TWI691143B - System and method for dynamically optimizing the capacity of battery module management system - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention provides a system and a method for dynamically optimizing the capacity of battery management system of the rechargeable battery module. By the remote control terminal, this invention system and method can dynamically optimize the capacity of battery management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module in the rechargeable battery module exchange station and the charging station. It improves the service life and efficiency of the rechargeable battery module, and to more accurately grasp the remaining capacity and usage status of the rechargeable battery module.

Description

System and method for dynamically optimizing electric capacity of battery module management system

The invention relates to a system that can dynamically optimize and calibrate the battery capacity of a battery module management system of a rechargeable battery module.

With the advent of the green energy era, the use scope and demand of rechargeable battery modules are increasing day by day. No matter in the fields of electric bicycles, electric locomotives, electric vehicles, energy storage, green energy power generation, etc., electric energy needs to be stored before being used. However, the storage of electrical energy is provided by the electrical energy storage module. Among electric energy storage modules, the use of rechargeable battery modules is the most common, and in the current energy storage technology of rechargeable battery modules, the storage energy density of lithium ion battery modules is the highest. However, during the charging and discharging process of the rechargeable battery module, the materials of the positive and negative electrodes will repeatedly undergo dissociation and crystallization redox reactions, which gradually cause irregularities in the crystal of the electrode material, which further affects the effect of the storage capacity. That is, the electrode deterioration of the rechargeable battery module shortens the service life of the rechargeable battery module.

The electrode aging phenomenon of this rechargeable battery module makes the rechargeable battery module storeable and usable capacity decreases with repeated charge and discharge cycles; thereby generating electricity stored in the current rechargeable battery module The demand for precise control of capacity is increasing and important.

In order to improve the precise control of the battery capacity of the rechargeable battery module, Rechargeable battery modules are more efficiently used and monitored to avoid power interruption caused by misjudgment of the remaining capacity of the rechargeable battery modules, and effective management and improvement of the rechargeable battery modules' capacity The use efficiency; the function of dynamically adjusting the parameter values of the total capacity of the rechargeable battery module, the battery health status, etc., has become an inevitable and necessary step.

In order to accurately monitor and use rechargeable battery modules, a rechargeable battery module management system (BMS) is used to accomplish this task. Taking lithium-ion battery modules as an example, lithium-ion battery modules The group includes a lithium ion battery module management system (BMS). The main functions of the lithium ion battery module management system include the protection functions of lithium ion battery module overcharge/discharge, overtemperature, and overcurrent. Manage the monitoring of the usage status of each lithium-ion battery cell in the lithium-ion battery module, the remaining capacity of the lithium-ion battery module, and provide a communication network interface to communicate with external devices so that external systems can access the lithium-ion battery module Management information on voltage, current, remaining capacity, temperature, number of charge and discharge cycles, health status, usage status, etc. in the group management system (BMS).

The composition of the rechargeable battery module management system (BMS) includes at least a rechargeable battery voltage sensing circuit, a rechargeable battery protection circuit, a BMS power circuit, an A/D conversion circuit, a temperature sensing circuit, an LED display circuit, and a complex number Power transistors, etc.; as the functions of the rechargeable battery module management system increase, it can further include: microcontroller modules, external communication network interface modules, display modules, sound modules, man-machine input modules, etc. . The detailed function and structure of the rechargeable battery module management system (BMS) can be described as a conventional technology in the technical field.

When the rechargeable battery module is used for a long period of charge and discharge cycles, there will be a problem of energy storage efficiency attenuation as described above. The deterioration of the electrode of the rechargeable battery module will also cause the internal impedance of the rechargeable battery module (also called the internal resistance of the battery) to rise, further causing the rechargeable battery Loss of module capacitance.

In addition, since the rechargeable battery module is composed of a plurality of rechargeable battery cells connected in series or parallel. When the rechargeable battery module is used for long-term charging and discharging, the voltage of each rechargeable battery cell will also be different, and the voltage difference of each rechargeable battery cell will cause some rechargeable battery cells to undergo charge and discharge cycles. The voltage will be too high or too low, and it will further cause the loss of the capacity of the rechargeable battery module.

In view of the problems and difficulties of the rechargeable battery module, which is caused by the long-term cycle charge/discharge of the prior art, after the long-term cycle charge/discharge use, the capacity and inaccuracy of the rechargeable battery module are reduced. A system and method for dynamically optimizing the electric capacity of the battery module management system. Through the remote control terminal, the electric capacity of the rechargeable battery module exchange station and the rechargeable battery module of the charging station can be dynamically optimized The program improves the service life and efficiency of the rechargeable battery module, and more accurately grasps the remaining capacity and use status of the rechargeable battery module.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical means adopted by the present invention is directed to rechargeable battery modules with multiple sets of series and parallel connections. The rechargeable battery modules provide a voltage range covering a voltage range of 4V~240V. Both rechargeable battery modules are applicable to the system and method of the present invention for dynamically optimizing the capacity of the rechargeable battery module management system.

