TWI660671B - 用於穀類中之真菌控制的協同性殺真菌混合物 - Google Patents
用於穀類中之真菌控制的協同性殺真菌混合物 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI660671B TWI660671B TW106111147A TW106111147A TWI660671B TW I660671 B TWI660671 B TW I660671B TW 106111147 A TW106111147 A TW 106111147A TW 106111147 A TW106111147 A TW 106111147A TW I660671 B TWI660671 B TW I660671B
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- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TZLVRPLSVNESQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium azide Chemical compound [K+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] TZLVRPLSVNESQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940094025 potassium bicarbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940050982 potassium hydroxyquinoline sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940016373 potassium polysulfide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium thiocyanate Chemical compound [K+].[S-]C#N ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940116357 potassium thiocyanate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZSUHWKOUWKJIOR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;2-methyl-4,6-dinitrophenolate Chemical compound [K+].CC1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1[O-] ZSUHWKOUWKJIOR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DWBSXHMYTSZXQL-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;quinolin-8-yl sulfate Chemical compound [K+].C1=CN=C2C(OS(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 DWBSXHMYTSZXQL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- WHHIPMZEDGBUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N probenazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(OCC=C)=NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 WHHIPMZEDGBUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- TVLSRXXIMLFWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N prochloraz Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N(CCC)CCOC1=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C=C1Cl TVLSRXXIMLFWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- WZZLDXDUQPOXNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N propamocarb Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)NCCCN(C)C WZZLDXDUQPOXNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STJLVHWMYQXCPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propiconazole Chemical compound O1C(CCC)COC1(C=1C(=CC(Cl)=CC=1)Cl)CN1N=CN=C1 STJLVHWMYQXCPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CRFYLQMIDWBKRT-LPYMAVHISA-N pyribencarb Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(CNC(=O)OC)=CC(C(\C)=N\OCC=2N=C(C)C=CC=2)=C1 CRFYLQMIDWBKRT-LPYMAVHISA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O pyridinium Chemical compound C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
