TWI695955B - Volume reduction method of biological remains - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides volume reduction method of biological remains, which comprises a high temperature molten process and a cooling treatment process directed to biological remains or bone ash of human or animal. By throwing the biological remains or bone ash containing minerals into a high temperature furnace and melting, the biological remains melt into melting liquid and obtain an amorphous, vitreous cured product by processing low temperature treatment. Compared to the volume of the biological bone ash after sintering of the biological remains, the volume of the cured product can be reduced to 20 to 75 percent. Accordingly, the cured product with high-density and small volume made from the biological remains by high temperature molten process not only can achieve the efficiency of volume reduction, but also solve the problem of insufficient space to accommodate the bone ash in a grave tower. Additionally, the cured product comprises stability and strength, which can be preserved and commemorated permanently.

Description

Biological remains volume reduction method

The present invention relates to a method for reducing the volume of biological remains, in particular to a manufacturing technique for crystallizing and reducing the volume of biological remains through high-temperature melting and cooling processes.

According to the press, birth, sickness and death are always inevitable for people. Life is impermanent, and people often feel sad for the people (or pets) that they are leaving. After the death of ordinary people, they must be buried underground to rest in peace. The deceased is respected, and no one will go to fight with a deceased for status, honor, fame, etc. "Entering the earth for peace" is what we often say about burial, and the custom of burial is very common in all ethnic groups in the world.

However, due to the limited land resources and the increasing awareness of environmental protection, traditional burials have gradually been replaced by cremation, and considering the busy life of modern people and the increasingly prosperous science, the simplification of funeral rituals has slowly become an irreversible trend of the times. The method of cremation is to push the body into a raging fire and let the body be cremated in a cremation furnace with a temperature of about 760 to 1150°C (1400 to 2100°F). Most of the body (especially organs) and other soft tissues will be The heat and gas released by the discharge system evaporate and oxidize. The whole process usually takes about two hours. The organic matter (protein, fat, water, etc.) in the body almost disappears, leaving only a few large pieces of incomplete Burning bones, such as the pelvis, iliac bones, pubic bone, and ischium, are mainly composed of inorganic substances such as calcium and phosphorus, which are less likely to burn. After that, the funeral operators grind the unashed bones into ashes, put them in the ashes altar and place them in the Buddhist temples or public bone pagodas for relatives and friends to send their grief and worship.

Of course, land can be said to be worth every inch of land, and the prices of houses where people live are soaring. Most of the land is planned for housing, and the global population is gradually aging, and the elderly population is increasing. The demand for towers will gradually increase. As far as Taiwan is concerned, each county and city has the problem of applying for the installation of the nasal tower. The nasal tower and funeral facilities are the abominable facilities that everyone will use sooner or later. If the tower is located away from the community residents Too close will seriously affect the quality of life, and residents will resolutely oppose it. Therefore, in the face of the exhaustion of the pylon, the new pylon will be indefinitely unable to solve the dilemma of insufficient towers, that is, the concept of "plural storage" has been proposed. The so-called "plural storage" means that when a tower (storage unit) meets the regulations, multiple ashes can be placed in order to expand the storage capacity of the original bone tower. However, basically, there is not much space left after each tower space is integrated into an ashes tank, and it is possible to agree on multiple storage depending on family members. Therefore, it is difficult to solve without changing the volume of the ashes and the volume of the ashes Problems with ashes storage.

Therefore, the implementation of environmental protection natural burial is gradually pushed out. The so-called environmental protection natural burial is to burn the remains into ashes after the death of a person, and then turn the remains into spring mud and return to the earth to avoid environmental damage. , Save land resources, but it is not easy to accept in the traditional concept of pursuing a long distance, and the decomposition of ashes, after high temperature cremation, is safe and hygienic, but its ingredients are calcium phosphate, carbon and other metal elements It is insoluble in water when thrown into the sea, and if it is buried in a large amount of soil, it will easily form hard lumps in water. Therefore, it is impossible to observe and understand the decomposition of ashes at this stage, so that it is impossible to truly grasp the true environmental protection status of environmental protection and natural burial.

