TWI674372B - Piston pump - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a plunger pump configured in such a manner that maintenance can be easily performed. The plunger pump includes a sleeve unit including a sleeve that reciprocally supports the plunger, a cylinder unit including a fluid flow path connected to the sleeve and allowing a fluid to flow therethrough, and a holding mechanism that allows the cylinder unit to be movable. It is movably held between a first position in contact with the sleeve unit and a second position separated from the sleeve unit.

Description

Plunger pump

The invention relates to a plunger pump.

The plunger pump mechanism described in Patent Document 1 includes a plunger provided on one end side of a piston and a cylinder configured to be fitted into the plunger. A suction compression chamber capable of sucking or compressing the fluid L to be processed is formed in a space on the front end side of the plunger in the cylinder. When the electric motor is driven, the plunger is reciprocated in the cylinder. The plunger moves toward the crankshaft side in the cylinder, whereby the processed fluid is sucked into the suction compression chamber. Next, the plunger moves in the cylinder toward the side away from the crankshaft side, whereby the pressurized to-be-processed fluid flows from the suction compression chamber into the homogeneous disc mechanism. (Prior Art Document) (Patent Document) Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-299877

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The plunger pump mechanism needs to periodically replace the sealing member between the plunger and the cylinder. In addition, depending on the type of the fluid to be treated, it is necessary to periodically clean the part in contact with the fluid to be treated. When performing the aforementioned maintenance, it is necessary to disassemble the plunger pump mechanism to expose the plunger, the sealing member, and the like. The plunger pump mechanism sends the fluid to be treated at a high pressure of about 1 MPa to 150 MPa. Therefore, the plunger, the cylinder block, and the components sucked into the compression chamber that form contact with the fluid to be processed are formed very strongly. Therefore, the aforementioned components are very heavy. As a result, maintenance of the plunger pump mechanism is a labor-intensive operation that requires disassembly and loading / unloading of heavy components. The present invention was made in view of the related circumstances, and its object is to provide a plunger pump which can be easily maintained. (Means to Solve the Problem) (1) The plunger pump includes a sleeve unit including a sleeve that supports the plunger reciprocally, and a cylinder unit having a fluid flow path connected to the sleeve and allowing fluid to circulate. And a holding mechanism that movably holds the cylinder unit between a first position in contact with the sleeve unit and a second position separated from the sleeve unit. According to the above configuration, the holding mechanism holds the cylinder unit movably between the first position and the second position. Therefore, the maintenance user does not need to support the heavy cylinder unit when the cylinder unit is moved between the first position and the second position, or when the cylinder unit is moved to the second position for maintenance. As a result, maintenance of the plunger pump can be easily performed. (2) The holding mechanism holds the cylinder unit in a state capable of rotating and moving about a vertical axis. According to the above configuration, the holding mechanism holds the cylinder unit in a state capable of rotating and moving about the vertical axis. Therefore, when the cylinder unit is moved between the first position and the second position, the cylinder unit rotates around the vertical axis. Along with this, the attitude change of the cylinder unit with respect to the sleeve unit is relatively large. As a result, maintenance of the plunger pump can be easily performed. (3) The holding mechanism includes a shaft member and a holding member having a first hole into which the shaft member is inserted. The holding member is provided in one of the cylinder unit and the sleeve unit, and the shaft member is inserted in: the first Hole, the second hole provided in the other of the cylinder unit and the sleeve unit. According to the above configuration, the shaft member is inserted into the first hole and the second hole of the holding member. Therefore, the cylinder unit can be rotated and moved around the shaft member. As a result, the holding mechanism can be realized with a simple structure. (4) The holding mechanism includes a shaft sleeve and a washer, the shaft sleeve is inserted into the second hole and the shaft member is inserted, and the washer is disposed on the other of the cylinder unit and the sleeve unit and the holding member. The shaft member is interposed therebetween. According to the above structure, a shaft member is inserted into the