Another object of the present invention is to use a remote external calibration system and a battery module management system (BMS) of a rechargeable battery module to perform a dynamic calibration and optimization procedure on the rechargeable battery module to facilitate circulation on the market Rechargeable battery modules for management, without having to return the rechargeable battery modules to the factory for maintenance, the electrical capacity of the rechargeable battery modules can be accurately grasped, monitored, and more Further reduce the labor cost required for maintenance.

The invention provides a system for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system (BMS), which at least includes: a rechargeable battery module, a rechargeable battery module charging unit, and a rechargeable battery module calibration device; wherein The rechargeable battery module calibration device includes at least: a calibration module, a power supply unit, a micro control unit, and a rechargeable battery module communication unit; wherein the calibration module includes at least: a voltage measurement unit, a Temperature measurement unit; wherein the rechargeable battery module communication unit and the calibration module are connected to the rechargeable battery module through one or more ports; the calibration module is connected to the battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module ) Perform the calibration procedure.

In a preferred embodiment, the calibration module further includes: a rechargeable battery module internal resistance measurement unit; wherein the rechargeable battery module internal resistance measurement unit also communicates with the rechargeable battery through one or more ports The modules are docked; the micro resistance measured by the internal resistance measurement unit of the rechargeable battery module is between 10μΩ and 10Ω.

The invention also provides a method for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system (BMS), which includes at least the following steps: step (1): the external system reads the type of rechargeable battery in the battery module management system of the rechargeable battery module, Current rated capacity setting value, current coulomb counter value, current remaining capacity value, current state of charge (SOC), more than one of the parameter values; Step (2): the external system determines the current voltage of the rechargeable battery module, The number of charge and discharge cycles, the usage record of the battery module management system of the rechargeable battery module, one or more of the parameter values; Step (3): connect the rechargeable battery module to the rechargeable battery module charging unit of the external system , The battery module management system enters the charging procedure; Step (4): The external system or the battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module determines whether the voltage of the rechargeable battery module is higher than a first voltage valve Value, if the voltage of the rechargeable battery module is higher than the first voltage threshold, the rechargeable battery module stops charging; step (5): external system or battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module, set The parameter values of the current coulomb counter value and the current remaining capacity value of the battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module are reset to the preset value of full charge.

In a preferred embodiment, the method further includes the following step: (6): the rechargeable battery module charging unit of the external system removes the rechargeable battery module, and the battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module enters Discharge remaining capacity counting procedure; Step (7): The battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module determines whether the voltage of the rechargeable battery module is lower than a second voltage threshold, if the voltage of the rechargeable battery module Below the second voltage threshold, the rechargeable battery module stops discharging; Step (8): The battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module is set to be managed by the battery module of the rechargeable battery module The current power consumption value converted from the current Coulomb counter value of the system (BMS) becomes the current rated capacity setting value of the battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module and sets the rechargeable battery module The current remaining capacity of the battery module management system (BMS) is the preset value of the stop discharge capacity.

In a preferred embodiment, step (2) further includes: step (2.1): the external system calibrates the voltage reading, temperature reading, analog/digital converter of the battery module management system of the rechargeable battery module ( ADC) reading, one or more of the parameter values.

In a preferred embodiment, step (2) further includes: step (2.1): an external system or a battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module, measuring and reading each of the rechargeable battery modules Voltage value of a single rechargeable battery cell; Step (2.2): External system or battery module management system (BMS) of rechargeable battery module to determine the voltage and rechargeability of each single rechargeable battery cell in the rechargeable battery module Between any two or more rechargeable battery cells in the battery module Voltage difference, one or more of the parameter values; where the external system or the battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module, execute the procedure of step (2.2) to determine the singular or plural number of rechargeable battery modules The rechargeable battery cell voltage is lower than a single rechargeable battery cell over-discharge voltage setting threshold, or the voltage difference between any two or more rechargeable battery cells in the rechargeable battery module is greater than a permissible charging voltage difference setting range threshold When one or more of the conditions are met, it is determined that the rechargeable battery module cannot continue to be charged for use, and the dynamic optimization process is terminated.

In a preferred embodiment, step (2) further includes: step (2.1): the external system determines the internal resistance of the rechargeable battery module.

In a preferred embodiment, step (3) further includes: step (3.1): the external system calibrates the current reading of the battery module management system of the rechargeable battery module, and the current analog/digital converter (ADC) reading Value, one or more of the parameter values.

In a preferred embodiment, step (3) further includes: step (3.1): an external system or a battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module to determine the singular or plural number in the rechargeable battery module The voltage of each rechargeable battery cell is higher than a single rechargeable battery cell balance voltage setting threshold, and the voltage difference between any two or more rechargeable battery cells in the rechargeable battery module is greater than a balance voltage difference setting range threshold, When more than one of the conditions is satisfied, the voltage balancing process between the individual rechargeable battery cells in the rechargeable battery module is executed.

