TWI727513B - Power generation abnormality detection method and system suitable for offline photovoltaic panels - Google Patents

Abstract

A power generation abnormality detection system for offline photovoltaic panels without grid connection includes a solar cell module, a power converter, a testing unit, a switchable testing load unit and a testing switch. The power converter connects with the solar cell module and the testing unit. The testing switch is provided to connect the solar cell module with the switchable testing load unit or to disconnect the solar cell module from the switchable testing load unit. Under no grid connection, the solar cell module connects with the switchable testing load unit. The power converter operatively controls the solar cell module to measure a plurality of reference voltages and a plurality of reference currents thereof, with calculating the plurality of reference voltages and reference currents to obtain a plurality of measured powers, with further comparing the plurality of measured powers with abnormal PV-curve features to obtain a test result.

Description

Off-line solar panel power generation abnormal test method and system

The present invention relates to an offline (offline) solar panel power generation abnormality test method and system thereof; in particular, it relates to a method suitable for the grid disconnection (without grid connection), the grid disconnection (grid disconnection), or the grid disconnection (grid disconnection). The preliminary test method and system for abnormal solar panel power generation (poor assembly or installation, failure or obscuration) under the following, combined with subsequent implementation of an advanced test method and system for abnormal solar panel power generation; more particularly, it relates to a use of an electrical energy conversion An off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method and system performed by a power converter or an inverter.

Familiar with the solar panel power generation abnormality detection method and its system or related technologies that have been integrated into the power grid, such as the invention patent of the Republic of China Patent Publication No. TW-I630790 "Solar Power Generation System and Solar Module Power Generation Abnormality Detection Method", It discloses a solar power generation system and a solar module power generation abnormality detection method. The detection method includes the steps: A. An inverter is electrically connected to a solar module string, and an audio signal is input to the solar module string A power loop in the row; B. A coupled receiver is used to sense and receive the audio signal transmitted in the power loop, and the coupled receiver is displaced along the power loop; and C. Use the coupled receiver to sense the audio signal As a result, a prompt message is output correspondingly, and the human body can perceive the prompt message.

Continuing, according to the aforementioned solar model No. TW-I630790 The group power generation abnormality detection method is designed. According to the content of the prompt message output by the coupled receiver, it can be immediately determined whether the coupled receiver has passed the open fault point of the power circuit, and can quickly detect and find the solar module series. The location of the open circuit fault point.

However, the aforementioned solar module power generation abnormality detection method of No. TW-I630790 is only applicable to the method that has been integrated into the power grid to determine whether the coupled receiver has passed the open fault point of the power circuit, and detects and finds the solar module string. The location of the open-circuit fault point listed, but it is not provided for how to perform or complete the abnormal test method and system of the solar panel power generation characteristic curve when the grid is not connected to the grid or disconnected from the grid, so as to be suitable for abnormal test operations when the grid is not connected to the grid or disconnected from the grid .

Another conventional solar panel power generation abnormality detection method and its system or related technologies that have been integrated into the power grid, such as the invention patent of the Republic of China Patent Publication No. TW-I499887 "Solar Power Generation System and Its Abnormality Detection Method", which discloses A solar power generation system and an abnormality detection method thereof. The solar power generation system includes a maximum power tracking controller and an array of solar power generation units. The abnormality detection method of the solar power generation system includes: a standard duty cycle value establishment phase and a power supply phase.

In addition, in the aforementioned method for detecting abnormality of the solar power generation system of No. TW-I499887, during the establishment of the standard duty cycle value, the solar power generation unit is first checked to ensure that the solar power generation unit is normally generating electricity. Then, the maximum power tracking controller is used to output a control signal to the solar power generation unit, so that the solar power generation system outputs a maximum power, and a standard duty cycle range of the solar power generation unit is calculated.

Continuing with the above, the abnormal detection method of the solar power generation system of No. TW-I499887 mentioned above is also in the power supply phase, irregularly judging whether the responsibility period value of the solar power unit is within the corresponding standard responsibility period range, In order to determine whether the solar power generation unit has abnormal power generation.

However, the aforementioned method for detecting abnormality of the solar power generation system in No. TW-I499887 is only applicable to the grid that has been integrated into the power grid. It is generally judged during the power supply stage whether the solar power generation unit’s duty cycle value is within its corresponding standard responsibility. Within the period range, but it does not provide how to perform or complete the abnormal test method and system of solar panel power generation characteristic curve when the grid is not connected or disconnected from the grid, so as to be suitable for abnormal test operations when the grid is not connected to the grid or disconnected from the grid.

Another conventional solar panel power generation abnormality detection method and its system or related technologies that have been integrated into the power grid, such as: US Patent Publication No. US-20160019323 "Solar Power Generation System, Abnormality Determination Processing Device, Abnormality Determination Processing Method, "and Program" patent application, which discloses a solar panel power generation abnormality detection system. A solar power generation system includes a solar power generation module (solar power generation module), a power measurement unit (power measurement unit), an inverter (inverter), a solar illuminance meter (abnormality determination unit), and a power generation abnormality detection unit. Power measurement unit [power measurement unit].

However, the aforementioned solar panel power generation abnormality detection system of US-20160019323 must use the solar illuminance meter and the generation abnormality detection unit, and the generation abnormality detection unit is connected to the power measurement unit in order to read the power Power data of the measurement unit. Therefore, the solar panel power generation anomaly detection system and method have the disadvantage of complicated system structure and its detection operation.

In fact, the aforementioned solar panel power generation abnormality detection system of US-20160019323 is only applicable to the operation of the solar illuminance meter, power generation abnormality detection unit, and power measurement unit that have been integrated into the power grid, but it is not provided for unconsolidated How to execute or complete the abnormal test method and system of solar panel power generation characteristic curve when the power grid is or is disconnected from the power grid, so as to apply to the power grid or disconnected from the power grid Abnormal test operation under the power grid.

