TWI669281B - Humidity control ceramic and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A humidity-conditioning ceramic may include incineration reaction ash, glass, palygorskite, and kaolin. The weight percentage of the incineration reaction ash may be 5-20% by weight. The weight percentage of glass can be 60 ~ 75wt%. The weight percentage of palygorskite can be 10-20% by weight. The weight percentage of kaolin can be 10-20 wt%.

Description

Humidity-controlling ceramic and manufacturing method thereof

The invention relates to a humidity-controlling ceramic, in particular to an environment-friendly humidity-controlling ceramic. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing the humidity-conditioning ceramic.

In order to reduce the volume of garbage, most of the municipal garbage needs to be incinerated; after the incineration, the volume of the garbage can be reduced to about 1/5 of the original. Therefore, incineration is the mainstream waste treatment method. However, the incineration fly ash generated after the incineration method still needs to be properly treated before it can be finally buried. For densely populated cities, the place that can be used as a landfill is not easy to find; therefore, how to deal with the incineration method The recycling of incinerated fly ash is an important issue.

The incineration fly ash produced by the air pollution control equipment of the municipal waste incineration plant can be divided into incineration boiler ash and incineration reaction ash; among them, the incineration reaction ash has extremely high heavy metal content and belongs to hazardous waste, so it is extremely difficult to recycle.

At present, several technologies for recycling incinerated fly ash have been proposed, such as the Republic of China Patent Application No. 104142783 and the Republic of China Patent Application No. 102149264. However, these existing technologies can only recycle the incineration boiler ash, and cannot effectively recycle the incineration reaction ash, so the incineration reaction ash cannot be properly processed.

Therefore, how to propose a technology that can effectively improve the current situation that incineration reaction ash cannot be effectively recycled has become an urgent issue.

An embodiment of the present invention is to provide a humidity-controlling ceramic and a manufacturing method thereof to solve the problem that the incineration reaction ash cannot be effectively recycled.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a humidity-controlling ceramic is proposed, which may include incineration reaction ash, glass, palygorskite, and kaolin. The weight percentage of the incineration reaction ash may be 5-20% by weight. The weight percentage of glass can be 60 ~ 75wt%. The weight percentage of palygorskite can be 10-20% by weight. The weight percentage of kaolin can be 10-20 wt%.

In one embodiment, the moisture absorption capacity of the humidity-controlling ceramic can be more than 72 g / m ² .

In one embodiment, the humidity release rate of the humidity-controlling ceramic can be more than 70%.

In one embodiment, the flexural strength of the humidity-controlling ceramic can be above 6.12 MPa.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a humidity-controlling ceramic is further provided, which may include the following steps: providing incineration reaction ash, glass, palygorskite, and kaolin, the weight percentage of the incineration reaction ash is 5-20 wt%, The weight percentage of glass is 60 ~ 75% by weight, the weight percentage of palygorskite is 10-20% by weight, and the weight percentage of kaolin is 10-20% by weight; the incineration reaction ash and palygorskite are mixed to produce a mixture; wet grinding is performed A mixture; mixing and pressing glass, kaolin, and the mixture into a green body; and; performing a sintering procedure to produce a humidity-conditioning ceramic.

In one embodiment, the step of mixing the incineration reaction ash with palygorskite to generate a mixture further includes the following steps: performing a water extraction pretreatment procedure to pre-process the incineration reaction ash.

In one embodiment, the step of mixing the incineration reaction ash and palygorskite to produce a mixture further comprises the following steps: mixing the incineration reaction ash and palygorskite which have undergone the water extraction pretreatment process in a ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 2 .

In one embodiment, the temperature of the sintering process may be 700 ° C to 1000 ° C.

In one embodiment, the heating rate of the sintering process may be 1 ° C to 30 ° C / min.

In one embodiment, the forming pressure of the pressed green embryo can be 1900-2100 psi.

In order to make the above features and characteristics of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

S11 ~ S15, S21 ~ S26‧‧‧step flow

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for manufacturing a humidity-controlling ceramic according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for manufacturing a humidity-controlling ceramic according to the present invention.