In a preferred embodiment, step (8) further includes: step (8.1): the battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module determines that the battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module ) Whether the current power consumption value converted from the current Coulomb counter value is higher than a minimum power consumption setting threshold; if the current power consumption value is higher than the minimum power consumption setting threshold, the setting becomes The current rated capacity setting value.

The invention has the effect of accurately grasping and monitoring the electric capacity of the rechargeable battery module, effectively improving the service life and efficiency of the rechargeable battery module, and greatly reducing the maintenance cost required to perform calibration on a large number of rechargeable battery modules.

11: Rechargeable battery module calibration device

111: Micro Control Unit

112: Rechargeable battery module identification and certification unit

1121: Communication connection interface

113: Rechargeable battery module communication unit

1131: Communication connection interface

114: Calibration mode setting unit

115: Calibration module

1151: Voltage measurement unit

1152: Temperature measurement unit

1153: Internal resistance measurement unit

1154: Constant current load source

1155: Connect the circuit

1156: Connect the circuit

1157: Connect the circuit

1158: Connect the circuit

1159: Connect the circuit

116: Power supply unit

117: Connection interface

118: Rechargeable battery module charging unit

12: Rechargeable battery module

121: Port

122: Rechargeable battery cell

123: Battery Module Management System (BMS)

13: Central processing control module

14: Communication connection interface

FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of an embodiment of a system for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an architecture diagram of Embodiment 2 of the system for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a graph of the discharge characteristics of a general rechargeable battery (taking a lithium ion battery as an example).

Figure 4 is a comparison chart of the discharge characteristic curves of various anode material lithium ion batteries.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the method for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system of a rechargeable battery module of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of Embodiment 2 of the method for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system of a rechargeable battery module of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of Embodiment 3 of the method for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system of a rechargeable battery module of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of Embodiment 4 of the method for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system of a rechargeable battery module of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of Embodiment 5 of the method for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system of a rechargeable battery module of the present invention.

Figure 10 is the battery module management system of the dynamically optimized rechargeable battery module of the present invention Flow chart of the sixth embodiment of the capacity method.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart of Embodiment 7 of the method for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system of a rechargeable battery module of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart of Embodiment 8 of the method for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system of a rechargeable battery module of the present invention.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without making advancement fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a system for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system (BMS) of the present invention, which includes: a rechargeable battery module calibration device 11, a micro control unit 111, and a rechargeable battery module Identification authentication unit 112, rechargeable battery module communication unit 113, calibration mode setting unit 114, calibration unit 115, power supply unit 116, rechargeable battery module charging unit 118; calibration unit 115 further includes: voltage measurement unit 1151 Temperature measurement unit 1152, internal resistance measurement unit 1153, constant current load source 1154; the rechargeable battery module calibration device 11 is connected to the rechargeable battery module 12 through the port 121, and the rechargeable battery module 12 is It consists of a battery module management system (BMS) 123 and a plurality of rechargeable battery cells 122, which are connected in series to increase the voltage of the battery module and in parallel to increase the capacity of the battery module. The rechargeable battery module 12 is made of lithium ions The battery module is the main embodiment, but it is not limited to the use of lithium-ion battery modules, but is aimed at all rechargeable battery modules with a battery module management system (BMS).

The communication connection interface 1121 between the rechargeable battery module identification and authentication unit 112 and the rechargeable battery module 12 can be a wired connection interface, such as: UART, SPI-Bus, RS-232, RS-485, CAN -At least one of Bus, I2C-Bus, HDQ-Bus, USB... and other interfaces can also be a wireless connection interface, such as: RF tag interface (RFID), near field communication interface (NFC), blue At least one of wireless interfaces such as Bud (BT), Zigbee...

The micro control unit 111 can be one of 8-bit, 16-bit or 32-bit microcontrollers. The firmware design of the microcontroller can include an operating system (OS) or a simple firmware programming without an operating system . In addition, the microcontroller also provides a variety of peripheral modules, such as: A/D conversion circuit, Timer circuit, D/A conversion circuit, UART communication circuit, programmable input/output circuit (GPIO), real-time clock circuit (RTC), non-volatile memory... and other modules.

The communication connection interface 1131 of the rechargeable battery module communication unit 113 and the rechargeable battery module 12 is a wired connection interface, such as: UART, SPI-Bus, RS-232, RS-485, CAN-Bus, At least one of I2C-Bus, HDQ-Bus, USB... and other interfaces, where the rechargeable battery module communication unit 113 and the connection interface 1131 with the rechargeable battery module 12 can also be connected to the rechargeable battery The battery module identification and authentication unit 112 and the communication connection interface 1121 of the rechargeable electric battery module 12 share the same communication connection interface, that is, the rechargeable battery module communication unit 113 and the rechargeable electric battery module identification and authentication unit 112, The same communication connection interface is used for the rechargeable battery module 12.