In addition, in addition to the bone-bearing and environmentally friendly natural burial methods, there is also China CN106810195 patent for the "melting and crystallization equipment for sintering of human bone ash and its application". Its application process uses the following placing of human ash powder without any added ingredients On the tray appliance, push the tray appliance into the melting furnace through the lifting outlet, and extract the vacuum of the melting chamber, then heat the melting chamber with a power supply heater to make the melting chamber reach an operating temperature of 2500 ℃ and keep it for 5 to 60 minutes. The human ashes are brought into a molten state and flowed into a mold of a specific shape on a special tray appliance. After natural cooling to form crystalline stone, the processing is completed.

However, the above method requires cremation of the remains to obtain the ashes before sintering the human ashes, which requires secondary processing and cannot effectively simplify the funeral; in addition, according to the traditional customs of funerals in Taiwan, regardless of the placement of the remains, erecting spirits, and entering the funeral For ceremonies such as burial, burial or cremation into the tower, you need to choose Jiriliang through the ancestor's birthday and the method of choosing the day. Therefore, when the human ashes are melted through high temperature, natural cooling is used to allow the melt to flow into the mold of a specific shape and wait for nature. Cooling and cooling, because the high temperature of 2500 ℃ must be cooled to room temperature, and the formation of crystals of crystals [crystals need to be achieved by high-pressure high-temperature slow cooling], which takes a long time, basically, the funeral is cremated until the time of entering the tower It was completed on the same day, so the above-mentioned structure could not meet the needs of Liangchen to enter the tower.

Today, the inventor upholds many years of rich design development and practical production experience in the related industry, and provides a method for reducing the volume of biological remains. The technology and practice of cremation can be changed to a crystalline state that does not have any ashes left. Solve the problem of ashes storage and achieve the purpose of better practical value.

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for reducing the volume of biological remains, in particular, a manufacturing and processing technology for crystallizing and reducing the volume of biological remains through high-temperature melting and cooling processes.

The main purpose and efficacy of the method for reducing the volume of biological remains of the present invention are achieved by the following specific technical means:

It is mainly a volume-reducing method of high-temperature melting and cooling treatment of biological remains or ashes of humans or animals, in which biological remains or ashes containing mineral components are put into a high-temperature furnace and smelted at high temperatures, causing their biological remains High temperature melts into liquid melt, and the melt passes through different cooling treatment techniques to obtain amorphous and vitreous solidified material, and the resulting solidified material can be reduced by about 20~75 compared with the volume of ashes after sintering of the previously exposed biological remains % Volume; thereby, the biological remains can be directly smelted at high temperature into solids with high density and small volume, in addition to effectively achieving the volume reduction function, it can also solve the problem of insufficient skeletal tower positions, and these solids have stability It has the function of long-term commemorative value in personal collection and preservation, and achieves the novel technology and effect of retaining the concept of careful thought and environmental protection.

A preferred embodiment of the method for reducing the volume of biological remains of the present invention, wherein the method includes a) obtaining biological remains; b) high-temperature melting step; c) cooling treatment step, which is obtained from the dead bodies of humans or their animals Or cremated ashes, and melt the biological remains into a molten paste through a high temperature melting step, and pass the molten paste through a cooling treatment step to obtain a solidified product.

A preferred embodiment of the method for reducing the volume of biological remains of the present invention, wherein the high temperature melting step controls the temperature between 700 and 2200°C.

A preferred embodiment of the method for reducing the volume of biological remains of the present invention, wherein the cooling treatment step uses a water quenching method for cooling, wherein the water quenching method uses a cooling liquid with a temperature lower than that of the melt slurry for immediate and rapid cooling of the melt slurry To obtain an amorphous, vitreous-like solidified product; in addition, the cooling liquid can further be selected from water, saline, soda water, ice cube water, salt water with ice, alcohol with ice, liquid nitrogen, oil (such as glycerin ) Wait for the liquid without adding chemical components.