shaft sleeve, and a washer is disposed between the other of the cylinder unit and the sleeve unit and the holding member. Therefore, a bushing and a washer are arranged at a portion where the cylinder unit slides when the cylinder unit moves. As a result, shaking or tilting caused by the weight of the cylinder unit is suppressed, and the movement of the cylinder unit becomes smooth. In addition, friction between the cylinder unit or the sleeve unit, the shaft member, and the holding member is reduced. As a result, maintenance of the plunger pump becomes easier. (5) In the operation of the plunger pump, the front end of the plunger does not enter the inside of the cylinder unit, but reciprocates inside the sleeve. According to the above structure, the front end of the plunger does not enter the inside of the cylinder unit. Therefore, when the cylinder unit is moved from the first position to the second position, the tip of the plunger does not contact the cylinder unit. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of scratches in the movement of the cylinder unit caused by the contact between the plunger and the cylinder unit or scratches caused by the contact of the plunger and the cylinder unit. (6) The sleeve unit includes a first member, and the first member comes into contact with the cylinder unit at the first position from below to align the cylinder unit with the sleeve unit. According to the above-mentioned configuration, the first member comes into contact with the cylinder unit from below to align the cylinder unit and the sleeve unit. Therefore, even when the heavy cylinder unit is displaced downward, the cylinder unit and the sleeve unit can be aligned. As a result, it becomes easier to move the cylinder unit to the first position. (7) The first member includes a first roller, and the first roller is rotatably supported by the first member and abuts against the cylinder unit located at the first position from below. According to the above configuration, the first roller abuts on the cylinder unit located at the first position from below. Therefore, when the cylinder unit moves, the first roller rotates. As a result, the cylinder unit can be easily moved when the cylinder unit comes into contact with the first member. (8) The cylinder unit includes a second member, and when the second member is located at the first position, the cylinder unit comes into contact with the sleeve unit from above to align the cylinder unit with the sleeve unit. According to the above configuration, the second member comes into contact with the sleeve unit from above and aligns the cylinder unit with the sleeve unit. Therefore, even when the heavy cylinder unit is displaced downward, the cylinder unit and the sleeve unit can be aligned. As a result, it becomes easier to move the cylinder unit to the first position. (9) The second member includes a second roller, and the second roller is rotatably supported by the second member and abuts against the sleeve unit from above when the cylinder unit is located at the first position. According to the above configuration, when the cylinder unit is located at the first position, the second roller abuts against the sleeve unit from above. Therefore, when the cylinder unit moves, the second roller rotates. As a result, the cylinder unit can be easily moved when the sleeve unit comes into contact with the second roller. (10) The sleeve can be detached from the sleeve unit. According to the above configuration, the sleeve can be attached to and detached from the sleeve unit. As a result, maintenance of the plunger pump becomes easier. (11) The sleeve includes a third hole through which the plunger is inserted, an O-ring disposed around the third hole in a contact surface with the cylinder unit, and an inner diameter ratio of the O-ring The diameter of the fluid flow path at the abutting surface of the cylinder unit with the sleeve unit is large. According to the above structure, the inner diameter of the O-ring is larger than the diameter of the fluid flow path. Therefore, when the cylinder unit is located at the first position, even if the position of the cylinder unit relative to the sleeve unit is deviated from the design position, it is difficult for the fluid flow path to squeeze out from the O-ring and the fluid leaks. (Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a plunger pump which can be easily maintained.