Another conventional solar panel power generation abnormality detection method and its system or related technologies that have been integrated into the power grid, such as: US Patent Publication No. US-20130300449 "Solar Power Generation System, Abnormality Detection Method, and Abnormality Detection System" Patent application, which discloses another solar panel power generation abnormality detection system. The solar panel power generation abnormality detection system is connected to a solar battery [solar battery], and the solar battery includes a current detection unit [current detection unit] and a voltage detection unit [voltage detection unit]. The solar panel power generation abnormality detection system includes a characteristic calculation unit (characteristic calculation unit), an abnormality detection unit (abnormality detection unit), and an environment measurement unit (environment measurement unit).

However, the aforementioned solar panel power generation anomaly detection system of US-20130300449 must use the current detection unit, voltage detection unit, characteristic calculation unit, anomaly detection unit, and environmental measurement unit, and the current detection unit And the voltage detection unit is connected to the solar cell so as to read the current and voltage data of the solar cell. Therefore, the solar panel power generation anomaly detection system and method have the disadvantage of complicated system structure and its detection operation.

In fact, the aforementioned anomaly detection method of the solar power generation system of US-20130300449 is only applicable to the operation of the current detection unit, voltage detection unit, characteristic calculation unit, anomaly detection unit, and environmental measurement that have been integrated into the power grid. Unit, but it does not provide how to perform or complete the abnormal test method and system of solar panel power generation characteristic curve when it is not connected to the grid or disconnected from the grid, so as to be suitable for abnormal test operations when the grid is not connected to the grid or disconnected from the grid.

Another conventional solar panel power generation abnormality detection method and its system or related technology that has been integrated into the power grid, such as: Republic of China Patent Publication No. TW-I595744 "Solar panel power generation abnormality test method and its system The invention patent of "Union", which discloses a method for testing abnormal solar panel power generation and its operating system.

Continuing, the method of No. TW-I595744 mentioned above includes: using a power converter to directly control a solar cell module to operate at a number of predetermined voltage points, and using the predetermined voltage point measurements to obtain a number of measurements Current; use the plurality of predetermined voltage points and the plurality of measured currents to calculate a plurality of first power data; and use the plurality of first power data to compare with a first power generation characteristic curve; or, use the power converter Directly control the solar cell module to operate at a number of predetermined current points, and use the predetermined current points to measure to obtain a number of measured voltages; use the predetermined current points and the number of measured voltages to calculate the number of Two power data; and comparing the plurality of second power data with a second power generation characteristic curve to test whether the solar cell module generates abnormally.

However, the aforementioned solar panel power generation abnormality test method No. TW-I595744 requires to calculate a large number of the first power data or the second power data, but it still provides a simplified solar panel power generation Characteristic or its curve abnormality test method and system requirements are provided for preliminary abnormality test operations.

In fact, the aforementioned abnormal detection method of the solar power generation system of No. TW-I595744 is only applicable to the calculation of several pieces of the first power data or several pieces of the second power data that have been integrated into the power grid, but it is not provided in the unconsolidated How to perform or complete the abnormal test method and system of the solar panel power generation characteristic curve when the power grid is or is disconnected from the power grid, so as to be suitable for abnormal test operations when the power grid is not connected to the power grid or the power grid is disconnected.

Obviously, the conventional solar panel power generation anomaly detection method and system must have further requirements for the structure and method of its power generation anomaly detection system that is not connected to the power grid. The aforementioned patent application is only a reference for the technical background of the present invention and an explanation of the current state of technology development, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

In view of this, in order to meet the above technical problems and needs, the present invention provides an off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method and system, which utilizes a disconnectable test load unit to connect at least one solar cell module when it is not connected to the power grid. The detachable test load unit includes a test switch, so that the detachable test load unit can be disconnected or connected to the solar cell module by the test switch, and then a power converter (or inverter) is used.器] Control the solar cell module to measure several measurement voltages and several measurement currents, and calculate several measurement powers using several measurement voltages and several measurement currents, and use several measurement powers. The measured power is compared with the abnormal characteristics of a power generation curve. Therefore, compared with the conventional solar panel power generation anomaly detection system and method that has been integrated into the power grid, it can provide a solar panel power generation that is not connected to the power grid or disconnected from the power grid. Abnormal test.

The main purpose of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is to provide an off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method and system, which connects a disconnectable test load unit to at least one solar cell module when the power grid is not connected to the power grid. The cut-off test load unit includes a test switch, so that the test switch can be used to cut off the cut-off test load unit or connect to the solar battery module, and then a power converter (or inverter) is used to control the solar energy The battery module measures several measurement voltages and several measurement currents, and uses several of the measurement voltages and several of the measurement currents to calculate several measurement powers, and uses several of the measurement powers and one The abnormal characteristics of the power generation curve are compared to achieve the purpose of abnormal test operations when the grid is not connected or disconnected from the grid.

Another object of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is to provide an off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method and system, which connects a disconnectable test load unit to at least one solar cell module when the power grid is not connected, and the The detachable test load unit includes a test switch, so that the detachable test load unit can be disconnected from or connected to the solar cell module by the test switch, and then a power converter (or inverter) is used to control the quantity To measure the solar cell module, select at least one first reference point voltage and at least one first reference from the plurality of measurement voltages and the plurality of measurement currents between a first near-maximum power point and a near-short-circuit current point Point current, and use the first reference point voltage and the first reference point current to calculate at least one first reference point power, and use the first reference point power to compare with an abnormal characteristic of a first power generation curve to achieve simplified power generation The purpose of abnormal testing procedures and reducing the cost of abnormal power generation testing.

Another object of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is to provide an off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method and system, which connects a disconnectable test load unit to at least one solar cell module when the power grid is not connected, and the The detachable test load unit includes a test switch, so that the detachable test load unit can be disconnected from or connected to the solar cell module by the test switch, and then a power converter (or inverter) is used to control the quantity To measure the solar cell module, select at least one second reference point voltage and at least one second reference from the plurality of measurement voltages and the plurality of measurement currents between a second near maximum power point and a near open circuit voltage point Point current, and use the second reference point voltage and the second reference point current to calculate at least one second reference point power, and use the second reference point power to compare the abnormal characteristics of a second power generation curve to test the solar energy Whether the battery module is abnormal in power generation, in order to simplify the operation procedure of abnormal power generation test and reduce the cost of abnormal power generation test.

