TWI626879B - Plant-cultivating media made from coir mat and plant potting methods using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A plant cultivation medium made of a coconut fiber mat and a plant potting method using the plant cultivation medium are disclosed herein.

Description

Plant cultivation medium made of coconut fiber mat and method for using the same

The present invention relates to a plant-cultivating medium made of a coir mat, which is suitable for pot-planting flowers having a thicker root diameter and prefers porous media. An ornamental plant, especially a plant with succulent roots, such as Orchids, such as Phalaenopsis, or plants of the Araceae family, such as flamingo flowers (Anthurium). The invention also relates to plant potting methods performed using the plant cultivation medium.

There are currently a wide variety of cultivation media used in potted flower crops including, but not limited to, Sphagnum moss, tree fern dust, tree bark, wood dust. ), rice hull, charcoal, coir fiber, coir dust, peat moss, perlite, vermiculite, foaming Expanded clay, rockwool, styrofoam, etc., which may be used singly or in combination. In Taiwan's flower industry, plants with fleshy roots such as orchids (especially Phalaenopsis) and Araceae (especially flamingo flowers) are important economic flower crops, and they are air permeability to the cultivation medium. The requirements are higher than plants with fibrous roots.

Because of its good water-holding capacity, sphagnum has become the most commonly used cultivation medium in the orchid industry. However, the natural sphagnum used today must rely on the manual operation of the operators to carry out the seedling cultivation of orchid seedlings. Or the potting process of the plant, to adjust the water moss tightness covering the root of the plant to control the water retention and ventilation of the medium after planting. In operation, the moss must be squeezed very tightly. If the water moss is not tight, the water content of the water moss after watering is too high to cause root rot. If the water moss is too tight, the water moss after watering Low water, plants will be short of water and grow slowly. This manual method causes many workers' thumbs to suffer professional injuries.

In order to solve the labor and labor problems and occupational injuries in manual work, TW 221964 discloses a compressed sphagnum cultivation material for horticulture, which is obtained by compressing natural sphagnum after being dried naturally or mechanically. After water, it can be expanded in a very short time (about 10 seconds) to be loose, and the water absorption can reach 15 to 20 times.

However, in recent years, sphagnum moss has been harvested due to excessive market demand, resulting in a decline in the quality of sphagnum moss, which has led to an increase in the production cost of potted orchids and the difficulty in controlling the quality of culture medium. Sex. Moreover, the density of the water moss planted by each operator is not the same, which affects the water management of the orchid basin. Therefore, there is a need to develop a new cultivation medium that is easy to handle, stable in quality, and inexpensive to replace the sphagnum moss.

Coir fiber is a fibrous material obtained by crushing, immersing, dispersing, and exposing the hard shell of coconut fruit after removing coconut milk and coconut meat. Since coconut fiber is an easy-to-obtain and very inexpensive agricultural waste, and it is a biodegradable substance, in recent years, horticultural workers have been working to develop coconut fiber into a cultivation medium for plants.

The water retention capacity based on pure coconut fiber is considered to be inferior to that of sphagnum moss. In TW 201507599 A, a mixed medium planting piece and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, wherein the coconut fiber raw material is loosened and assembled into a coir blanket layer. Then, the water-repellent broken cotton is tied to the coconut fiber blanket layer by a needle-punch process, and then subjected to high-temperature sterilization and then cut to obtain a plurality of mixed medium planting pieces. According to TW 201507599 A, one side of each mixed medium planting piece can be further cut into a plurality of root guiding gaps to facilitate the growth of the fleshy root along the root line in the solid planting piece, and the water moss layer can be further sandwiched between the two. Between the layers of coconut fiber blankets to form a collection of coconut fiber blankets, and the quilted cotton is needled on the collection of coconut fiber blankets. The mixed medium planting piece disclosed in TW 201507599 A must use materials other than coconut fiber, that is, broken cotton and sphagnum. The proportion of these materials will affect the water retention, air permeability and electrical conductivity of the mixed medium planting piece. Physical properties such as electrical conductivity (EC).

TW M479009 discloses a cultivation medium structure for flower plants, which is mainly composed of an integrally formed cultivation medium pot body, which is pressed into a hollow basin by a machine or a manual mold by a mold, and is subjected to high temperature sterilization. After adjusting the pH value, it can be used directly as a cultivation medium. According to TW M479009, in order to avoid the occurrence of voids when the seedlings originally planted in the small pots are lifted up to the larger size of the cultivation medium basin, it is necessary to refill other cultivation mediums (such as sphagnum), and various kinds must be manufactured. The cultivation medium basins of different sizes lead to manufacturing complexity. In addition, TW M479009 presses the coconut shell silk into a hollow basin by machine or by hand, and the coconut fiber constituting the potting medium of the cultivation medium may be hard and may not allow the delicate plant roots to easily penetrate or even hurt. The root of the plant. Furthermore, since TW M479009 does not describe the porosity and density of the potting medium, nor does it disclose how to adjust the pH value, whether the potting medium can provide the water retention and air permeability required for the roots of the seedlings to be cultivated. , EC value and other properties, sincere doubt! Moreover, the drainage and water retention of the two different cultivation media of sphagnum moss and coconut fiber are completely different. If the original cultivation medium of a blue seedling is sphagnum moss, the orchid seedling is placed in the cultivation medium basin to perform the swell procedure. Based on the difference in drainage and water retention between the internal and external cultivation medium, the root of the orchid seedling will grow on the interface of the two cultivation media, and the cultivation medium basin only has the function of a pottery rather than a cultivation medium.

On the other hand, although most of the potted flower industry (especially the Phalaenopsis industry) has adopted the greenhouse cultivation method equipped with an automated environmental control system, it still relies heavily on manpower for plant cultivation, such as seedling raising and potting (pot- Shifting), fertilization, application, watering and handling. If such work is carried out by manpower, it is easy to cause a difference in the growth of potted flowers. Especially in the potting process, it is easy to cause the difference in the density of the cultivation medium around the roots of the potted plants by hand-coating the cultivation medium, which leads to the difference in drainage, water retention and aeration of the cultivation medium, and Differences in the absorption of fertilizers, chemicals, and water make the quality of potted flowers different.

In order to save manpower and achieve a more stable water-taste medium compactness, Hongda Development Industrial Co., Ltd. (Chiayi County, Taiwan) has developed a "blue flower pot planting machine", which will be manually wrapped in a water-soled medium. Push up to squeeze the water moss in the pot to form a blue seedling pot with a stable water moss firmness.

In order to reduce the dissimilarity of the growth environment of the potted roots caused by manpower, and at the same time to reduce the operating cost, the applicant is committed to developing a flexible plant cultivation medium made of coconut fiber mat and suitable for pot plants, so that The density of the cultivation medium around the roots of the cultivated plants tends to be uniform and the growth quality of the cultivated plants is more uniform.