In the following, embodiments of the humidity-controlling ceramic and its manufacturing method according to the present invention will be described with reference to related drawings. For clarity and convenience of illustration, the components in the drawings may be exaggerated or reduced in size and proportion. To present. In the following description and / or patent application, when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may be present; and when an element is referred to When "directly connected" or "directly coupled" to another element, there are no intervening elements present, and other words used to describe the relationship between elements or layers should be interpreted the same way. In order to facilitate understanding, the same elements in the following embodiments are described with the same symbols.

Please refer to Table 1, which is a component composition table of the embodiment of the humidity-conditioning ceramic of the present invention, as follows:

As can be seen from Table 1, the humidity-controlling ceramics of this embodiment may include four components such as incineration reaction ash, glass (waste glass), palygorskite, and kaolin.

The weight percentage of the incineration reaction ash may be 5-20 wt%. The weight percentage of glass can be 60 ~ 75wt%. The weight percentage of palygorskite can be 10-20% by weight. Kaolin weight percentage It can be 10 ~ 20wt%.

In this embodiment, the humidity-controlling ceramic can use the special composition and ratio of four components including incineration reaction ash, glass, palygorskite, and kaolin, and the weight percentage of incineration reaction ash can be as high as 20%, so that the incineration reaction Ash can be properly disposed of. In addition, the weight percentage of the glass of the humidity-controlling ceramics also accounts for a very high proportion, so the waste glass can also be effectively recycled.

Among them, in order to effectively stabilize the heavy metals in the incineration reaction ash to prevent its dissolution, in this embodiment, the incineration reaction ash and palygorskite can be mixed to produce a mixture, and then the wet grinding process can be used to grind the mixture to effectively Stable incineration of heavy metals in reaction ash. Through the above-mentioned special wet grinding stabilization procedure, heavy metal dissolution can be far below the limit of the incineration ash reuse standard.

Number of samples: 3, ND: Not detectable Unit: mg / L

Next, the glass, kaolin, and the mixture can be mixed and pressed into a green body, and finally a sintering process is performed to produce a humidity-conditioning ceramic.

Through the above-mentioned manufacturing method, the moisture absorption capacity of the humidity-controlling ceramic of this embodiment can reach more than 72 g / m ² , the moisture release rate can reach more than 70%, and the bending strength can reach more than 6.12 MPa, and the sintering temperature can be reduced to 1000. Below ℃.

Therefore, from the above, it can be known that the humidity-controlling ceramic of this embodiment can effectively recycle the incineration reaction ash, so that harmful waste can be recycled into a product with high economic value, and the shortcomings of the conventional technique are improved.

It is worth mentioning that several existing incineration fly ash recovery and reuse technologies can only recycle incineration boiler ash and cannot effectively recycle the incineration reaction ash, so the incineration reaction ash cannot be properly treated. In contrast, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the components of the humidity-controlling ceramic may include incineration reaction ash, and the weight percentage of the incineration reaction ash may be as high as 5 to 20% by weight. Therefore, the incineration reaction ash can be effectively recycled and used to make the incineration reaction ash effective. Can be properly handled.

In addition, according to the embodiment of the present invention, a special wet grinding process is adopted in the process of humidity-controlling ceramics, which can effectively stabilize the incineration of heavy metals in the reaction ash to meet standards, so that the humidity-controlling ceramics can be more stable and safe.

In addition, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the moisture absorption capacity of the humidity-adjusting ceramic can reach 72 g / m ² or more, the moisture release rate can reach 70% or more, the bending strength can reach 6.12 MPa or more, and the sintering temperature can be reduced to 1000 ° C. Below, it has excellent performance.

In addition, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the sintering procedure of the humidity-controlling ceramic can be below 1000 ° C., so that the humidity-controlling ceramic can have better characteristics, and at the same time, its cost can be further reduced.

Furthermore, according to the embodiments of the present invention, humidity-controlling ceramics can be widely used in buildings, and because of their excellent performance, they can effectively improve human health and improve the home environment, so they are widely used. As can be seen from the above, the present invention has extremely advanced patent requirements.

Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for manufacturing a humidity-controlling ceramic according to the present invention. The manufacturing method of the humidity-controlling ceramic in this embodiment may include the following steps:

Step S11: Provide incineration reaction ash, glass, palygorskite and kaolin, and weight of incineration reaction ash The amount percentage is 5 to 20% by weight, the weight percentage of glass is 60 to 75% by weight, the weight percentage of palygorskite is 10 to 20% by weight, and the weight percentage of kaolin is 10 to 20% by weight.

