TWI698632B - Air Quality Inspection System - Google Patents
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- TWI698632B TWI698632B TW107112623A TW107112623A TWI698632B TW I698632 B TWI698632 B TW I698632B TW 107112623 A TW107112623 A TW 107112623A TW 107112623 A TW107112623 A TW 107112623A TW I698632 B TWI698632 B TW I698632B
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Abstract
本發明有關一種空氣品質檢測系統，係使用影像視覺偵測各種微粒指標參數，本發明設置於承載裝置以檢測空氣中複數種微粒參數，包括透明承載部、影像擷取單元、影像處理單元與顯示單元；藉此，本發明藉由光學鏡頭與感光元件之硬體設計，反覆偵測附著於影像擷取單元前端部之載玻片上各種微粒大小與數量，以即時計算各種微粒的單位體積質量或空氣品質指標參數供使用者參考與應對，有效解決現行空氣品質監測網設置之監測站無法涵蓋所有所在地缺點，確實達到簡單實用、方便普及、易於辨識與警示空氣品質優劣與減少硬體設置成本等優勢。 The present invention relates to an air quality detection system that uses image vision to detect various particle index parameters. The present invention is arranged on a carrying device to detect multiple particle parameters in the air, including a transparent carrying part, an image capturing unit, an image processing unit and a display Unit; thereby, the present invention uses the hardware design of the optical lens and the photosensitive element to repeatedly detect the size and quantity of various particles attached to the front end of the image capturing unit to calculate the unit volume mass of various particles or The air quality index parameters are provided for users to refer to and respond to, effectively solving the shortcomings of the current air quality monitoring network that cannot cover all the locations of the monitoring stations, and it is simple and practical, convenient to popularize, easy to identify and warn about the air quality and reduce the cost of hardware installation. Advantage.
Description
本發明係有關於一種空氣品質檢測系統，尤其是指一種使用影像視覺方式偵測空氣中各種微粒之參數的空氣品質檢測系統。 The present invention relates to an air quality detection system, in particular to an air quality detection system that uses image vision to detect the parameters of various particles in the air.
按，隨著生活水準的提升，人們對於生活周遭的空氣品質越來越重視，也因為科技與社會之進步，空氣中所包含的污染物也越來越多，例如二氧化碳(CO2)、一氧化碳(CO)、一氧化氮(NO)、一氧化硫(SO)、細懸浮微粒(PM1、PM2.5)、懸浮微粒(PM10)或揮發性有機物(Volatile Organic Compound，VOC)等，皆會對人體的健康造成影響，嚴重者甚至會危害到生命安全，因此，民眾已經逐漸養成出門前上網查看即時空氣品質監測數據的習慣，以即時針對空氣品質的好壞做出相對應的防護措施；近年來，在這些空氣汙染物中，最引人注意的非懸浮微粒(particulate matter，PM)莫屬，其中PM2.5於單位空器體積中之質量則是重要的指標參數之一，PM2.5是指懸浮微粒小於或等於2.5微米的粒子，以人體最細小的頭髮直徑來說，細懸浮微粒(PM2.5)大約是頭髮直徑的1/28，如此細小的細懸浮微粒(PM2.5)會透過呼吸系統而穿透肺泡與動脈而跟著血液運行至全身，若長期處於高濃度的細懸浮微粒(PM2.5)污染的環境中，不僅會引起嚴重的過敏甚至是氣喘，嚴重時還會增加心血管疾病或肺部疾病等。 According to, with the improvement of living standards, people pay more and more attention to the air quality around their lives, and because of the advancement of technology and society, the air contains more and more pollutants, such as carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and carbon monoxide. (CO), nitric oxide (NO), sulfur monoxide (SO), fine suspended particulates (PM 1 , PM 2.5 ), suspended particulates (PM 10 ) or volatile organic compounds (Volatile Organic Compound, VOC), etc. It has an impact on human health, and even endangers life in severe cases. Therefore, people have gradually developed the habit of checking real-time air quality monitoring data on the Internet before going out, so as to immediately take corresponding protective measures against the quality of air; In recent years, among these air pollutants, the most noticeable non-suspended particles (PM) is none other than PM 2.5 . The mass of PM 2.5 per unit volume is one of the important index parameters. PM 2.5 is Refers to particles with suspended particles less than or equal to 2.5 microns. For the smallest human hair diameter, fine suspended particles (PM 2.5 ) are about 1/28 of the diameter of the hair. Such fine suspended particles (PM 2.5 ) will pass through the breath The system penetrates the alveoli and arteries and travels with the blood to the whole body. Long-term exposure to a high concentration of fine suspended particulates (PM 2.5 ) in an environment polluted will not only cause severe allergies and even asthma, but also increase cardiovascular disease in severe cases. Or lung disease, etc.