Thus, in a first aspect, a flexible plant cultivating medium in the form of a sheet and made of coir fibers is disclosed herein, the flexibility The plant cultivation medium is soaked in a diluted aqueous solution of calcium hypochloride by a glue-free raw coir mat or sheet. The flexible plant cultivation medium obtained after soaking has an increased volume and a reduced electrical conductivity (EC) compared to the glueless crude coconut fiber mat or sheet. ), reduced sodium, potassium and phosphorus levels, and an increased calcium content.

In a second aspect, there is disclosed a potting method for a plant having a root ball part, the method comprising: wrapping the flexible plant cultivation medium as described above An outer peripheral surface of the root portion of the plant is covered, and the root ball portion of the plant and the flexible plant cultivation medium are placed together in an empty cultivation pot.

In a third aspect, there is disclosed a method for an upper basin for a plant having a ball portion, comprising: coating a peripheral surface of one of the root portions of the plant with a flexible plant cultivation medium, The flexible plant cultivation medium is produced by immersing a gel-free raw coconut fiber mat or sheet having a density of from about 0.115 g/cm ³ to about 0.125 g/cm ³ in one The diluted calcium hypochlorite aqueous solution is subjected to a period of time such that the flexible plant cultivation medium obtained after soaking has a total volume of more than the total volume of the gel-free crude coconut fiber mat or sheet. 50% to about 55%; and placing the root ball portion of the plant together with the flexible plant cultivation medium into an empty cultivation pot, wherein the flexible plant cultivation medium has a predetermined length, width and thickness, and The flexible plant cultivation medium is capable of filling a space gap existing between an inner peripheral wall surface of one of the empty cultivation pots and an outer peripheral surface of the root ball portion of the plant.

It is to be understood that if any of the previous publications is cited here, the reference does not constitute an acknowledgement that in Taiwan or any other country, the publication forms part of the common general knowledge in the art. .

For the purposes of this disclosure, it will be clearly understood that the term "comprising" means "including but not limited to" and that the words "comprise", "contain", and Variants have a corresponding meaning.

All technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, unless otherwise defined. A person skilled in the art will recognize that many methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described in the present disclosure can be used to practice the invention disclosed herein. Of course, the invention disclosed in this disclosure is in no way limited by the methods and materials described.

As used herein, the term "about", when used in connection with the same stated numerical value or range, means a little more than the stated value or range. Or slightly less, up to a range of ±10% of the stated numerical value or range.

The cultivation method of Phalaenopsis in Taiwan is based on the use of sphagnum moss as a cultivation medium, and the sapwood covered with blue seedling roots should be squeezed to a certain degree of compaction before entering the basin. However, why is it necessary to tighten the water moss? There is no theoretical explanation at present, and there is no clear standard for the standard of firmness of the water moss. In addition, operators who have been engaged in the planting of Phalaenopsis for a long time often suffer from occupational injuries that cause finger joint injuries because they often need to handle nearly 1,000 strains of Lancang liters per day, which makes it increasingly difficult for the cultivators to recruit operators. Moreover, due to the different application force of each operator, even the water moss tightness of the Lanmiao pot from the same Phalaenopsis producer will be different, which results in a difference in the water retention capacity of the Lanmian pot. The Lan Miao factory needs experienced operators to replenish water according to the actual condition of the Lan Miao pot every time it is watered, which makes the watering management very inefficient.

In the early years of the high-pressure reproduction of flower crops such as roses, the applicant also used the water moss as a medium. From the experience, it was found that the water-soler firmness of the high-pressure seedlings is to control not to inhale too much water when it rains, but not to rain for a long time. It is also possible to retain moisture without being evaporated. However, the amount of water moss content during operation becomes a key factor in whether or not a solid water moss ball can be encased. In order to be able to pack a solid water moss ball, the water moss content used in the operation becomes a key factor, which is exactly the same as the cultivation principle of the moth orchid as the cultivation medium. Through the experience of high-pressure roses, the applicant learned that to achieve a stable and tight water moss coating, it is necessary to press the sphagnum into a relatively firm sphagnum moss strip and then wrap the root of the orchid seedling, and then plant it at the same time. Excess water is squeezed out to achieve a preset water moss firmness. Therefore, in the early days of the development of the automatic upper basin device of Lanmiao, the applicant used the pre-formed water moss tablets as the design basis. However, the stability of the source and quality of sphagnum has gradually become a worry in the flower industry. It has become a top priority to develop a stable and inexpensive alternative to cultivation media.

The coconut fiber, one of the agricultural wastes, has been studied by the applicant because it is easy to obtain, cheap and biodegradable, and a mixed medium planting piece and a method for preparing the same are disclosed in TW 201507599 A, wherein the mixed medium planting piece is The coconut fiber carpet and the shredded cotton are used, and the water moss layer can be further sandwiched between the two coconut fiber carpet layers to form a collection of coconut fiber blankets.

Later, in the process of developing the cultivation medium made of coconut fiber, the applicant found that the coconut fiber carpet has a fairly stable and similar sphagnum physical and chemical properties after being soaked with a bleaching powder (calcium hypochlorite) solution. And the coconut fiber blanket soaked in the aqueous solution of calcium hypochlorite is flexible and bendable and flexible. When it is used to wrap the root ball of the blue seedling, it is not necessary to use human water to squeeze it like the moss. Compact processing. Therefore, the Applicant has further developed a sheet of coconut fiber treated with calcium hypochlorite soak as a cultivation medium for plants, particularly for flower crops with fleshy roots, such as orchids and Araceae.

Thus, a flexible plant cultivation medium having a sheet shape and made of coconut fiber and having both air permeability and water retention capacity is disclosed, which is obtained by using a gel-free crude material. The coconut fiber mat or sheet is immersed in a diluted aqueous calcium hypochlorite solution for a period of time such that the flexible plant cultivation medium obtained after soaking is compared to the non-gelled crude coconut fiber mat or The sheet has an increased volume, a reduced electrical conductivity (EC) value, a reduced sodium, potassium and phosphorus content, and an increased calcium content.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the flexible plant cultivation medium further has an increased pH value as compared to the gelless coarse coconut fiber mat or sheet.

According to the disclosure of the present disclosure, the diluted calcium hypochlorite aqueous solution used to soak the gel-free crude coconut fiber mat or sheet is about 500 to 5000 times the weight of calcium hypochlorite in an amount (more) It is formed by diluting calcium hypochlorite with water of 1000 to 2000 times, more preferably 1500 times.

According to the disclosure of the present disclosure, after the calcium hypochlorite soaking treatment, the flexible plant cultivation medium preferably has a total volume of more than the total volume of the gelless coarse coconut fiber mat or sheet. From 30% to about 100%, more preferably from about 40% to about 80%, still more preferably from about 45% to about 60%. According to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the flexible plant cultivation medium has a total volume of from about 50% to about 55% greater than the total volume of the gum-free, coarse coconut fiber mat or sheet.

According to the disclosure of the present invention, the flexible plant cultivation medium preferably has a content of not less than 30% to about 60% (more preferably not less than 35% to about 60%) after the calcium hypochlorite immersion treatment. Water retention. According to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the flexible plant cultivation medium has a water retention capacity of not less than about 40% to about 50%.