Step S12: Mix the incineration reaction ash with palygorskite to produce a mixture.

Step S13: The wet grinding process is performed to grind the mixture.

Step S14: The mixture is mixed with glass and kaolin and pressed into a green embryo.

Step S15: A sintering process is performed to produce a humidity-conditioning ceramic.

The above is only an example. The ingredients of the humidity-controlling ceramics and the manufacturing method thereof can be changed according to actual needs, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for manufacturing a humidity-controlling ceramic according to the present invention. This embodiment illustrates the details of the manufacturing method of the humidity-controlling ceramic.

As mentioned above, the humidity-controlling ceramic of this embodiment may include four components such as incineration reaction ash, glass (waste glass), palygorskite, and kaolin. The weight percentage of the incineration reaction ash may be 5-20 wt%. The weight percentage of glass can be 60 ~ 75wt%. The weight percentage of palygorskite can be 10-20% by weight. The weight percentage of kaolin can be 10-20 wt%.

Wherein, the above-mentioned raw materials in this embodiment may be subjected to an appropriate pre-treatment before performing subsequent procedures. Among them, the glass can use waste glass, and can be removed from the label, washed, dried and broken, and then can be broken into smaller fine powder by the jaw crusher and then sieved for use.

The incineration reaction ash of this embodiment can be subjected to water extraction pretreatment to remove salts that are unfavorable to the stability of heavy metals and the durability of the sintered body. In this embodiment, the operating conditions are liquid solids, extraction time is 5 minutes, and the number is 2 Secondly, after the water-extraction incineration reaction ash is separated by solid-liquid, the filter cake is taken to dry, cool, and crushed, and the powder is sealed in a container for future use.

The kaolin in this embodiment can be industrial grade kaolin, and ensure that it is dry and stored in a sealed tank for future use.

The palygorskite in this embodiment may be industrial-grade palygorskite, which is processed before the high-temperature activation procedure. And the treatment was continued at a temperature of 400 ° C for 4 hours. After cooling and crushing, the powder was sealed in a container for future use.

Of course, the above conditions are just examples, and the pre-treatment procedures for each raw material can be changed according to actual needs, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

In this embodiment, a special wet grinding process can be adopted, which can effectively stabilize the heavy metals in the incineration reaction ash. This embodiment uses ordinary ball mills and alumina grinding balls as grinding equipment, and the grinding parameters are: wet grinding liquid-solid ratio is 9: 1 by weight; rotation speed is 86 rpm; grinding time is 2 hours; among them, the wet During the grinding process, the incineration reaction ash and palygorskite which have undergone the water extraction pretreatment process can be mixed in a ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 2.

Then, the glass, kaolin and the mixture are mixed and pressed into a green embryo, and the molding pressure can be 1,900-2,100 psi; in this implementation, the molding pressure can be 2,000 psi; after molding, it is dried in an oven at 105 ° C. The shape integrity of the green embryo is ensured; in this embodiment, the size of the green embryo is 10 cm in length, 5 cm in width, and 0.5 cm in thickness.

Finally, the sintering process can be performed. The manufacturing method of the humidity-controlling ceramics can use a lower temperature, about 700 ° C to 1,000 ° C. This embodiment uses 800 ° C, 850 ° C, 900 ° C, and 950 ° C, and the heating rate is 1 ° C ~ 30 ℃ / min, it will naturally drop to room temperature after 5 minutes of holding temperature, and the sintering equipment used is air atmosphere sintering of high temperature rectangular furnace.

Of course, the above conditions are only examples, and the conditions may be changed according to actual needs, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

First, the mechanical characteristics of the sintered body in this embodiment include the loss on ignition rate, volume change rate, and flexural strength. Among them, the bending strength is the most important quality index of the mechanical properties of humidity-controlling ceramics; the loss of ignition rate can be used to know the weight loss at different temperatures and sintering conditions; the volume change rate can be used to understand the dimensional change before and after sintering, which affects sintering Specimen strength and moisture absorption and release effect.