In order to achieve the above objective, the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes:

A disconnectable test load unit is used to connect at least one solar cell module when the power grid is not connected, and the disconnectable test load unit includes a test switch, so that the disconnectable test load unit can be used with the test switch Cut off or connect the solar cell module;

Use a power converter (or inverter) to control the solar cell module to measure several measuring voltages and several measuring currents; and

A number of the measured voltages and a number of the measured currents are used to calculate a number of measured powers, and the number of measured powers are compared with an abnormal characteristic of a power generation curve.

The preferred embodiment of the present invention uses another disconnectable test load unit to connect to another solar cell module, and the other disconnectable test load unit includes another test switch, so that the other test switch is used to connect the Another disconnectable test load unit disconnects or connects to the other solar cell module, and uses another power converter (or inverter) to control the other solar cell module to measure several other quantities Measure voltage and several other measurement currents, and use several of the other measurement voltages and several of the other measurement currents to calculate several other measurement powers, and use several of the other measurement powers and The abnormal characteristics of the power generation curve are compared.

The detachable test load unit of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is selected from a virtual load unit, a UPS unit, an energy storage unit or any combination thereof.

In order to achieve the above objective, the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes:

A disconnectable test load unit is used to connect at least one solar cell module when the power grid is not connected, and the disconnectable test load unit includes a test switch, so that the disconnectable test load unit can be used with the test switch Cut off or connect the solar cell module;

Use a power converter (or inverter) to control the solar cell module, and measure several measurement voltages and several measurement currents in the solar cell module;

Select a first near-maximum power point and a near-short-circuit current point in a first power generation curve section or a full section of a power generation curve;

Selecting at least one first reference point voltage and at least one first reference point current from the plurality of measurement voltages and the plurality of measurement currents between the first near-maximum power point and near-short-circuit current point;

Using the first reference point voltage and the first reference point current to calculate at least one first reference point power; and

The power of the first reference point is compared with an abnormal characteristic of a first power generation curve to compare whether it is abnormal.

The first near maximum power point in the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a first maximum power point.

The first near maximum power point or the first maximum power point in the preferred embodiment of the present invention is used to calculate a fill factor characteristic (the ratio of the maximum output power to the product of the short circuit current and the open circuit voltage).

The near short-circuit current point in the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a short-circuit current point.

The currents between the near short-circuit current point or short-circuit current point and the first near maximum power point or the first maximum power point in the preferred embodiment of the present invention are used to calculate a current ratio characteristic.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first reference point is located between a first maximum power point and a short-circuit current point.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a test unit selection configuration is connected to the power converter, or the test unit selection configuration is connected to a near-end device, and the near-end device is connected to communicate with the power converter.

The near-end device of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is used to perform an advanced test operation for abnormal power generation.

In order to achieve the above objective, the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes:

A disconnectable test load unit is used to connect at least one solar cell module when the power grid is not connected, and the disconnectable test load unit includes a test switch, so that the disconnectable test load unit can be used with the test switch Cut off or connect the solar cell module;

Use an electric energy converter (or inverter) to control the solar cell module, and measure several measurement voltages on the solar cell module and Several measuring currents;

Select a second near maximum power point and a near open circuit voltage point in a second power generation curve section or a full section of a power generation curve;

Selecting at least one second reference point voltage and at least one second reference point current from the plurality of measurement voltages and the plurality of measurement currents between the second near maximum power point and near open circuit voltage point;

Using the second reference point voltage and the second reference point current to calculate at least one second reference point power; and

The power of the second reference point is compared with an abnormal characteristic of a second power generation curve to compare whether it is abnormal.

The second near maximum power point in the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a second maximum power point.

The second near maximum power point or the second maximum power point in the preferred embodiment of the present invention is used to calculate a fill factor characteristic (the ratio of the maximum output power to the product of the short-circuit current and the open-circuit voltage).

The near-open-circuit voltage point in the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes an open-circuit voltage point.

The near-open-circuit voltage point or the voltage at the second near-maximum power point or the second-maximum power point in the preferred embodiment of the present invention is used to calculate a voltage ratio characteristic.

The second reference point in the preferred embodiment of the present invention is located between a second maximum power point and an open circuit voltage point.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a test unit selection configuration is connected to the power converter, or the test unit selection configuration is connected to a near-end device, and the near-end device is connected to the power converter for communication.

In order to achieve the above objective, the offline solar panel power generation abnormality test system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes:

At least one solar cell module, which includes several sub-modules;

At least one power converter connected to the solar cell module group;

A test unit, which is connected to the electric energy converter in a selective configuration;

A detachable test load unit connected to the solar cell module when it is not connected to the grid; and

A test switch for disconnecting or connecting the detachable test load unit to the solar cell module, and the detachable test load unit includes a test switch, so that the detachable test load unit can be tested by the test switch The load unit is disconnected from or connected to the solar cell module;

The disconnectable test load unit is used to connect to the solar cell module when the power grid is not connected, and the solar cell module is controlled by the power converter to measure several measurement voltages and several measurement currents. A plurality of the measured voltages and a plurality of the measured currents are used to calculate a plurality of measured powers, and a plurality of the measured powers are used to compare with an abnormal characteristic of a power generation curve.

The preferred embodiment of the present invention uses another disconnectable test load unit to connect to another solar cell module, and the other disconnectable test load unit includes another test switch, so that the other test switch is used to connect the Another disconnectable test load unit disconnects or connects to the other solar cell module, and uses another power converter (or inverter) to control the other solar cell module to measure several other quantities Measure voltage and several other measurement currents, and use several of the other measurement voltages and several of the other measurement currents to calculate several other measurement powers, and use several of the other measurement powers and The abnormal characteristics of the power generation curve are compared.

The detachable test load unit of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is selected from a virtual load unit, a UPS unit, an energy storage unit or any combination thereof.