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- DHTJFQWHCVTNRY-OEMAIJDKSA-N pyrisoxazole Chemical compound C1([C@@]2(C)CC(ON2C)C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)=CC=CN=C1 DHTJFQWHCVTNRY-OEMAIJDKSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XRJLAOUDSILTFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyroquilon Chemical compound O=C1CCC2=CC=CC3=C2N1CC3 XRJLAOUDSILTFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinolin-8-ol Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MRUMAIRJPMUAPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinolin-8-ol;sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.C1=CN=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 MRUMAIRJPMUAPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBQQHUGEACOBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinomethionate Chemical compound N1=C2SC(=O)SC2=NC2=CC(C)=CC=C21 FBQQHUGEACOBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011885 synergistic combination Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- ROZUQUDEWZIBHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tecloftalam Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1Cl ROZUQUDEWZIBHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XQTLDIFVVHJORV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tecnazene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=CC(Cl)=C1Cl XQTLDIFVVHJORV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AUZONCFQVSMFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylthiuram disulfide Natural products CCN(CC)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(CC)CC AUZONCFQVSMFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004308 thiabendazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010296 thiabendazole Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004546 thiabendazole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WJCNZQLZVWNLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiabendazole Chemical compound S1C=NC(C=2NC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)=C1 WJCNZQLZVWNLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WOSNCVAPUOFXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N thifluzamide Chemical compound S1C(C)=NC(C(F)(F)F)=C1C(=O)NC1=C(Br)C=C(OC(F)(F)F)C=C1Br WOSNCVAPUOFXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L thimerosal Chemical compound [Na+].CC[Hg]SC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate-methyl Chemical compound COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILERPRJWJPJZDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioquinox Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N=C(SC(=S)S3)C3=NC2=C1 ILERPRJWJPJZDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002447 thiram Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VJQYLJSMBWXGDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tiadinil Chemical compound N1=NSC(C(=O)NC=2C=C(Cl)C(C)=CC=2)=C1C VJQYLJSMBWXGDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010384 tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001295 tocopherol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003799 tocopherol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011732 tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- OBZIQQJJIKNWNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tolclofos-methyl Chemical compound COP(=S)(OC)OC1=C(Cl)C=C(C)C=C1Cl OBZIQQJJIKNWNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYVWIQDYBVKITD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tolylfluanid Chemical compound CN(C)S(=O)(=O)N(SC(F)(Cl)Cl)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 