The analysis results are shown in Table 2. Among them, glass, incineration reaction ash, kaolin, and palygorskite are capital letters G, F, K, and P, respectively, and their weight percentages are expressed by numbers. 60%, incineration reaction ash is 10% by weight, kaolin is 10% by weight, and palygorskite is 20% by weight Mean ± standard deviation, as follows:

As can be seen from Table 2, this example shows GFKP-6211, GFKP-6121, and GFKP-6112 containing four components including glass, incineration reaction ash, kaolin, and palygorskite. The wet incineration reaction ash and slope are used in the process The co-grinding of whirlite can effectively stabilize the physicochemical properties of the heavy metals and powders of the incineration reaction ash, and then, through proper tempering of glass and kaolin and control of appropriate sintering conditions, high-performance environmentally friendly humidity-controlling ceramics can be successfully fired.

Compared with GFKP-6220, GFKP-6202, GFKP-6130, and GFKP-6103, which use only three ingredients, GFKP-6211, GFKP-6121, and GFKP-6112 also have excellent bending resistance under high temperature sintering conditions. strength.

In this example, a humidity-controlling ceramic is manufactured by the method described above, and JIS A 1470-1 is used to test the moisture absorption and release properties of building materials-Part 1: Humidity Response Method-Humidity Change Method Test it and calculate it with the following formulas (1) ~ (3): W _a = (M _a -M ₀ ) / A ............ ................................................(1 )

W _d = (m _a -m ₁ ) / A ............ ................................(2)

W _s = M _a -M _d ............... ....................... (3)

Wherein, W _a represents an amount of moisture during the time of the end of the absorbent ^{(g / m 2); W} d represents the end of the discharge amount of the wet process and desorption ^{(g / m 2); W} s residual moisture amount (g / m ² ); M _a represents the mass of the specimen at the end of the moisture absorption process (g); m _d represents the mass of the specimen at the end of the moisture absorption process (g); m ₀ the mass of the specimen after health (g); A represents Contact surface area (m ² ). The results of humidity control performance analysis are shown in Table 3. The "*" humidity control performance meets the third-level standard (70%) or more (this example uses the Japanese humidity control building material humidity control performance evaluation criteria) as follows: Table 3 is different Humidity control table of ingredients

As can be seen from the table above, this example shows that GFKP-6121 and GFKP-6112 containing four components including glass, incineration reaction ash, kaolin, and palygorskite can reach the third grade of the highest quality under low temperature sintering conditions of 850 ° C. The standard can also meet the bending strength requirements of CNS ceramic tiles.

Table 4 shows the toxicity dissolution test of the sintered body of humidity-controlling ceramics with different components, where the data is expressed as the average value _± standard deviation, and "ND" indicates that the detection limit is lower than the instrument, as follows:

As can be seen from the table above, this example shows that GFKP-6121 and GFKP-6112 containing four components including glass, incineration reaction ash, kaolin, and palygorskite can also meet the reuse of incinerated ash under low temperature sintering conditions at 850 ° C. Standard, according to experience, such as reducing atmosphere sintering, heavy metal chromium will be far below this standard.

It can be known from the foregoing that the humidity-controlling ceramic of this embodiment not only has excellent performance, but also the temperature of the sintering process of the humidity-controlling ceramic can achieve an excellent effect at 850 ° C, so its cost can be further reduced.

As shown in the figure, this embodiment may include the following steps:

Step S21: Provide incineration reaction ash, glass, palygorskite and kaolin, the weight percentage of incineration reaction ash is 5-20% by weight, the weight percentage of glass is 60-75% by weight, and the weight percentage of palygorskite is 10-20% by weight. And the weight percentage of kaolin is 10 ~ 20wt%.

Step S22: Perform a water extraction pre-treatment program to pre-treat the incineration reaction ash.

Step S23: Mix the incineration reaction ash and palygorskite which have undergone the water extraction pretreatment procedure in a ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 2 to produce a mixture.

Step S24: The wet grinding process is performed to grind the mixture.

Step S25: The mixture is mixed with glass and kaolin and pressed into a green embryo at a molding pressure of 1900-2100 psi.

Step S26: A sintering procedure is performed to generate a humidity-controlling ceramic, wherein the temperature of the sintering procedure is 700 ° C. to 1000 ° C., and the heating rate is 1 ° C. to 30 ° C./min.