A preferred embodiment of the biological remains volume reduction method of the present invention, wherein the water quenching method is implemented by spraying a cooling liquid with a fluid injection tube of a certain pressure, and letting the cooling liquid be sprayed on the melt flowing out after smelting through the high temperature melting step The slurry makes its molten slurry cool rapidly and solidifies, and breaks into a fine glassy solidified material.

A preferred embodiment of the method for reducing the volume of biological remains of the present invention, wherein the water quenching method is implemented by using a cooling tank, in which cooling liquid for cooling is injected to allow the outflow after smelting through the high temperature melting step The molten slurry drops on the cooling tank, so that the molten slurry is rapidly cooled and solidified, and hardened into a glassy solidified product.

A preferred embodiment of the method for reducing the volume of biological remains according to the present invention, wherein when the molten slurry is dropped into the cooling tank, it can directly flow into the cooling tank to present a solid body of a block-shaped body, or to receive the dripping of the molten slurry A funnel and a screen are arranged at the outlet to make the molten slurry divided into particles and fall into the cooling tank, so that it cools and solidifies into a granular solidified material.

A preferred embodiment of the method for reducing the volume of biological remains of the present invention, wherein a cooling medium tube is provided in the cooling tank, and the low temperature is transmitted to the cooling liquid through the cooling medium tube, so that the cooling liquid can maintain or maintain a low temperature state [below The temperature at which the slurry can be cooled.]

In order to make the technical content, the purpose of the invention and the effect achieved by the invention more complete and clear disclosure, it is described in detail below, and please refer to the drawings and figures disclosed:

First, please refer to the first figure, which is a schematic block diagram of the steps of the method for reducing the volume of biological remains of the present invention, which is mainly a method for reducing the volume of human or animal remains. The steps are as follows:

a) Obtaining biological remains-taken from human or animal dead bodies or ashes (skeletal), the biological remains contain inorganic substances such as calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, calcium fluoride;

b) High-temperature melting—Place the biological remains of the above steps into a high-temperature melting furnace and melt at a temperature of 700-2200°C to melt the biological remains into a molten slurry (1);

c) Cooling treatment-the molten smelt (1) smelted in the above steps is cooled by a water quenching method. The water quenching method uses a low-temperature cooling liquid (41) for instantaneous cooling of the molten slurry, and the low temperature refers to the temperature The temperature that is lower than the melt (1) and can be cooled. After cooling, the melt (1) is solidified into an amorphous, glassy solidified product (2).

In actual production and processing, please refer to the first to second pictures and the photos in the attachment. The biological remains referred to in step a refer to the remains of humans, their pets, and animals, or their remains buried The ashes (skeletons) obtained from bone picking, cremation or direct cremation of the body [shown in the second picture], and the biological remains in the biological remains contain inorganic substances [bone] of calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, calcium fluoride, and then the biological The remains are subjected to high-temperature smelting and cooling treatment to achieve volume reduction of the remains; however, the method of the present invention does indeed achieve the above-mentioned effects effectively. The following photos are also described in conjunction with the actual process measurement volume:

First, perform step a to obtain biological remains, which are obtained from human or animal remains or ashes, as described above. Here is an example of a biological remains of about 5-8 kg, and the biological remains obtain 1 kg of ashes after cremation. ), the volume of this ashes in the measuring cup is about 1700 liters [please refer to the photos shown in attachments 1~2], and when performing the high-temperature melting in step b, the biological remains can be directly pushed into the high-temperature furnace, through the high-temperature furnace After the temperature is gradually increased, the organic matter [such as protein, fat, water, etc.] in the biological remains can be sintered and disappeared, and then the incompletely burned ashes (skeletal) [inorganic matter] can be smelted into a slurry through the continuous rise of temperature. In order to smelt the biological remains directly into a molten slurry at one time; or when the bone ashes or cremated ashes (skeletons) can be reduced, the bone ashes (skeletons) after the bone picking or cremation are placed in a high-temperature furnace, via The temperature of the high-temperature furnace gradually rises, and the ashes (skeletons) are smelted into a slurry. The high-temperature furnace equipment is not a feature of the claim of the present invention, so the structural configuration will not be described in detail. Continue to gradually increase the temperature of the above-mentioned high-temperature furnace at 700~2200 ℃, use this high temperature to melt the biological remains and ashes (skeleton) into a melt (1), and the smelting time depends on the weight of each treatment It is determined that the best smelting time is as long as it can melt the biological remains and ashes (skeletons) at the above-mentioned high temperature into the molten slurry (1).