目前台灣地區的空氣品質皆由行政院環保署設置的空氣品質監測網進行監測，空氣品質監測網主要是在全國各地設立空氣品質監測站以對空氣進行採樣分析，並將各監測站的監測數據整合為定量描述空氣品質狀況的空氣品質指標(Air Quality Index，AQI)而發布在網路上供民眾查閱，其中PM2.5的濃度指標係可分為綠、黃、紅、紫等四種顏色的警示級別，而最有名的「紫爆」即是代表PM2.5在每立方公尺有201微克以上的含量，會對人體健康造成莫大的影響；然而，空氣品質監測網所設立之監測站數量有限，平均一個縣市僅有3~4個監測站，且僅能提供特定地點與特定範圍的空氣品質指標，無法完整涵蓋所有使用者的所在地；因此，如何藉由創新的硬體設計，有效計算各種微粒對應的單位空器體積中之質量或空氣品質指標(AQI)等參數供使用者即時參考，以達到簡單實用、方便普及、易於辨識與警示空氣品質優劣，以及減少硬體設置成本等主要優勢，仍是空氣品質檢測裝置等相關產業開發業者與相關研究人員需持續努力克服與解決之課題。 At present, the air quality in Taiwan is monitored by the air quality monitoring network set up by the Environmental Protection Agency of the Executive Yuan. The air quality monitoring network is mainly to set up air quality monitoring stations throughout the country to sample and analyze the air, and to monitor the monitoring data of each monitoring station It is integrated into the Air Quality Index (AQI) that quantitatively describes air quality and is published on the Internet for public review. The PM 2.5 concentration index can be divided into four color warnings: green, yellow, red, and purple. The most famous "Purple Burst" means that PM 2.5 contains more than 201 micrograms per cubic meter, which will have a great impact on human health; however, the number of monitoring stations set up by the air quality monitoring network is limited. On average, there are only 3 to 4 monitoring stations in a county and city, and they can only provide air quality indicators for specific locations and specific ranges, and cannot fully cover the locations of all users; therefore, how to use innovative hardware design to effectively calculate various The mass or air quality index (AQI) and other parameters in the unit air volume corresponding to the particles are provided for users to refer to in real time, so as to achieve simple and practical, convenient popularization, easy identification and warning of air quality, and reduce the cost of hardware installation. It is still a problem that developers and related researchers in related industries such as air quality testing devices need to continue to work hard to overcome and solve.
今，發明人即是鑑於傳統之空氣品質檢測裝置於實際實施時仍存在有諸多缺失，於是乃一本孜孜不倦之精神，並藉由其豐富之專業知識及多年之實務經驗所輔佐，而加以改善，並據此研創出本發明。 Today, the inventor is based on the tireless spirit of the traditional air quality detection device in actual implementation, and is improved by his rich professional knowledge and years of practical experience. , And developed the present invention accordingly.
本發明主要目的為提供一種空氣品質檢測系統，尤其是指一種使用影像視覺方式偵測空氣中各種微粒之參數的空氣品質檢測系統，主要係藉由影像擷取單元內建之光學鏡頭與感光元件搭配之硬體設計，反覆偵測附著於影像擷取單元前端部之載玻片上的各種微粒之大小與數量，以 即時計算各種微粒對應的單位空氣體積中之質量或空氣品質指標(AQI)等參數供使用者參考與應對，有效解決現行環保署之空氣品質監測網設置之監測站無法涵蓋所有使用者所在地之缺點，確實達到簡單實用、方便普及、易於辨識與警示空氣品質優劣，以及減少硬體設置成本等主要優勢者。 The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an air quality detection system, especially an air quality detection system that uses image vision to detect the parameters of various particles in the air, mainly by the optical lens and photosensitive element built in the image capture unit The matched hardware design repeatedly detects the size and quantity of various particles attached to the glass slide at the front end of the image capture unit to Real-time calculation of the quality or air quality index (AQI) and other parameters per unit air volume corresponding to various particles for users to refer to and respond, effectively solving the shortcoming that the current EPA’s air quality monitoring network cannot cover all users’ locations. , It does achieve the main advantages such as simple and practical, convenient to popularize, easy to identify and warn the air quality, and reduce the cost of hardware installation.
為了達到上述之實施目的，本發明人提出一種空氣品質檢測系統，係設置於一承載裝置上以檢測空氣中複數種微粒之參數，本發明之空氣品質檢測系統係至少包括有一透明承載部、一影像擷取單元、一影像處理單元，以及一顯示單元；透明承載部係用以承載微粒；影像擷取單元係設置於透明承載部之一側，影像擷取單元係包括有一光學鏡頭，以及一與光學鏡頭連接之感光元件，其中光學鏡頭係擷取透明承載部上微粒之影像於感光元件上成像；影像處理單元係包括有一電性連接影像擷取單元之接收模組，以及一電性連接接收模組之計算模組，接收模組係接收影像擷取單元所擷取之影像並傳遞至計算模組，計算模組係偵測影像中微粒之尺寸與數量，以計算微粒之參數；顯示單元係電性連接計算模組，顯示單元係顯示計算模組計算之微粒的參數。 In order to achieve the above-mentioned implementation objectives, the inventor proposes an air quality detection system, which is set on a supporting device to detect the parameters of multiple types of particles in the air. The air quality detection system of the present invention at least includes a transparent carrying part and a The image capturing unit, an image processing unit, and a display unit; the transparent carrying part is used to carry particles; the image capturing unit is arranged on one side of the transparent carrying part, and the image capturing unit includes an optical lens and a The photosensitive element connected with the optical lens, wherein the optical lens captures the image of the particles on the transparent carrying part and forms the image on the photosensitive element; the image processing unit includes a receiving module electrically connected to the image capturing unit, and an electrical connection The calculation module of the receiving module. The receiving module receives the image captured by the image capturing unit and transmits it to the calculation module. The calculation module detects the size and number of particles in the image to calculate the parameters of the particles; The unit is electrically connected to the calculation module, and the display unit displays the parameters of the particles calculated by the calculation module.
