TWI679193B - 使用甲酸作為co源之甲氧羰基化反應 - Google Patents
使用甲酸作為co源之甲氧羰基化反應 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI679193B TWI679193B TW107127034A TW107127034A TWI679193B TW I679193 B TWI679193 B TW I679193B TW 107127034 A TW107127034 A TW 107127034A TW 107127034 A TW107127034 A TW 107127034A TW I679193 B TWI679193 B TW I679193B
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- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000006063 methoxycarbonylation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004404 heteroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 101150003085 Pdcl gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- WMKGGPCROCCUDY-PHEQNACWSA-N dibenzylideneacetone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WMKGGPCROCCUDY-PHEQNACWSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- JKDRQYIYVJVOPF-FDGPNNRMSA-L palladium(ii) acetylacetonate Chemical compound [Pd+2].C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O JKDRQYIYVJVOPF-FDGPNNRMSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- WGLLSSPDPJPLOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbut-2-ene Chemical group CC(C)=C(C)C WGLLSSPDPJPLOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 3
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-hexane Natural products CCCCCC(C)C JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 heteroalkane Group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/36—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reaction with carbon monoxide or formates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/04—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides onto unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/22—Organic complexes
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/24—Phosphines, i.e. phosphorus bonded to only carbon atoms, or to both carbon and hydrogen atoms, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, phosphole or anionic phospholide ligands
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/24—Phosphines, i.e. phosphorus bonded to only carbon atoms, or to both carbon and hydrogen atoms, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, phosphole or anionic phospholide ligands
- B01J31/2404—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring
- B01J31/2409—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring with more than one complexing phosphine-P atom
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/24—Phosphines, i.e. phosphorus bonded to only carbon atoms, or to both carbon and hydrogen atoms, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, phosphole or anionic phospholide ligands
- B01J31/2404—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring
- B01J31/2442—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring comprising condensed ring systems
- B01J31/2447—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring comprising condensed ring systems and phosphine-P atoms as substituents on a ring of the condensed system or on a further attached ring
