 and passes through the elongated pin hole 456 of the connecting rod 452, so that the connecting rod 452 is limited by the plug 455 and cannot be separated from the sleeve 451, and can move along the folding direction Z Displacement in the sleeve 451. In this embodiment, the buffer element 453 is a spring, which constantly generates a buffer force that causes the connecting rod 452 and the connecting rod 454 to displace in the opposite direction to the sleeve 451.

The receiving unit 5 is installed on the machine 2 and includes a fruit grain collection tank 51, a branch conveying group 52, a discharging motor group 53, and a discharging transmission group 54.

The fruit particle collection tank 51 is located below the folding unit and the feeding group 35.

The branch conveying group 52 and the fruit particle collection tank 51 are arranged along the feeding direction X and are respectively located on two sides of the feeding unit 3, and have two transmission shafts 521 spaced apart along the feeding direction Y, and a sleeve A conveyor belt 522 connected to the drive shafts 521.

The discharging transmission group 54 is connected to one of the transmission shafts 521 and the discharging motor group 53 to transmit the power of the discharging motor group 53 and drive the conveyor belt 522 to rotate. In this embodiment, the discharging motor group 53 is a combination of a sprocket and a chain commonly available in the market. Since those skilled in the art can deduce the expanded details based on the above description, no further description will be given.

Referring to Figure 5, Figure 6 and Figure 7, when a branch 61 and fruit count 62 are to be separated, only the branch 61 needs to be inserted into the gap between the first roller 31 and the second roller 33, or upward Pull the opening 322 of the knife holder 32 to expand the gap between the first roller 31 and the second roller 33 to facilitate the penetration of the branch 61, whereby the biasing force of the elastic element 34 Drive the knife holder 32 to drive the second roller 33 to move relative to the first roller 31, until the branch 61 is pinched by the first roller 31 and the second roller 33, the branch can be 61 and the fruit pieces 62 are placed on the carrying plate 352 of the feeding group 35. At this time, the counterweight plate 353 is superimposed on the carrying plate 352, and the stacked fruit pieces 62 can be pressed. Flat arrangement.

Then, the first roller 31 and the second roller 33 driven by the feeding transmission group 37 will entrain and transport the branch 61 along the feeding group 35 during the reverse rotation. The direction X is displaced toward the conveyor belt 522. It is worth noting that because the first roller 31 and the second roller 33 are made of PU material, in addition to improving friction, they can also be applied to when pressed by the branches 61 due to their own elasticity. Branches 61 of different thickness and thinness.

Referring to Figures 7, 8 and 9, at the same time, the folding motor group 44 drives the connecting rod group 45 to move up and down along the folding direction Z through the eccentric wheel 441, so that the connecting rod group 45 drives the folding The swing portion 422 of the plate 42 moves up and down along the folding direction Z between the disengagement position and the folding position. When the folding plate 42 is displaced from the disengagement position to the folding position, the folding plate 42 The blade edge 423 first contacts the branch 61, and then, as the blade edge 423 moves to a position intersecting with the end edge 412, the branch 61 is crushed and the branch 61 is crushed, thereby destroying the branch. The fibers of the stem 61 are reduced, and the connecting force between the fruit grains 62 and the branch stem 61 is reduced, thereby causing the fruit grains 62 to fall off directly, or be blocked by the pressing plate 41 and the folded plate 42 and fall off. In this way, the branch 61 is continuously crushed and crushed during the process of traveling along the feeding direction X.

It should be noted that in the process of pressing the branch 61 by the folded plate 42, the folded plate 42 will be displaced in the opposite direction to the pressing plate 41 due to the push of the branch 61, and push up the stem. 454 and the connecting rod 452 overcome the elastic force of the buffer element 453 to shrink, thereby not only can avoid directly crushing the branch 61 in the process of rolling the branch 61, but also can be applied to different thicknesses and thinners. Branches 61.