HYVWIQDYBVKITD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BAZVSMNPJJMILC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triadimenol Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1C(C(O)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 BAZVSMNPJJMILC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IQGKIPDJXCAMSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triazoxide Chemical compound N=1C2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2[N+]([O-])=NC=1N1C=CN=C1 IQGKIPDJXCAMSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QFNFRZHOXWNWAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triclopyricarb Chemical compound COC(=O)N(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1COC1=NC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl QFNFRZHOXWNWAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQJCHOQLCLEDLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclazole Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC2=C1N1C=NN=C1S2 DQJCHOQLCLEDLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ONCZDRURRATYFI-TVJDWZFNSA-N trifloxystrobin Chemical compound CO\N=C(\C(=O)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1CO\N=C(/C)C1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 ONCZDRURRATYFI-TVJDWZFNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSMVPDGQOIQYSR-KGENOOAVSA-N triflumizole Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(/COCCC)=N/C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1C(F)(F)F HSMVPDGQOIQYSR-KGENOOAVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RROQIUMZODEXOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triforine Chemical compound O=CNC(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)N1CCN(C(NC=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)CC1 RROQIUMZODEXOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBXWFLISHPUINY-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyltin Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[Sn](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 SBXWFLISHPUINY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YNWVFADWVLCOPU-MAUPQMMJSA-N uniconazole P Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1/C([C@@H](O)C(C)(C)C)=C/C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 YNWVFADWVLCOPU-MAUPQMMJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JARYYMUOCXVXNK-IMTORBKUSA-N validamycin Chemical compound N([C@H]1C[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O)[C@H]1O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)CO)[C@H]1C=C(CO)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JARYYMUOCXVXNK-IMTORBKUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004562 water dispersible granule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- DUBNHZYBDBBJHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L ziram Chemical compound [Zn+2].CN(C)C([S-])=S.CN(C)C([S-])=S DUBNHZYBDBBJHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FJBGIXKIXPUXBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N {2-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)propyl]-2,4,4-trimethyl-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl}(imidazol-1-yl)methanone Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N1C(C)(C)COC1(C)CCCC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 FJBGIXKIXPUXBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/24—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/54—1,3-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazines
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
Abstract
一種殺真菌組成物,其包含殺真菌有效量的(a)式I之化合物,異丁酸(3S,6S,7R,8R)-8-苄基-3-(3-((異丁醯基氧基)甲氧基)-4-甲氧基吡啶醯胺基)-6-甲基-4,9-二側氧-1,5-二喃-7-基酯;及(b)氟唑菌醯胺(fluxapyroxad);其提供所選擇的真菌之協同性控制。
Description
本申請案主張2012年12月28日所提出的美國暫時性專利申請案序號61/747094之利益,其明確地以參考方式併入本文。
本揭示關於一種包含(a)式I之化合物及(b)氟唑菌醯胺的協同性殺真菌組成物。
殺真菌劑係一種天然或合成來源的化合物,其作用以保護植物對抗由真菌所造成的損害。現在的農業方法大量依賴使用殺真菌劑。事實上,某些農作物沒有使用殺真菌劑無法有用地生長。使用殺真菌劑允許種植者增加農作物的產率及品質,因此,增加農作物的價值。在大部分狀況下,該農作物所增加的價值係使用殺真菌劑的成本之至少三倍價值。
但是,並沒有一種殺真菌劑係在全部狀況中皆有用,且重覆使用單一殺真菌劑時常導致對其及相關的殺真
菌劑發展出抗性。因此,進行研究以製造出較安全、具有較好性能、需要較低劑量、較易使用及成本較低的殺真菌劑及殺真菌劑組合。
當二或更多種化合物的的活性超過該化合物當單獨使用時的活性時,發生協合作用。
本揭示的一個目標為提供一種包含殺真菌化合物之協同性組成物。本揭示的另一個目標為提供一種使用這些協同性組成物之方法。該協同性組成物能防止或治癒或二者由子囊菌綱(Ascomycetes)的真菌所造成之疾病。此外,該協同性組成物具有改良的抗子囊菌病原體效力,包括小麥葉斑病(leaf blotch)。根據本揭示,一起提供該協同性組成物其使用方法。
某些具體實例包括一種協同性殺真菌混合物,其包含殺真菌有效量的式I之化合物及氟唑菌醯胺。
某些具體實例包括式I之化合物與氟唑菌醯胺的混合物,其中該式I之化合物對氟唑菌醯胺的重量比率係約
1:1至約16:1。在某些更特別的具體實例中,該重量比率係約1:2至約16:1,約1:4至約16:1,或約1:8至16:1。在其它更特別的具體實例中,該重量比率係約1:1至約8:1,約1:1至約4:1,或約1:1至約1:2。
某些具體實例包括式I之化合物與氟唑菌醯胺的混合物,其中該式I之化合物對氟唑菌醯胺的重量比率包括選自於由下列所組成之群的比率:約1:1,約1:2,約1:3,約1:4,約1:5,約1:6,約1:7,約1:8,約1:9,約1:10,約1:11,約1:12,約1:13,約1:14,約1:16,約2:1,約3:1,約4:1,約5:1,約6:1,約7:1,約8:1,約9:1,約10:1,約11:1,約12:1,約13:1,約14:1,及約16:1,或在前述值之任何二個間所界定出的任何範圍內。
某些具體實例包括該式I之化合物對氟唑菌醯胺的比率係約1至約1的混合物。某些具體實例包括該式I之化合物對氟唑菌醯胺的比率係約1至約2的混合物。某些具體實例包括該式I之化合物對氟唑菌醯胺的比率係約1至約3的混合物。某些具體實例包括該式I之化合物對氟唑菌醯胺的比率係約1至約4的混合物。某些具體實例包括該式I之化合物對氟唑菌醯胺的比率係約1至約5的混合物。某些具體實例包括該式I之化合物對氟唑菌醯胺的比率係約1至約6的混合物。某些具體實例包括該式I之化合物對氟唑菌醯胺的比率係約1至約7的混合物。某些具體實例包括該式I之化合物對氟唑菌醯胺的比率係約1至約8的混合物。某些具體
實例包括該式I之化合物對氟唑菌醯胺的比率為約1至約9的混合物。某些具體實例包括該式I之化合物對氟唑菌醯胺的比率係約1至約10的混合物。某些具體實例包括該式I之化合物對氟唑菌醯胺的比率係約1至約11的混合物。某些具體實例包括該式I之化合物對氟唑菌醯胺的比率係約1至約12的混合物。某些具體實例包括該式I之化合物對氟唑菌醯胺的比率係約1至約13的混合物。某些具體實例包括該式I之化合物對氟唑菌醯胺的比率係約1至約14的混合物。某些具體實例包括該式I之化合物對氟唑菌醯胺的比率係約1至約16的混合物。又其它具體實例包括一殺真菌組成物,其包含一殺真菌有效量的殺真菌混合物及一農藝上可接受的佐藥或載劑。
更其它具體實例包括一種處理植物的方法,其包括下列步驟:將一殺真菌有效量之包含式I之化合物及氟唑菌醯胺的混合物施加至選自於至少一種選自於由下列所組成之表面群的表面之表面:植物的至少一部分、與植物毗連的土壤、與植物接觸的土壤、種子、及使用來與植物或與植物毗連的表面接觸之設備。在某些具體實例中,該殺真菌有效量的混合物係以約30克/公頃(g/ha)至約200克/公頃的氟唑菌醯胺及約35克/公頃至約300克/公頃的式I之化合物的範圍施加。
本揭示關於一種協同性殺真菌混合物,其包含殺真菌有效量的(a)式I之化合物,異丁酸(3S,6S,7R,8R)-8-苄基-3-(3-((異丁醯基氧基)甲氧基)-4-甲氧基吡啶醯胺基)-6-甲基-4,9-二側氧-1,5-二喃-7-基酯;及(b)氟唑菌醯胺,3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-N-(3’,4’,5’-三氟聯苯-2-基)吡唑-4-甲醯胺。
式I之化合物係描述在美國專利案號6,861,390(其全文以參考之方式併入本文)中。
氟唑菌醯胺係描述在The e-Pesticide Manual,版本5.2,2011中。該氟唑菌醯胺的結構係如下:
在本文描述的組成物中,具有協同性殺真菌效應的式I之化合物對氟唑菌醯胺的重量比率包括在下列範圍
內的比率:約1:1,約1:2,約1:3,約1:4,約1:5,約1:6,約1:7,約1:8,約1:9,約1:10,約1:11,約1:12,約1:13,約1:14,約1:16,約2:1,約3:1,約4:1,約5:1,約6:1,約7:1,約8:1,約9:1,約10:1,約11:1,約12:1,約13:1,約14:1,及約16:1。除非明確地提到或明確地指示出,否則如於本文中所使用,用語”約”指為加或減10%的範圍,例如,約1包括範圍0.9至1.1的值。
該協同性組成物的施加比例將依欲控制的特別真菌型式、所需要的控制程度及施加的時機及方法而定。通常來說,本揭示的組成物可以在每公頃約50克(g/ha)至約1500克/公頃間之施加比例施加,以在該組成物中的活性成份之總量為基準。在其它具體實例中,本揭示的組成物可以在每公頃約65克(g/ha)至約500克/公頃間之施加比例施加,以在該組成物中的活性成份之總量為基準。氟唑菌醯胺的施加比例係在約30克/公頃至約200克/公頃之間,及式I之化合物的施加比例係在約35克/公頃至約300克/公頃之間。
本揭示之協同性混合物的組分可分別地或以多部分殺真菌系統的部分施加。本揭示的協同性混合物可與一或多種其它殺真菌劑相關連施加,以控制較廣泛多種不想要的疾病。當與其它殺真菌劑相關連使用時,目前所主張的化合物可與其它殺真菌劑調配、與其它殺真菌劑桶混合或與其它殺真菌劑相繼地施加。此其它殺真菌劑可包括