如上所述的空氣品質檢測系統，其中承載裝置係為道路照明裝置、交通號誌裝置或道路監測裝置等其中之一種裝置。 In the air quality detection system as described above, the carrying device is one of a road lighting device, a traffic sign device, or a road monitoring device.
如上所述的空氣品質檢測系統，其中微粒係包括有細懸浮微粒(PM1、PM2.5)或懸浮微粒(PM10)等其中之一種微粒或兩者以上之組合。 In the air quality detection system as described above, the particles include one or a combination of fine suspended particles (PM 1 , PM 2.5 ) or suspended particles (PM 10 ).
如上所述的空氣品質檢測系統，其中參數係為單位空氣體積中之質量或空氣品質指標(AQI)等其中之一種數值。 In the air quality detection system as described above, the parameter is one of the quality per unit air volume or the air quality index (AQI).
如上所述的空氣品質檢測系統，其中單位空氣體積中之質量
係由下列公式獲得：
如上所述的空氣品質檢測系統，其中已知空氣體積係由人工或抽氣泵浦等其中之一種方式產生。 In the air quality detection system as described above, the known air volume is generated by one of the methods such as manual or air pumping.
如上所述的空氣品質檢測系統，其中透明承載部係由玻璃或塑膠等其中之一種材質所製備而成。 In the air quality detection system as described above, the transparent carrying part is made of one of the materials such as glass or plastic.
如上所述的空氣品質檢測系統，其中透明承載部係可進一步卡合於一承載件上。 In the air quality detection system as described above, the transparent bearing part can be further clamped on a bearing member.
如上所述的空氣品質檢測系統，其中影像擷取單元係可進一步為行動裝置內建之攝影機。 In the air quality detection system as described above, the image capturing unit may further be a camera built into the mobile device.
如上所述的空氣品質檢測系統，其中光學鏡頭係為魚眼鏡頭、廣角鏡頭或標準鏡頭等其中之一種裝置。 In the air quality detection system as described above, the optical lens is one of a fisheye lens, a wide-angle lens, or a standard lens.
如上所述的空氣品質檢測系統，其中感光元件係為光電耦合元件(Charge Coupled Device，CCD)或互補金屬氧化物半導體(Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor，CMOS)等其中之一種裝置。 In the air quality detection system as described above, the photosensitive element is one of a charge coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor, CMOS).
如上所述的空氣品質檢測系統，其中顯示單元係為顯示燈號模組或顯示器模組等其中之一種裝置。 In the air quality detection system as described above, the display unit is one of a device such as a light signal module or a display module.
如上所述的空氣品質檢測系統，其中顯示燈號模組係設置於 承載裝置上且顯示至少一燈色，燈色係代表參數之一區間的數值。 The air quality detection system as described above, in which the indicator module is set in At least one light color is displayed on the carrying device, and the light color system represents the value of one interval of the parameter.
如上所述的空氣品質檢測系統，其中透明承載部係可進一步設置有一抹除單元，而抹除單元係用以清除透明承載部上之微粒。 In the air quality detection system as described above, the transparent carrying part can be further provided with an erasing unit, and the erasing unit is used to remove particles on the transparent carrying part.
如上所述的空氣品質檢測系統，其中抹除單元係為致動器或抹除器等其中之一種裝置。 In the air quality detection system as described above, the erasing unit is one of the actuators or the erasing device.
如上所述的空氣品質檢測系統，其中致動器係為壓電致動器、磁力致動器、電力致動器或熱動致動器等其中之一種裝置。 In the air quality detection system as described above, the actuator is one of piezoelectric actuators, magnetic actuators, electric actuators, or thermal actuators.
如上所述的空氣品質檢測系統，其中壓電致動器係由石英晶體、壓電陶瓷片、氧化鋅、鋯鈦酸鉛或鈮酸鋰等其中之一種材質所製備而成。 In the air quality detection system as described above, the piezoelectric actuator is made of quartz crystal, piezoelectric ceramic sheet, zinc oxide, lead zirconate titanate, or lithium niobate.
如上所述的空氣品質檢測系統，其中抹除器係為抹布或雨刷等其中之一種裝置。 In the air quality detection system as described above, the wiper is a device such as a rag or a wiper.
此外，如前所述，本發明之空氣品質檢測系統可結合應用於硬體或軟體、適當處或其組合，因此本發明之某些觀點或是其部分可能為嵌入實際媒體中之程式碼，該程式碼例如可適用於電腦之指令，該實際媒體可例如軟式磁碟、光碟機、硬碟機或是任何其他機器可讀儲存媒體，其中當程式碼被機器(例如一電腦)載入並執行時，此機器會變成一用以執行本發明之裝置，而在程式碼執行於可程式化電腦之情況中，此電腦裝置通常包含一中央處理器、一中央處理器可讀之儲存媒體(包含揮發性或非揮發性記憶體及/或儲存元件)、至少一輸入裝置以及至少一輸出裝置。 In addition, as mentioned above, the air quality detection system of the present invention can be used in combination with hardware or software, appropriate places, or a combination thereof. Therefore, some ideas or parts of the present invention may be code embedded in actual media. The code can be applied to instructions of a computer, for example, and the actual medium can be a floppy disk, optical disk drive, hard drive, or any other machine-readable storage medium, where the code is loaded by a machine (such as a computer) and When executed, the machine becomes a device for executing the present invention. In the case of a program code executed on a programmable computer, the computer device usually includes a central processing unit and a storage medium readable by the central processing unit ( Including volatile or non-volatile memory and/or storage elements), at least one input device and at least one output device.
