TWI631010B - 積層玻璃結構及其製造方法 - Google Patents

積層玻璃結構及其製造方法 Download PDF

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TWI631010B
TWI631010B TW103102730A TW103102730A TWI631010B TW I631010 B TWI631010 B TW I631010B TW 103102730 A TW103102730 A TW 103102730A TW 103102730 A TW103102730 A TW 103102730A TW I631010 B TWI631010 B TW I631010B
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glass
layers
laminated
glass layers
edge
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博格曼理查
丹諾克斯席爾瑞路克亞倫
達肯吉羅查理斯麥克
德尼卡大衛艾倫
葛瑞史都華
賈普立洋帕拉斯
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美商康寧公司
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
    • C03B23/02—Re-forming glass sheets
    • C03B23/023—Re-forming glass sheets by bending
    • C03B23/0235—Re-forming glass sheets by bending involving applying local or additional heating, cooling or insulating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
    • B23K26/3568—Modifying rugosity
    • B23K26/3576—Diminishing rugosity, e.g. grinding; Polishing; Smoothing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/40—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B9/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor
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    • B24B9/06—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain
    • B24B9/08—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain of glass
    • B24B9/10—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain of glass of plate glass
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10128—Treatment of at least one glass sheet
    • B32B17/10155—Edge treatment or chamfering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B29/00—Reheating glass products for softening or fusing their surfaces; Fire-polishing; Fusing of margins
    • C03B29/02—Reheating glass products for softening or fusing their surfaces; Fire-polishing; Fusing of margins in a discontinuous way
    • C03B29/025—Glass sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B29/00—Reheating glass products for softening or fusing their surfaces; Fire-polishing; Fusing of margins
    • C03B29/04—Reheating glass products for softening or fusing their surfaces; Fire-polishing; Fusing of margins in a continuous way
    • C03B29/06—Reheating glass products for softening or fusing their surfaces; Fire-polishing; Fusing of margins in a continuous way with horizontal displacement of the products
    • C03B29/08—Glass sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B33/00—Severing cooled glass
    • C03B33/02—Cutting or splitting sheet glass or ribbons; Apparatus or machines therefor
    • C03B33/023—Cutting or splitting sheet glass or ribbons; Apparatus or machines therefor the sheet or ribbon being in a horizontal position
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C15/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by etching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C19/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B17/00—Forming molten glass by flowing-out, pushing-out, extruding or drawing downwardly or laterally from forming slits or by overflowing over lips
    • C03B17/02—Forming molten glass coated with coloured layers; Forming molten glass of different compositions or layers; Forming molten glass comprising reinforcements or inserts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B25/00—Annealing glass products
    • C03B25/02—Annealing glass products in a discontinuous way
    • C03B25/025—Glass sheets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2419—Fold at edge
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
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Abstract

本發明揭示一種積層玻璃結構，該積層玻璃結構具有其中至少一者處於拉力下之一或多個內玻璃層及處於壓力下之兩個外玻璃層，其中一或兩個外玻璃層在積層玻璃結構之一或多個邊緣處至少部分地環繞一或多個內層。本發明亦揭示一種用於形成積層玻璃結構之製程，該製程包含：提供積層玻璃結構；自該結構之至少一個邊緣移除至少一些玻璃以在至少一個邊緣處產生凹陷；及施加熱量至該至少一個邊緣。