In order to achieve the above objective, the offline solar panel power generation abnormality test system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes:

At least one solar cell module, which includes several sub-modules;

At least one electric energy converter connected to the solar cell module;

A test unit, which is connected to the electric energy converter in a selective configuration;

A detachable test load unit connected to the solar cell module when it is not connected to the grid; and

A test switch for disconnecting or connecting the detachable test load unit to the solar cell module, and the detachable test load unit includes a test switch, so that the detachable test load unit can be tested by the test switch The load unit is disconnected from or connected to the solar cell module;

The power converter is controlled and operated by the test unit, and a number of measurement voltages and a number of measurement currents are measured in the solar cell module, and a first power generation curve section or a power generation curve full section is selected. A near maximum power point and a near short-circuit current point, and at least one first reference point is selected from the plurality of measurement voltages and a plurality of measurement currents between the first near maximum power point and the near short-circuit current point, and Measure at least one first reference point voltage and at least one first reference point current at the first reference point, and use the first reference point voltage and first reference point current to calculate at least one first reference point power, and use the Compare the power at the first reference point with the abnormal characteristic of a first power generation curve to see if it is abnormal; if it is abnormal, further compare the several measured voltages and several measured currents with the abnormal characteristic of the first power generation curve to achieve Lightweight or simplified processing of adaptive data; or

The power converter is controlled by the test unit, and a second near maximum power point and a near open circuit voltage point are selected in a second power generation curve section or the entire section of the power generation curve, and at the second near maximum power point At least one second reference point is selected from the plurality of measurement voltages and the plurality of measurement currents between and near the open circuit voltage point, and at least one second reference point voltage and at least one second reference are measured at the second reference point Point the current, and use the first Two reference point voltages and second reference point currents are used to calculate at least one second reference point power, and the second reference point power is used to compare the abnormal characteristics of a second power generation curve to see if it is abnormal; if it is abnormal, the several quantities The measured voltage and several measured currents are further compared with the abnormal characteristics of the second power generation curve to achieve lightweight or simplified processing of adaptive data.

The first near maximum power point in the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a first maximum power point.

The first near maximum power point or the first maximum power point in the preferred embodiment of the present invention is used to calculate a fill factor characteristic (the ratio of the maximum output power to the product of the short circuit current and the open circuit voltage).

The near short-circuit current point in the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a short-circuit current point.

The currents between the near short-circuit current point or short-circuit current point and the first near maximum power point or the first maximum power point in the preferred embodiment of the present invention are used to calculate a current ratio characteristic.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first reference point is located between a first maximum power point and a short-circuit current point.

The second near maximum power point in the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a second maximum power point.

The second near maximum power point or the second maximum power point in the preferred embodiment of the present invention is used to calculate a fill factor characteristic (the ratio of the maximum output power to the product of the short-circuit current and the open-circuit voltage).

The near-open-circuit voltage point in the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes an open-circuit voltage point.

The near-open-circuit voltage point or the voltage at the second near-maximum power point or the second-maximum power point in the preferred embodiment of the present invention is used to calculate a voltage ratio characteristic.

The second reference point in the preferred embodiment of the present invention is located between a second maximum power point and an open circuit voltage point.

【00125】

1‧‧‧Solar battery module

1a‧‧‧Solar cell module

10‧‧‧Submodule

11‧‧‧Solar battery unit

12‧‧‧Bypass diode

2‧‧‧Electric energy converter

2a‧‧‧Test unit

20‧‧‧Inverter

20a‧‧‧Inverter

21‧‧‧DC-DC step-up power converter

22‧‧‧Transmission Module

3‧‧‧Releasable test load unit

3a‧‧‧Releasable test load unit

30‧‧‧Test switch

30a‧‧‧Test switch

4‧‧‧Test system

40‧‧‧Operation Panel

Figure 1: A schematic diagram of the structure of an offline solar cell module in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2: A schematic diagram of the structure of an off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test system according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3: A schematic diagram of the curves of various abnormal power generation states using solar cell modules in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4: A schematic flow diagram of an off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5: A schematic flow diagram of an off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5A: A schematic diagram of an off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention selecting the first reference point to perform the test operation in the first power generation curve section.

Fig. 6: A schematic flow diagram of an off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6A: A schematic diagram of an off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of another preferred embodiment of the present invention selecting a second reference point in the second power generation curve section to perform the test operation.

Fig. 7: A schematic diagram of the structure of an off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test system according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention.

In order to fully understand the present invention, preferred embodiments are exemplified below and described in detail with the accompanying drawings, and they are not intended to limit the present invention.

The off-line solar panel power generation abnormality [power generation characteristic abnormality] test method and system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention are applicable to various types of solar cell modules, including substrate solar cells or thin-film solar cells, and it is also applicable to various types of solar cell modules. Solar cell module material, which contains single Monocrystalline silicon solar cells, polycrystalline silicon solar cells or amorphous silicon solar cells are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

For example, the off-line or other solar panel power generation abnormality test method and the system in the preferred embodiment of the present invention are suitable for unconnected power grids and the system adopts the technical term "unconnected to the grid", which is defined as including "newly assembled solar panels" "Unconnected or disconnected from the grid", "maintenance of solar panels that are not connected to the grid or connected to the grid", or "not connected to the grid or connected to the grid with poorly installed solar panels", etc., but they are not used to limit the cost The scope of the invention.

For example, the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method and system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention adopts the technical term "power generation curve abnormal characteristics", which is defined as including curve step (step) or notch (notch) characteristics, low current [Low current] characteristics, low voltage [low voltage] characteristics, rounder knee characteristics, vertical shallow slope in vertical leg characteristics, horizontal deep slope in horizontal leg characteristics, or various other characteristics Abnormal power generation characteristics, but they are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

For example, the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method and system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention adopts the technical term "power generation characteristics", which is defined as including fill factor characteristics (the product of maximum output power and short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage) Ratio], current ratio characteristics, voltage ratio characteristics, or other various solar panel power generation characteristics or any combination thereof for a series of comparisons, but they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the offline solar cell module adopted in the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to Figure 1, a solar cell module 1 includes a number of sub-modules [serial connection body] 10 and a number of bypass [bypass] diodes 12, and each sub-module 10 includes a number of solar energy Solar cell 11, and the solar battery cells 11 are connected in series. The sub-modules 10 of the plurality of solar cell modules 1 are connected to one or more of the bypass diodes 12 in parallel.