藉此，本發明之空氣品質檢測系統主要係藉由影像擷取單元內建之光學鏡頭與感光元件搭配之硬體設計，反覆偵測附著於影像擷取單 元前端部之載玻片上的各種微粒之大小與數量，以即時計算各種微粒對應的單位空氣體積中之質量或空氣品質指標(AQI)等參數供使用者參考與應對，有效解決現行環保署之空氣品質監測網設置之監測站無法涵蓋所有使用者所在地之缺點，確實達到簡單實用、方便普及、易於辨識與警示空氣品質優劣，以及減少硬體設置成本等主要優勢；此外，本發明之空氣品質檢測系統主要係安裝於道路照明裝置上，以簡單之影像視覺擷取方式偵測掉落或附著於影像擷取單元前端部之載玻片上的微粒尺寸與數量，有效以普及數量的分布方式解決環保署之空氣品質監測網所設置之監測站無法涵蓋所有使用者之所在地的缺點，確實達到簡易提供民眾就近了解所在地之空氣品質狀況以採取相對應之保護措施之主要優勢；最後，本發明之空氣品質檢測系統主要係藉由影像視覺偵測方式偵測掉落或附著於透明承載部之載玻片上的微粒數量與大小，有效估算單位體積內微粒之質量而獲取該地區即時之空氣品質或汙染指標，以解決傳統使用濾紙偵測空氣品質參數卻得定期且重複更換濾紙而導致成本高昂與硬體設備設置複雜等缺點，確實達到大幅降低硬體設置成本，以及快速且簡易檢測微粒參數以提供使用者即時得知空氣汙染指標等主要優勢。 Thereby, the air quality detection system of the present invention mainly uses the hardware design of the optical lens and photosensitive element in the image capture unit to repeatedly detect the attachment to the image capture unit. The size and quantity of the various particles on the glass slide at the front end of the Yuan can be used to calculate the mass or air quality index (AQI) and other parameters per unit air volume corresponding to the various particles in real time for the user’s reference and response, effectively solving the current environmental protection agency’s The monitoring stations set up by the air quality monitoring network cannot cover the shortcomings of all users' locations, and it does achieve the main advantages of simplicity, practicality, convenient popularization, easy identification and warning of air quality, and reduced hardware installation costs; in addition, the air quality of the present invention The detection system is mainly installed on the road lighting device to detect the size and number of particles falling or attached to the slide glass at the front end of the image capturing unit with a simple image visual capture method, effectively solving the problem by the distribution method of the popular number The monitoring stations set up by the Environmental Protection Agency's air quality monitoring network cannot cover the shortcomings of all users' locations, and it does achieve the main advantage of simply providing the public with a nearby understanding of the air quality conditions in the location to take corresponding protective measures; finally, the present invention The air quality detection system mainly detects the number and size of particles falling or attached to the glass slide of the transparent carrying part by means of image visual detection, effectively estimating the mass of particles per unit volume to obtain the real-time air quality or Pollution indicators to solve the traditional use of filter paper to detect air quality parameters, but the filter paper needs to be replaced regularly and repeatedly, which leads to high cost and complex hardware equipment settings. It does achieve a significant reduction in hardware setup costs, and rapid and easy detection of particulate parameters. Provide users with real-time access to air pollution indicators and other major advantages.
(1):空氣品質檢測系統 (1): Air quality detection system
(11):透明承載部 (11): Transparent carrying part
(12):影像擷取單元 (12): Image capture unit
(121):光學鏡頭 (121): Optical lens
(122):感光元件 (122): photosensitive element
(13):影像處理單元 (13): Image processing unit
(131):接收模組 (131): receiving module
(132):計算模組 (132): Computing Module
(14):顯示單元 (14): Display unit
(141):顯示燈號模組 (141): display light module
(142):顯示器模組 (142): Display module
(15):抹除單元 (15): Erase unit
(16):抽氣泵浦 (16): Air pump
(2):承載裝置 (2): Carrying device
(21):道路照明裝置 (21): Road lighting device
(3):微粒 (3): Particles
(4):承載件 (4): Carrier
第1圖：本發明空氣品質檢測系統其一較佳實施例之系統結構方塊圖 Figure 1: A block diagram of the system structure of a preferred embodiment of the air quality detection system of the present invention
第2圖：本發明空氣品質檢測系統其一較佳實施例之系統結構示意圖 Figure 2: System structure diagram of a preferred embodiment of the air quality detection system of the present invention
第3圖：本發明空氣品質檢測系統其一較佳實施例之系統結構剖視圖 Figure 3: A cross-sectional view of the system structure of a preferred embodiment of the air quality detection system of the present invention
第4圖：本發明空氣品質檢測系統其二較佳實施例之系統結構方塊圖 Figure 4: System structure block diagram of the second preferred embodiment of the air quality detection system of the present invention
為利 貴審查委員瞭解本發明之技術特徵、內容、優點，以及其所能達成之功效，茲將本發明配合附圖，並以實施例之表達形式詳細說明如下，而其中所使用之圖式，其主旨僅為示意及輔助說明書之用，未必為本發明實施後之真實比例與精準配置，故不應就所附之圖式的比例與配置關係解讀、侷限本發明於實際實施上的權利範圍，合先敘明。 In order to facilitate the reviewers to understand the technical features, content, advantages, and effects of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail in the form of embodiments with accompanying drawings as follows, and the diagrams used therein are: The subject matter is only for the purpose of illustration and auxiliary description, and may not be the true proportions and precise configuration after the implementation of the present invention. Therefore, it should not be interpreted in terms of the proportions and configuration relationships of the attached drawings, and limits the scope of rights of the present invention in actual implementation. , Hexian explained.