(RS)-N-(3,5-二氯苯基)-2-(甲氧基甲基)-琥珀醯亞胺、1,2-二氯丙烷、1,3-二氯-1,1,3,3-四氟丙酮水合物、1-氯-2,4-二硝基萘、1-氯-2-硝基丙烷、2-(2-十七烷基-2-咪唑啉-1-基)乙醇、2,3-二氫-5-苯基-1,4-二硫1,1,4,4-四氧化物、醋酸2-甲氧基乙基汞、氯化2-甲氧基乙基汞、矽酸2-甲氧基乙基汞、3-(4-氯苯基)-5-甲基若丹林、硫氰酸4-(2-硝基丙-1-烯基)苯基酯(4-(2-nitroprop-1-enyl)phenyl thiocyanateme)、N-3,5-二氯苯基-琥珀醯亞胺、N-3-硝基苯基衣康醯亞胺、2-(硫氰酸甲基硫基)-苯并噻唑、溴化(3-乙氧基丙基)汞、氯化2-甲氧基乙基汞、2-苯基酚、8-羥基喹啉硫酸鹽、8-苯基汞氧基喹啉、阿西苯樂(acibenzolar)、阿西苯樂-S-甲基、阿塞佩塔(acypetacs)、阿塞佩塔-銅、阿塞佩塔-鋅、阿苯達唑(albendazole)、阿狄摩(aldimorph)、蒜素、烯丙醇、苯唑嘧菌胺(ametoctradin)、吲唑磺菌胺(amisulbrom)、代森銨(amobam)、白粉寄生孢(Ampelomyces quisqualis)、胺丙膦酸(ampropylfos)、敵菌靈(anilazine)、抗黴素、福美砷(asomate)、金色制黴素(aureofungin)、阿扎康唑(azaconazole)、氧化福美雙(azithiram)、亞托敏(azoxystrobin)、枯草桿菌(Bacillus subtilis)、枯草桿菌株QST713、鋇聚硫醚、拜耳(Bayer)32394、本達樂(benalaxyl)、本達樂-M、醌肟腙(benquinox)、麥鏽靈(benodanil)、免賴得(benomyl)、滅草特(bentaluron)、苯噻菌胺(benthiavalicarb)、苯噻菌胺-異丙基、佈生(benthiazole)、苄烯酸(benzamacril)、苄烯酸-異丁基、抑菌啉(benzamorf)、
苯基異羥肟酸(benzohydroxamic acid)、苯丙烯氟菌唑(benzovindiflupyr)、苄基胺基苯-磺酸鹽(BABS)、小檗鹼、氯化小檗鹼、貝梭沙井(bethoxazin)、碳酸氫鹽、吡氟菌酯(bifujunzhi)、百蟎克(binapacryl)、聯苯、葉枯唑(bismerthiazol)、硫酸雙(甲基汞)、氧化雙(三丁基錫)、比多農(bitertanol)、雙硫酸醇、聯苯吡菌胺(bixafen)、保米黴素(blasticidin-S)、硼砂、波爾多液(Bordeaux mixture)、白克列(boscalid)、溴菌腈(bromothalonil)、溴克座(bromuconazole)、布瑞莫(bupirimate)、勃艮地(Burgundy)混合物、丁硫啶(buthiobate)、丁胺、鉻酸硫酸鎘鈣銅鋅、鈣聚硫醚、橄欖念珠菌(Candida oleophila)、四氯丹(captatol)、蓋普丹(captan)、嗎菌威(carbamorph)、貝芬替(carbendazim)、貝芬替苯磺酸鹽、貝芬替亞硫酸鹽、萎鏽靈(carboxin)、加普胺(carpropamid)、香旱芹酚、香旱芹酮、CECA、赤善特(Cheshunt)混合物、蟎離丹(chinomethionat)、聚甲殼糖、氯芬同(chlazafenone)、滅瘟唑(chlobenthiazone)、雙胺靈(chloraniformethan)、氯冉、克羅芬唑(chlorfenazole)、氯硝萘(chlorodinitronaphthalenes)、四氯喹啉(chlorquinox)、地茂散(chloroneb)、氯化苦(chloropicrin)、四氯異苯(chlorothalonil)、克氯得(chlozolinate)、甘寶素(climbazole)、克黴唑(clotrimazole)、小盾殼孢菌(Coniothyrium minitans)、醋酸銅、雙(3-苯基柳酸)銅、碳酸銅、鹼、氫氧化銅、環烷酸銅、辛酸銅、油酸銅、氧氯化銅、矽酸銅、硫酸銅、硫酸銅(三元)、鉻酸銅鋅、
丁香菌酯(coumoxystrobin)、甲酚、硫雜靈(cufrancb)、硫酸銅、福美銅氯(cuprobam)、氧化亞銅、賽座滅(cyazofamid)、環菌胺(cyclafuramid)、放線菌酮、賽弗芬米(cyflufenamid)、克絕(cymoxanil)、伏賜丁(cypendazole)、環克座(cyproconazole)、環普洛(cyprodinil)、酯菌胺(cyprofuram)、邁隆(dazomet)、邁隆-鈉、DBCP、咪菌威(debacarb)、癸磷錫(decafentin)、去氫醋酸、亞乙基雙-(二硫胺基甲酸)二銨、益發靈(dichlofluanid)、二氯萘醌(dichlone)、氯硝胺(dichloran)、二氯芬(dichlorophen)、菌核利(dichlozoline)、苄氯三唑醇(diclobutrazol)、德賽美(dic1ocymet)、德美井(diclomezine)、德美井-鈉、乙黴威(diethofencarb)、焦碳酸二乙酯、待克利(difenoconazole)、野燕枯(difenzoquat)離子、二氟林(diflumetorim)、菌核淨(dimetachlone)、二甲嘧酚(dimethirimol)、達滅芬(dimethomorph)、醚菌胺(dimoxystrobin)、啶菌唑(dingjunezuo)、戴尼唑(diniconazole)、達克利(Diniconazole-M)、大脫蟎(dinobuton)、白粉克(dinocap)、白粉克-4、白粉克-6、敵菌消(dinocton)、硝戊酯(dinopenton)、硝辛酯(dinosulfon)、硝丁酯(dinoterbon)、二苯胺、雙吡硫翁(dipyrithione)、雙硫崙(disulfiram)、滅菌磷(ditalimfos)、二噻農(dithiamon)、蟎速克(dithioether)、DNOC、DNOC-銨、DNOC-鉀、DNOC-鈉、嗎菌靈(dodemorph)、嗎菌靈醋酸鹽、多地辛(dodicin)、多地辛鹽酸、多地辛-鈉、多寧(dodine)、多寧自由鹼、敵菌酮
(drazoxolon)、EBP、護粒松(edifenphos)、因司唑賓(enestrobin)、因司唑布林(enestroburin)、因司唑賓(enoxastrobin)、依普座(epoxiconazole)、ESBP、乙環唑(etaconazole)、代森硫(etem)、噻唑菌胺(ethaboxam)、依瑞(ethirim)、依瑞莫(ethirimol)、乙氧喹啉(ethoxyquin)、依瑞莫、2,3-二羥基丙基硫醇乙基汞、醋酸乙基汞、溴化乙基汞、氯化乙基汞、磷酸乙基汞、依得利(etridiazole)、凡殺同(famoxadone)、咪唑菌酮(fenamidone)、敵磺鈉(fenaminosulf)、芬胺司唑賓(fenaminstrobin)、咪菌腈(fenapanil)、芬瑞莫(fenarimol)、芬克座(fenbuconazole)、甲呋醯胺(fenfuram)、環醯菌胺(fenhexamid)、種衣酯(fenitropan)、酚菌酮(fenjuntong)、稻瘟醯胺(fenoxanil)、拌種咯(fenpiclonil)、苯鏽啶(fenpropidin)、芬普福(fenpropimorph)、胺苯吡菌酮(fenpyrazamine)、三苯錫(fentin)、三苯醋錫(fentin acetate)、氯化三苯錫、三苯羥錫(fentin hydroxide)、福美鐵(ferbam)、富米綜(ferimzone)、扶吉胺(fluazinam)、護汰寧(fludioxonil)、氟芬氧司唑賓(flufenoxystrobin)、弗美多佛(flumetover)、氟嗎啉(flumorph)、氟比來(fluopicolide)、氟吡菌醯胺(fluopyram)、氟里醚(fluoroimide)、三氟苯唑(fluotrimazole)、氟嘧菌酯(fluoxastrobin)、氟喹唑(fluquinconazole)、護矽得(flusilazole)、氟硫滅(flusulfamide)、草酸甲酯(fluthiacet-methyl)、氟噻菌淨(flutianil)、福多寧(flutolanil)、護汰芬(flutriafol)、福爾培(folpet)、甲醛、福賽得(fosetyl)、