According to the disclosure of the present invention, the flexible plant cultivation medium obtained after the calcium hypochlorite immersion treatment has a near-neutral pH value compared to the gum-free crude coconut fiber mat or sheet.

According to the disclosure of the present invention, the flexible plant cultivation medium obtained after the calcium hypochlorite immersion treatment has an EC value of not more than 1.00 as compared with the rubber-free crude coconut fiber mat or sheet.

According to the disclosure of the present invention, the flexible plant cultivation medium obtained after the calcium hypochlorite immersion treatment has a sodium content of not more than 1000 ppm, preferably compared to the rubber-free crude coconut fiber mat or sheet. Not more than 500 ppm, more preferably 400 to 500 ppm.

According to the disclosure of the present invention, the flexible plant cultivation medium obtained after the soaking treatment with calcium hypochlorite has a potassium content of not more than 0.50% by weight, preferably compared to the non-gelled coarse coconut fiber mat or sheet. It is from about 0.15 wt% to about 0.30 wt%, more preferably from about 0.15 wt% to about 0.25 wt%.

According to the disclosure of the present invention, the flexible plant cultivation medium obtained after the soaking treatment with calcium hypochlorite has a phosphorus content of not more than 0.50 wt%, preferably compared to the gelless coarse coconut fiber mat or sheet. It is from about 0.15 wt% to about 0.35 wt%, more preferably from about 0.20 wt% to about 0.30 wt%.

According to the disclosure of the present invention, the flexible plant cultivation medium obtained after the calcium hypochlorite immersion treatment has a calcium content of not less than 0.50 wt%, compared to the rubber-free crude coconut fiber mat or sheet. It is preferably from about 0.60 wt% to about 0.80 wt%, more preferably from about 0.70 wt% to about 0.80 wt%.

According to the disclosure of the present invention, the flexible plant cultivation medium preferably has a porosity of not less than 80% to about 95% after the calcium hypochlorite immersion treatment. More preferably, the flexible plant cultivation medium has a porosity of from about 85% to about 90%.

According to the disclosure of the present invention, the glueless coarse coconut fiber mat is manufactured by needle punching natural fluffy filamentous coir fibers to form a needle mat. (needle-punched mat), followed by compacting and heating the needle pad. Natural fluffy filamentous coir fibers have a measured density of about 0.66 g/cm ³ .

According to the disclosure of the present invention, during the manufacture of the gum-free raw coconut fiber mat, heating is carried out at a temperature of about 80 ° C to kill microorganisms and fungi.

According to the present disclosure, the gum-free green coconut fiber mat obtained after pressurization and heating has a thickness of about 1 cm and a density of about 0.115 g/cm ³ to about 0.125 g/cm ³ .

According to the disclosure of the present disclosure, the glueless coarse coconut fiber mat obtained after pressurization and heating is usually a large rectangular shape of a large coconut fiber mat, and is usually like a tatami mat or a single mattress. size. Therefore, the gelless coarse coconut fiber mat can be cut before or after soaking with the diluted aqueous calcium hypochlorite solution to form a smaller size-sized coir sheet. It is preferably a parallelogram, more preferably a rectangle.

According to the disclosure of the present disclosure, the glueless coarse coconut fiber mat obtained after pressurization and heating is preferably first cut into a smaller size coconut fiber sheet, and then subjected to calcium hypochlorite soaking treatment. The flexible plant cultivation medium thus obtained has a predetermined size large enough to completely surround the outer peripheral surface of the root ball portion of a plant, whereby the root ball portion is surrounded by the coating to be flexible The plant of the sexual plant cultivation medium can be directly loaded into an empty cultivation pot having an inner peripheral wall surface which is wider than the outer peripheral surface of the root portion of the plant.

Therefore, according to the disclosure of the present disclosure, the glueless coarse coconut fiber mat obtained after pressurization and heating can be cut into a suitable size according to the selected plant cultivation pot, followed by calcium hypochlorite soaking treatment. . The flexible plant cultivation medium thus obtained has a predetermined length, width and thickness sufficient to fill a space gap existing between the inner peripheral wall surface of one of the empty cultivation pots and the outer peripheral surface of the root ball portion of a plant.

Further disclosed herein is a method for an upper basin for a plant having a ball portion, comprising: coating a peripheral surface of one of the root portions of the plant with a flexible plant cultivation medium as described above, and The root ball portion of the plant is placed in an empty cultivation pot together with the flexible plant cultivation medium.

According to the disclosure of the present invention, the empty cultivation pot has an inner peripheral wall surface which is wider than an outer peripheral surface of the root ball portion of the plant.

According to the disclosure of the present invention, the flexible plant cultivation medium used in the upper pot method has a predetermined length, width and thickness, so that the flexible plant cultivation medium can be filled in the empty cultivation pot. A space gap between the surface of the peripheral wall and the peripheral surface of the root ball portion of the plant.

Further disclosed herein is a method for an upper basin having a plant having a ball portion, comprising: coating a peripheral surface of one of the root portions of the plant with a flexible plant cultivation medium, the flexibility The plant cultivation medium is produced by immersing a gel-free crude coconut fiber mat or sheet having a density of from about 0.115 g/cm ³ to about 0.125 g/cm ³ in a diluted hypochlorite. The calcium acid aqueous solution is subjected to a period of time such that the flexible plant cultivation medium obtained after soaking has a total volume of about 50% to about the total volume of the gum-free crude coconut fiber mat or sheet. 55%; and placing the root ball portion of the plant together with the flexible plant cultivation medium into an empty cultivation pot, wherein the flexible plant cultivation medium has a predetermined length, width and thickness, thereby making the flexible The plant cultivation medium can be filled with a space gap existing between the surface of the inner peripheral wall of one of the empty cultivation pots and the outer peripheral surface of the root ball portion of the plant.

In the process of the upper pot, the water moss should first absorb the water and then cover the root ball of the plant. After putting the cultivation pot, the water moss in the pot should be compacted, and the potted plants that have completed the potting process should wait. Watering can be done after 2 to 3 days. In contrast, the flexible plant cultivation medium obtained according to the disclosure of the present invention can be directly used in the above-mentioned upper pot method, or can be air-dried in a cool place after soaking, and when the above-mentioned upper pot method is to be performed, Directly wrapping the root ball of the plant, or soaking the water to wrap the root ball of the plant, and after being placed in the cultivation pot, do not compact the flexible plant cultivation medium, and complete the upper basin The potted plants of the program can also be watered immediately.

According to the disclosure of the present invention, the plant applied to the above-described upper pot method may be a plant seedling taken out from a tissue culture bottle, and the root portion of the plant contains the bare root of the plant coated with sphagnum moss. (Bearing roots covered with Sphagnum moss), 俾 to protect plant bare roots from direct contact with the flexible plant cultivation medium.

According to the disclosure of the present invention, the plant applied to the above-described upper pot method may be a plant removed from a smaller-sized cultivation pot which is smaller than the empty cultivation pot, and the root portion of the plant contains the plant root and A growth medium used to grow the plant in the smaller sized cultivation pot.