In addition, the micro-control unit 111 manages information accessed by the battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module 12, except for voltage, current, rated capacity, remaining capacity, temperature, and coulomb counter value. .. etc., also includes: BMS hardware/firmware version, charge/discharge cycles, battery module serial number, battery module ex-factory date, battery module manufacturer, The battery cell type, battery cell serial number, battery cell parallel number, battery module health status, battery module error status information, etc., can be accessed through the communication unit interface of the rechargeable battery module 12.

The calibration module 115 calibrates the rechargeable battery module 12; through the connection port 121 of the rechargeable battery module 12, each unit of the calibration module 115 has an independent connection circuit 1155-1158 for the rechargeable battery module 12 , Separately measure and execute the signal value needed for calibration.

The rechargeable battery module calibration device 11 communicates with the central processing control module 13 through the communication connection interface 14 for data transmission and communication, and the central processing control module 13 can be simultaneously connected to a plurality of rechargeable battery module calibration devices 11 For communication, the central processing control module 13 can communicate and exchange data with the remote management and monitoring server.

The rechargeable battery module charging unit 118 can be connected to the rechargeable battery module 12 (taking a lithium-ion battery module as an example) through a connection circuit 1159, and the connection circuit 1159 and the connection circuit 1155-1158 are commonly connected to the rechargeable battery module The output positive and negative terminals of the 12 are connected to the rechargeable battery module charging unit 118 through a switching element (not marked with a component symbol) to turn on/off the charging procedure for the rechargeable battery module 12.

The micro control unit 111 controls the switching element (not marked with an element symbol) connected to the rechargeable battery module charging unit 118 to turn on/off the charging procedure for the rechargeable battery module 12, and to measure and read the rechargeable battery module The accurate charging current value of the rechargeable battery module 12 by the group charging unit 118 can be used as a current reading value and a current analog/digital converter (ADC) reading of the battery module management system (BMS) for calibrating the rechargeable battery module 12 Value program.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of a system for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system (BMS) of the present invention, wherein the rechargeable battery module charging unit 118 can be independent of the rechargeable battery module calibration device 11 In addition, and rechargeable battery module calibration device 11 It can also be included in the rechargeable battery module calibration device 11 as shown in the previous embodiment of FIG. 1.

Figure 3 shows the discharge characteristic curve of a general rechargeable battery (taking a lithium ion battery as an example). The discharge characteristic curve of the rechargeable battery is divided into three stages during the entire discharge process. The first stage: high activity interval ; Stage 2: High-efficiency discharge interval; Stage 3: Discharge cut-off interval.

Stage 1: In the high activity interval, the voltage of the rechargeable battery drops rapidly. When the discharge current is larger, the voltage drops faster.

The second stage: the high-efficiency discharge interval, the voltage of the rechargeable battery decreases gently. This interval conforms to the role of Ohm's law, and its acting resistance value depends on the internal resistance of the rechargeable battery.

Stage 3: During the discharge cut-off period, the charge of the rechargeable battery is nearly discharged, and the voltage drops sharply. When the voltage of the rechargeable battery exceeds the over-discharge voltage point of the battery's redox reaction voltage, the rechargeable battery will not continue The redox reaction of the battery is used for charging/discharging. At this time, the rechargeable battery enters the service life suspension interval.

The capacity of the rechargeable battery module refers to the total amount of electricity discharged by the battery module under certain conditions (discharge current I, discharge temperature T, discharge time t, discharge voltage V), whose unit is ampere*hour (Ah) , Or Coulomb (C=A*s=Amp*sec), the calculation formula is as follows: C _discharge =ʃ I(t)dt........................ ..............................(1)

If the temperature (T) change during discharge is considered, the calculation formula is revised as follows: C _discharge = ʃ η(T)*I(t)dt................... .........................(2)

Where η(T) refers to the charge and discharge efficiency of the rechargeable battery module, which is the temperature (T) The function.

For the change in the capacity of the rechargeable battery module during the use, in addition to directly using the current Coulomb counter count value to convert to the current consumed power capacity value and the current remaining capacity value, the state of charge of the rechargeable battery module (State of Charge-SOC) as a reference, the so-called state-of-charge (SOC) of the rechargeable battery module refers to the percentage of the remaining charge of the current rechargeable battery module, whose unit is %. The calculation formula is as follows: SOC=(1-(C _Discharge /C _rating ))* 100%..............................(3)

The C _rating refers to the current rated capacity setting value of the battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module.