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings as appropriate. In addition, this embodiment is only one aspect of the present invention, and it is needless to say that the embodiment can be changed within a range not changing the gist of the present invention. [Outline Structure] In this embodiment, the homogenizer 100 shown in FIG. 1 will be described. The homogenizer 100 includes a plunger pump 200 and a homogenizing mechanism 300. Define the up-down direction 7 based on the use posture of the homogenizer 100 that can be used in a horizontal plane as a reference. The surface on which the homogenizing mechanism 300 of the homogenizer 100 is located is defined as the front side, and the front-back direction 8 is defined. The homogenizer 100 is viewed from the front to define the left-right direction 9. In the use posture of this embodiment, the up-down direction 7 corresponds to the vertical direction, and the front-back direction 8 and the left-right direction 9 correspond to the horizontal direction. The front-back direction 8 and the left-right direction 9 are orthogonal. The radon homogenizer 100 is a device that receives a fluid from an inlet 100a, performs a homogenization process on the fluid, and sends the fluid from an outlet 100b. Krypton plunger pump 200 is a device that sucks and compresses fluid and sends it to homogenizing mechanism 300 in a high pressure state. The plunger pump 200 includes an electric motor 1, a crankshaft 2, a connecting rod 3, a piston 4, a plunger 10, a sleeve 21, and a fluid flow path 32. The electric motor 1 rotationally drives the crankshaft 2. A plunger 10 is connected to the crankshaft 2 via a connecting rod 3. The radon homogenizing mechanism 300 is configured to have a homogenizing treatment path. The homogenization treatment path is a very narrow fluid flow path. For example, a plurality of discs are arranged to face each other, and the gap between the discs is adjusted to a very narrow interval (for example, about tens of μm to hundreds of μm), and a homogenization processing path is formed between the aforementioned discs Clearance. The fluid sent from the plunger pump 200 in a high-pressure state passes through the homogenizing treatment path. At this time, the shear force acts on the fluid, and collision or pitting of the disc occurs. As a result, the fluid is homogenized. (1) The structure of the plunger pump 200 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7. The plunger pump 200 includes a sleeve unit 20, a cylinder unit 30, and a holding mechanism 40. [Sleeve Unit 20] As shown in FIG. 1, the sleeve unit 20 is a box-shaped member extending in the left-right direction 9. The sleeve unit 20 is disposed in front of the plunger pump 200. The sleeve unit 20 includes a sleeve 21 and a first member 24. In the present embodiment, the sleeve unit 20 includes three sleeves 21. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the sleeve 21 is a cylinder with both ends opened. The sleeve 21 is supported by the sleeve unit 20 with the central axis aligned with the front-rear direction 8. The sleeve 21 can be attached to and detached from the sleeve unit 20. The cymbal sleeve 21 supports the plunger 10 in a state capable of reciprocating in the front-rear direction 8. The plunger 10 is inserted through a hole 21 a in the center of the sleeve 21. The hole 21a is an example of a third hole. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the sleeve 21 includes an annular groove 21 c on the front surface 21 b. The center of the groove 21c coincides with the central axis of the hole 21a. The inner diameter of the groove 21c is larger than the diameter of the hole 21a. An O-ring 22 is inserted into the groove 21c. The O-ring 22 is arranged around the hole 21a. The front surface 21b is an example of the abutment surface. As shown in FIG. 4, the sleeve 21 is composed of a front cylinder 21d and a rear cylinder 21e. A sealing member 23 is disposed between the front cylinder 21d and the rear cylinder 21e. The sealing member 23 is in contact with the rear inner peripheral surface 21 f of the front tube 21 d of the sleeve 21. The seal member 23 suppresses leakage of fluid from between the plunger 10 and the sleeve 21. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the first member 24 is a rectangular columnar member having a rectangular cross section perpendicular to the front-rear direction 8. The first member 24 is attached to a right end portion of the lower surface of the sleeve unit 20. The first member 24 is fixed to the sleeve unit 20 in a state that it protrudes forward from the front surface of the sleeve unit 20 and the front surface 21 b of the sleeve 21. The first roller 25 is rotatably supported by the first member 24 in a posture in which the rotation axis 25 a coincides with the left-right direction 9. The first roller 25 is located at the center in the left-right direction of the first member 24. As shown in FIG. 6, the first roller 25 projects forward from the front surface 24 a of the first member 24. The first roller 25 projects upward from the upper surface 24 b of the first member 24. The first roller 25 projects forward and upward from the surface 24c. The surface 24c is a surface connecting the front surface 24a and the upper surface. The distance between the front surface 24 a, the upper surface 24 b, and the surface 24 c and the rotation axis 25 a of the first roller 25 is smaller than the radius of the first roller 25. [Cylinder Unit 30] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cylinder unit 30 is disposed in front of the sleeve unit 20. The cylinder unit 30 is supported by the holding mechanism 40. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the cylinder unit 30 includes a main member 30 a, an upper member 30 b disposed above the main member 30 a, and a pipe member 30 c disposed below the main member 30 a. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, an inlet flow path 31 is formed in the pipe member 30 c. A fluid flow path 32 is formed in the main member 30a. An outlet flow path 33 is formed in the upper member 30b. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the inlet flow path 31 is a flow path that communicates with the inlet 100 a at the upstream end and communicates with the fluid flow path 32 at the downstream end. In this embodiment, the inlet flow path 31 is branched into three and communicates with the three fluid flow paths 32. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the fluid flow path 32 is a flow path that communicates with the inlet flow path 31 at the upstream end and communicates with the outlet flow path 33 at the downstream end. In this embodiment, three fluid flow paths 32 are formed in the main member 30a. The fluid flow path 32 is provided with a flow path 34 communicating with the outside of the main member 30a on the rear surface 30d of the main member 30a. In a state where the rear surface 30d of the main member 30a of the cylinder unit 30 is in contact with the front surface 21b of the sleeve 21 of the sleeve unit 20 (FIGS. 2 to 4), the internal space of the flow path 34 and the hole 21a of the sleeve 21 Connected. The opening 34a of the flow path 34 in the rear surface 30d of the main member 30a is circular. The diameter R2 of the cymbal opening 34 a is equal to the diameter R3 of the hole 21 a of the sleeve 21. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, the inner diameter R1 of the O-ring 22 is larger than the diameter R3 of the hole 21a. Therefore, the inner diameter R1 of the O-ring 22 is larger than the diameter R2 of the opening 34 a of the flow path 34. The diameter R2 is the diameter of the fluid flow path 32 in the cylinder unit 30 that is the rear surface 30d of the abutment surface with the sleeve unit 20. The rear 30d is an example of the abutment surface. A suction valve 35 and a delivery valve 36 are arranged in the tritium fluid flow path 32. The suction valve 35 is urged downward in the up-down direction 7 by a spring 35a. The send-out valve 36 is biased downward in the up-down direction 7 by a spring 36a. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the outlet flow path 33 is a flow path that communicates with the fluid flow path 32 at the upstream end and communicates with the outlet 100 b through the homogenizing mechanism 300 at the downstream end. The main member 30 a includes a hole 37 penetrating the main member 30 a in the up-down direction 7. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the holes 37 are provided at the left and rear end portions of the main member 30 a. A shaft member 42 described later is inserted into the hole 37. The hole 37 is an example of the first hole. As shown in FIG. 6, the lower surface of the main member 30 a includes a surface 30 e and a surface 30 f connected to the rear end of the surface 30 e. The normal of the surface 30e faces downward in the up-down direction 7. The normal of the surface 30f faces obliquely downward and rearward. The rear end of the surface 30f is located above the surface 30e above the vertical direction 7. [Holding Mechanism 40] The holding mechanism 40 is composed of a holding member 41 and a shaft member 42.保持 As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the holding member 41 is a plate-shaped member having a protruding portion 41 a and a hole 41 b. The hole 41 b is a hole penetrating the holding member 41 in the vertical direction 7. The holding member 41 is attached to the left and front end portions of the sleeve unit 20 such that the protruding portion 41 a protrudes forward and left of the sleeve unit 20 in a plan view. The holding member 41 is attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the sleeve unit 20. As shown in FIG. 3, the shaft member 42 is inserted into the hole 41b of the upper holding member 41, the hole 37 of the main member 30a of the cylinder unit 30, and the lower holding member 41 in a posture in which the central axis 42a coincides with the vertical direction 7. Hole 41b. As shown in FIG. 3, a bushing (bearing) 43 is inserted into the upper and lower ends of the hole 37 of the main member 30 a. A shaft member 42 is inserted into the shaft sleeve 43. The main member 30 a of the cylinder unit 30 is rotatable about the shaft member 42. As shown in FIG. 3, a washer 44 is disposed between the main member 30 a of the cylinder unit 30 and the lower holding member 41. A shaft member 42 is inserted into the washer 44. [Operation of the plunger pump 200] Next, the operation of the plunger pump 200 will be described. In the plunger pump 200, when the electric motor 1 is operated, the crankshaft 2 is rotated, and the plunger 10 is reciprocated in the front-rear direction 8. As shown in FIG. 2, in the present embodiment, the plunger pump 200 includes three plungers 10. The three plungers 10 move in the back and forth directions 8 inside the sleeve 21 at mutually different phases. The plunger pump 200 is configured so that the front end 10 a of the plunger 10 does not enter the cylinder unit 30 during the operation of the plunger pump 200 and reciprocates inside the sleeve 21. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the front end 10a of the plunger 10 is moved to the forefront (center plunger 10 in the left-right direction 9), a state in which the front end 10a is moved to the rearmost position (right plunger 10), and an intermediate state (Left plunger 10). (4) The movement of the plunger 10 and the flow of the fluid in the fluid flow path 32 will be described with reference to FIG. 4. When the plunger 10 is moved backward from the position shown in FIG. 4, the fluid pressure inside the fluid flow path 32 decreases. The suction valve 35 moves upward against the urging force of the spring 35a. The fluid flows into the fluid flow path 32 from the inlet flow path 31. When the plunger 10 moves forward, the pressure of the fluid inside the fluid flow path 32 rises. The sending-out valve 36 moves upward against the urging force of the spring 36a. The fluid flows out from the fluid flow path 32 to the outlet flow path 33. As described above, the fluid flowing from the inlet 100 a flows through the inlet flow path 31, the fluid flow path 32, and the outlet flow path 33 and is sent to the homogenizing mechanism 300. [Movement of the Cylinder Unit 30] Next, the movement of the cylinder unit 30 between the first position and the second position will be described. (2) The position of the cylinder unit 30 when the cylinder unit 30 and the sleeve unit 20 are in contact with each other as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 and 6 is referred to as a first position. In the first position, the hole 21 a of the sleeve 21 of the sleeve unit 20 is connected to the flow path 34 of the fluid flow path 32 of the cylinder unit 30. When the cylinder unit 30 is located at the first position, the plunger pump 200 can be operated. In the states shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 and 6, the cylinder unit 30 is fixed to the sleeve unit 20 by bolts 46. When the bolt 46 is removed, the cylinder unit 30 is supported by the holding mechanism 40. When the user moves the cylinder unit 30 forward in the right direction, the cylinder unit 30 rotates around the shaft member 42 and leaves the sleeve unit 20.的 The position of the cylinder unit 30 when the cylinder unit 30 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is separated from the sleeve unit 20 is referred to as a second position. The holding mechanism 40 holds the cylinder unit 30 between a first position that is in contact with the sleeve unit 20 and a second position that is away from the sleeve unit 20 so as to be rotatable about the central axis 42 a of the shaft member 42. In addition, FIG. 7 exemplifies a state where the cylinder unit 30 is located at a position that is rotated and moved about 30 degrees from the position (first position) shown in FIG. 2. The angle between the rear face 30 d of the cylinder unit 30 and the front face of the sleeve unit 20 (the front face 21 b of the sleeve 21) is 30 degrees. The angle (rotation angle) is not limited to 30 degrees, and may be an appropriately different value. For example, a position where the cylinder unit 30 is rotated by about 90 degrees from the position (first position) shown in FIG. 2 or a position where it is rotated by more than 90 degrees may be referred to as a second position. At this time, the cylinder unit 30 is not in front of the sleeve unit 20, and therefore it is easier for a user to access the front surface 21b of the sleeve 21 and detach the sleeve 21. In the present embodiment, when the cylinder unit 30 is located at the second position, the left end of the cylinder unit 30 is supported by the holding mechanism 40. As shown in FIG. 8, when the weight of the cylinder unit 30 is large, the right end of the cylinder unit 30 when it is located at the second position may be lower than when it is located at the first position.使用者 If the user moves the cylinder unit 30 in the right direction and rearward at the position shown in FIG. 8, the cylinder unit 30 rotates around the shaft member 42 and approaches the sleeve unit 20. First, the first roller 25 of the first member 24 is in contact with the rear end of the surface 30f of the main member 30a of the cylinder unit 30. When the cylinder unit 30 approaches the sleeve unit 20 further, the cylinder unit 30 moves diagonally rearward and upward while contacting the first roller 25. In other words, the cylinder unit 30 moves backward while riding the first roller 25 of the first member 24 and being pushed upward. The first roller 25 rotates while contacting the surface 30f. When the cylinder unit 30 reaches the first position shown in FIG. 6 and comes into contact with the sleeve unit 20, the cylinder