For example, when a blue vase seed taken out of a tissue culture bottle is planted in a 1.7-inch pot, a little water moss can be used to wrap the tender young roots, and one piece is originally 1x3x14 cm ³ in size. The flexible plant material which is formed after the crude coconut fiber sheet of the glue is used for the calcium hypochlorite immersion treatment is wrapped, and the bottle covered by the root ball can be put into a 1.7 inch blue The pot is used for subsequent cultivation. When a 1.7-inch pot of saplings cultivated with sphagnum is to be raised to a 2.5-inch pot, a piece of crude coconut fiber sheet of the original size of 1x6x18 cm ³ can be used for calcium hypochlorite soaking. The flexible plant cultivation medium obtained thereafter was used to directly wrap a root ball portion of a blue seedling taken out from a 1.7-inch pot, and then placed in a 2.5-inch blue pot for subsequent cultivation. When a 1.7-inch pot of saplings cultivated with sphagnum is to be literated to a 3.0-inch pot, 1.5 pieces of crude coconut fiber sheets of the original size of 1x7x20 cm ³ can be used for calcium hypochlorite soaking. The flexible plant cultivation medium obtained thereafter was used to directly wrap a root ball portion of a blue seedling taken out from a 1.7-inch pot, and then placed in a 3.0-inch blue pot for subsequent cultivation. When a 2.5-inch pot of saplings cultivated with sphagnum is to be raised to a 3.5-inch pot, a piece of crude coconut fiber sheet with a size of 1x8x28 cm ³ can be used for calcium hypochlorite treatment. The flexible plant cultivation medium is formed to directly wrap a root bulb of a blue seedling taken from a 2.5 inch pot, and then placed in a 3.5 inch blue pot for subsequent cultivation.

According to the disclosure of the present invention, the plant to which the method of applying the upper pot can be a flower crop, in particular a flower crop having a fleshy root, such as a orchid plant or a day plant of the south star family. In a preferred embodiment, the flower crop is a orchid plant, such as Phalaenopsis or Orchid. In another preferred embodiment, the flower crop is a day of plants of the south star family, for example, a plant belonging to the genus Anthurium , such as flamingo flowers, or a plant belonging to the genus Monstera , such as a turtle.芋, or a plant belonging to the genus Dieffenbachia , such as eucalyptus leaves, or a plant belonging to the genus Aglaonema , such as red burdock.

According to the disclosure of the present invention, when the empty cultivation pot used in the above-described upper pot method has a drainage hole at the bottom, the above-mentioned plant cultivation medium or a water moss ball can be used to seal the drainage hole, thereby slowing down The liquid fertilizer or water poured from the flower crop is rapidly lost from the drain hole after completion of the upper pot method.

Applicants have found from experiments that the flexible plant cultivation medium obtained according to the disclosure of the present invention has physical and chemical properties comparable to or better than sphagnum moss, and allows the experimental plants to grow well, not only as colonization or The cultivation medium of the liter process can also be used as a cutting medium. In application, one or more pieces of the flexible plant cultivation medium obtained according to the disclosure of the present invention may be manually wrapped outside the root of the plant root, and then directly placed into a cultivation pot of a selected size. Cultivation is carried out internally.

The Applicant has also found that the flexible plant cultivation medium obtained according to the disclosure of the present invention has excellent flexibility characteristics and can stand in an upright direction and be wrapped around the root ball of the plant. outer. Instance

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are to be construed as illustrative and not to be construed as limiting.

Unless otherwise stated, in the examples below, each experiment was repeated 3 times, and the experimental results are expressed as mean.

Unless otherwise stated, the coconut fiber mat and the coconut fiber sheet used in the following examples were weighed after drying at 80 ° C for 72 hours.

The sphagnum used in the examples below was imported from Chile unless otherwise stated. Example 1. Preparation of plant cultivation medium using coconut fiber mat

Applicants utilize a coconut fiber mat typically used to make coir mattresses to prepare a cultivation medium suitable for potted succulent root plants. At present, the manufacturing technology of various types of coconut fiber mats sold on the market has been for decades, and thus the stability of product quality is high. In addition, commercially available coconut fiber mats have the shape of gel processing to shape the coconut fiber mat. However, in the disclosure of the present disclosure, the coconut fiber mat used to prepare the plant cultivation medium is not subjected to a gumming treatment.

In the disclosure of the present application, the glueless coarse coconut fiber mat used in the examples is purchased from a Taiwanese manufacturer, and its manufacturing method is roughly as follows: first, a machine is used to needle the natural fluffy filamentous coconut fiber to form a The needle pad is then pressed and compacted to dry and sterilize at a high temperature of about 80 ° C or higher to form a large rectangular shape and a large coconut fiber mat having a thickness of about 1 cm, and the size is usually like a The size of a tatami or a single mattress. The coconut fiber has a density of about 0.66 g/cm ³ , and the gum-free coarse coconut fiber mat made of it has a density of between about 0.115 and 0.125 g/cm ³ .

According to the disclosure of the present invention, in preparing the plant cultivation medium, the original large-sized rectangular rough coconut fiber mat is cut into small-sized elongate sheets according to the size of the cultivation pot body. For example, when used to pot a 3 inch pot of orchid seedlings, the coconut fiber mat can be cut into 1 x 7 x 20 cm ³ of coarse coir sheets, and the coarse coconut fiber sheets are soaked in The aqueous solution of calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl) ₂ : tap water = 1:1500, w/w) can be used to allow the total volume of the coarse coconut fiber sheets to expand to about 1.5 to 1.55 times, and then taken out. These soaked coconut fiber sheets. The length of the soaking time can be determined by measuring the total volume change of the coconut fiber sheet, that is, by drying the coarse coconut fiber sheet before soaking at 80 ° C and soaking the coconut fiber sheet after a selected period of time. And comparing the total volume of the two, so that the total volume of the latter reaches about 1.5 to 1.55 times of the former soaking time is the optimum soaking time of various sizes of coarse coconut fiber sheets. For a large piece of coconut fiber mat, calcium hypochlorite can be soaked for 16 hours or overnight, while coconut fiber sheets that have been cut into small sizes can be soaked for 10 minutes to 2 hours. According to the disclosure of the present disclosure, the coconut fiber sheet taken out after the completion of the calcium hypochlorite soaking treatment can be directly applied to the plant potting operation, or placed in a cool place to be air-dried for subsequent application.