In the battery module management system (BMS) of rechargeable battery modules, the counting of the capacity (Coulomb) is achieved through a Coulomb counter, and the implementation of the Coulomb counter can be through hardware or software Way. For the hardware mode, it can be completed by a current sensing circuit plus an integrating circuit; for the software mode, the charge/discharge current sensing reading value can be accumulated through the program timer (Timer) / Accumulate to complete.

Figure 4 shows a comparison diagram of the discharge curves of various anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Among the anode materials compared are: lithium nickel cobalt manganate (LiNi _1/3 Co _1/3 Mn _1/3 O ₂ ), lithium manganate (LiMn ₂ O ₄ ), lithium cobaltate (LiCoO ₂ ), lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO ₄ ), etc.

A variety of different lithium ion battery anode materials exhibit quite different discharge characteristic curves. Among them, lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO ₄ ) anode materials for lithium ion batteries have a relatively smooth second stage: high-efficiency discharge interval. Lithium-ion batteries with nickel-cobalt-manganese oxide (LiNi _1/3 Co _1/3 Mn _1/3 O ₂ ) anode materials have better battery capacity.

Figures 5 to 12 show the battery module of the dynamically optimized rechargeable battery module of the present invention The battery capacity management system (BMS) of the lithium-ion battery module is the main embodiment of the method embodiment of the group management system electric capacity, but it is not limited to the use of lithium-ion battery modules. BMS) rechargeable battery module is applicable.

Figure 5 shows the first embodiment of the method for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system of a rechargeable battery module of the present invention, which includes at least the following steps: (1): the external system reads the battery module of the rechargeable battery module The type of rechargeable battery, current rated capacity setting value, current coulomb counter value, current remaining capacity value, current state of charge (SOC) of the group management system (BMS), more than one of the parameter values; Step (2): The external system judges the current voltage of the rechargeable battery module, the number of charge and discharge cycles, the usage record of the battery module management system of the rechargeable battery module, and more than one of the parameter values; Step (3): connect the rechargeable battery module Set to the rechargeable battery module charging unit of the external system, the battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module enters the charging procedure; step (4): the external system or the battery module management system, determine the rechargeable battery module Whether the group voltage is higher than a first voltage threshold, if the rechargeable battery module voltage is higher than the first voltage threshold, the rechargeable battery module stops charging; Step (5): external system or battery module management system, Set the parameters to reset the current Coulomb counter value and the current remaining capacity value to the preset value of full charge.

The "first voltage threshold" is the voltage value at which the rechargeable battery module is fully charged. The voltage threshold of this fully charged voltage is the reference basis parameter for judging whether the rechargeable battery module has reached the fully charged state The value should be set according to the potential characteristics of the redox reaction of rechargeable battery modules of various materials. This first voltage threshold can be fixedly stored in an external system or the battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module )in. "Full charge preset value" is the current coulomb counter value and current remaining value of the battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module when the rechargeable battery module is determined to be fully charged Capacitance value, used to reset settings The default value of the two parameters; the embodiment of the preset value of the full charge of these two parameter values is generally set as follows: the current Coulomb counter value = 0 Coulomb, the current remaining capacity value = the current rated capacity setting value, and the current state of charge ( SOC)=100%. However, the preset value of the two parameter values can not only be set as in the above embodiment, but can be adjusted and set according to the calibration needs of the rechargeable battery module. It can be fixedly stored in an external system or a battery module management system (BMS) of rechargeable battery modules.

Figure 6 shows the second embodiment of the method for dynamically optimizing the capacity of the battery module management system of the rechargeable battery module of the present invention. In addition to the method implementation shown in Figure 5, the method further includes: step (6): Remove the rechargeable battery module from the rechargeable battery module charging unit of the external system. The battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module enters the discharge remaining capacity counting procedure; step (7): battery module management The system determines whether the voltage of the rechargeable battery module is lower than a second voltage threshold. If the voltage of the rechargeable battery module is lower than the second voltage threshold, the rechargeable battery module stops discharging; step (8): the battery module The management system sets the current consumed power value converted from the current Coulomb counter value to become the current rated capacity setting value, and sets the current remaining capacity value as the preset value of the stop discharge capacity.