福賽得-鋁、麥穗寧(fuberidazole)、呋霜靈(furalaxyl)、福拉比(furametpyr)、二甲呋醯胺(furcarbanil)、呋菌唑(furconazole)、呋醚唑(furconazole-cis)、糠醛、拌種胺(furmecyclox)、呋菌隆(furophanate)、尖鐮胞菌(Fusarium oxysporum)、黏帚黴(Gliocladium spp.)、甘唆(glyodine)、灰黃黴素、克熱淨(guazatine)、克熱淨醋酸鹽類、GY-81、丙烯酸喹啉酯(halacrinate)、海克力斯(Hercules)3944、六氯苯、六氯丁二烯、六氯酚(hexachlorophene)、菲克利(hexaconazole)、己基硫弗(hexylthiofos)、環菌唑(huanjunzuo)、汞加芬(hydrargaphen)、殺紋寧(hymexazol)、ICIA0858、依滅列(imazalil)、依滅列硝酸鹽、依滅列硫酸鹽、易胺座(imibenconazole)、克熱淨(iminoctadine)、克熱淨三醋酸鹽、克熱淨三(烷苯磺酸鹽(albesilate))、枯瘟淨(inezin)、碘代丙炔基丁基甲胺酸酯(iodccarb)、碘甲烷、種菌唑(ipconazole)、艾芬哌唑酮(ipfenpyrazolone)、丙基喜樂松(iprobenfos)、依普同(iprodione)、丙森鋅(iprovalicarb)、壬氧磷胺(isopamphos)、亞賜圃(isoprothiolane)、吡唑萘菌胺(isopyrazam)、亞汰尼(isotianil)、異酸菌酮(isovaledione)、甲香菌酯(jiaxiangjunzhi)、嘉賜黴素(kasugamycin)、嘉賜黴素鹽酸水合物、克菌憐(kejunlin)、醚菌酯(kresoxim-methyl)、昆布糖、氯啶菌酯(lvdingjunzhi)、代森錳銅(mancopper)、鋅錳乃浦(mancozeb)、曼普胺(mandipropamid)、錳乃浦(maneb)、鄰醯胺(mebenil)、苯并威(mecarbinzid)、高效甲霜靈(mefenoxam)、滅派林
(mepanipyrim)、滅普寧(mepronil)、消蟎多(meptyl-dinocap)、氯化汞、氧化汞、氯化亞汞、滅達樂(metalaxyl)、滅達樂-M、威百畝(metam)、威百畝-銨、威百畝-鉀、威百畝-鈉、間氯敵菌酮(metazoxolon)、滅特座(metconazole)、滅速克(methasulfocarb)、三甲呋菌胺(methfuroxam)、溴甲烷、碘甲烷、異硫代氰酸甲酯、苯甲酸甲基汞、甲基汞雙氰胺、五氯酚甲基汞(methylmercury pentachlorophenoxide)、免得爛(metiram)、苯氧菌胺(metominostrobin)、美錯芬儂(metrafenone)、噻菌胺(metsulfovax)、米多黴素(mildiomycin)、代森環(milneb)、嗎啉胍(moroxydine)、嗎啉胍鹽酸、黏氯酸酐、邁克尼(myclobutanil)、滅克寧(myclozolin)、N-乙基汞-4-甲苯磺醯苯胺、N-(乙基汞)-對-甲苯磺醯苯胺、代森鈉(nabam)、納他黴素(natamycin)、雙(二甲基二硫代胺基甲酸)鎳、硝基苯乙烯、酞菌酯(nitrothal)-異丙基、尼瑞莫(nuarimol)、OCH、辛噻酮(octhilinone)、呋醯胺(ofurace)、油酸(脂肪酸)、歐沙戳賓(orysastrobin)、王草腦、歐殺斯(oxadixyl)、噻皮普林(oxathiapiprolin)、喔星-銅、咪唑(oxpoconazole)反丁烯二酸鹽、喜保信(oxycarboxin)、帕里醇(parinol)、稻瘟酯(pefurazoate)、平克座(penconazole)、賽克隆(pencycuron)、氟唑菌苯胺(penflufen)、五氯酚、月桂酸五氯苯酯、吡噻菌胺(penthiopyrad)、氰烯菌酯(phenamacril)、苯基汞脲(phenylmercuriurea)、醋酸苯基汞、氯化苯基汞、焦兒茶酚的苯基汞衍生物、二甲基二硫代胺基甲酸苯基汞、硝酸苯
基汞、水楊酸苯基汞、大伏革菌(Phlebiopsis gigantea)、氯瘟磷(phosdiphen)、膦酸、苯肽、啶氧菌酯(picoxystrobin)、粉病靈(piperalin)、代森福美鋅(polycarbamate)、保粒黴素(甲)(polyoxin B)、保粒黴素(polyoxins)、保粒黴素(丁)(polyoxorim)、保粒黴素(丁)-鋅、疊氮化鉀、碳酸氫鉀、羥基喹啉硫酸鉀、多硫化鉀、硫氰酸鉀、撲殺熱(probenazole)、撲克拉(prochloraz)、撲克拉-錳、撲滅寧(procymidone)、丙烷脒(propamidine)、丙烷脒二鹽酸、普拔克(propamocarb)、普拔克鹽酸、普克利(propiconazole)、甲基鋅乃浦(propineb)、普昆日(proquinazid)、硫菌威(prothiocarb)、硫菌威鹽酸、普塞康唑(prothioconazole)、吡喃靈(pyracarbolid)、百克敏(pyraclostrobin)、唑胺菌酯(pyrametostrobin)、唑菌酯(pyraoxystrobin)、白粉松(pyrazophos)、吡菌苯威(pyribencarb)、稗草畏(pyributicarb)、啶菌腈(pyridinitril)、比芬諾(pyrifenox)、派美尼(pyrimethanil)、派瑞芬農(pyriofenone)、派異唑(pyrisoxazole)、百快隆(pyroquilon)、吡氯靈(pyroxychlor)、氯吡根呋醚(pyroxyfur)、喹烯酮(quinacetol)、喹烯酮硫酸鹽、醌菌腙(quinazamid)、莫克草(quinoclamine)、唑喹菌酮(quinconazole)、快諾芬(quinoxyfen)、五氯硝基苯(quintozene)、吡咪唑(rabenzazole)、大虎杖(Reynoutria sachalinensis)萃取物、噻森銅(saisentong)、柳醯胺苯、山道寧(santonin)、環苯吡菌胺(sedaxane)、矽噻菌胺(silthiofam)、矽氟唑(simeconazole)、2-苯基苯酚鈉、疊氮