Taking the cultivation of orchid seedlings as an example, in order to facilitate the lifting process of the blue seedlings, the rubber-free crude coconut fiber mat can be cut into a non-gelled coarse coconut fiber sheet having the size shown in Table 1, and then The non-gelled crude coconut fiber sheets are immersed in an aqueous calcium hypochlorite solution until the total volume of the coconut fiber sheets is expanded to about 1.5 to 1.55 times and then taken out. Table 1. Dimensions of coconut fiber sheets (approximately 1 cm thick) for the colonization/literation procedure of Lanmiao Example 2. Chemical analysis of plant cultivation media made from coconut fiber mat

In this example, the calcium hypochlorite soaked coconut fiber sheet (experimental group) prepared in Example 1 was subjected to various chemical analysis including pH value, EC value, and replacement elements (Na, P, K). Determination of the content of Ca, Mg and ) to evaluate whether the coconut fiber sheet treated with calcium hypochlorite is suitable as a plant cultivation medium. For comparison, the crude coconut fiber sheet (Control 1) and the sphagnum (Control 2) described in Example 1 without calcium hypochlorite soaking were also subjected to the same analysis. A. Determination of pH and EC value:

Place 2.5 g of the dried test sample in a covered centrifuge tube, add 40 mL of deionized water, and then cover for 1 hour (100 rpm, amplitude 5 cm, TW3-12 reciprocating oscillating machine, Xiangtai Seiki Co., Ltd.). After the material has settled, the EC value of Shangcheng liquid is determined by hand-held conductivity meter SC-110 (Shangtai Instrument Co., Ltd., Taiwan), and then determined by EZDO PH5011 pH meter (Diaoxiong Instrument, Taiwan). The pH of the supernatant. B. Determination of the content of replacement elements (Na, P, K, Ca and Mg):

Place 4 g of the dried test sample in a covered centrifuge tube, add 50 mL of 1N ammonium acetate (NH ₄ OAc) in water (pH 7.0), and then shake for 1 hour (100 rpm, amplitude 5 cm, TW3- 12-type reciprocating oscillating machine). Thereafter, suction filtration was performed using a Whatman No. 42 filter paper, and the filtrate was collected in a high-density PE plastic bottle for determination of the contents of elements P, K, Ca, and Mg, wherein:

The content of the element P was determined by the Vanadate-Molybdate Yellow Method by adding 1 mL of molybdenum yellow reagent to 4 mL of the test filtrate (1000 mL of reagent containing 22.5 g of (NH ₄ ) ₆ Mo ₇ O ₂₄ • 4H ₂ O, 1.25 g of NH ₄ VO ₃ , 250 mL of concentrated HNO ₃ , and the balance of deionized water), allowed to stand for 30 minutes after mixing, and then used photoelectric colorimeter (BAUSCH) & LOMB Spectronic 21 spectrophotometer) to determine the absorbance at 470 nm, and then to calculate the elements of each test sample based on a standard curve (0 to 50 ppm element P) prepared with different concentrations of KH ₂ PO _{4 (aq)} P content;

For the determination of the content of element K and element Mg, 0.1 mL of the filtrate was taken out and mixed uniformly with 4.9 mL of deionized water (ie, diluted 50 times), and then Varian AA. 20 atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Varian AA. 20 atomic absorption spectrophotometer) ) to perform the determination;

For the determination of the elemental Ca content, remove 0.1 mL of the filtrate to mix with 3.9 mL of deionized water and 1 mL of 5% lanthanum oxide (formulated with deionized water), then Varian AA. 20 atoms. The spectrometer was used for the measurement.

For the determination of the content of elemental Na, take 1.0 g of the dried test sample, add 20 mL of deionized water, and after 1 hour of shaking (100 rpm, amplitude 5 cm, TW3-12 reciprocating oscillating machine), use The B722 LAQUAtwin Compact Sodium Ion Meter (HORIBA, Ltd., USA) was used to read the sodium ion content value, and the measured value was multiplied by the dilution factor to obtain the sodium ion concentration of the 1.0 g test sample.

The experimental results of the chemical analysis described above are summarized in Table 2. Table 2. Chemistry of coconut fiber sheets (experimental group) treated with calcium hypochlorite and crude coconut fiber sheets (control group 1) and Chilean water moss (control group 2) without immersion with calcium hypochlorite Comparison of nature Note: The content of the replacement element is based on the dry weight of the analyzed coconut fiber sheet and sphagnum moss.

Before the immersion treatment with calcium hypochlorite, the EC value of the crude coconut fiber sheet is too high, and the sodium, potassium, and phosphorus contents are too high, and it is not suitable as a plant cultivation medium. However, referring to Table 2, the calcium hypochlorite immersion treatment greatly changed the chemical properties of the crude coconut fiber sheet, in which the EC value was greatly reduced from 1.659 mS/cm to 0.409 except for the pH value from 5.7 to 7.1. mS/cm, the sodium content was greatly reduced from 2213.3 ppm to 433.3 ppm, the potassium and phosphorus content was also reduced to about 1/6 of the original content, and the calcium content was increased by about 7 times or even higher than the moss. Calcium content. In addition to an increase in pH, the calcium silicate sheet soaked with calcium hypochlorite has a chemical similar to sphagnum moss.

Because coconut fiber from India and Southeast Asia usually has high sodium problems, calcium hypochlorite soaking treatment can effectively reduce the sodium content of coconut fiber and increase the calcium content, which is beneficial to the growth of plant roots. In addition, the cultivation medium of cultivated Phalaenopsis will gradually become acidified with the cultivation time. When the cultivation medium has a high initial pH, the time course of the cultivation medium becoming excessively acidified can be elongated. From the experimental results shown in Table 2, the calcium hypochlorite immersion treatment changed the chemical properties of the gelless crude coconut fiber sheet to be more advantageous than the water moss. Example 3. Physical properties of plant cultivation media made from coconut fiber mats

This example was carried out by analyzing the physical properties of the calcium hypochlorite soaked coconut fiber sheet (experimental group) prepared in Example 1, including density, porosity, and water-holding capacity. WHC), to evaluate whether coconut fiber sheets treated with calcium hypochlorite immersion are suitable as plant cultivation media. For comparison, the gel-free crude coconut fiber sheet (control group) which was not soaked with calcium hypochlorite was also analyzed simultaneously.

In the physical property analysis, the analytical material is cut into different sizes (14 × 3 × 1 cm ³ , 18 × 6 × 1 cm ³ , 20 × 7 × 1 cm ³ , 28 × 8 × 1 cm ³ ) and modeled The state package is filled in a cultivation pot having different sizes (1.7-inch, 2.5-inch, 3.0-inch, 3.5-inch), and then according to the drying weight, volume and analytical material of the analytical material filled in each of the cultivation pots. The weight afterwards is calculated in the following manner: 1. Density (g/mL) = dry weight of the analytical material 体积 volume of the analytical material; 2. porosity (%) = (volume of gravity water + water retention) Volume) / volume of analysis material × 100%; and 3. water retention capacity (%) = (weight of retained water) / (weight of gravity water + weight of retained water) × 100%, where the volume of water is water The density is 1 g/mL to convert the weight of water.

In the test, the drainage hole at the bottom of the cultivation pot body is first sealed with tape, and then the analytical material is wrapped and filled in the cultivation pot body and weighed. After that, the water is poured into the cultivation pot to submerge the analysis material and the air is squeezed out. After recording the water level position of the cultivation material in the cultivation basin, the tape of the closed drainage hole is removed and collected and weighed by gravity. The amount of water discharged from the drain hole, that is, the weight of gravity water. After the water is discharged from the drainage hole, the pot body is weighed again. The weight of the second scale minus the weight of the first scale is the weight of the retained water. After taking out the analytical material from the cultivation pot, seal the drain at the bottom of the cultivation pot and pour the water until it reaches the water level record in the basin, and then measure the amount of water that is poured. This is the volume of the pot. . The volume of the cultivation pot minus the volume of gravity water and retained water is the volume of the analytical material wrapped in the cultivation pot.