Please refer to Figure 1 again. For example, when the ambient temperature is fixed and there is no shade, and when the solar cell module 1 can generate electricity normally, the solar cell module 1 can produce different solar illuminances according to different solar illuminances. The output voltage-current curve [VI curve], so its output can produce different voltage-power curves [VP curve]. Similarly, under the condition of fixed solar illuminance and no shade, and when the solar cell module 1 can generate power normally, the solar cell module 1 can also generate different output voltage-current curves according to different ambient temperatures. Also output can generate different voltage-power curves.

Please refer to Figure 1 again, the solar cell module 1 is electrically connected to a power converter (for example: a full-bridge power converter) 2, and a test unit 2a [or test system] is selectively connected to The power converter 2 is shown at the bottom left of the first figure, and the power converter 2 is an inverter [PV inverter] or a micro inverter, so that the power generated by the solar cell module 1 can be processed Convert output. For example, when the electrical energy converter 2 is operating, the maximum power tracking (MPPT) operation is usually performed appropriately according to the change of solar illuminance. In this way, the output voltage or output current of the solar cell module 1 is selectively controlled under different solar illuminances to achieve control at its maximum power operating point.

Please refer to Figure 1 again, another preferred embodiment of the present invention selects and configures the test unit 2a (or test system) to connect to a near-end device (or other test system), a mobile communication device [mobile communication device] ], a portable device (portable device) or other devices with similar functions, and the near-end device, mobile communication device or portable device is connected to the power converter 2 for communication.

Figure 2 discloses the offline type of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention Schematic diagram of the solar panel power generation abnormality test system. Please refer to Figures 1 and 2, the off-line or abnormal solar panel power generation test system suitable for the unconnected grid in the first preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a disconnectable test load unit (or, switchable) Test load unit] 3, a test switch 30 and a test system 4.

Please refer to Figures 1 and 2. For example, the detachable test load unit 3 is selected from a dummy load unit, a UPS unit, an energy storage (ESS) unit or any combination thereof. And according to the specifications of the solar cell module 1, the specifications of the detachable test load unit 3 are appropriately selected, and the test switch 30 is connected to the detachable test load unit 3 and in an offline state or not connected to the power grid. Between solar cell modules 1. For another example, the test switch 30 can be optionally connected to a control unit or an automatic control unit, but it is not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

Please refer to Figures 1 and 2. For example, the test system 4 is electrically connected to a number of inverters 20 (such as the power converter 2 in Figure 1), so that it can pass through a number of inverters that are not connected to the grid. The inverter 20 controls and tests a number of the solar cell modules 1 that are not connected to the grid to generate electricity. At this time, the inverter 20 or the electric energy converter 2 stops performing the maximum power tracking operation in advance for a predetermined time. The solar battery module 1 is a single solar battery module, a string of solar battery modules or several strings of solar battery modules, and the power converter 2 is an inverter connected to a series of modules, and a micro inverter Or equipment with functions similar to inverters.

Please refer to Figures 1 and 2 again. Several of the solar cell modules 1 are connected to the detachable test load unit 3 through a number of inverters 20, and are not connected to a mains system, as shown in Figure 2 Shown on the right. When a plurality of the solar cell modules 1 are controlled and tested through a plurality of the inverters 20, the test power generation of the plurality of the solar cell modules 1 is still recovered and output to the cut-off test load unit 3 to improve it Power generation utilization rate. The test of the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test system of another preferred embodiment of the present invention The system 4 is optionally integrated and installed on the inverter 20, that is, the inverter 20 has a power generation abnormality test function and other functions (for example, a maximum power tracking function) to provide multiple operation functions.

Please refer to Figures 1 and 2, another preferred embodiment of the present invention is suitable for the test system 4 that is not connected to the power grid, and the test system 4 is selected to be separately arranged in the inverter 20, and the test system 4 is separately arranged. In a test device (for example, a near-end device), and the test device includes an operation panel 40 for field personnel to operate and set the test system 4. Another preferred embodiment of the present invention is suitable for the test system 4 that is not connected to the power grid to connect a single or several inverters 20, and the operation panel 40 can be used to operate and set the test system 4.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of various power generation abnormalities occurring in a solar cell module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to Figure 3, the various abnormal power generation states of the solar cell module include: A, curved steps or depressions (shown by the curved dotted line in the middle of Figure 3); B, low current (dashed arrow on the upper left of Figure 3) Shown]; C, low voltage (shown by the dashed arrow at the bottom right of Figure 3); D, bent knees (shown by the dashed line on the upper right of Figure 3); E, shallow slope of the vertical zone [right of Figure 3 Shown by the dashed line]; F, the deep slope of the horizontal zone [shown by the upper dashed line in Figure 3].

[00100] Fig. 4 shows a schematic flow diagram of an off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to Figure 4, the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of the preferred embodiment of the present invention selects a power generation characteristic curve, which includes a voltage-power [VP] curve or a voltage-current [VI] curve. And the voltage-power [VP] curve or the voltage-current [VI] curve has a maximum power point [MPP, maximum power point].

[00101] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes step S1: For example, first, use the power grid without connecting to the power grid. Cut-off test load sheet The cell 3 is connected to the solar cell module 1, and the detachable test load unit 3 includes the test switch 30, so that the detachable test load unit 3 can be selected to be automatically [automatically], Cut off or connect the solar cell module 1 semi-automatically or manually.

[00102] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 again. The off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes step S2: For example, the power conversion is used when the power grid is not connected. The inverter 2 or the inverter 20 controls and operates the solar cell module 1 and measures several measurement voltages and several measurement currents in the solar cell module 1.

[00103] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 again. The off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes step S3: For example, using appropriate technical means to use several of these quantities The measured voltage and a plurality of the measured currents are calculated to calculate a plurality of measured powers, and the plurality of measured powers are compared with an abnormal characteristic of a power generation curve.