In addition, only by adjusting the screw depth of the connecting rod 454 and the connecting rod 452, the buffer stroke and the softness and hardness of the folded plate 42 can be changed along the pressing direction, thereby controlling the pressing force when the branch 61 is rolled. The size of the folding force. And only by adjusting the fixing position of the fixing part 411 of the pressing plate 41 and the machine 2 along the feeding direction X, the distance between the end 412 of the pressing plate 41 and the edge 423 of the folding plate 42 can be changed. The larger, it is suitable for crushing For thick branches 61, when the spacing becomes smaller, it is suitable for crushing thinner branches 61.

The fallen fruit particles 62 fall into the fruit particle collection groove 51 from the distance between the supporting plate 352 and the first roller 31 and the second roller 33. It is worth noting that the supporting plate 352 can change its fixed position with the brackets 351 along the feeding direction X to achieve the purpose of adjusting the distance with the first roller 31 and the second roller 33, and pass The brackets 351 change the pivot angle with the machine 2 to adjust the inclination angles of the branches 61 and the fruit pieces 62 toward the first roller 31 and the second roller 33, so that the branches 61 and The fruit pieces 62 can automatically slide toward the first roller 31 and the second roller 33 at the aforementioned inclination angle, thereby improving the smoothness of transportation.

7 and 10, the branches 61 after falling off will fall on the conveyor belt 522 driven by the discharge motor group 53 after passing through the gap between the first roller 31 and the second roller 33 And move along the discharge direction Y as the conveyor belt 522 rotates until it falls on the ground, or a branch collection box can be set on the machine 2 to collect the branches dropped by the conveyor belt 522. Terrier 61.

Based on the above description, the advantages of the foregoing embodiments can be summarized as follows:

1. In the process of transporting the branch 61, the present invention can firstly crush the branch 61 with the folded plate 42 that moves toward the reset relative to the pressing plate 41, thereby destroying the fibers of the branch 61, so that the The fruit pieces 62 can fall off easily, which not only does not damage the fruit pieces 62, but also improves the success rate of the fruit pieces 62 falling off.

2. The present invention further utilizes the pressing plate 41 and the folding plate 42 which are misaligned with each other, which can be By imitating the way of manually breaking the branches 61 with fingers, the fruit pieces 62 can be separated, which can further improve the beauty and integrity of the fruit pieces 62, and greatly increase the success rate of the fruit pieces 62 when they fall off.

3. The present invention uses the method of threshing on-site, which can make the fruit 62 fall off, which is convenient for transportation, storage and processing. The branch 61 can be directly left in the orchard for composting, which solves the environmental burden caused by the residual leaf waste of the branch 61 The problem.

However, the above are only examples of the present invention. When the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited by this, all simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the content of the patent specification still belong to Within the scope of the patent for the present invention.

31······The first roller 32······ Knife Block 33······The second roller 35······ Feeding group 351····· Bracket 352····· Carrier Board 353····· Counterweight Plate 41······ Press plate 411·····Fixed part 412····· End Edge 413·····Pressing part 414····· Long Bar Keyhole 42······ Folding Board 423····· Blade Edge To 43······ Bolt 44······ Folding motor group 441·····Eccentric Wheel 442····· Folding motor 45······ Connecting Rod Set 451····· Sleeve 452····· Connecting Rod 453····· Cushioning element 454····· Extension 455····· Bolt 456····· Long Pin Hole 61······Branches 62······ Fruit Pieces To

Claims (10)