Next, the molten paste (1) obtained in step b is subjected to the cooling treatment in step c, and the molten paste (1) is cooled and cooled by the low-temperature cooling liquid (41) in the water quenching method, so that it is cooled and solidified into a solidified substance; however The present invention further exemplifies the types and use methods of cooling liquid (41). The cooling liquid (41) is mainly a liquid with large specific heat and thermal conductivity, low viscosity and low volatility, and its effect is better, such as water and saline , Soda water, ice cube water, salt water added ice, alcohol added ice, liquid nitrogen, oil (glycerin), etc., and the cooling liquid (41) exemplified does not limit the product structure or use of the invention, any technical field Appropriate changes or modifications of those with ordinary knowledge should be regarded as not departing from the patent scope of the present invention. Please refer to the first to fifth figures, which can be performed in the following ways when cooling with cooling liquid (41), the following details:

1. To spray cooling liquid (41) with a fluid injection tube (3) of a certain pressure, such as water, salt water, soda water, ice cube water, salt water with ice, alcohol with ice, liquid nitrogen, oil, etc., let the cooling liquid (41) Spray on the melt (1) flowing out after smelting in the high-temperature melting step to cool and solidify the melt (1) and break it into a fine glass-like solidified matter (2) [Please refer to the third ~ Figure 4]; The solidified product (2) solidified here, because of the rapid cooling to form an amorphous, glassy granular solid product (2) [as shown in the photo of Annex 3].

2. To use a cooling tank (4), inject cooling liquid (41) for cooling into the cooling tank (4), such as water, saline water, soda water, ice cube water, salt water with added ice, alcohol with ice, and liquid nitrogen , Oil (glycerin), etc., let the molten slurry (1) flowing out after smelting in the high temperature melting step drop into the cooling liquid of the cooling tank (4), so that the molten slurry (1) can be quickly cooled and solidified However, when the molten slurry (1) drops in the cooling tank (4), it will be broken due to the introduction of a large amount of high-temperature molten slurry (1) in the low-temperature cooling liquid (41) and fall into the cooling tank (4) At the bottom, there are irregular and bulk solids (2) [please refer to the fifth figure].

However, continuation of the second cooling tank (4) embodiment, due to the irregular shape of the bulk solidified material (2), when the bulk shape is to be changed, it can be further at the outlet that receives the drip of the melt (1) Place a funnel (5) and a screen (6), so that its melt (1) is divided into a smaller granular volume by the screen (6) and lowered in the cooling tank (4), so that it cools and solidifies into a granular shape The cured product (2) [please refer to the sixth figure, shown in the photo of Annex 3]; the solidified product (2) solidified here is formed of an amorphous, glassy solidified product (2) due to rapid cooling. In addition, the dripping of the slurry (1) in the cooling tank (4) will cause the temperature of the cooling liquid (41) to rise. Therefore, a cooling medium tube (7) is provided in the cooling tank (4) to allow the cooling medium tube (7) ) Can provide and maintain the cooling liquid (41) at a low temperature to achieve the effect of rapid cooling [please refer to the seventh figure].

The various cooling liquids (41) used in the water quenching process of the above cooling treatment step, the solidified product (2) after cooling has different hardness effects, except for the solidified product (2) hardness after liquid nitrogen quenching In addition to the high hardness, and the hardness of the solidified product (2) after the oil is quenched, the hardness of other liquids is quite close. However, the hardness of the cured product (2) after the treatment of biological remains will not be affected in subsequent storage or bone treatment.