After measurement, the gel-free crude coconut fiber sheet (control group) without calcium hypochlorite soaking and the calcium fiber sheet immersed by calcium hypochlorite (experimental group) had an average of about 0.121 g/ The densities of the mL and 0.078 g/mL (according to the dry weight and volume of the analytical material), and the porosity and water retention data measured by the two in different size pots were collected in Table 3. Table 3. Comparison of physical properties of coconut fiber sheet (experimental group) treated with calcium hypochlorite immersion and gelatin-free coconut fiber sheet (control group) without calcium hypochlorite immersion treatment

As is clear from Table 3, the porosity of the coconut fiber sheet treated by the calcium hypochlorite immersion is quite stable and does not change significantly due to the size of the cultivation pot. Compared with other sizes of cultivated pots, the control group exhibited a high water retention capacity of 40.8% in the 1.7-inch pot. This may be due to the height of the coconut fiber sheet affecting the drainage, the high drainage is good, and the 1.7 inch The height of the coconut fiber sheet used in the pot is not sufficient, so that the drainage force is deteriorated and the water retaining power is increased.

In addition, although the calcium hypochlorite immersion treatment increased the volume of the coconut fiber sheet to 1.5 to 1.55 times, the porosity of the coconut fiber sheet was not drastically changed, but the water retention capacity of the coconut fiber sheet was Significantly improved, it can reach more than 40% in the condition of using 4 different sizes of cultivation pots. Previous studies have been conducted on the cultivation of Phalaenopsis with a siphonic irrigation device. It has been found that when the water content of the water moss is 40%, the growth of the orchid is better than the treatment of 20%, 60% or 80% of the water content of the water moss. (Chen Guangkai (2013), “Impact of constant water-saving cultivation on the quality of Phalaenopsis seedlings”, special issue of the seminar on enhancing the international competitiveness of Taiwanese flowers, Taiwan Horticultural Association, Department of Horticulture, Chiayi University, pp. 35-48). The experimental data in Tables 2 and 3 clearly show that the coconut fiber sheet treated with calcium hypochlorite immersion exhibits chemical properties and water retention similar to those of sphagnum moss, and should be substituted for sphagnum moss as a plant cultivation medium. Example 4. Effect of plant cultivation medium made from coconut fiber mat on cultivation of Phalaenopsis

In order to verify that the coconut fiber sheet immersed in calcium hypochlorite can replace the sphagnum moss as a plant cultivation medium, this example uses the calcium hypochlorite soaked coconut fiber sheet prepared according to the example 1 to carry out the moth orchid ( Phal . Sogo Yukidian 'V3') The colonization procedure, the ascending procedure and the flowering procedure were compared with the growth of Phalaenopsis using the blue pots using the sphagnum as a cultivation medium. The test group is shown in Table 4. Table 4. Test groups for colonization, ascent procedure and flowering experiments of Phalaenopsis ( Phal . Sogo Yukidian 'V3') ¹ Note 1: The test Lan Miao is Phal. Sogo Yukidian 'V3'. The average seedlings have two leaves and one heart. The average seedlings of 1.7-inch pots have 3~4 leaves, and the average seedlings of 2.5-inch pots have 5~6 leaves; The 3.5-inch pot of orchid seedlings has an average of 6-7 leaves. Note 2: When removing the bottle from the culture bottle, first cover the root with a little water moss to avoid damage to the root fiber directly touching the coconut fiber sheet. Note 3: Use the new cultivation medium for the colonization/literation procedure of the blue basin, 1.7-inch pots, 2.5-inch pots and 3.5-inch pots. Each pot uses 1 piece of 14×3×1 cm ³ and 18×6×1 cm ^{3 respectively.} And a 28 x 10 x 1 cm ³ calcium silicate sheet soaked with calcium hypochlorite. Note 4: Lanmiao (control group) using sphagnum moss as a cultivation medium was carried out in accordance with the daily operations of the US branch of the company. Note 5: The Lan Miao planting test uses a transparent plastic soft basin for orchids made in Taiwan. Note 6: Disease control during the experiment is carried out according to site requirements. Note 7: Before the experiment, the sphagnum and coconut fiber sheets are soaked in water and drained, and then planted or upgraded. The blue fiber seedlings (experimental group) using the calcium silicate sheet soaked with calcium hypochlorite as the rising medium were watered on the day of completion of the lifting process, and the blue seedling using the water moss as the rising medium (control group) Watering the next day.

In Test I, the cultivation management methods of Lanmian pots are as follows: 1. The control group (using water moss as a medium): According to the current management method of the US-based Sanhao Agricultural Co., Ltd. Taiwan Branch, ie 1.7 inches, 2.5 Or 3.5-inch pots are filled with liquid fertilizer 3 days after planting, and then every 10~12, 15~18 or 19~22 days (depending on weather demand), the liquid fertilizer is applied once, and after 3 times of application of liquid fertilizer, it is changed. Wash the RO water once. 2. Experimental group (with coconut fiber sheet soaked with calcium hypochlorite as a new medium): Lanmiao can be applied with liquid fertilizer every other day after completion of planting or lifting, to avoid leaf yellowing and withering The fertilizer was applied to Huabao No. 2, 20-20-20 (N: P ₂ O ₅ : K ₂ O), calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate and trace elements, and the EC value was 0.5. Every time it is watered, it is all wet. During the experiment, the liquid fertilizer irrigation frequency and rinsing frequency of Lan Miao are shown in Table 5. Table 5. Lantern liquid fertilizer irrigation frequency and elution frequency using the coconut fiber sheet for the colonization or ascent procedure in Test I

The experimental group of Lancang pots in Test I was continued to be tested II, wherein the experimental groups 4A and 5A shown in Table 4 were the 1.7-inch pots and 2.5-inch pots of the experimental group 1A and 2A, respectively. To the 2.5-inch pot and the 3.5-inch pot, and the experimental group 6A shown in Table 4 is to transfer the 3.5-inch pot orchid seedling of the experimental group 3A into the flower-cooling room for the flowering operation.