The "second voltage threshold" is the voltage value of the cut-off discharge of the rechargeable battery module. The cut-off discharge voltage threshold is the reference based on the parameter value to determine whether the rechargeable battery module has reached the cut-off discharge state. The potential characteristics of the redox reaction of rechargeable battery modules of various materials are set. This second voltage threshold can be fixedly stored in an external system or the battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module. The "current power consumption value converted from the current Coulomb counter value" refers to the total amount of electricity discharged by the rechargeable battery module, as described in the foregoing formula (1) and formula (2); and "current rated capacity Set value is a rechargeable battery The total available capacity of the rechargeable battery module set in the battery module management system (BMS) of the module. This parameter value will be cycled with the charge/discharge of the rechargeable battery module in the method of the present invention In dynamic adjustment, when the rechargeable battery module has reached the cut-off discharge state, it means that the rechargeable battery module has been completely discharged. At this time, the current consumed power value converted from the current Coulomb counter value is the rechargeable battery module. The total electric capacity of the group is completely discharged. At this time, the current rated electric capacity setting value is updated to the current consumed electric capacity value, and the total electric capacity available for the rechargeable battery module can be accurately grasped. The "stop discharge capacity preset value" is used to set the current remaining capacity value of the battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module when the rechargeable battery module is deemed to be in the discharge state. The preset value to be used; in this embodiment of the preset value of the stop discharge capacity of the current remaining capacity value, the current remaining capacity value is generally set to 0. However, the current preset value of the stop discharge capacity of the remaining capacity value can not only be set as in the above embodiment, but can be adjusted and set according to the calibration needs of the rechargeable battery module. The preset value of capacity can be fixedly stored in an external system or a battery module management system (BMS) of a rechargeable battery module.

Fig. 7 shows the third embodiment of the method for dynamically optimizing the capacity of the battery module management system of the rechargeable battery module of the present invention, except for the method shown in Figs. 5 and 6, which includes the step (2) further Contains: Step (2.1): external system calibrates the battery module management system (BMS) voltage reading, temperature reading, analog/digital converter (ADC) reading of rechargeable battery modules, and more than one of the parameters value.

Fig. 8 shows the fourth embodiment of the method for dynamically optimizing the capacity of the battery module management system of the rechargeable battery module of the present invention, except for the method shown in Figs. 5 and 6, which includes the step (2) further Including: Step (2.1): Battery module of external system or rechargeable battery module Group management system (BMS), measuring and reading the voltage value of each single rechargeable battery cell in the rechargeable battery module; Step (2.2): external system or battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module, Determine the voltage of each single rechargeable battery cell in the rechargeable battery module, the voltage difference between any two or more rechargeable battery cells in the rechargeable battery module, and the parameter value of more than one of them; where, the external system or The battery module management system executes the procedure of step (2.2) to determine whether the singular or plural rechargeable battery cells in the rechargeable battery module are lower than a single rechargeable battery cell over-discharge voltage setting threshold, or the rechargeable battery module The voltage difference between any two or more rechargeable battery cells in the group is greater than a threshold of the allowable charging voltage difference setting range. When more than one of the conditions is met, it is determined that the rechargeable battery module cannot continue to charge and the dynamic is suspended Optimize the program.

The "over-discharge voltage setting threshold" is a voltage value that determines that each single rechargeable battery cell in the rechargeable battery module cannot be used. The voltage threshold value of this rechargeable battery cell is unusable. Whether the single rechargeable battery cell can no longer be used depends on the parameter value, and should be set according to the potential characteristics of the redox reaction of the rechargeable battery module of various materials. This over-discharge voltage setting threshold can be fixed and stored externally System or battery module management system (BMS) of rechargeable battery modules. "Allowable charging voltage difference setting range threshold" is the range of voltage difference that determines that the voltage difference between any two or more rechargeable battery cells in the rechargeable battery module is too large to be used anymore. The voltage difference between the rechargeable battery cells is too large to be used anymore. The threshold value of the voltage difference range is the reference value for judging whether the rechargeable battery module can no longer be used. According to the parameter value, it should affect the rechargeable battery module It is set by using the degree characteristic of the total power. This allows the threshold value of the charging voltage difference setting range to be fixedly stored in an external system or a battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module.

Fig. 9 shows the battery module of the dynamically optimized rechargeable battery module of the present invention Embodiment 5 of the method for managing the capacity of the system, except for the method implementation shown in Figures 5 and 6, wherein step (2) further includes: step (2.1): the external system determines the internal resistance of the rechargeable battery module. Among them, the internal resistance value of the rechargeable battery module can be used as management information in addition to the number of charge and discharge cycles, health status, use status, etc. provided by the battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module , Another can directly refer to the reference basis parameter value to determine the service life of the rechargeable battery module. In addition, in addition to using the voltage or voltage difference of each single rechargeable battery cell shown in Figure 8 as a basis for determining whether the rechargeable battery module can continue to be used, it can also use rechargeable The internal resistance of the battery module is used as the basis for determining whether the rechargeable battery module can continue to be used. In addition, in the process of calibrating the rechargeable battery module by an external system, the internal resistance of the rechargeable battery module can also be used as one of the reference parameter values for calibration to improve the accuracy of calibrating the parameters of the rechargeable battery module .

Figure 10 shows a sixth embodiment of the method for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system of a rechargeable battery module of the present invention, except for the method implementation shown in Figures 5 and 6, in which step (3) further Including: Step (3.1): the external system calibrates the current reading of the battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module, the current analog/digital converter (ADC) reading, and more than one of the parameter values. Among them, the current reading of the battery module management system (BMS) for calibrating rechargeable battery modules is to enable the coulomb counter of the battery module management system (BMS) to count the capacitance more accurately; it can be charged through an external system The charging current value used by the battery module charging unit is calibrated with the current reading value read in the battery module management system (BMS), which can improve the calibration of the battery module management system (BMS) of rechargeable battery modules Of efficiency.