首先，請參閱第1圖至第3圖所示，為本發明空氣品質檢測系統其一較佳實施例之系統結構方塊圖、系統結構示意圖，以及系統結構剖視圖，本發明之空氣品質檢測系統(1)係設置於一承載裝置(2)上以檢測空氣中複數種微粒(3)之參數，其中承載裝置(2)係為道路照明裝置(21)、交通號誌裝置或道路監測裝置等其中之一種裝置；再者，微粒(3)係包括有細懸浮微粒(PM1、PM2.5)或懸浮微粒(PM10)等其中之一種微粒(3)或兩者以上之組合，而參數係為單位空氣體積中之質量或空氣品質指標(AQI)等其中之一種數值；在本發明其一較佳實施例中，空氣品質檢測系統(1)係設置於道路照明裝置(21)上，用以偵測細懸浮微粒(PM2.5)之單位空氣體積中之質量之參數，本發明之空氣品質檢測系統(1)係至少包括有：一透明承載部(11)，係用以承載微粒(3)；此外，透明承載部(11)係由玻璃或塑膠等其中之一種材質所製備而成；在本發明其一較佳實施例中，透明承載部(11)係由玻璃材質所製備而成的載玻片；一影像擷取單元(12)，係設置於透明承載部(11)之一側，影像擷取單元(12)係包括有一光學鏡頭(121)，以及一與光學鏡頭(121)連接之感光元件(122)，其中光學鏡頭(121)係擷取透明承載部(11)上微粒(3)之影像
於感光元件(122)上成像；此外，光學鏡頭(121)係為魚眼鏡頭、廣角鏡頭或標準鏡頭等其中之一種裝置，而感光元件(122)係為光電耦合元件(CCD)或互補金屬氧化物半導體(CMOS)等其中之一種裝置；在本發明其一較佳實施例中，影像擷取單元(12)係設置於用以承載微粒(3)之透明承載部(11)的載玻片之一側，以魚眼鏡頭態樣呈現且內建於影像擷取單元(12)之光學鏡頭(121)係擷取載玻片上微粒(3)之影像，並於以光電耦合元件(CCD)態樣呈現之感光元件(122)上成像；一影像處理單元(13)，係包括有一電性連接影像擷取單元(12)之接收模組(131)，以及一電性連接接收模組(131)之計算模組(132)，接收模組(131)係接收影像擷取單元(12)所擷取之影像並傳遞至計算模組(132)，計算模組(132)係偵測影像中微粒(3)之尺寸與數量，以計算微粒(3)之參數；此外，計算模組(132)計算之微粒(3)的單位空氣體積中之質量係由下列公式所獲得：
此外，透明承載部(11)係可進一步設置有一抹除單元(15)，而抹除單元(15)係用以清除透明承載部(11)上之微粒(3)；再者，抹除單元(15)係為致動器或抹除器等其中之一種裝置；此外，致動器係為壓電致動器、磁力致動器、電力致動器或熱動致動器等其中之一種裝置，其中壓電致動器係由石英晶體、壓電陶瓷片、氧化鋅、鋯鈦酸鉛或鈮酸鋰等其中之一種材質所製備而成；在本發明其一較佳實施例中，以壓電致動器態樣呈現之抹除單元(15)係接設於透明承載部(11)的載玻片上，其中壓電致動器係用以產生介於1kHz~10MHz之間的高頻振動頻率，以將附著於透明承載部(11)上的微粒(3)振落，回復乾淨之透明承載部(11)於下次檢測時使用。 In addition, the transparent carrying portion (11) can be further provided with an erasing unit (15), and the erasing unit (15) is used to remove the particles (3) on the transparent carrying portion (11); furthermore, the erasing unit (15) It is one of the actuators or wipers; in addition, the actuator is one of piezoelectric actuators, magnetic actuators, electric actuators or thermal actuators The device, wherein the piezoelectric actuator is made of one of quartz crystal, piezoelectric ceramic sheet, zinc oxide, lead zirconate titanate or lithium niobate; in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, The erasing unit (15) presented in the form of a piezoelectric actuator is connected to the glass slide of the transparent carrying part (11), and the piezoelectric actuator is used to generate a high frequency between 1kHz and 10MHz. High-frequency vibration frequency to shake off the particles (3) attached to the transparent carrying part (11), and restore the clean transparent carrying part (11) for use in the next inspection.