In Test IIA, the cultivation management method of Lan Miao, which was subjected to the ascending process, was substantially the same as that of Test I, and fertilized according to Table 5, and the fertilization management of Lan Miao, which was subjected to the flowering procedure, was in accordance with the US Sanhao Agricultural Co., Ltd. The operating room of the Taiwan branch of the company, the application of fertilizer for Peters No. 1 15-10-30 (N: P ₂ O ₅ : K ₂ O), calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate and trace elements, EC value of 1.0 (Irrigation water source is tap water), the fertilization frequency is shown in Table 6. Table 6. Lantern liquid fertilizer irrigation frequency and elution frequency using the coconut fiber sheet for the flowering procedure in Test IIB

In Test I and Test II, the survey method of Lan Miao is as follows: A. First, the difference between each treatment group is presented by photograph, and the survey is conducted every 30 days after the completion of the colonization/literation procedure. : 1) Number of leaves: all leaves of the plant; 2) Number of new roots: number of roots out of the cultivation medium; 3) Maximum leaf length: the largest one selected for mature leaves; 4) Maximum leaf width: the largest one selected for mature leaves; 5) blade aspect ratio; and 6) double leaf width. B. Add the following survey items 120 days after the completion of the colonization/literation procedure: 1) The coarsest root diameter: the root diameter is measured using an electronic vernier caliper; and 2) The longest root length: the longest root. C. In Tests IIA and IIB, the replacement method is additionally used to measure the change of EC value and pH value in the culture medium before and after pouring the liquid fertilizer or water. The operation steps are as follows: liquid fertilizer or water is carried out according to Table 5 or Table 6. Watering, and before and after watering, the 2.5-inch blue seedling pot and the 3.5-inch blue seedling pot are immersed in 520 mL and 1900 mL RO water for 1 hour, respectively, and then the container is used to hold the dripping water, then the EC meter and pH. The meter is measured. D. In addition to Test IIB, the flowering traits of 3.5-inch potted orchid seedlings (experimental group 6A in Table 4) transferred to the flower-cooling house were investigated. The survey items included: 1) Number of leaves: all leaves of plants; 2) Maximum Ye Chang: Select the largest one for mature leaf measurement; 3) Maximum leaf width: measure the largest one for mature leaves; 4) Number of days required for stalking; 5) Number of days required for stalking to flowering; 6) Length of peduncle; 7) Length of inflorescence 8) the number of flowers; and 9) the size of the flower. Experimental results:

Figure 1, Figure 2, and Tables 7 and 8 show that Phalaenopsis seedlings ( Phal. Sogo Yukidian 'V3') in Experiment I were planted in different sizes of plastic soft pots in different culture mediums through 30, 60, 90, Growth conditions after 120 days and 130 days, in terms of the number of leaves, there was no significant difference between the treatment groups of the three sizes of orchid seedlings; in terms of leaf aspect ratio, in addition to the 1.7-inch pot orchid seedlings, The size of the blue seedling pots shows that the blue seedlings using the water moss as the cultivation medium have a large leaf aspect ratio, and the leaves of the blue seedlings using the coconut fiber sheet soaked with calcium hypochlorite as the cultivation medium are used. It grows shorter and more tidy; in terms of the number of new roots, after 120 days of planting, there is little difference between the treatment groups of the three sizes of orchid seedlings; and in terms of the longest root length, except for the 3.5-inch pot In addition to blue seedlings, other sizes of orchid seedlings have shown that the use of coconut fiber sheets soaked with calcium hypochlorite as a cultivation medium has a longest root length value. In addition, the number of new roots measured after 120 days using the coconut fiber sheet immersed in calcium hypochlorite as the cultivation medium is higher than that of the blue seedling planted with sphagnum moss, which shows the root of the plant. It can be easily grown through a sheet of coconut fiber soaked with calcium hypochlorite. Table 7. Phalaenopsis seedlings ( Phal. Sogo Yukidian 'V3') planted in 1.7, 2.5 and 3.5 inch pots with different cultivation media ^* , observed in 30, 60, 90, 120 days after the orchid seedlings and Root growth status (test I) ^* : The experimental group was a coconut fiber sheet treated with calcium hypochlorite, and the control group was sphagnum moss. Table 8. Cultivation medium for colonization/literal procedures ^* Growth effects of Phalaenopsis seedlings ( Phal. Sogo Yukidian 'V3') planted in 1.7, 2.5 and 3.5 inch pots (Test I) ^* : The experimental group was a coconut fiber sheet treated with calcium hypochlorite, and the control group was sphagnum moss. ^** : The test was conducted after 120 days of completion of the colonization/literation procedure.

In the riser procedure of Test IIA, the EC value and pH value of the culture medium in the pot were measured using a displacement method before and after watering (liquid fertilizer or water). Referring to Table 9 and Figure 3, the EC value of the water moss in 2.5 and 3.5 inch pots after irrigation is about 0.20-0.47, while the EC value of the calcium hypochlorite-treated coconut fiber sheet after watering is 0.07. -0.30. In addition, the pH values of the water moss in 2.5 and 3.5 inch pots before and after watering (liquid fertilizer or water) are between 4.33-5.30, while the pH of the coconut fiber sheet soaked with calcium hypochlorite is 4.60- 5.57, this shows that the coconut fiber sheet immersed in calcium hypochlorite can elongate the time course of acidification of the cultivation medium. Table 9. Phalaenopsis seedlings ( Phal. Sogo Yukidian 'V3') planted in 2.5-inch pots with different cultivation media ^* , EC values and pH values detected before and after watering (liquid fertilizer or water ^** ) Test IIA) ^* : The experimental group was a coconut fiber sheet treated with calcium hypochlorite, and the control group was sphagnum moss. ^** : According to Table 5, the liquid fertilizer or water is watered.

In the flowering procedure of Test IIB, the EC value and pH value of the culture medium in the 3.5-inch orchid seedling pot were measured using a displacement method before and after watering (liquid fertilizer or water). Referring to Table 10, the EC value of the water moss after watering is between 0.20 and 0.43, and the EC fiber sheet after soaking with calcium hypochlorite has an EC value of between 0.13 and 0.23 after watering. In addition, the pH value of the water moss before and after watering (liquid fertilizer or water) is between 3.97 and 4.23, while the pH of the coconut fiber sheet treated with calcium hypochlorite is between 4.20 and 5.37. between. Table 10. Phalaenopsis seedlings ( Phal. Sogo Yukidian 'V3') were cultivated in 3.5-inch pots with different cultivation media ^* for the flowering process (test IIB) before and after watering (liquid fertilizer or water ^** ) EC value and pH change detected ^* : The experimental group was a coconut fiber sheet treated with calcium hypochlorite, and the control group was sphagnum moss. ^** : According to Table 6, the liquid fertilizer or water is watered.

From the experimental data shown in Table 9, FIG. 3 and Table 10, it can be seen that the EC value of the coconut fiber sheet treated with the calcium hypochlorite immersion on the cultivation medium as the blue seedling is lower than the EC value of the water moss. In addition, during the cultivation process, the pH values of the coconut fiber sheet and the sphagnum sulphate treated by calcium hypochlorite are relatively stable, and the former is slightly higher than the latter.

Figure 4, Figure 5 and Tables 11 to 13 show that in Test IIA, Phalaenopsis seedlings ( Phal. Sogo Yukidian 'V3') were cultured in different mediums (experimental group: calcium fiber sheets treated with calcium hypochlorite, Control group: sphagnum moss) The growth of leaves and roots of orchid seedlings after 30, 60, 90 and 120 days in 2.5 and 3.5 inch pots. Table 11. Effect of cultivation medium on the growth of Phalaenopsis ( Phal. Sogo Sogo Yukidian 'V3') planted in a 2.5-inch pot (Test IIA) ^* : The experimental group was a coconut fiber sheet treated with calcium hypochlorite, and the control group was sphagnum moss. Table 12. Effect of cultivation medium on the growth of Phalaenopsis ( Phal. Sogo Sogo Yukidian 'V3') planted in 3.5-inch pots (Test IIA) ^* : The experimental group was a coconut fiber sheet treated with calcium hypochlorite, and the control group was sphagnum moss. Table 13. Effect of cultivation medium on root growth of Phalaenopsis seedlings (Phal. Sogo Sogo Yukidian 'V3') planted in 2.5 and 3.5 inch pots after 120 days (Test IIA) ^* : The experimental group was a coconut fiber sheet treated with calcium hypochlorite, and the control group was sphagnum moss.