化鈉、碳酸氫鈉、鄰苯基苯酚鈉、五氯酚鈉、多硫化鈉、史羅沙敏(spiroxamine)、灰綠鏈黴菌(Streptomyces griseoviridis)、鏈黴素、鏈黴素倍半硫酸鹽、SSF-109、硫、戊苯碸(sultropen)、SYP-Z048、焦油類、得克利(tebuconazole)、鐵布弗昆(tebufloquin)、克枯爛(tecloftalam)、四氯硝基苯(tecnazene)、福美雙聯(tecoram)、氟醚唑(tetraconazole)、腐絕(thiabendazole)、噻氟亞菌胺(thiadifluor)、噻菌腈(thicyofen)、賽氟滅(thifluzamide)、硫氯苯亞胺(thiochlorfenphim)、噻菌銅、硫柳汞(thiomersal)、苯硫脲酯、甲基多保淨(thiophanate-methyl)、克殺蟎(thioquinox)、得恩地(thiram)、泰汀尼(tiadinil)、硫氰苯甲醯胺(tioxymid)、脫克松(tolclofos-methyl)、甲基益發靈(tolylfluanid)、醋酸甲苯基汞、三泰芬(triadimefon)、三泰隆(triadimenol)、威菌磷(triamiphos)、嘧菌醇(triarimol)、丁三唑(triazbutil)、咪唑(triazoxide)、氧化三丁基錫、水楊菌胺(trichlamide)、氯啶菌酯(triclopyricarb)、木黴菌(Trichoderma spp.)、三賽唑(tricyclazole)、三得芬(tridemorph)、三氟敏(trifloxystrobin)、賽福座(triflumizole)、賽福寧(triforine)、滅菌唑(triticonazole)、烯效唑(uniconazole)、烯效唑-P、福美甲胂(urbacid)、維利黴素(validamycin)、伐利芬內(valifenalate)、霜黴滅(valiphenal)、凡加(vangard)、免克寧(vinclozolin)、烯肟菌胺(xiwojunan)、氰菌胺(zarilamid)、代森鋅(zineb)、環烷酸鋅、鋅噻唑、福美鋅(ziram)及座賽胺(zoxamide)、及其任何
組合。
於本文中所描述的組成物以一起包含一包含(a)式I之化合物與(b)氟唑菌醯胺的組成物與一植物學可接受的載劑之調配物形式施加為較佳。
經濃縮的調配物可分散在水或另一種用於施加的液體中;或該調配物可係粉塵狀或粒狀,其然後可沒有進一步處理而施加。該調配物係根據在農業化學技藝中習知的程序來製備,但是其係新穎且重要,因為在其中存在一協同性組成物。
所施加的調配物最經常係水性懸浮液或乳液。此可溶於水、水可懸浮或能乳化的調配物係固體,通常已知為可溼性粉劑;或液體,通常已知為濃縮乳劑、水性懸浮液或懸浮液濃縮劑。本揭示考慮到可調配該協同性組成物用於輸送及使用作為殺真菌劑的全部媒劑。
如將容易地察知,可使用可加入這些協同性組成物的任何材料,只要它們產生想要的用途而沒有明顯干擾這些協同性組成物作為抗黴菌劑的活性。
可經壓密以形成水分散性粒劑之可溼性粉劑包含一該協同性組成物、載劑及農藝上可接受的界面活性劑之親密性混合物。該協同性組成物在該可溼潤粉末中的濃度通常係約10%至約90重量%,更佳為約25%至約75重量%,以該調配物的總重量為基準。在可溼性粉末調配物之製備中,該協同性組成物可與任何經細微分開的固體化合,諸如葉蠟石(prophyllite)、滑石、白堊、石膏、漂白土、
斑脫土、厄帖浦土、澱粉、酪蛋白、麩蛋白、蒙脫石黏土、矽藻土、純化的矽酸鹽或其類似物。在此操作中,該經細微分開的載劑係在揮發性有機溶劑中與該協同性組成物研磨或混合。所包含的有效界面活性劑係該可溼性粉末的約0.5%至約10重量%,其中該界面活性劑包括磺酸化的木質素類、萘磺酸鹽、烷基苯磺酸鹽、硫酸烷酯類及非離子界面活性劑,諸如烷基酚的環氧乙烷加成物。
該協同性組成物之濃縮乳劑包括在合適的液體中的合宜濃度,諸如約10%至約50重量%,以該濃縮乳劑調配物之總重量為基準。該協同性組成物之組分係共同或分別地溶解在載劑中,其中該載劑係一水可溶混的溶劑,或一水不可溶混的有機溶劑與乳化劑之混合物。該濃縮劑可以水及油稀釋以形成一呈油在水中的乳液形式之噴灑混合物。有用的有機溶劑包括芳香烴,特別是石油的高沸點萘系及烯系部分,諸如高沸點芳香族石油脂。亦可使用其它有機溶劑,諸如例如,萜烯系溶劑,包括松香衍生物;脂肪族酮,諸如環己酮;及複合醇,諸如2-乙氧基乙醇。
可由熟習該項技術者容易地決定出可有利地使用於此的乳化劑,及其包括多種非離子、陰離子、陽離子及兩性乳化劑,或二或更多種乳化劑之摻合物。在製備該濃縮乳劑時有用的非離子乳化劑之實施例包括烷基及芳基酚、脂肪族醇、脂肪族胺或脂肪酸與環氧乙烷、環氧丙烷類的聚伸烷基二醇醚及縮合產物,諸如以該多元醇或聚氧基伸烷基溶解之乙氧基化的烷基酚及羧酸酯。該陽離子乳
化劑包括四級銨化合物及脂肪胺鹽。該陰離子乳化劑包括烷基芳基磺酸之油可溶的鹽(例如,鈣)、油可溶的鹽或硫酸化的聚二醇醚、及磷酸化的聚二醇醚之適當的鹽。
在製備本揭示之濃縮乳劑時可使用的典型有機液體有芳香族液體,諸如二甲苯、丙基苯餾分、或混合的萘餾分;礦物油;經取代的芳香族有機液體,諸如酞酸二辛酯;煤油;多種脂肪酸的二烷基醯胺,特別是脂肪二醇及二醇衍生物諸如二甘醇的正丁基醚、乙基醚或甲基醚及三甘醇的甲基醚之二甲基醯胺。在濃縮乳劑之製備中,亦經常合適地使用二或更多種有機液體之混合物。較佳的有機液體有二甲苯及丙基苯餾分,以二甲苯為最佳。在液體調配物中通常使用表面活性分散劑,而其量係該分散劑與該協同性組成物的結合重量之0.1至20重量百分比。該調配物亦可包括其它相容的添加劑,例如,植物生長調節素及在農業中所使用的其它生物學活性化合物。
該水性懸浮液包括一或多種不溶於水的化合物之懸浮液,其係以約5%至約70重量%的濃度範圍分散在水性媒劑中,以該水性懸浮液調配物的總重量為基準。該懸浮液係藉由一起或分別地細微研磨該協同性組合的組分,及將該經研磨過的材料充分地混合進包含水及選自於與上述討論相同型式之界面活性劑的媒劑而製備。亦可加入其它成份,諸如無機鹽及合成或天然膠,以增加該水性媒劑的密度及黏度。經常最有效的是,藉由在諸如砂磨機、球磨機或活塞式均化器的裝備中同時研磨及混合來製備該水
性混合物及均質化其。
該協同性組成物亦可以粒狀調配物施加,此對施加至土壤特別有用。該粒狀調配物通常包含約0.5%至約10重量%的該化合物分散在一載劑中,以該粒狀調配物的總重量為基準,其中該載劑全體或大部分由粗糙分開的厄帖浦土、斑脫土、矽藻土、黏土或類似不貴的物質組成。此調配物通常藉由將該協同性組成物溶解在合適的溶劑中及將其施加至已經預先形成於範圍約0.5至約3毫米內的適當顆粒尺寸之粒狀載劑來製備。此調配物亦可藉由將該載劑與協同性組成物製成生麵團或糊狀物,且壓碎及乾燥以獲得想要的粒狀顆粒而製備。
包含該協同性組成物的粉塵係簡單地藉由親密性混合該呈粉狀形式的協同性組成物與合適的粉狀農業載劑,諸如例如,高嶺土、研磨過的火山岩及其類似物來製備。該粉塵可合適地包含約1%至約10重量%的協同性組成物/載劑組合。
該調配物可包括農藝可接受的佐藥界面活性劑,以提高該協同性組成物沈積、潤溼及滲透到標的農作物及有機體上。這些佐藥界面活性劑可選擇性作為該調配物的組分或作為桶混合劑來使用。該佐藥界面活性劑的量將從0.01百分比變化至1.0百分比體積/體積(v/v),以噴灑的水體積為基準,較佳為0.05至0.5百分比。合適的佐藥界面活性劑包括乙氧基化的壬基酚類、乙氧基化的合成或天然醇、該酯或磺化琥珀酸類的鹽、乙氧基化的有機矽酮、乙
氧基化的脂肪胺、及界面活性劑與礦物或蔬菜油之摻合物。
該調配物可選擇性包括一組合,其可包含至少1重量%的一或多種協同性組成物與另一種殺蟲化合物。此額外的殺蟲化合物可係殺真菌劑、殺蟲劑、殺線蟲劑、殺蟎劑、殺節肢動物劑、殺菌劑或其組合,其與本揭示的協同性組成物在經選擇用於施加的媒質中相容,及對本化合物的活性不拮抗。此外,在此等具體實例中,該其它殺蟲化合物係使用作為補充毒物用於相同或不同殺蟲用途。該殺蟲化合物與該協同性組成物通常可以1:100至100:1之重量比率一起混合。