再者，依據(EQ.1)公式所述之已知空氣體積係可進一步由抽氣泵浦(16)方式產生；請參閱第4圖所示，為本發明空氣品質檢測系統其二較佳實施例之系統結構方塊圖，其中空氣品質檢測系統(1)係設置有一抽氣泵浦(16)，以將外界之空氣抽取至本發明之空氣品質檢測系統(1)內建之透明承載部(11)的載玻片上，以供空氣品質檢測系統(1)偵測空氣中存在之細懸浮微粒(PM2.5)的單位空氣體積中之質量或換算得到的空氣品質指標(AQI)等參數。 Furthermore, the known air volume according to the formula (EQ.1) can be further generated by the pump (16) method; please refer to Figure 4, which is the second best air quality detection system of the present invention The block diagram of the system structure of the embodiment, in which the air quality detection system (1) is provided with an air suction pump (16) to draw the outside air to the transparent bearing part built in the air quality detection system (1) of the present invention (11) on the glass slide for the air quality detection system (1) to detect the mass of fine suspended particles (PM 2.5 ) in the air per unit air volume or the converted air quality index (AQI) and other parameters.
如前所述，本發明實施例之空氣品質檢測系統(1)可結合應用於軟體或硬體、適當處或其組合，因此其檢測之方式，某些觀點或是其部分可能為嵌入電腦可讀媒體中之可執行指令，例如可適用於電腦之可執行指令，其中電腦可讀取記錄媒體可能包含有下列裝置：具有一個或多個導線的電氣傳輸模組(電子媒介)、可攜帶式的電腦磁片(磁性媒介)、隨機存 取記憶體(RAM)(電子媒介)、唯讀記憶體(ROM)(電子媒介)、可抹除式可程式化唯讀記憶體(EPROM，EEPROM，Flash Memory)(電子媒介)、光纖(光學媒介)、以及一可攜帶式壓縮碟片唯讀記憶體(Compact Disc Read-Only Memory，CDROM)(光學媒介)等，當程式碼被機器(例如一電腦)載入並執行時，此機器會變成一用以執行本發明之空氣品質檢測的裝置，而在程式碼執行於可程式化電腦之情況中，此電腦裝置通常包含一中央處理器、一中央處理器可讀之儲存媒體(包含揮發性或非揮發性記憶體及/或儲存元件)、至少一輸入裝置以及至少一輸出裝置。 As mentioned above, the air quality detection system (1) of the embodiment of the present invention can be applied in combination with software or hardware, appropriate places or a combination thereof. Therefore, the detection method, some viewpoints or parts of it may be embedded in a computer. Readable instructions in the medium, for example, executable instructions that can be applied to a computer. The computer-readable recording medium may include the following devices: an electrical transmission module (electronic medium) with one or more wires, a portable Computer disk (magnetic medium), random storage Take memory (RAM) (electronic medium), read-only memory (ROM) (electronic medium), removable programmable read-only memory (EPROM, EEPROM, Flash Memory) (electronic medium), optical fiber (optical medium) Media), and a portable compact disc read-only memory (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory, CDROM) (optical media), etc. When the code is loaded and executed by a machine (such as a computer), the machine will It becomes a device for performing the air quality detection of the present invention, and when the code is executed on a programmable computer, the computer device usually includes a central processing unit and a storage medium readable by the central processing unit (including volatile Or non-volatile memory and/or storage device), at least one input device and at least one output device.
接著，為使 貴審查委員能進一步瞭解本發明之目的、特徵，以及所欲達成之功效，以下茲舉本發明空氣品質檢測系統(1)的具體實際實施例，進一步證明本發明之空氣品質檢測系統(1)可實際應用之範圍，但不意欲以任何形式限制本發明之範圍；當使用者為了了解其所在地之空氣品質狀況時，可使用本發明之空氣品質檢測系統(1)，可藉由影像擷取單元(12)內建之光學鏡頭(121)與感光元件(122)搭配之硬體設計，反覆偵測附著於影像擷取單元(12)前端部透明承載部(11)之載玻片上的各種微粒(3)之大小與數量，以即時計算各種微粒(3)對應的單位空氣體積中之質量或空氣品質指標(AQI)等參數供使用者參考與應對，其中本發明之空氣品質檢測系統(1)係設置於一承載裝置(2)之道路照明裝置(21)上以檢測空氣中複數種微粒(3)之參數，而微粒(3)係包括有細懸浮微粒(PM1、PM2.5)或懸浮微粒(PM10)等其中之一種微粒(3)或兩者以上之組合，參數係為單位空氣體積中之質量或空氣品質指標(AQI)等其中之一種數值；首先，準備一透明承載部(11)，其中以玻璃材質所製備而成的載玻片之透明承載部(11)係用以承載微粒(3)；接 著，準備一影像擷取單元(12)，其中影像擷取單元(12)係設置於透明承載部(11)之一側，影像擷取單元(12)係包括有一光學鏡頭(121)，以及一與光學鏡頭(121)連接之感光元件(122)，其中光學鏡頭(121)係擷取透明承載部(11)上微粒(3)之影像於感光元件(122)上成像；接續，準備一影像處理單元(13)，其中影像處理單元(13)係包括有一電性連接影像擷取單元(12)之接收模組(131)，以及一電性連接接收模組(131)之計算模組(132)，接收模組(131)係接收影像擷取單元(12)所擷取之影像並傳遞至計算模組(132)，計算模組(132)係偵測影像中微粒(3)之尺寸與數量，以計算微粒(3)之參數；最後，準備一顯示單元(14)，其中顯示單元(14)係電性連接計算模組(132)，顯示單元(14)係顯示計算模組(132)計算之微粒(3)的參數；也就是說，設置於道路照明裝置(21)上的空氣品質檢測系統(1)內建的透明承載部(11)之載玻片係承載由抽氣泵浦(16)所帶來的微粒(3)數量，再由光學鏡頭(121)擷取載玻片上微粒(3)的影像於感光元件(122)上成像，接著由接收模組(131)將感光元件(122)上成像之影像傳遞至計算模組(132)，最後由計算模組(132)依據(EQ.1)之公式計算細懸浮微粒(PM2.5)之微粒(3)的單位空氣體積中之質量或換算而得的空氣品質指標，而以顯示燈號模組(141)態樣呈現的顯示單元(14)係電性連接計算模組(132)，以使用不同顏色的燈色顯示計算模組(132)計算之細懸浮微粒(PM2.5)的單位空氣體積中之質量與換算得到的空氣品質指標(AQI)；本發明之空氣品質檢測系統(1)係可確實達到簡單實用、方便普及、易於辨識與警示空氣品質優劣，以及減少硬體設置成本等主要優勢。 Next, in order to enable your reviewer to further understand the purpose, features, and desired effects of the present invention, the following specific examples of the air quality detection system (1) of the present invention are given below to further prove the air quality detection of the present invention The scope of practical application of the system (1), but is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any form; when the user wants to understand the air quality conditions in his location, he can use the air quality detection system (1) of the present invention. The hardware design of the optical lens (121) built in the image capture unit (12) and the photosensitive element (122) is designed to repeatedly detect