unit 30 is positioned at an appropriate position relative to the sleeve unit 20 in the vertical direction 7. The first roller 25 of the first member 24 is in contact with the surface 30 e of the main member 30 a of the cylinder unit 30. The first member 24 and the first roller 25 contact the cylinder unit 30 at the first position from below in the up-down direction 7 and align the cylinder unit 30 with the sleeve unit 20. When the cylinder unit 30 is in the second position, the sleeve unit 20 is exposed from the front. The user can access the front surface 21 b of the sleeve 21 from the front of the plunger pump 200 to clean or replace the O-ring 22. The user can move the sleeve 21 forward, remove the sleeve 21 from the sleeve unit 20, and clean or replace the sealing member 23. [Modification 1] In the above embodiment, an example in which the sleeve unit 20 includes the first member 24 has been described. In this modification, an example in which the cylinder unit 30 includes the second member 38 will be described. In the following description of the modification example, the same reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those in the embodiment, and the description is omitted. As shown in FIG. 9, the cylinder unit 30 includes a second member 38 in addition to the main member 30 a, the upper member 30 b, and the pipe member 30C. The second member 38 is a rectangular columnar member having a rectangular cross section perpendicular to the front-rear direction 8. The second member 38 is attached to a right end portion of the upper surface of the main member 30 a of the block unit 30. The second member 38 is fixed to the cylinder unit 30 in a state protruding rearward from the rear surface 30 d of the main member 30 a of the cylinder unit 30. The second roller 39 is rotatably supported by the second member 38 in a posture in which the rotation axis 39 a coincides with the left-right direction 9. The second roller 39 is located at the center in the left-right direction of the second member 38. As shown in FIG. 9, the second roller 39 projects rearward from the rear surface 38 a of the second member 38. The second roller 39 projects downward from the lower surface 38 b of the second member 38. The second roller 39 projects rearward and downward from the surface 38c. The surface 38c is a surface connecting the rear surface 38a and the lower surface 38b. The distance between the rear surface 38a, the lower surface 38b, and the surface 38c and the rotation axis 39a of the second roller 39 is smaller than the radius of the second roller 39. As shown in FIG. 9, the upper surface of the sleeve unit 20 includes a surface 20 a and a surface 20 b connected to the front end of the surface 20 a. The normal of the surface 20 a faces upward in the vertical direction 7. The normal of the surface 20b faces diagonally upward and forward. The front end of the surface 20b is located below the surface 20a in the vertical direction 7.位置 The position of the cylinder unit 30 when the cylinder unit 30 and the sleeve unit 20 are in contact as shown in FIG. 9 is referred to as a first position. The position of the cylinder unit 30 when the cylinder unit 30 shown in FIG. 10 is separated from the sleeve unit 20 is referred to as a second position.使用者 If the user moves the cylinder unit 30 in the right direction and rearward at the position shown in FIG. 10, the cylinder unit 30 rotates around the shaft member 42 to approach the sleeve unit 20. First, the first roller 25 of the first member 24 is in contact with the rear end of the surface 30f of the main member 30a of the cylinder unit 30. The second roller 39 of the second member 38 is in contact with the tip of the surface 20 b of the sleeve unit 20. When the cylinder unit 30 approaches the sleeve unit 20 further, the cylinder unit 30 moves obliquely rearward and upward while making contact with the first roller 25 and the second roller 39. In other words, the cylinder unit 30 moves backward while riding the first roller 25 of the first member 24 and being pushed upward. When the second roller 39 of the second member 38 rides on the sleeve unit 20, the cylinder unit 30 moves backward while being pushed upward. The first roller 25 rotates while contacting the surface 30f. The second roller 39 rotates while contacting the surface 20b. When the cylinder unit 30 reaches the first position shown in FIG. 9 and comes into contact with the sleeve unit 20, the cylinder unit 30 is positioned at an appropriate position relative to the sleeve unit 20 in the vertical direction 7. The first roller 25 of the first member 24 is in contact with the surface 30 e of the main member 30 a of the cylinder unit 30. The first member 24 and the first roller 25 come into contact with the cylinder unit 30 at the first position from below in the up-down direction 7 and align the cylinder unit 30 with the sleeve unit 20. The second roller 39 of the second member 38 is in contact with the surface 20 a of the sleeve unit 20. When the cylinder unit 30 is located at the first position, the