本揭示在其範圍內包括一種控制或防止真菌攻擊的方法。這些方法包括對真菌或與真菌毗連的區域、或與欲防止寄生蟲侵擾的植物或與植物毗連的區域(例如施加至小麥或大麥植物),施加一殺真菌有效量的協同性組成物。該協同性組成物係合適於在殺真菌程度下處理多種植物,同時顯示出低植物毒性。該協同性組成物呈防護劑或根除劑方式係有用的。該協同性組成物係藉由任何多種已知技術施加,如為該協同性組成物或如為包含該協同性組成物的調配物。例如,該協同性組成物可施加至植物的根、種子或葉子,用以控制多種真菌而沒有損傷該植物的商業價值。該協同性組成物係以任何通常使用的調配物型式之形式施加,例如,如為溶液、粉塵、可溼性粉劑、可流動濃縮劑或濃縮乳劑。這些材料合宜地以多種已知方式施加。
已經發現該協同性組成物具有明顯的殺真菌效
應,特別用於農業用途。該協同性組成物對使用於農作物及園藝植物、或木頭、塗料、皮革或地毯底布特別有效。
特別是,該協同性組成物係在控制多種會感染有用的植物農作物之不想要的真菌上有效。該協同性組成物可使用來對抗多種子囊菌及擔子菌(Basidiomycete)真菌,包括例如下列典型真菌物種:小麥褐鏽病(brown rust)(隱匿柄鏽菌(Puccinia recondita);拜耳編碼PUCCRT);小麥條鏽病(stripe rust)(條形柄鏽菌(Puccinia striiformis);拜耳編碼PUCCST);小麥葉斑病(禾生球腔菌(Mycosphaerella graminicola);無性型:小麥殼針孢菌(Septoria tritici);拜耳編碼SEPTTR);小麥穎斑枯病(穎枯球腔菌(Leptosphaeria nodorum);拜耳編碼LEPTNO;無性型:穎枯殼針孢(Stagonospora nodorum))及香蕉的蕉葉黑斑病(black sigatoka)(斐濟球腔菌(Mycosphaerella fijiensis);拜耳編碼MYCOFI)。將由技藝人士了解,該協同性組成物對一或多種前述真菌之效力建立出該協同性組成物作為殺真菌劑的一般用途。
該協同性組成物具有寬廣的效力範圍作為殺真菌劑。欲施加的協同性組成物之精確量不僅與該等組分的相對量相依,而且亦與想要的特別作用、欲控制的真菌物種、及其生長階段、和植物或其它產物欲與該協同性組成物接觸的部分相依。因此,包含該協同性組成物的調配物無法在類似濃度下或對抗相同真菌物種上相等地有效。
該協同性組成物係以疾病抑制及植物學可接受
的量有效使用於植物。用語”疾病抑制及植物學可接受的量”指為該協同性組成物殺死或抑制想要控制的植物疾病,但是對植物不明顯有毒的量。所需要的協同性組成物之精確濃度隨著欲控制的真菌疾病、所使用的調配物型式、施加方法、特別的植物物種、氣候條件及其類似條件而改變。
本組成物可藉由使用習知的地面噴灑器、顆粒施佈器、及藉由其它由熟習該項技術者已知的習知工具施加至真菌或與真菌毗連的區域、或植物或與植物毗連的區域。
提供下列實施例以進一步闡明本揭示。它們不意欲解釋為本揭示之限制。
實施例
典型的協同性交互作用,包括所使用的施加比例及所產生的小麥褐鏽病及小麥葉斑病之疾病控制係顯現在表1中。
對該混合物研究式I之化合物:由殺真菌劑組成的處理,其中該殺真菌劑包括式I之化合物及氟唑菌醯胺。將工藝等級的材料溶解在丙酮中以製得貯存溶液,然後,使用其對每種各別的殺真菌劑組分或對該二因子混合物進行在丙酮中的4倍稀釋。在與9體積包含每百萬110份(ppm)Triton X-100的水混合稀釋後,獲得想要的殺真菌劑比例。使用自動隔間噴灑器(automated booth sprayer)將該殺真菌劑溶液(20毫升(mL))施加至12盆植物,其中該噴灑器使用二個6218-1/4 JAUPM噴灑噴嘴,在每平方英吋20磅(磅/
平方英寸)設定下以相反角度操作,以覆蓋二個葉表面。在進一步處理前,讓全部經噴灑的植物空氣乾燥。以相同方式使用空白溶劑噴灑對照植物。
評估殺真菌劑混合物對抗小麥葉斑病(禾生球腔菌;無性型:小麥殼針孢菌;拜耳編碼:SEPTTR)之治癒及防護活性。
在溫室中,於具有表面積27.5平方公分(cm2)包含50%礦物土壤/50%無土Metro mix的塑膠盆中,從種子生長出小麥植物(變種Yuma),其中每盆8-12株幼苗。當第一葉完全顯露時,將該等植物使用於測試,此典型在種植後7-8天發生。以小麥殼針孢菌的水性孢子懸浮液接芽測試植物:(a)在殺真菌劑處理前3天(3天治癒測試,3DC);或(b)在殺真菌劑處理後1天(1天防護測試,1DP)。在接芽後,將該植物放置在露室中1-3天,以允許感染發生。然後,將該植物放置在溫室中用於症狀發展發生,此在SEPTTR的情況中,典型需要25-30天。
評估殺真菌劑混合物對抗小麥褐鏽病(隱匿柄鏽菌;拜耳編碼:PUCCRT)的治癒活性。
如上所述般生長Yuma小麥幼苗,及在殺真菌劑處理前以隱匿柄鏽菌的水性孢子懸浮液接芽3天(3DC)。在接芽後,將植物放置在露室中1天以允許感染發生。然後,將該等植物放置在溫室中用於症狀發展發生,此在PUCCRT的情況中,典型需要7-10天。
當在對照植物上的疾病嚴重性到達50-100%
時,在經處理的植物上視覺地評估感染程度及以0至100百分比的尺度評分。然後,使用經處理的植物相對於對照植物之疾病比率來計算疾病控制的百分比。
使用Colby方程式來決定該混合物所預計的殺真菌效應。(參見Colby,S.R.除草劑組合的協同性及拮抗反應之計算。Weeds 1967,15,20-22。)
使用下列方程式來計算包含二種活性成份A及B的混合物之預計活性:預計=A+B-(AxB/100)
A=活性組分A在如於該混合物中所使用般相同的濃度下所觀察之效力;B=活性組分B在如於該混合物中所使用般相同的濃度下所觀察之效力。
在處理及對照植物二者中所評估的處理、所使用的施加比例、所評估的病原體及所產生的疾病係顯現在表1中。
表1:化合物I及氟唑菌醯胺在1天防護(1DP)小麥殼針孢菌(SEPTTR)及3天治癒隱匿柄鏽菌(PUCCRT)測試中的協同性交互作用。
Claims (13)
- 一種協同性殺真菌混合物,其包含殺真菌有效量的式I之化合物,異丁酸(3S,6S,7R,8R)-8-苄基-3-(3-((異丁醯基氧基)甲氧基)-4-甲氧基吡啶醯胺基)-6-甲基-4,9-二側氧-1,5-二喃-7-基酯;及氟唑菌醯胺,其中該式I之化合物相對氟唑菌醯胺的重量比率係從約2:1至約16:1。
- 如請求項1之混合物,其中該式I之化合物相對氟唑菌醯胺的比率係約2比約1。
- 如請求項1之混合物,其中該式I之化合物相對氟唑菌醯胺的比率係約3比約1。
- 如請求項1之混合物,其中該式I之化合物相對氟唑菌醯胺的比率係約4比約1。
- 如請求項1之混合物,其中該式I之化合物相對氟唑菌醯胺的比率係約5比約1。
- 如請求項1之混合物,其中該式I之化合物相對氟唑菌醯胺的比率係約9比約1。
- 如請求項1之混合物,其中該式I之化合物相對氟唑菌醯胺的比率係約10比約1。
- 如請求項1之混合物,其中該式I之化合物相對氟唑菌醯胺的比率係約11比約1。
- 如請求項1之混合物,其中該式I之化合物相對氟唑菌醯胺的比率係約12比約1。
- 如請求項1之混合物,其中該式I之化合物相對氟唑菌醯胺的比率係約14比約1。
- 如請求項1之混合物,其中該式I之化合物相對氟唑菌醯胺的比率係約16比約1。
- 一種殺真菌組成物,其包含一殺真菌有效量之如請求項1的殺真菌混合物及一農業上可接受的佐劑或載劑。
- 一種處理植物的方法,其包括下列步驟:將一殺真菌有效量之包含式I之化合物與氟唑菌醯胺的混合物施加至一表面,該表面選自於至少一種選自於由下列所組成之表面群的表面:植物的至少一部分、與植物毗連的土壤、與植物接觸的土壤、種子,及使用來與植物或與植物毗連的表面接觸之設備,其中該式I之化合物相對氟唑菌醯胺的重量比率係從約1:1至約16:1。
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