A fruit thresher is suitable for separating a branch and a count of fruit granules. The fruit thresher includes: a machine; a feeding unit, installed on the machine, and includes a first roller, and A roller is separated by a gap and a second roller that rotates in opposite directions, the first roller and the second roller are suitable for conveying the branches through the gap in a feeding direction; and a crimping unit, including A pressing plate, and a folding plate that moves back and forth relative to the pressing plate between a pressing position and a disengagement position along a pressing direction. The pressing direction is at an angle to the feeding direction. At the pressing position, The folded plate is adjacent to the pressure plate and is suitable for rolling the branch and making the fruit particles fall off from the branch. When in the disengagement position, the folding plate is separated from the pressure plate. The fruit thresher according to claim 1, wherein the feeding unit further includes a knife seat, the first roller is pivoted on the machine table, the second roller is pivoted on the knife seat, and the knife seat It has a pivot part pivoted on the machine platform and an opening opposite to the pivot part. The fruit thresher according to claim 2, wherein the feeding unit further includes an elastic element connected to the opening of the knife holder and the machine table, and constantly generates a swinging portion of the knife holder A biasing force relative to the displacement of the first roller. The fruit thresher according to claim 2, wherein the feeding unit further includes a feeding motor group, and a feeding motor group connected to the feeding motor group and the first roller and the second roller Transmission group, the feeding transmission group is used to transfer the feeding The power of the motor group drives the first roller and the second roller to rotate in opposite directions. The fruit thresher according to claim 2, wherein the pressing plate of the pressing unit has an end edge facing the folding plate, and the folding plate has a cutting edge facing the pressing plate and misaligned with the end edge. In the crimping position, the knife edge and the end edge are suitable for crimping the branches. The fruit thresher according to claim 5, wherein the pressing unit further includes a pressing motor group and a connecting rod group, the folding plate further has a pivotal part pivoted on the knife seat, and A swinging portion opposite to the pivoting portion and capable of being driven, the folding motor assembly is installed on the knife holder, and has an eccentric wheel, and a folding motor for driving the eccentric wheel to rotate, the connecting rod The group is telescopically connected to the eccentric position of the eccentric wheel and the swing part of the folded plate. The fruit thresher according to claim 6, wherein the connecting rod set has a sleeve pivotally connected to the eccentric wheel, a connecting rod displaceably inserted into the sleeve along the pressing direction, and A buffer element between the sleeve and the connecting rod, a connecting rod screwed on the connecting rod and pivotally connected to the swinging part of the folded plate, and a pin, the connecting rod having an extending along the folding direction A long pin hole, the plug is inserted in the sleeve and passes through the long pin hole of the connecting rod, the buffer element constantly generates a buffer force that causes the connecting rod and the connecting rod to move in the opposite direction to the sleeve . The fruit thresher according to claim 5, wherein the pressing unit further includes at least one bolt, the pressing plate has a fixing part fixed to the machine, and an angle with the fixing part and forming the end The fixed portion has at least one elongated key hole extending along the feeding direction and can be displaced along the feeding direction relative to the folded plate, and the at least one bolt passes through the at least one of the fixing portion A long keyhole is connected to the machine. The fruit thresher according to claim 1, wherein the feeding unit further includes a feeding group having at least one bracket pivoted on the machine platform, and displaceably installed along the feeding direction A bearing plate on the at least one support and facing the first roller and the second roller, and a counterweight plate pivotally connected to the bearing plate and stackable on the bearing plate, and the bearing plate is suitable for Bearing the branches and the fruit grains, the counterweight plate is suitable for pressing on the fruit grains so that the fruit grains are arranged evenly. The fruit pellet thresher according to claim 9, further comprising a receiving unit installed on the machine, the receiving unit includes a fruit pellet collecting tank, a branch conveying group, a discharging motor group, and a discharge motor group. Feeding transmission group, the fruit particle collection trough is located below the pressing unit and the feeding group and is suitable for collecting the fruit pellets. The branch conveying group is installed on the machine and is along with the fruit pellet collection trough. Are arranged on the two sides of the feeding unit, respectively, and have two transmission shafts spaced apart along a discharge direction, and a conveyor belt connecting the transmission shafts. The discharge direction is perpendicular to the feeding direction, The conveyor belt is suitable for receiving branches that pass through the gap between the first roller and the second roller, and the discharging transmission group is connected to one of the transmission shafts and the discharging motor group to transmit the discharging motor The power of the group drives the conveyor belt to rotate.

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