second member 38 and the second roller 39 abut against the sleeve unit 20 from above in the up-down direction 7 to align the cylinder unit 30 with the sleeve unit 20. [Modification 2] In the above embodiment, an example of the plunger pump 200 having the sleeve unit 20 including the first member 24 has been described. In the above-described modification, an example has been described in which the sleeve unit 20 includes the first member 24 and the cylinder unit 30 includes the second member 38. The plunger pump 200 in which the sleeve unit 20 is not provided with the first member 24 and the cylinder unit 30 is provided with the second member 38 is also possible. [Modification 3] In the above embodiment, an example in which the first member 24 includes the first roller 25 has been described. The form in which the first member 24 does not include the first roller 25 may be adopted. In this form, the upper surface of the first member 24 is in contact with the surface 30f of the main member 30a of the cylinder unit 30. It is preferable that the upper surface of the first member 24 has an inclined surface whose normal line faces obliquely upward and forward. It is preferable to chamfer C or R of the front and upper edges of the first member 24. The second member 38 may not have the second roller 39. [Modification 4] In the above embodiment, an example in which the holding member 41 is attached to the sleeve unit 20 and the shaft member 42 is inserted into the hole 37 provided in the cylinder unit 30 has been described. The holding member 41 may be mounted on the cylinder unit 30 and the shaft member 42 may be inserted into a hole provided in the sleeve unit 20. The hole provided in the sleeve unit 20 is an example of a second hole. [Other Modifications] In the above embodiment, an example has been described in which the holding mechanism 40 holds the cylinder unit 30 in a state capable of rotating and moving about the shaft member 42. The holding mechanism 40 may be configured to hold the cylinder unit 30 in a state capable of translational movement with respect to the sleeve unit 20. For example, the sleeve unit 20 is provided with a guide rail extending in the front-rear direction 8. The cylinder unit 30 is placed on the guide rail in a state capable of moving in the front-rear direction 8. A translation mechanism such as a sliding shaft can be used instead of the guide rail. A guide rail, a slide shaft, and the like constitute a holding mechanism 40. In addition, the holding mechanism 40 may be configured to hold the cylinder unit 30 movably in the vertical direction 7. In the above embodiment, an example in which the plunger pump 200 is used for the homogenizer 100 has been described. The homogenizer 100 is used for miniaturizing or dispersing particles in a fluid in addition to emulsification of a fluid. Fluids that are processed by the homogenizer 100 include foods such as milk, seasonings, and cheese, and non-food products such as dyes, spices, waxes, and greases. In addition to the homogenizer 100, the plunger pump 200 is also used for machines that require high-pressure liquid feeding. For example, the plunger pump 200 is used in a spray dryer for spray-drying broth, tea leaves, and the like to produce powder. For example, the plunger pump 200 is used to feed liquid to a cooling kneader. The cooling kneader is a device that kneads a liquid in which an aqueous liquid is dispersed in a fat-based raw material liquid to produce margarine or the like. About these liquids, when cooling, viscosity will become high, and the pressure loss in a pipe etc. will become extremely high. Therefore, it is necessary to perform liquid feeding at high pressure. In these cases, the plunger pump 200 is preferably used. In the above embodiment, an example has been described in which the diameter R2 of the opening 34a of the flow path 34 is equal to the diameter R3 of the hole 21a of the sleeve 21. However, R2 and R3 do not have to be equal, and R2 can be larger than R3. In the above-mentioned embodiment, the example in which the inner diameter R1 of the O-ring 22 is larger than the diameter R2 of the opening 34a of the flow path 34 in the cylinder unit 30 has been described. However, the inner diameter R1 does not have to be larger than the diameter R2, and the inner diameter R1 may be equal to or smaller than the diameter R2. However, when the inner diameter R1 is larger than the diameter R2, in the first position, even if the position of the cylinder unit 30 deviates from the designed position, the fluid flow path 32 can be made difficult to squeeze out from the O-ring 22 and Leakage of fluid is unlikely to occur. In addition, in the said embodiment, the example provided with the bushing 43 or the washer 44 was demonstrated. However, the shaft sleeve 43 and the washer 44 need not necessarily be provided. However, when the bushing 43 and the washer 44 are provided, effects such as smooth movement of the cylinder unit 30 and reducing abrasion of the shaft member and the holding member can be obtained.