[00104] Figure 5 shows a schematic flow diagram of an off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5A shows a schematic diagram of an off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. The first reference point is selected in the first power generation curve section to perform the test operation, which corresponds to the solar panel power generation abnormality in Figure 5 testing method. Please refer to FIG. 5A, the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of another preferred embodiment of the present invention is selected to be executed in a first power generation curve section, and the first power generation curve section has a short-circuit current point Isc, such as Shown on the left side of Figure 5A.

[00105] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, 3, 5, and 5A, the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of another preferred embodiment of the present invention includes step S11: For example, first, when the grid is not connected to the grid Next, the detachable test load unit 3 is used to connect the solar cell module 1, and the detachable test load unit 3 includes the test switch 30, so as to use the test switch 30 The disconnectable test load unit 3 can be disconnected or connected to the solar cell module 1 in an automatic, semi-automatic or manual manner.

[00106] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, 3, 5 and 5A, the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of another preferred embodiment of the present invention includes step S12: For example, then, when the grid is not connected to the grid Next, the power converter 2 or inverter 20 is used to control the solar cell module 1, and the solar cell module 1 measures several measurement voltages and several measurement currents, and the several measurement voltages and The reference positions of the several measured currents are selected from various reference positions of the power generation characteristic curve.

[00107] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, 3, 5, and 5A again. The off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of another preferred embodiment of the present invention includes step S13: For example, then, use appropriate technology Means (for example: automatic, semi-automatic or manual) select a first near maximum power point and a near short-circuit current point in a first power generation curve section or a full power generation curve section, as shown on the left side of Figure 5A.

[00108] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, 3, 5, and 5A again. An off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of another preferred embodiment of the present invention includes step S14: For example, then, use appropriate technology Means (for example: automatic, semi-automatic or manual) between the first near-maximum power point (or maximum power point) and near-short-circuit current point (or short-circuit current point) from the several measurement voltages and several measurements The current selects at least one first reference point voltage V(a) and at least one first reference point current I(a), which are located at a first reference point a, as shown in the left and middle positions of FIG. 5A.

[00109] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, 3, 5, and 5A again. The off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of another preferred embodiment of the present invention includes step S15: For example, then, use appropriate technology The method uses the first reference point voltage V(a) and the first reference point current I(a) to calculate at least one first reference point power P(a) in the test unit 2a or the test system 4, as shown on the left side of Figure 5A And shown in the middle position.

[00110] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, 3, 5, and 5A again. The off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of another preferred embodiment of the present invention includes step S16: For example, then, use appropriate technology The method uses the first reference point power P(a) in the test unit 2a or test system 4 (or near-end test system or other test system) to compare with the abnormal characteristics of a first power generation curve (as shown in Figure 3) Whether it is abnormal or not, in order to reduce the amount of abnormal power generation test data processing; if it is abnormal, the several measured voltages and several measured currents (stored in the near-end device) and the abnormal characteristics of the first power generation curve are further advanced Comparison is to compare the abnormality of the overall first power generation curve; on the contrary, if there is no abnormality, there is no need to perform advanced comparison at all, so as to reduce the amount of abnormal power generation test data processing.

[00111] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, 5 and 5A again. For example, the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of another preferred embodiment of the present invention is alternatively selected in the test unit 2a or the test system 4 Execute the first near maximum power point or the first maximum power point to calculate a fill factor characteristic (the ratio of the maximum output power to the product of the short-circuit current and the open-circuit voltage); or, the near short-circuit current point or the short-circuit current point and the first A current near the maximum power point or the first maximum power point is used to calculate a current ratio characteristic, which is compared with a standard value to determine whether the solar cell module 1 is generating abnormally, so as to obtain a comparison result or a comparison result. Test Results.

[00112] Figure 6 shows a schematic flow diagram of an off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6A shows a schematic diagram of an off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. The second reference point is selected in the second power generation curve section to perform the test operation, which corresponds to the off-line solar panel in Fig. 6 Test method for abnormal power generation. Please refer to Figure 6A, the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of another preferred embodiment of the present invention is selected to be executed in a second power generation curve section, and the second power generation curve section has an open circuit voltage point Voc, such as Shown on the right side of Figure 6A.

[00113] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, 3, 6 and 6A, the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of another preferred embodiment of the present invention includes step S21: For example, first, when the grid is not connected Next, the detachable test load unit 3 is used to connect the solar cell module 1, and the detachable test load unit 3 includes the test switch 30, so that the detachable test load unit is used by the test switch 30 3 The solar cell module 1 can be disconnected or connected in an automatic, semi-automatic or manual manner.

[00114] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, 3, 6 and 6A, the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of another preferred embodiment of the present invention includes step S22: For example, then, when the grid is not connected to the grid Next, the power converter 2 or inverter 20 is used to control the solar cell module 1, and the solar cell module 1 measures several measurement voltages and several measurement currents, and the several measurement voltages and The reference positions of the several measured currents are selected from various reference positions of the power generation characteristic curve.

[00115] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, 3, 6 and 6A again, the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of another preferred embodiment of the present invention includes step S23: For example, then, use appropriate technology Means (for example: automatic, semi-automatic or manual) select a second near maximum power point and a near open circuit voltage point in a second power generation curve section or a full power generation curve section, as shown on the right side of Figure 6A.

[00116] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, 3, 6 and 6A again, the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of another preferred embodiment of the present invention includes step S24: For example, then, use appropriate technology Means (for example: automatic or manual) select at least one second reference point voltage V(b) and at least one between the second near maximum power point (or maximum power point) and near open circuit voltage point (or open circuit voltage point) A second reference point current I(b), which is located at a second reference point b, as shown on the right side of Fig. 6A.

[00117] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, 3, 6 and 6A again, the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of another preferred embodiment of the present invention includes Step S25: For example, next, use the second reference point voltage V(b) and the second reference point current I(b) to calculate at least one second reference point in the test unit 2a or the test system 4 by appropriate technical means Power P(b), as shown on the right side of Figure 6A.