Next, when the above-mentioned melt (1) is cooled and solidified, the solidified material (2) has a weight of 1 kg and a volume of about 700 liters [see attachments 4 and 5], which is a high density, small volume and stable structure. Crystallized glass, the quality is extremely stable and safe; and in order to verify the volume reduction effect, the biological remains of 5-8 kg obtained at the beginning, after cremation, have a weight of 1 kg and a volume of about 1700 liters [see annex 1, 2]. Through conversion (1700-700)/1700*%=58.8%, it can be proved that the solidified material after the high-temperature melting of the present invention and then through water quenching and cooling treatment and the biological remains obtained after the cremation of the ashes volume phase The ratio has a volume reduction effect, and the reduced volume is about 20 to 75%. The range of this ratio is based on the biological volume and bone quality. However, the present invention can effectively reduce the volume of cadavers and ashes, and can also be reduced. The space for accommodating the ashes allows the grid space of the original skeletal tower to be divided into multiple grids, or the original grid can be used to store multiple ashes together, thus solving the problem of insufficient skeletal tower.

Of course, the cured product (2) has a stable glassy or crystalline structure, and the quality is extremely stable, safe and strong. In addition to the above-mentioned Konata for worship by relatives and friends, it can be further stored as a long-term personal Souvenirs, or sacrifices for the ancestors of the ancestors on the table of the gods at home

However, the foregoing embodiments or drawings do not limit the product structure or usage of the present invention. Any appropriate changes or modifications by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field should be regarded as not departing from the patent scope of the present invention.

Based on the above descriptions, the composition and use of the system of the present invention shows that the present invention has the following advantages compared with the existing structure:

1. The method for reducing the volume of biological remains of the present invention uses high-temperature melting technology to melt biological remains into a liquid melt slurry, and after cooling, an amorphous glass with a stable structure can be effectively reduced by 20 to 75% compared to the original bone ash volume The volume of space is to solve the problem of insufficient bone receiving tower.

2. The method for reducing the volume of biological remains of the present invention, as described above, when the biological remains are treated at a high temperature, the volume of space is effectively reduced by 20 to 75%. No matter whether it is to commemorate or commemorate the sacrifice, it does not damage the environment or increase the environmental burden. Environmental protection concept.

3. When the skeleton of the biological remains is directly melted and smelted into a solidified material, the processing procedures and costs such as natural burial (environmental burial) and Nata can be simplified to reduce the burden on the family.

4. The method for reducing the volume of biological remains of the present invention, by treating the processed solidified material with a stable structure of non-crystalline glass, the quality is extremely stable, safe and strong. It can be used as a souvenir for long-term preservation, or as a sacrifice for the ancestors on the table of the sacrificial gods at home.

In summary, the embodiments of the present invention can indeed achieve the expected use effect, and the specific structure disclosed by it has not only not been seen in similar products, nor has it been disclosed before application, and has fully complied with the provisions of the Patent Law To meet the requirements, I filed an application for a patent for invention according to law, and pleaded for the review, and granted the patent.

(a): Obtain biological remains

(b): high temperature melting

(c): Cooling treatment

(1): Melt paste

(2): cured product

(3): Fluid injection tube

(4): Cooling tank

(41): Cooling liquid

(5): Funnel

(6): Screen

(7): refrigerant pipe

Figure 1: Schematic block diagram of the method of the present invention.

Second figure: Schematic diagram of the source for obtaining biological remains in the present invention.

Figure 3: Block diagram of the cooling process of the present invention.

Fourth figure: Schematic diagram of the implementation of the fluid injection pipe of the water quenching method of the present invention.

Fifth figure: Schematic diagram of the implementation of the cooling tank of the water quenching method of the present invention.

Figure 6: Schematic diagram of the implementation of the cooling tank, funnel and screen of the present invention.