10‧‧‧ plunger

20‧‧‧ sleeve unit

21‧‧‧ sleeve

24‧‧‧The first component

25‧‧‧The first roller

30‧‧‧cylinder unit

32‧‧‧ fluid flow path

34‧‧‧flow

38‧‧‧The second component

39‧‧‧ 2nd roller

40‧‧‧ holding agency

41‧‧‧ holding member

42‧‧‧ Shaft member

100‧‧‧ Homogenizer

200‧‧‧ plunger pump

300‧‧‧ Homogenizer

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a structure of the homogenizer 100. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the sleeve unit 20 and the cylinder unit 30. FIG. 3 is a front view of the sleeve unit 20 and the cylinder unit 30. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is a front view of the sleeve 21. FIG. 6 is a side view of the sleeve unit 20 and the cylinder unit 30. FIG. 7 is a plan view of the sleeve unit 20 and the cylinder unit 30 when the cylinder unit 30 is in the second position. FIG. 8 is a side view of the sleeve unit 20 and the cylinder unit 30 when the cylinder unit 30 is in the second position. FIG. 9 is a side view of the sleeve unit 20 and the cylinder unit 30 according to a modification. FIG. 10 is a side view of the sleeve unit 20 and the cylinder unit 30 according to the fifth modification when the cylinder unit 30 is located at the second position.

Claims (11)

A plunger pump includes: a sleeve unit having a sleeve that reciprocally supports a plunger; a cylinder block unit having a fluid flow path connected to the sleeve and allowing fluid to flow therethrough; and a holding mechanism that connects the cylinder The body unit is movably held between a first position in contact with the sleeve unit and a second position separated from the sleeve unit. The plunger pump according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein: the holding mechanism holds the cylinder unit in a state capable of rotating and moving about a vertical axis. The plunger pump according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the holding mechanism includes a shaft member and a holding member having a first hole inserted into the shaft member, and the holding member is provided in the cylinder unit and the sleeve unit. In one of these, the shaft member is inserted into the second hole provided in the other of the first hole, the cylinder unit, and the sleeve unit. The plunger pump according to item 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein: the holding mechanism has a sleeve and a washer, the sleeve is inserted into the second hole and the shaft member is inserted, and the washer is disposed in the cylinder unit The shaft member is inserted between the other of the sleeve unit and the holding member, and is inserted through the shaft member. The plunger pump according to any one of claims 1 to 4, in which: 申请 During the operation of the plunger pump, the front end of the plunger does not enter the inside of the cylinder unit, but is in the sleeve. The inside of the barrel is reciprocated. The plunger pump according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the sleeve unit includes a first member, and the first member abuts from the cylinder unit at the first position from below. The cylinder unit and the sleeve unit are aligned. The plunger pump according to item 6 of the scope of patent application, wherein: the first member is provided with a first roller, and the first roller is rotatably supported by the first member from below and at the first position. The aforesaid cylinder unit abuts. The plunger pump according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the cylinder unit includes a second member, and the second member abuts against the sleeve unit from above when the cylinder unit is located at the first position. Then, the cylinder unit and the sleeve unit are aligned. The plunger pump according to item 8 of the scope of patent application, wherein: the second member includes a second roller, the second roller is rotatably supported by the second member, and is located in the first unit in the cylinder unit. When in position, it comes into contact with the sleeve unit from above. The plunger pump according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the sleeve can be attached to and detached from the sleeve unit. The plunger pump according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the sleeve includes a third hole through which the plunger is inserted, and is arranged on a contact surface with the cylinder unit. In the O-ring around the third hole, the diameter of the O-ring is larger than the diameter of the fluid flow path at the abutting surface of the cylinder unit with the sleeve unit.