Figure 11 shows the battery module of the dynamically optimized rechargeable battery module of the present invention The seventh embodiment of the method for managing the capacity of the system, except for the method implementation shown in Figures 5 and 6, wherein step (3) further includes: step (3.1): an external system or a battery module of a rechargeable battery module Management system (BMS) to determine whether the voltage of single or multiple rechargeable battery cells in a rechargeable battery module is higher than a single rechargeable battery cell balance voltage setting threshold, and any two or more rechargeable battery modules can be charged The voltage difference between the battery cells is greater than the threshold of a balance voltage difference setting range. When more than one of the conditions is satisfied, the voltage balancing process between the individual rechargeable battery cells is executed.

"Single rechargeable battery cell balance voltage setting threshold" is a voltage value that determines that each single rechargeable battery cell in the rechargeable battery module needs to start the balancing process. The voltage threshold of the rechargeable battery cell to start the balancing process is judged Whether it is necessary to balance the voltage difference of each single rechargeable battery cell in the rechargeable battery module is based on the parameter value, and should be set according to the charging voltage characteristics of the rechargeable battery cells of various materials. This single rechargeable battery cell balances the voltage The set threshold can be fixedly stored in an external system or a battery module management system (BMS) of a rechargeable battery module. "Balance voltage difference setting range threshold" is the voltage difference range between any two or more rechargeable battery cells in the rechargeable battery module that is too large to require the balance process to be started. Any two or more The voltage difference between the rechargeable battery cells is too large to start the balancing process. The threshold value of the voltage difference range threshold is used to determine whether the rechargeable battery module needs to balance the voltage difference of each single rechargeable battery cell. The reference is based on the parameter value. The rechargeable battery module can be set by using the degree characteristics of the total amount of electricity. The threshold value of the setting range of the balanced voltage difference can be fixedly stored in an external system or a battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module.

After the repeated charge and discharge cycle of the rechargeable battery module, the difference between the voltages of the individual rechargeable battery cells of the rechargeable battery module will gradually increase, resulting in the individual The voltage value of the rechargeable battery cell is unbalanced and cannot be consistent. At this time, in order to increase the service life and capacity of the rechargeable battery module, the voltage value of each single rechargeable battery core of the rechargeable battery module needs to be rebalanced to make the voltage value tend to be consistent. This is called a rechargeable battery The balancing procedure of the rechargeable battery core of the module.

Figure 12 shows Embodiment 8 of the method for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system of a rechargeable battery module of the present invention, except for the method implementation shown in Figure 6, wherein step (8) further includes: Step (8.1): The battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module determines whether the current power consumption value converted from the current Coulomb counter value is higher than a minimum power consumption setting threshold; If the power consumption value is higher than the minimum power consumption setting threshold, the setting becomes the current rated power setting value.

Among them, "the current consumed power value converted from the current Coulomb counter value" refers to the total amount of electricity discharged by the rechargeable battery module, as described in the foregoing formula (1), formula (2); and "current rated power capacity The "setting value" is the total available capacity of the rechargeable battery module set in the battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module. This parameter value will be changed with the rechargeable battery in the method of the present invention. The charge/discharge cycle of the module is dynamically adjusted. When the rechargeable battery module has reached the cut-off discharge state, it means that the rechargeable battery module has been completely discharged. At this time, the current consumed power capacity converted from the current Coulomb counter value The value is the total capacity of the fully discharged rechargeable battery module. At this time, the current rated capacity setting value is updated to the current consumed capacity value, and the total available capacity of the rechargeable battery module can be accurately grasped. "Minimum power consumption setting threshold" is to determine whether the current power consumption capacity value of the battery module management system (BMS) has reached the power consumption capacity value that can update the current rated power capacity setting value. This power consumption capacity threshold To determine whether the current rated capacity setting of the battery module management system (BMS) can be It is updated as an important reference basis for the current power consumption value. This minimum power consumption setting threshold can be fixedly stored in the external system or the battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module. The minimum power consumption setting threshold is to compensate the error caused by the coulomb counter of the battery module management system (BMS) when counting the minute discharge current of the rechargeable battery module. For example, when the rechargeable battery module is left unused for a long time, the current consumption of the battery module management system (BMS) of the rechargeable battery module itself will be very small. At this time, the battery module management system ( BMS) Coulomb counters are likely to produce counting errors. In order to avoid the internal consumption of the battery module management system (BMS) itself, the voltage of the rechargeable battery module is lower than the aforementioned second voltage threshold, and the current rated capacity setting value of the battery module management system (BMS) is updated To further use the minimum power consumption setting threshold to limit the conditions under which the current rated capacity setting is updated.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the present invention. Within the scope of protection.