[00118] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, 3, 6 and 6A again, the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of another preferred embodiment of the present invention includes step S26: For example, then, use appropriate technology The method uses the second reference point power P(b) in the test unit 2a or test system 4 (or near-end test system or other test system) to compare with the abnormal characteristics of a second power generation curve (as shown in Figure 3) Whether it is abnormal or not, in order to reduce the amount of abnormal power generation test data processing; if abnormal, the several measured voltages and several measured currents (stored in the near-end device) and the abnormal characteristics of the second power generation curve are further advanced Comparison, that is, the overall abnormal comparison of the second power generation curve; on the contrary, if there is no abnormality, there is no need to perform advanced comparison at all, so as to reduce the amount of abnormal power generation test data processing.

[00119] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, 3, 6 and 6A again. For example, the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of another preferred embodiment of the present invention is used in the test unit 2a or the test system 4 [Or near-end test system or other test system] Optionally execute the second near maximum power point or the second maximum power point to calculate a fill factor characteristic [the ratio of the maximum output power to the product of the short-circuit current and the open circuit voltage]; Or, the current between the near open circuit voltage point or the open circuit voltage point and the second near maximum power point or the second maximum power point is used to calculate a voltage ratio characteristic so that it can be compared with a standard value to determine the solar cell model Whether the power generation of group 1 is abnormal.

[00120] Please refer to Figures 5A and 6A again, the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method of another preferred embodiment of the present invention is selected to be executed in the first power generation curve interval [as shown in Figure 5A] and The second power generation curve section (as shown in Figure 6A) or the entire power generation curve section, or simultaneous or simultaneous selection and execution in the first power generation curve section and the second power generation curve section or Full range of power generation curve.

FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of an off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test system according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to Figure 7, the second preferred embodiment of the present invention uses [several] another detachable test load unit 3a to connect [several] another solar cell module 1a, and each of the other solar cell modules 1a The detachable test load unit 3a includes another test switch 30a, so that the other detachable test load unit 3a can be disconnected from or connected to the other solar cell module 1a by the other test switch 30a, and used Another electric energy converter (or inverter 20a) controls each of the other solar cell modules 1a to measure several other measurement voltages and several other measurement currents, and use several of the other measurements The measured voltage and a plurality of the other measured currents are calculated to calculate a plurality of the other measured powers, and the plurality of the other measured powers are compared with the abnormal characteristics of the power generation curve to obtain a comparison result.

Please refer to Figure 7 again, the test system 4 of the second preferred embodiment of the present invention (for example: a near-end test system or other test system) is electrically connected in parallel to several other power converters [or inverse A converter 20a], and a DC-DC boost type power converter 21 is provided between the other solar cell module 1a and the other power converter (or inverter 20a).

Please refer to Figure 7 again, the second preferred embodiment of the present invention uses appropriate technical means to select at least one or more of the inverter 20a and the other disconnectable test load unit when the grid is not connected to the grid. 3a Switch to the test state of at least one or several of the other solar cell module 1a, while the other solar cell module 1a is in the state to be tested, to find the position of the other solar cell module 1a that generates abnormal power .

The foregoing preferred embodiments only illustrate the present invention and its technical features. The technology of this embodiment can still be implemented with various substantially equivalent modifications and/or alternatives; therefore, the scope of rights of the present invention shall be subject to a patent application. The scope defined by the scope shall prevail. The copyright in this case is restricted to the use of patent applications in the Republic of China.

1‧‧‧Solar battery module

20‧‧‧Inverter

3‧‧‧Releasable test load unit

30‧‧‧Test switch

4‧‧‧Test system

40‧‧‧Operation Panel

Claims (28)