the load attached to the transparent carrying part (11) at the front end of the image capture unit (12) The size and quantity of the various particles (3) on the glass slide can be used to calculate the mass or air quality index (AQI) and other parameters corresponding to the various particles (3) in real time for the user's reference and response. The air of the present invention The quality detection system (1) is set on a road lighting device (21) of a carrying device (2) to detect the parameters of a plurality of particles (3) in the air, and the particles (3) include fine suspended particles (PM 1) , PM 2.5 ) or suspended particulates (PM 10 ), or a combination of two or more of them. The parameter is the mass per unit air volume or the air quality index (AQI). First, Prepare a transparent carrying part (11), wherein the transparent carrying part (11) of the glass slide made of glass material is used to carry the particles (3); then, an image capturing unit (12) is prepared, wherein The image capturing unit (12) is arranged on one side of the transparent carrying part (11). The image capturing unit (12) includes an optical lens (121) and a photosensitive element (122) connected to the optical lens (121) ), where the optical lens (121) captures the image of the particles (3) on the transparent carrier (11) and forms the image on the photosensitive element (122); then, prepare an image processing unit (13), wherein the image processing unit (13) ) Includes a receiving module (131) electrically connected to the image capturing unit (12), and a computing module (132) electrically connected to the receiving module (131). The receiving module (131) receives images The image captured by the capturing unit (12) is transmitted to the calculation module (132), and the calculation module (132) detects the size and quantity of the particles (3) in the image to calculate the parameters of the particles (3); Finally, prepare a display unit (14), wherein the display unit (14) is electrically connected to the calculation module (132), and the display unit (14) displays the parameters of the particles (3) calculated by the calculation module (132); That is to say, the glass slide of the transparent carrying part (11) built in the air quality detection system (1) installed on the road lighting device (21) carries the particles (3) brought by the suction pump (16) ), and then the optical lens (121) captures the image of the particles (3) on the slide glass and image it on the photosensitive element (122), and then the receiving mold The group (131) transfers the image formed on the photosensitive element (122) to the calculation module (132), and finally the calculation module (132) calculates the particles of fine suspended particles (PM 2.5 ) according to the formula of (EQ.1). 3) The mass in the unit air volume or the air quality index obtained by conversion, and the display unit (14) presented in the form of the display light module (141) is electrically connected to the calculation module (132) for use The light colors of different colors display the mass of the fine suspended particulates (PM 2.5 ) calculated by the calculation module (132) and the air quality index (AQI) obtained by conversion; the air quality detection system (1) of the present invention is It can indeed achieve the main advantages of simplicity and practicality, convenient popularization, easy identification and warning of air quality, and reduction of hardware setup costs.
由上述之實施說明可知，本發明之空氣品質檢測系統與現有技術相較之下，本發明係具有以下優點： As can be seen from the above implementation description, compared with the prior art, the air quality detection system of the present invention has the following advantages:
1.本發明之空氣品質檢測系統主要係藉由影像擷取單元內建之光學鏡頭與感光元件搭配之硬體設計，反覆偵測附著於影像擷取單元前端部之載玻片上的各種微粒之大小與數量，以即時計算各種微粒對應的單位空氣體積中之質量或空氣品質指標(AQI)等參數供使用者參考與應對，有效解決現行環保署之空氣品質監測網設置之監測站無法涵蓋所有使用者所在地之缺點，確實達到簡單實用、方便普及、易於辨識與警示空氣品質優劣，以及減少硬體設置成本等主要優勢。 1. The air quality detection system of the present invention mainly uses the hardware design of the built-in optical lens and photosensitive element of the image capture unit to repeatedly detect various particles attached to the glass slide at the front end of the image capture unit The size and quantity can be used to calculate the quality or air quality index (AQI) and other parameters in the unit air volume corresponding to various particles in real time for users to refer to and respond. This effectively solves the problem that the monitoring stations set by the current air quality monitoring network of the Environmental Protection Agency cannot cover all The shortcomings of the user's location do achieve the main advantages of simplicity and practicality, convenience for popularization, easy identification and warning of air quality, and reduced hardware installation costs.