Claims (10)

A system for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system, which at least includes: a rechargeable battery module, a rechargeable battery module charging unit, and a rechargeable battery module calibration device; wherein the above rechargeable battery module calibration The device includes at least: a calibration module, a power supply unit, a micro control unit, and a rechargeable battery module communication unit; wherein, the calibration module at least includes: a voltage measurement unit and a temperature measurement unit Wherein the rechargeable battery module communication unit and the calibration module interface with the rechargeable battery module through one or more ports; wherein the calibration module manages the battery module of the rechargeable battery module The system contains at least one of the voltage and temperature signal values, and performs the measurement and calibration procedures. The system for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system according to claim 1, wherein the calibration module further comprises: a rechargeable battery module internal resistance measuring unit; wherein, the rechargeable battery module internal resistance The test unit is also connected to the rechargeable battery module through the one or more ports; Wherein, the micro resistance measured by the internal resistance measuring unit of the rechargeable battery module ranges from 10 μΩ to 10 Ω. A method for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system includes at least the following steps: step (1): the external system reads the type of rechargeable battery of the battery module management system of the rechargeable battery module, the current rated capacity setting value, Current coulomb counter value, current remaining capacity value, current state of charge (SOC), more than one of the parameter values; Step (2): the above external system determines the current voltage of the rechargeable battery module, the number of charge and discharge cycles, the available Usage records of the battery module management system of the rechargeable battery module, one or more of the parameter values; Step (3): connect the rechargeable battery module to the rechargeable battery module charging unit of the external system, the battery module The group management system enters the charging procedure; step (4): the external system or the battery module management system determines whether the voltage of the rechargeable battery module is higher than a first voltage threshold, and if the voltage of the rechargeable battery module is high At the first voltage threshold, the rechargeable battery module stops charging; step (5): the external system or the battery module management system sets a value to reset the current Coulomb counter value and the current remaining capacity value The parameter value is the preset value of full charge. The method for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system according to claim 3, further comprising: step (6): removing the rechargeable battery module from the rechargeable battery module charging unit of the external system, the battery The module management system enters the discharge remaining capacity counting procedure; step (7): the battery module management system determines whether the voltage of the rechargeable battery module is lower than a second voltage threshold, if the voltage of the rechargeable battery module is low At the second voltage threshold, the rechargeable battery module stops discharging; Step (8): The battery module management system sets the current consumed capacity value converted from the current Coulomb counter value to become the current rated capacity setting value, and sets the current remaining capacity value as the stop discharge capacity default value. The method for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the step (2) further comprises: step (2.1): the external system calibrates the battery module of the rechargeable battery module Management system voltage readings, temperature readings, analog/digital converter (ADC) readings, more than one of the parameter values. The method for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the step (2) further comprises: step (2.1): the external system or the battery module management system, measurement reading The voltage value of each single rechargeable battery cell in the above rechargeable battery module; Step (2.2): the external system or the battery module management system determines the voltage of each single rechargeable battery cell in the above rechargeable battery module, The voltage difference between any two or more rechargeable battery cells in the above rechargeable battery module, and one or more of the parameter values; wherein, the external system or the battery module management system performs the procedure of step (2.2) Determine that the singular or plural rechargeable battery cells in the above rechargeable battery module are lower than a single rechargeable battery cell over-discharge voltage setting threshold, or any two or more rechargeable battery cells in the above rechargeable battery module The voltage difference between them is greater than a threshold of the allowable charging voltage difference setting range. When more than one of the conditions is met, it is determined that the rechargeable battery module cannot continue to be charged and the dynamic optimization process is terminated. The method for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the step (2) further comprises: step (2.1): the external system determines the internal resistance of the rechargeable battery module. The method for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the step (3) further comprises: step (3.1): the external system calibrates the battery module of the rechargeable battery module The current reading of the management system, the current analog/digital converter (ADC) reading, and more than one of the parameter values. The method for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the step (3) further comprises: step (3.1): the external system or the battery module management system determines the rechargeable The singular or plural rechargeable battery cells in the battery module have a voltage higher than a single rechargeable battery cell balancing voltage setting threshold, and the voltage difference between any two or more rechargeable battery cells in the above rechargeable battery module is greater than A threshold value for the setting range of the balance voltage difference, when more than one of the conditions is met, the voltage balance procedure between the individual rechargeable battery cores is executed. The method for dynamically optimizing the capacity of a battery module management system according to claim 4, wherein the step (8) further comprises: step (8.1): the battery module management system determines the current value converted from the current Coulomb counter value Whether the consumed power value is higher than a minimum power consumption setting threshold; if the current power consumption value is higher than the minimum power consumption setting threshold, the current rated capacity setting value is set.

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