An off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method, which includes: using a disconnectable test load unit to connect at least one solar cell module in a non-grid state with respect to a mains power grid, and the disconnectable test load The unit includes a test switch, so that the disconnectable test load unit can be disconnected from or connected to the solar cell module by the test switch, and the disconnectable test load unit and its test switch form an unconnected grid or switch. The off-grid test unit; the off-grid or off-grid test unit is used to test a newly assembled module or a repaired module of the solar cell module; a power converter is used to control the solar cell module for measurement Several measurement voltages and several measurement currents; and several measurement voltages and several measurement currents can be used to calculate several measurement powers, and several measurement powers and a generation curve can be selected to be used Compare the abnormal characteristics. An off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method, which includes: using a disconnectable test load unit to connect at least one solar cell module in a non-grid state with respect to a mains power grid, and the disconnectable test load The unit includes a test switch, so that the detachable test load unit can be disconnected or connected to the solar cell module by the test switch; the solar cell module is controlled by a power converter, and the solar cell module is measured Measure several measurement voltages and several measurement currents; select a first near-maximum power point and a near-short-circuit current point in a first power generation curve section or a full section of a power generation curve; at the first near-maximum power point and Select at least one first reference point voltage and at least one first reference point current from the several measurement voltages and several measurement currents between the short-circuit current points; the first reference point voltage and the first reference point can be selected to be used Current calculation of at least one first reference point power; and The power at the first reference point can be selected to compare with an abnormal characteristic of a first power generation curve to see if it is abnormal. According to the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method described in item 2 of the scope of patent application, the first near maximum power point includes a first maximum power point. According to the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method described in item 3 of the scope of patent application, the first near maximum power point or the first maximum power point is used to calculate a fill factor characteristic. According to the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method described in item 2 of the scope of patent application, the current between the near short-circuit current point or a short-circuit current point and the first near maximum power point or the first maximum power point is used to calculate a Current ratio characteristics. According to the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method described in item 2 of the scope of patent application, the first reference point is located between a first maximum power point and a short-circuit current point. An off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method, which includes: using a disconnectable test load unit to connect at least one solar cell module in a non-grid state with respect to a mains power grid, and the disconnectable test load The unit includes a test switch, so that the detachable test load unit can be disconnected or connected to the solar cell module by the test switch; the solar cell module is controlled by a power converter, and the solar cell module is measured Measure several measurement voltages and several measurement currents; select a second near maximum power point and a near open circuit voltage point in a second power generation curve section or a full section of a power generation curve; at the second near maximum power point and At least one second reference point voltage and at least one second reference point current are selected from the plurality of measurement voltages and the plurality of measurement currents between the near open circuit voltage points; the second reference point voltage and the second reference point can be selected to be used Current calculation of at least one second reference point power; and The second reference point power can be optionally used to compare the abnormal characteristics of a second power generation curve to see if it is abnormal. According to the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method described in item 7 of the scope of patent application, the second near maximum power point includes a second maximum power point. According to the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method described in item 8 of the scope of patent application, the second near maximum power point or the second maximum power point is used to calculate a fill factor characteristic. According to the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method described in item 7 of the scope of patent application, the near-open-circuit voltage point includes an open-circuit voltage point. According to the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method described in item 7 of the scope of patent application, the voltage at the near open circuit voltage point or an open circuit voltage and the voltage at the second near maximum power point or the second maximum power point are used to calculate a voltage Ratio characteristics. According to the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method described in item 7 of the scope of patent application, the second reference point is located between a second maximum power point and an open circuit voltage point. According to the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method described in item 1, 2 or 7 of the scope of patent application, another disconnectable test load unit is used to connect another solar cell module, and the other disconnectable The test load unit includes another test switch, so that the other detachable test load unit is disconnected from or connected to the other solar cell module by the other test switch, and the other power converter is used to control the other solar cell module. The solar cell module measures several other measurement voltages and several other measurement currents, and calculates several other measurement powers by using several other measurement voltages and several other measurement currents , And use several other measured powers to compare with the abnormal characteristics of the power generation curve. According to the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test method described in item 1, 2 or 7 of the scope of patent application, the detachable test load unit is selected from a virtual load unit, a UPS unit, an energy storage unit or any of them group Together. An off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test system, which includes: at least one solar cell module, which includes several sub-modules; at least one electric energy converter, which is connected to the solar cell module; and a test unit, which is selectively configured and connected In the power converter; a detachable test load unit connected to the solar cell module in an unconnected state with respect to a mains power grid; and a test switch for the detachable test load The unit is disconnected from or connected to the solar battery module, and the detachable test load unit includes a test switch, so that the detachable test load unit can be disconnected or connected to the solar battery module by using the test switch; wherein Use the disconnectable test load unit to connect to the solar cell module when the power grid is not connected, and use the power converter to control the solar cell module to measure several measuring voltages and several measuring currents, and You can choose to use several of the measured voltages and several of the measured currents to calculate several measured powers, and you can choose to use several of the measured powers to compare with an abnormal characteristic of a power generation curve. An off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test system, which includes: at least one solar cell module, which includes several sub-modules; at least one electric energy converter, which is connected to the solar cell module; and a test unit, which is selectively configured and connected In the power converter, or the test unit is selectively configured to connect to a near-end device or a remote device, and the near-end device or remote device is connected to the power converter; a detachable test load unit , Which is connected to the solar cell module in an unconnected state with respect to a mains power grid; and a test switch which disconnects or connects the detachable test load unit to the solar cell module, and the detachable test load unit is disconnected or connected to the solar cell module. The cut-off test load unit includes a test switch, so that the cut-off test load unit can be disconnected from or connected to the solar cell module by the test switch; wherein the power converter is controlled and operated by the test unit, and the power converter is controlled by the test unit. too The solar battery module measures several measurement voltages and several measurement currents, and selects a first near-maximum power point and a near-short-circuit current point in a first power generation curve section or a full section of a power generation curve. At least one first reference point is selected from the plurality of measurement voltages and the plurality of measurement currents between the first near-maximum power point and near-short-circuit current point, and at least one first reference point is measured at the first reference point Voltage and at least one first reference point current, and optionally using the first reference point voltage and first reference point current to calculate at least one first reference point power, and optionally using the first reference point power and a first power generation Compare whether the abnormal curve characteristics are abnormal; or the power converter is controlled by the test unit to select a second near-maximum power point and a near-open-circuit voltage point in a second power generation curve section or the entire section of the power generation curve, At least one second reference point is selected from the plurality of measurement voltages and the plurality of measurement currents between the second near-maximum power point and near-open-circuit voltage point, and at least one second reference point is measured at the second reference point Reference point voltage and at least one second reference point current, and can choose to use the second reference point voltage and second reference point current to calculate at least one second reference point power, and can choose to use the second reference point power and a second reference point power The abnormal characteristics of the second-stage power generation are compared to see if they are abnormal. According to the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test system described in item 16 of the scope of patent application, the first near maximum power point includes a first maximum power point. According to the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test system described in item 17 of the scope of patent application, the first near maximum power point or the first maximum power point is used to calculate a fill factor characteristic. According to the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test system described in item 16 of the scope of patent application, the near-short-circuit current point includes a short-circuit current point. According to the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test system described in item 16 of the scope of patent application, the current between the near short-circuit current point or a short-circuit current point and the first near maximum power point or the first maximum power point is used to calculate a Current ratio characteristics. According to the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test system described in item 16 of the scope of patent application, the first reference point is located between a first maximum power point and a short-circuit current point. According to the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test system described in item 16 of the scope of patent application, the second near maximum power point includes a second maximum power point. According to the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test system described in item 22 of the scope of patent application, the second near maximum power point or the second maximum power point is used to calculate a fill factor characteristic. According to the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test system described in item 16 of the scope of patent application, the near-open-circuit voltage point includes an open-circuit voltage point. According to the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test system described in item 16 of the scope of patent application, the voltage at the near open circuit voltage point or an open circuit voltage and the second near maximum power point or the voltage at the second maximum power point are used to calculate a voltage Ratio characteristics. According to the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test system described in item 16 of the scope of patent application, the second reference point is located between a second maximum power point and an open circuit voltage point. According to the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test system described in item 15 or 16 of the scope of patent application, another disconnectable test load unit is used to connect another solar cell module, and the other disconnectable test load The unit includes another test switch, so that the other detachable test load unit can be disconnected from or connected to the other solar cell module by using the other test switch, and the other solar cell is controlled by another power converter The module measures several other measurement voltages and several other measurement currents, and uses several other measurement voltages and several other measurement currents to calculate several other measurement powers, and A number of the other measured powers are compared with the abnormal characteristics of the power generation curve. According to the off-line solar panel power generation abnormality test system described in item 15 or 16 of the scope of patent application, the cut-off test load unit is selected from one Virtual load unit, a UPS unit, an energy storage unit or any combination thereof.

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