- B01J31/2452—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring comprising condensed ring systems and phosphine-P atoms as substituents on a ring of the condensed system or on a further attached ring with more than one complexing phosphine-P atom
- B01J31/2457—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring comprising condensed ring systems and phosphine-P atoms as substituents on a ring of the condensed system or on a further attached ring with more than one complexing phosphine-P atom comprising aliphatic or saturated rings, e.g. Xantphos
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Abstract
一種使用甲酸做為CO源之甲氧羰基化反應的方法。
Description
本發明係關於一種使用甲酸做為CO源之甲氧羰基化反應的方法。
烯類之甲氧羰基化反應是一種重要性逐漸提高之方法。在典型的甲氧羰基化反應中,烯烴係在包含配位基和金屬之觸媒的存在下與CO和MeOH反應:在此,CO以氣體形態導入反應槽中。
本發明之目的是要提供一種利用CO氣體以外之CO源之方法,該CO源被導入該反應槽中。該方法將獲得高產率的甲酯。 本發明之目的係藉由根據申請專利範圍第1項的方法達成。 該方法為一種包含下列方法步驟的方法: a) 添加烯烴; b) 添加包含Pd之化合物,其中該Pd能形成錯合物; c) 添加通式(I
)之化合物:其中R1
、R2
、R3
、R4
各自獨立選自:-H、-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、-O-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、-(C4
-C14
)-芳基、-O-(C4
-C14
)-芳基、環烷基、-(C1
-C12
)-雜烷基、-O-(C1
-C12
)-雜烷基、 -(C3
-C14
)-雜芳基、-O-(C3
-C14
)-雜芳基、-COO-烷基、 -COO-芳基、-C-O-烷基、-C-O-芳基、NH2
、鹵素,且該等殘基也能形成較大縮合環; 其中該經列舉之烷基基團、芳基基團、環烷基、雜烷基基團、雜芳基基團可經下列取代: -(C1
-C12
)-烷基、-O-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、鹵素; 且該等基團R1
、R2
、R3
、R4
中之至少一者不表示苯基; d) 添加MeOH和HCOOH, 其中基於所用之體積,該MeOH/HCOOH比率是在1.55:0.45至1.1:0.9之範圍中; e) 加熱該反應混合物以轉變該烯烴成甲酯。 在該方法之一變化型中,不供應CO氣體至該反應混合物。 在該方法之一變化型中,HCOOH用作為該反應之唯一CO源。 在該方法之一變化型中,在方法步驟b)中之化合物係選自:Pd(acac)2
、PdCl2
、Pd(dba)3
*CH3
Cl(dba=二亞苄基丙酮)、Pd(OAc)2
、Pd(TFA)2
、Pd(CH3
CN)Cl2
。 在該方法之一變化型中,在方法步驟b)中之化合物係Pd(OAc)2
。 在該方法之一變化型中,該方法包含額外方法步驟f): f)添加酸。 在該方法之一變化型中,該酸係選自:H2
SO4
、CH3
SO3
H、CF3
SO3
H、PTSA (對-甲苯磺酸)。 在該方法之一變化型中,該酸是PTSA(對-甲苯磺酸)。 在該方法之一變化型中,基於所用之體積,該MeOH/HCOOH比率是在1.5:0.5至1.2:0.8之範圍中。 在該方法之一變化型中,R1
、R2
、R3
、R4
各自獨立選自:-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、-O-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、-(C4
-C14
)-芳基、 -O-(C4
-C14
)-芳基、環烷基、-(C1
-C12
)-雜烷基、-O-(C1
-C12
)-雜烷基、-(C3
-C14
)-雜芳基、-O-(C3
-C14
)-雜芳基、 -COO-烷基、-COO-芳基、-C-O-烷基、-C-O-芳基、NH2
、鹵素,且該等殘基也能形成較大縮合環; 其中該經列舉之烷基基團、芳基基團、環烷基、雜烷基基團、雜芳基基團可經下列取代: -(C1
-C12
)-烷基、-O-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、鹵素; 且該等基團R1
、R2
、R3
、R4
中之至少一者不表示苯基。 在該方法之一變化型中,R1
、R2
、R3
、R4
各自獨立選自:-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、-(C4
-C14
)-芳基、環烷基、-(C1
-C12
)-雜烷基、-(C3
-C14
)-雜芳基、鹵素,且該等殘基也能形成較大縮合環; 其中該經列舉之烷基基團、芳基基團、環烷基、雜烷基基團、雜芳基基團可經下列取代: -(C1
-C12
)-烷基、-O-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、鹵素; 且該等基團R1
、R2
、R3
、R4
之至少一者不表示苯基。 在該方法之一變化型中,R1
、R2
、R3
、R4
各自獨立選自:-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、環烷基、-(C3
-C14
)-雜芳基,且該等殘基也能形成較大縮合環; 其中該經列舉之烷基基團、環烷基、雜芳基基團可經下列取代: -(C1
-C12
)-烷基、-O-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、鹵素; 且該等基團R1
、R2
、R3
、R4
中之至少一者不表示苯基。 在該方法之一變化型中,R1
、R4
各自獨立選自:-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、環烷基,且該等殘基也能形成較大縮合環; 其中該經列舉之烷基基團、環烷基可經下列取代: -(C1
-C12
)-烷基、-O-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、鹵素。 在該方法之一變化型中,R2
、R3
各自獨立表示:-(C3
-C14
)-雜芳基, 其中該經列舉之雜芳基基團可經如下者取代: -(C1
-C12
)-烷基、-O-(C1
-C12
)-烷基、鹵素。 在該方法之一變化型中,通式(I
)之化合物具有結構(2
):。 在該方法之一變化型中,通式(I
)之化合物具有結構(3
):。 除了所述之方法之外,本發明也主張化合物本身的權利。 該化合物為具有結構(3
)之化合物:。