Description

積層玻璃結構及其製造方法 【相關申請案之交叉引用】
本申請案根據專利法主張2013年1月26日申請之美國臨時申請案第61/757,144號之優先權權益，本申請案依賴於該案之內容且該案之內容全文以引用之方式併入本文中。
本發明大體而言係關於積層玻璃製品或玻璃片及製造該積層玻璃製品或玻璃片之方法，且更具體而言係關於具有修整邊緣之積層玻璃製品或玻璃片及製造該製品或片之製程，該修整邊緣賦予了在修整邊緣處之增加之強度及抗斷裂性。
根據本揭示案之一個態樣，提供一種積層玻璃結構，該結構包含：一或多個內玻璃層，其中該等內層中之至少一者處於拉力下；及處於壓力下之兩個外玻璃層，該等外 玻璃層積層在一或多個內層之相對側面上以形成積層玻璃結構，該積層玻璃結構具有相互對立之主表面並由一或多個邊緣劃界，其中該等外層中之一或兩者在積層玻璃結構之該等邊緣中之一或多者處至少部分地環繞該一或多個內層。
本揭示案之另一態樣包括用於形成積層玻璃結構的製程，該製程包含以下步驟：1)提供積層玻璃結構，該結構包含：一或多個內玻璃層，其中該等內層中之至少一者處於拉力下；及處於壓力下之兩個外玻璃層，該等外玻璃層積層在一或多個內層之相對側面上，該結構具有兩個相對主表面及一或多個邊緣表面，在該等邊緣表面處，暴露了一或多個內玻璃層及兩個外玻璃層；2)自一或多個邊緣表面中之至少一者移除至少一些玻璃以在一或多個邊緣表面中之至少一者中產生一凹陷；及3)施加熱量至一或多個邊緣表面中之至少一者，以使該等該外層中之一或兩者在一或多個邊緣表面中之至少一者處至少部分地環繞一或多個內層。
本揭示案之進一步態樣、優點及特徵將自以下描述及圖式顯而易見。
10‧‧‧積層片
12‧‧‧內玻璃層
14‧‧‧外玻璃層
16‧‧‧外玻璃層
20‧‧‧主表面
30‧‧‧主表面
40‧‧‧邊緣表面
50‧‧‧凹陷
50a‧‧‧寬凹口
50b‧‧‧窄凹口
50c‧‧‧V結構凹口
50d‧‧‧凹陷
50e‧‧‧凹陷
60‧‧‧空隙
70‧‧‧材料
80‧‧‧框架
110b‧‧‧經修整積層片
140a‧‧‧經修整積層片
第1圖至第1C圖為圖示根據本揭示案之用於形成積層結構之製程之一些態樣及所得積層結構之一些實施例的圖解橫截面圖。
第2A至第2C圖為圖示第1A圖至第1C圖中所示之製程的替代製程或變化之一些步驟的圖解橫截面圖。
第3A圖及第3B圖為在未修整邊緣(第3A圖)及 經修整(圓形)邊緣(第3B圖)中之橫截面應力之電腦生成圖。
第4A圖及第4B圖為在熱處理前(第4A圖)及在熱處理後(第4B圖)之一個積層結構之邊緣的橫截面的數位照片。
第5A圖及第5B圖為在熱處理前(第5A圖)及在熱處理後(第5B圖)之另一積層結構之邊緣的橫截面的數位照片。
一種強化積層係有益地，因為理想地藉由玻璃的相對於內層具有低熱膨脹係數(coefficient of thermal expansion；CTE)之外層使得玻璃之表面處於壓力下。外層中之此壓縮伴隨積層結構之核心中之拉力。通常在(諸如藉由劃痕及斷裂)切割此種積層片時，此中心拉力經暴露，從而產生針對所得玻璃製品或玻璃片之弱點及潛在斷裂點。因此，具有增加之強度及抗損傷性之邊緣的積層玻璃結構係理想的，且需要形成此種積層玻璃結構之方法。
根據本揭示案，此等優點及此方法由積層玻璃結構提供，該結構包含一或多個內玻璃層，其中該等層中之至少一者處於拉力下；及處於壓力下之兩個外玻璃層，該等外玻璃層積層在一或多個內層之相對側面上以形成積層玻璃結構，其中該積層玻璃結構具有互相對立之主表面並由一或多個邊緣劃界。該等外玻璃層中之一或兩者在積層玻璃結構之該等邊緣中之一或多者處至少部分地環繞一或多個內層。因 此，邊緣之至少一部分受保護免於輕易受損及免於使經暴露表面區域處於拉力下。
理想地，外層環繞一或多個內層達至少為各別外層之厚度的1.5倍(更理想地達至少2倍)之一距離。對於一些應用，甚至需要外層充分環繞一或多個內層以在積層玻璃結構之該等邊緣中之一或多者處完全封閉該一或多個內層。此等結構及用於製造此等結構之製程圖示於第1A圖至第1C圖中。
圖1至圖1C為圖示根據本揭示案之用於形成積層結構之製程之一些態樣及所得積層結構之一些實施例的圖解橫截面圖。
在第1A圖中，提供一積層片10，該積層片10包含一或多個內玻璃層12(灰色)，其中該等內層中之至少一者處於拉力下；及處於壓力下之兩個外玻璃層14、16(黑色)，該等外玻璃層積層在一或多個內層12之相對側面上。該結構具有兩個相對主表面23、30及一或多個邊緣表面40(第1A圖之頂部處的邊緣表面)，在該等邊緣表面40處，暴露了一或多個內玻璃層12及兩個外玻璃層14、16。
接著，如第1B圖中所示及藉由自第1A圖中導向的箭頭所示，自第1A圖之積層片10的一或多個邊緣表面40中之至少一者移除至少一些玻璃，以在邊緣表面40中形成凹陷50。凹陷50係在垂直於積層片10之相對主表面20、30之方向(第1A圖及第1B圖中從左至右)上的凹陷。凹陷50可採用各種形式，所述凹陷之三個實例圖示於第1B圖中：寬凹口 50a(僅使外層14、16完整)；窄凹口50b及V結構凹口50c。可能需要藉由雷射處理(諸如雷射切除)、藉由蝕刻、藉由研磨或藉由以上各者之任一組合執行玻璃移除以形成凹陷50。亦可應用其他技術。
接著，如第1C圖中所描繪及如自第1B圖導向之箭頭所示，施加熱量至先前形成凹陷50之邊緣表面40，以使外層14、16中之一或兩者如在第1C圖之底部處的經修整積層片110b中至少部分地環繞一或多個內層12，或如在第1C圖之頂部處的經修整積層片140a中完全封閉一或多個內層12。可藉由雷射及/或火焰加熱執行加熱。其他加熱方法亦可潛在地組合或甚至單獨地應用，包括諸如輻射加熱及電漿加熱之方法。在加熱及CTE/表面張力效應下之玻璃之自然運動足以使外層14、16在內層12中彎曲及部分地或完全地覆蓋內層12，如第1C圖中所示。不需要確切地以第1C圖中所示之定向(漸升)執行加熱，儘管此加熱為一個替代且在一些情況下係較佳的。
第2A至第2C圖為圖示第1A圖至第1C圖中所示之製程的替代製程或變化之一些步驟的圖解橫截面圖。在此替代製程中，第1B圖中之步驟的凹陷50的起始形狀可較深或以其他方式修改，諸如第2A圖之較深凹陷50d及50e。以該較深或以其他方式修改之凹陷50開始，當隨後加熱邊緣表面40時，可產生對中心處之空隙60之部分密封，如第2B圖中所示。此空隙60隨後可有利地用於定位保護性及緩衝性安裝介面(諸如第2C圖中所示之介面)，該介面包含與框架80 配合之保護性密封及安裝或固定材料70。此空隙60並非為必要的，但在邊緣表面40需要凹槽之情況下可為用於包裝、安裝或其他目的的有利替代。
第3A圖為在未修整邊緣(第3A圖)及經修整(圓形)邊緣(第3B圖)中之橫截面應力之電腦生成圖，其中在經修整表面處之一或多個內層12係僅由外層14、16部分地封閉。如第3B圖中所見，隅角有效地受到外(壓縮)層保護，且高應力玻璃之體積(綠色陰影中所描繪，其中少量甚至更高之應力為紅色)得以減少(相對第3A圖)。
實驗
根據一個本製程實施例，研磨係用於使用金鋼石鋸之邊緣產生凹陷。為了施加熱量至邊緣，使用經加熱夾盤及紅外輻射加熱器將邊緣首先預加熱至500℃至600℃。接著，以對固定CO2雷射束而言正常之恆定饋送速率移動邊緣穿過該束，其中程式化機械手臂導航邊緣穿過該束。所使用之雷射在饋送方向上以尺寸約為玻璃積層之寬度乘以約10mm之長度的光斑大小產生20至130瓦特之功率。饋送速率為5至20mm/sec。(雷射功率、雷射光斑大小及饋送速率可基於玻璃、邊緣形狀及所需或理想的變形程度而最佳化)。在雷射邊緣修整後，理想地以受控速率執行冷卻，或玻璃可斷裂。在此情況下，在650℃下退火1小時用於減少應力。在熱處理前之邊緣及在熱處理後所得之邊緣圖示於第4A圖及第4B圖與第5A圖及第5B圖中，其中加熱前之積層結構圖示於照片「A」中，且加熱後之積層結構圖示於照片「B」中。如可在 第4B圖及第5B圖中所見，表明可能使用本揭示案之製程完全封閉玻璃積層結構之一或多個內層而不使積層結構之厚度增加。所得邊緣具有經拋光(熱拋光)表面，沒有留下機械工具標記或損傷。