2.本發明之空氣品質檢測系統主要係安裝於道路照明裝置上，以簡單之影像視覺擷取方式偵測掉落或附著於影像擷取單元前端部之載玻片上的微粒尺寸與數量，有效以普及數量的分布方式解決環保署之空氣品質監測網所設置之監測站無法涵蓋所有使用者之所在地的缺點，確實達到簡易提供民眾就近了解所在地之空氣品質狀況以採取相對應之保護措施之主要優勢。 2. The air quality detection system of the present invention is mainly installed on the road lighting device to detect the size and quantity of particles falling or attached to the slide glass at the front end of the image capturing unit with a simple image visual capture method, which is effective To solve the shortcomings that the monitoring stations set up by the EPA's air quality monitoring network cannot cover the locations of all users by means of popularized quantity distribution, it is indeed the main point to provide people with a simple understanding of the local air quality status and take corresponding protective measures. Advantage.
3.本發明之空氣品質檢測系統主要係藉由影像視覺偵測方式偵測掉落或附著於透明承載部之載玻片上的微粒數量與大小，有效估算單位體積內微粒之質量而獲取該地區即時之空氣品質或汙染指標，以解決傳統使用濾紙偵測空氣品質參數卻得定期且重複更換濾紙而導致成本高昂與硬體設備設置複雜等缺點，確實達到大幅降低硬體設置成本，以及快速且簡易檢測微粒參數以提供使用者即時得知空氣汙染指標等主要優勢。 3. The air quality detection system of the present invention mainly detects the number and size of particles falling or attached to the glass slide of the transparent carrying part by image visual detection, and effectively estimates the mass of particles per unit volume to obtain the area Real-time air quality or pollution indicators to solve the traditional use of filter paper to detect air quality parameters, but the filter paper needs to be replaced regularly and repeatedly, which leads to high costs and complex hardware equipment settings. It does achieve a significant reduction in hardware settings costs, and fast and Simple detection of particulate parameters to provide users with real-time knowledge of air pollution indicators and other major advantages.
綜上所述，本發明之空氣品質檢測系統，的確能藉由上述所揭露之實施例，達到所預期之使用功效，且本發明亦未曾公開於申請前，誠已完全符合專利法之規定與要求。爰依法提出發明專利之申請，懇請惠 予審查，並賜准專利，則實感德便。 In summary, the air quality detection system of the present invention can indeed achieve the expected use effect through the embodiments disclosed above, and the present invention has not been disclosed before the application, since it is in full compliance with the provisions of the patent law and Claim. Yan filed an application for invention patent according to law To review and grant a quasi-patent, it is really convenient.
惟，上述所揭示之圖示及說明，僅為本發明之較佳實施例，非為限定本發明之保護範圍；大凡熟悉該項技藝之人士，其所依本發明之特徵範疇，所作之其它等效變化或修飾，皆應視為不脫離本發明之設計範疇。 However, the figures and descriptions disclosed above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those who are familiar with the art will do other things according to the characteristic scope of the present invention. Equivalent changes or modifications should be regarded as not departing from the design scope of the present invention.
(1):空氣品質檢測系統 (1): Air quality detection system
(11):透明承載部 (11): Transparent carrying part
(12):影像擷取單元 (12): Image capture unit
(121):光學鏡頭 (121): Optical lens
(122):感光元件 (122): photosensitive element
(13):影像處理單元 (13): Image processing unit
(131):接收模組 (131): receiving module
(132):計算模組 (132): Computing Module
(14):顯示單元 (14): Display unit
(15):抹除單元 (15): Erase unit
Claims (16)
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| TW107112623A TWI698632B (en) | 2018-04-12 | 2018-04-12 | Air Quality Inspection System |
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| TW107112623A TWI698632B (en) | 2018-04-12 | 2018-04-12 | Air Quality Inspection System |
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| CN103868828A (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2014-06-18 | 深圳市芯通信息科技有限公司 | Dust detection device based on mobile terminal |
| CN104458522A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-25 | 中盟科创（深圳）科技发展有限公司 | Atmospheric particulate detection system based on mobile terminal and detection method |
| CN105741701A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-07-06 | 西安九度网络科技有限公司 | Bus stop board with air quality detection device |
| CN105910652A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-08-31 | 孙健春 | Urban road environment monitoring device based on monitoring rod |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103868828A (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2014-06-18 | 深圳市芯通信息科技有限公司 | Dust detection device based on mobile terminal |
| CN104458522A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-25 | 中盟科创（深圳）科技发展有限公司 | Atmospheric particulate detection system based on mobile terminal and detection method |
| CN105741701A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-07-06 | 西安九度网络科技有限公司 | Bus stop board with air quality detection device |
| CN105910652A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-08-31 | 孙健春 | Urban road environment monitoring device based on monitoring rod |
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