本發明將藉由以下的實施例而更詳細說明。 A) 利用HCOOH之經Pd催化之四甲基乙烯1a
的甲氧羰基化反應:MeOH與HCOOH之比率的影響添加[Pd(OAc)2
] (1.12 mg, 0.25 mol%)、(2
)(8.72 mg, 1.0 mol%)、對-甲苯磺酸(PTSA·H2
O)(15.2 mg, 4 mol%)和經烘乾之攪拌棒至經密封之35 ml管內。將管與蓋子一同置於具有大開口之長的Schlenk管。Schlenk管經抽空且再填充氬重複三次。在氬氣環境下,使用注射器將1a
(2 mmol)、MeOH (X ml)和HCOOH(Y ml) (X ml + Y ml = 2 ml)注入至35 ml管中。然後用蓋子將35 ml管密封。反應在100℃下進行超過13小時。在反應結束後,在無額外冷卻且小心洩壓下,令反應管到達室溫。然後,注射異辛烷(100 μl)作為內部標準。轉化率藉由GC分析測量。 結果摘述於如下表1:B) 利用HCOOH之經Pd催化之四甲基乙烯1a
的甲氧羰基化反應:配位基之影響在氬氣環境下,添加[Pd(OAc)2
](1.12 mg, 0.25 mol%)、配位基(1 mol%)、對-甲苯磺酸(PTSA·H2
O)(15.2 mg, 4 mol%)和經烘乾之攪拌棒至經密封之35 ml管。將管與蓋子一同置於具有大開口之長的Schlenk管。Schlenk管經抽空且再填充氬重複三次。使用注射器將1a
(2 mmol)、HCOOH (0.5 ml)和MeOH (1.5 ml)注入至35 ml管中。然後用蓋子密封35 ml管。反應在100℃下進行超過13小時。在反應結束後,在無額外冷卻(若使用極冷之水,則管可能爆裂)且小心洩壓下,令反應管到達室溫。然後,注射異辛烷(100 μl)作為內部標準。轉化率藉由GC分析測量。 結果摘述於如下表2:如上述實驗所顯示,本發明之目的係藉由根據本發明之方法達成。
Claims (15)
- 一種使用甲酸作為CO源之甲氧羰基化反應的方法,其包含下列方法步驟:a)添加烯烴;b)添加包含Pd之化合物,其中該Pd能形成錯合物;c)添加通式(I)之化合物:其中R1、R2、R3、R4各自獨立選自:-H、-(C1-C12)-烷基、-O-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C4-C14)-芳基、-O-(C4-C14)-芳基、環烷基、-(C1-C12)-雜烷基、-O-(C1-C12)-雜烷基、-(C3-C14)-雜芳基、-O-(C3-C14)-雜芳基、-COO-烷基、-COO-芳基、-C-O-烷基、-C-O-芳基、NH2、鹵素,且該等殘基也能形成較大縮合環;其中該經列舉之烷基基團、芳基基團、環烷基、雜烷基基團、雜芳基基團可經下列取代:-(C1-C12)-烷基、-O-(C1-C12)-烷基、鹵素;且該等基團R1、R2、R3、R4中之至少一者不表示苯基;d)添加MeOH和HCOOH,其中基於所用之體積,該MeOH/HCOOH比率是在1.55:0.45至1.1:0.9之範圍中;e)加熱該反應混合物以轉變該烯烴成甲酯。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中不供應CO氣體至該反應混合物。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之方法,其中HCOOH用作為該反應之唯一CO源。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中在方法步驟b)中之化合物係選自:Pd(acac)2、PdCl2、Pd(dba)3*CH3Cl(dba=二亞苄基丙酮)、Pd(OAc)2、Pd(TFA)2、Pd(CH3CN)Cl2。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該方法包含額外方法步驟f):f)添加酸。
- 如申請專利範圍第5項之方法,其中該酸係選自:H2SO4、CH3SO3H、CF3SO3H、PTSA。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中基於所用之體積,該MeOH/HCOOH比率是在1.5:0.5至1.2:0.8之範圍中。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中R1、R2、R3、R4各自獨立選自:-(C1-C12)-烷基、-O-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C4-C14)-芳基、-O-(C4-C14)-芳基、環烷基、-(C1-C12)-雜烷基、-O-(C1-C12)-雜烷基、-(C3-C14)-雜芳基、-O-(C3-C14)-雜芳基、-COO-烷基、-COO-芳基、-C-O-烷基、-C-O-芳基、NH2、鹵素,且該等殘基也能形成較大縮合環;其中該經列舉之烷基基團、芳基基團、環烷基、雜烷基基團、雜芳基基團可經下列取代:-(C1-C12)-烷基、-O-(C1-C12)-烷基、鹵素;且該等基團R1、R2、R3、R4中之至少一者不表示苯基。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中R1、R2、R3、R4各自獨立選自:-(C1-C12)-烷基、-(C4-C14)-芳基、環烷基、-(C1-C12)-雜烷基、-(C3-C14)-雜芳基、鹵素,且該等殘基也能形成較大縮合環;其中該經列舉之烷基基團、芳基基團、環烷基、雜烷基基團、雜芳基基團可經下列取代:-(C1-C12)-烷基、-O-(C1-C12)-烷基、鹵素;且該等基團R1、R2、R3、R4中之至少一者不表示苯基。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中R1、R2、R3、R4各自獨立選自:-(C1-C12)-烷基、環烷基、-(C3-C14)-雜芳基,且該等殘基也能形成較大縮合環;其中該經列舉之烷基基團、環烷基、雜芳基基團可經下列取代:-(C1-C12)-烷基、-O-(C1-C12)-烷基、鹵素;且該等基團R1、R2、R3、R4中之至少一者不表示苯基。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中R1、R4各自獨立選自:-(C1-C12)-烷基、環烷基,且該等殘基也能形成較大縮合環;其中該經列舉之烷基基團、環烷基可經下列取代:-(C1-C12)-烷基、-O-(C1-C12)-烷基、鹵素。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中R2、R3各自獨立表示:-(C3-C14)-雜芳基,其中該經列舉之雜芳基基團可經下列取代:-(C1-C12)-烷基、-O-(C1-C12)-烷基、鹵素。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中通式(I)之化合物具有結構(2):
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中通式(I)之化合物具有結構(3):
- 一種具有結構(3)之化合物,
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