The above is only an example. The ingredients of the humidity-controlling ceramics and the manufacturing method thereof can be changed according to actual needs, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

To sum up, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the components of the humidity-controlling ceramic may include incineration reaction ash, and the weight percentage of the incineration reaction ash may be as high as 5 to 20% by weight. Therefore, the incineration reaction ash can be effectively recycled and the incineration reaction ash Can be properly handled.

In addition, according to the embodiment of the present invention, a special wet-grinding stabilization procedure is used in the process of humidity-controlling ceramics, which can effectively stabilize the heavy metals in the incineration reaction ash, so that the humidity-controlling ceramics can be more stable and safe.

In addition, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the moisture absorption capacity of the humidity-adjusting ceramic can reach more than 72 g / m ² , the moisture release rate can reach more than 70%, the bending strength can reach more than 6.12 MPa, and the sintering temperature can be reduced to 1000 ° C. Below, it has excellent performance.

In addition, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the sintering procedure of the humidity-controlling ceramic can be below 1000 ° C., so that the humidity-controlling ceramic can have better characteristics, and at the same time, its cost can be further reduced.

Furthermore, according to the embodiments of the present invention, humidity-controlling ceramics can be widely used in buildings, and because of their excellent performance, they can effectively improve human health and improve the home environment, so they are widely used.

It can be seen that the present invention has indeed achieved the desired effect under the breakthrough of the previous technology, and it is not easy for those skilled in the art to think about, and its progressiveness and practicability obviously meet the requirements of patent application. I filed a patent application in accordance with the law, and kindly ask your office to approve this invention patent application in order to encourage creativity and to feel good.

The above description is exemplary only, and not restrictive. Any other equivalent modifications or changes made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the attached patent application.

Claims (8)

A humidity-controlling ceramic comprises: an incineration reaction ash, wherein the weight percentage of the incineration reaction ash is 5 to 20% by weight; a glass, the weight percentage of the glass is 60 to 75% by weight; a palygorskite, the palygorskite The weight percentage is 10 to 20% by weight; and a kaolin, the weight percentage of the kaolin is 10 to 20% by weight; wherein the incineration reaction ash is pretreated by a water extraction pretreatment procedure, and is treated with the palygorskite in a ratio of 1: 1. Mix to a ratio of 1: 2 to produce a mixture, and perform a wet grinding process to grind the mixture. After that, the mixture is mixed with the glass and the kaolin to produce a green embryo, which is then processed after a sintering process to produce the mixture. Humidifying ceramics. The humidity-controlling ceramic according to item 1 of the scope of application for a patent, wherein the moisture-absorbing capacity of the humidity-controlling ceramic is above 72 g / m ² . The humidity-controlling ceramic according to item 1 of the scope of application for a patent, wherein the humidity-releasing rate of the humidity-controlling ceramic is above 70%. The humidity-controlling ceramic according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the bending strength of the humidity-controlling ceramic is above 6.12 MPa. A method for manufacturing humidity-controlling ceramics includes: providing an incineration reaction ash, a glass, a palygorskite, and a kaolin. The weight percentage of the incineration reaction ash is 5-20 wt%, and the weight percentage of the glass is 65-75 wt. %, The weight percentage of the palygorskite is 10-20% by weight, and the weight percentage of the kaolin is 10-20% by weight; a water extraction pre-treatment procedure is performed to pre-treat the incineration reaction ash; and the water extraction pre-treatment is to be performed The incineration reaction ash of the procedure is mixed with the palygorskite in a ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 2 to produce a mixture; a wet grinding process is performed to grind the mixture; the mixture is mixed with the glass and the kaolin and pressed into A green embryo; and performing a sintering procedure to produce the humidity-conditioning ceramic. The method for manufacturing a humidity-controlling ceramic as described in item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein the temperature of the sintering procedure is 700 ° C to 1000 ° C. The method for manufacturing a humidity-controlling ceramic as described in item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein the heating rate of the sintering process is 1 ° C to 30 ° C / min. The method for manufacturing a humidity-controlling ceramic according to item 5 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the forming pressure for pressing the green embryo is 1900-2100 psi.