Figure 7: Schematic diagram of the implementation of the cooling tank and refrigerant pipe of the present invention.

Attachment 1: Photograph of the ashes weighing the biological remains after cremation (1 kg).

Attachment 2: Photograph of the volume of 1 kg of biological remains in the measuring cup (about 1700 liters).

Attachment 3: Photograph of solidified material after smelting and cooling.

Attachment 4: Photograph of the weighing of the granular solidified material (1 kg).

Attachment 5: Photograph of the volume of 1 kg of granular solidified material in the measuring cup (about 700 liters).

(a): Obtain biological remains

(b): high temperature melting

(c): Cooling treatment

Claims (10)

A method for reducing the volume of biological remains, the steps are: a) Obtain biological remains obtained from human or animal dead bodies or ashes (skeletons); b) High-temperature melting, placing the remains or ashes (skeletons) of the above steps in a high-temperature melting furnace and melting at a temperature of 700-2200°C to melt the biological remains into a molten slurry; c) Cooling treatment, the molten smelt melted in the above steps is cooled by water quenching method. The water quenching method uses a low-temperature cooling liquid for instant cooling and cooling of the melt. The low temperature is defined as the temperature lower than the melt and The temperature that can be cooled, when the water quenching method is implemented, the cooling liquid is ejected through a fluid injection tube with a certain pressure, and the cooling liquid is sprayed on the molten slurry that flows out after smelting through the high temperature melting step to make it melt The slurry cools quickly and solidifies, and breaks into a fine, glassy solid. The method for reducing the volume of biological remains as described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the bone ashes (skeletons) are the bones left after the remains are collected, buried, cremated, or directly cremated. The method for reducing the volume of biological remains as described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the cooling liquid may be one of water, saline water, soda water, ice cube water, salt water with ice, alcohol with ice, liquid nitrogen, and oil. . The method for reducing the volume of biological remains as described in item 1, 2 or 3 of the patent application, wherein the volume of the solidified material obtained in step c is reduced by 20-75% of the volume of the ashes in step a. A method for reducing the volume of biological remains, the steps are: a) Obtain biological remains obtained from human or animal dead bodies or ashes (skeletal); b) High-temperature melting, placing the remains or ashes (skeletons) of the above steps in a high-temperature melting furnace and melting at a temperature of 700-2200°C to melt the biological remains into a molten slurry; c) Cooling treatment, the molten slurry melted in the above steps is cooled by water quenching method, the water quenching method is to use a low-temperature cooling liquid for instant cooling of the molten slurry, the low temperature is defined as the temperature is lower than the molten slurry and The temperature that can be cooled is provided with a cooling tank when the water quenching method is implemented, and the cooling liquid is injected into the cooling tank to allow the molten slurry flowing out after smelting through the high-temperature melting step to drop into the cooling tank , To make its melt cool and solidify quickly, and harden into a glassy solid. The method for reducing the volume of biological remains as described in item 5 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the bone ashes (skeletons) are bones left after the remains are taken up for cremation, cremation, or direct cremation. The method for reducing the volume of biological remains as described in item 5 of the patent application, wherein the cooling liquid can be water, salt water, soda water, ice cube water, salt water plus ice, alcohol plus ice, liquid nitrogen, or oil. . The method for reducing the volume of biological remains as described in item 5 of the scope of the patent application, wherein in step c, when the molten slurry is dropped on the cooling tank, a funnel and a screen can be provided at the outlet that receives the molten slurry drop, so that The melted slurry is divided into particles and falls to the cooling tank to cool and solidify into a granular solid. The biological remains volume reduction method as described in item 5 of the patent application scope, wherein a refrigerant pipe is provided in the cooling tank, so that the refrigerant pipe can provide and maintain a low temperature state of the cooling liquid. The method for reducing the volume of biological remains as described in any of items 5 to 9 of the patent application, wherein the volume of the solidified material obtained in step c is reduced by 20-75% of the volume of the ashes in step a.

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