Claims (8)

  1. 一種用於形成一積層玻璃結構之製程，該製程包含以下步驟：提供一積層玻璃結構，該結構包含：一或多個內玻璃層，其中該等內玻璃層中之至少一者處於拉力下；及處於壓力下之兩個外玻璃層，該等外玻璃層積層在該一或多個內玻璃層之相對側面上，該結構具有兩個相對主表面及一或多個邊緣表面，在該等邊緣表面處，暴露了該一或多個內玻璃層及該等兩個外玻璃層；自該一或多個邊緣表面中之至少一者移除至少一些玻璃以在垂直於該等相對主表面之方向上在該一或多個邊緣表面中之至少一者中產生一凹陷；施加熱量至該一或多個邊緣表面中之該至少一者，以使該等該外玻璃層中之一或兩者在該一或多個邊緣表面中之該至少一者處至少部分地包覆該一或多個內玻璃層。
  2. 如請求項1所述之製程，其中該移除步驟包含研磨。
  3. 如請求項1所述之製程，其中該移除步驟包含雷射切除。
  4. 如請求項1所述之製程，其中施加熱量之該步驟包含施加來自一火焰之熱量。
  5. 如請求項1所述之製程，其中施加熱量之該步驟包含施加雷射能量。
  6. 如請求項1所述之製程，其中施加熱量之該步驟包含輻射加熱。
  7. 如請求項1所述之製程，其中施加熱量之該步驟包含電漿加熱。
  8. 如請求項1至7中任一項所述之製程，其中該移除步驟包含蝕刻。
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