For the 2.5-inch pot orchid seedlings, the leaf numbers of the two treatment groups were not significantly different (Table 11), among which: in terms of leaf aspect ratio, the blue seedlings using the water moss as the cultivation medium were high (Table 11); In terms of the number of new roots, after 120 days of cultivation, the orchid seedlings using the sphagnum moss as the cultivation medium were high (Table 11 and Table 13), but the hypochlorous acid was used in terms of the coarsest root diameter and the longest root length. The calcium-treated coconut fiber sheet was high as a cultivation medium (Table 11).

In the case of 3.5-inch pot orchid seedlings, the orchid seedling cultivation period of test IIA is in the period of high temperature in summer and good period of pathogenic bacteria, and the frequency of watering is increased due to high evapotranspiration rate, and the seedlings are cultivated for 60-90 days. The number of leaves is reduced because of the yellow leaf disease. Therefore, the number of leaves observed after 90 days of planting was high for the orchid seedlings using the sphagnum moss as the cultivation medium, and the mulberry yellow leaf disease using the coconut fiber sheet immersed in the calcium hypochlorite as the cultivation medium was used. The number of leaves was low, but after 120 days of planting, there was no significant difference in the number of leaves between the two treatment groups (Table 12); in terms of leaf aspect ratio, the orchid seedlings using the water moss as the cultivation medium were High (Table 12).

In addition, in the early stage of the test IIA, the new roots have not yet grown, and the original old roots have not grown to the pelvic floor. Therefore, the roots of the rose to the 3.5-inch pot have no problem in the roots. When the new root grows to the bottom of the soft basin, the water absorption of the coconut fiber sheet treated by calcium hypochlorite is not as good as that of the water moss, and the watered fertilizer will accumulate on the periphery of the soft basin (the bottom of the soft basin is convex), resulting in The roots of the blue seedlings are immersed in the liquid fertilizer, and the roots are again damaged. In order to improve this situation, after the cultivation for 75 days, the calcium hypochlorite-treated coconut fiber sheet placed on the bottom of the pelvic floor was changed into sphagnum moss, and the number of new orchid seedlings in the 3.5-inch pot showed an upward trend ( Table 12), but when cultivated for 120 days, the number of roots showed a downward trend, which is supposed to be related to the thickness of the sphagnum placed on the pelvic floor and the frequency of watering. In spite of this, in terms of the coarsest root diameter and the longest root length, the blue fiber seedlings using the coconut fiber sheet soaked with calcium hypochlorite as the cultivation medium were high (Table 13).

In trial IIB, the 3.5-inch potted Phalaenopsis seedling ( Phal. Sogo Yukidian 'V3') from Test I was transferred to a flat flowering cold room for flowering experiments and observed for different cultivation media (experimental group: treated with calcium hypochlorite) The effect of the coconut fiber sheet, the control group: sphagnum moss on the flowering performance of the orchid seedlings, the results are shown in Figure 6 and Tables 14 and 15, in which the number of days of stalking, the number of flowering days, the length of stalks between different treatment groups, There was no significant difference in flower length and flower diameter; in terms of number of flowers, double stalk rate and branching rate, orchid seedlings using sphagnum moss as a cultivation medium were high (Table 14 and Table 15). Overall, the difference in cultivation medium had no significant effect on the flowering performance of orchid seedlings. Table 14. Effect of cultivation medium ^* on shoot growth and flowering traits of Phalaenopsis seedlings ( Phal. Sogo Sogo Yukidian 'V3') planted in 3.5-inch pots (Experiment IIB) ^* : The experimental group was a coconut fiber sheet treated with calcium hypochlorite, and the control group was sphagnum moss. Table 15. Effect of cultivation medium ^* on the number of stems, pedicels and branching rate of Phalaenopsis seedlings ( Phal. Sogo Sogo Yukidian 'V3') planted in 3.5-inch pots (Test IIB) ^* : The experimental group was a coconut fiber sheet treated with calcium hypochlorite, and the control group was sphagnum moss.

Summarizing the experimental results of Test I and Test II, in Experiment I, the leaf length-to-width ratio of the seedlings with the sphagnum moss as the cultivation medium was the largest, indicating that the sphagnum cultivation may cause the leaves of the Phalaenopsis to grow long (Table 8). Although the new roots grew better with the sphagnum medium, there was no difference in new root growth after 120 days of cultivation.

In Test IIA, the 3.5-inch pot orchid seedlings using the calcium silicate sheet soaked with calcium hypochlorite as the cultivation medium were damaged by the various factors, the overall growth of the plants and the use of the sphagnum medium. There is no significant difference between the orchids. In trial IIB, the difference in cultivation medium did not result in significant differences in flowering performance of orchid seedlings.

It can be seen from Test I and Test II that compared with the sphagnum moss, the coconut fiber sheet immersed in calcium hypochlorite as the cultivation medium can make the leaves of the mulberry seedlings more round and tidy, and the root zone develops well. . The experimental results of Test I and Test II demonstrate that the coconut fiber sheet immersed in calcium hypochlorite can be used to replace the sphagnum moss. Example 5. Comparison of the effect of coconut fiber sheet treated with hypochlorous acid soaked and coconut fiber sheet soaked with calcium hypochlorite on planting plants

In order to explore whether the coconut fiber sheet not treated with calcium hypochlorite can also be used as a plant cultivation medium and exhibit the same or similar effect of the coconut fiber sheet treated with calcium hypochlorite soaking, the applicant uses according to Example 1. The coconut fiber sheet prepared by the method described in the above manner and not coated with calcium hypochlorite and the coconut fiber sheet soaked with calcium hypochlorite were used to plant plants and Phalaenopsis seedlings and observed.

It can be clearly seen from Fig. 7 that the plant is planted with coconut fiber-pressed pots (above), and the plant roots cannot penetrate the coconut fiber-pressed pots at all, so the coconut fiber-pressed pots are obviously a container rather than a cultivation medium. Secondly, use the coconut fiber sheet (middle) which has not been soaked with calcium hypochlorite to plant the phalaenopsis. The roots of the orchid seedlings are extended by the stems, or the original roots before the pots are changed. It stretches and grows to the periphery of the cultivation pot, which means that the tissue of the coconut fiber sheet which has not been soaked with calcium hypochlorite is too tight to allow the root of the moth orchid to pass through. In contrast, using a piece of coconut fiber immersed in calcium hypochlorite to plant Phalaenopsis, the root can penetrate the coconut fiber sheet soaked with calcium hypochlorite (below), which shows after chemical treatment. The structure of the coconut fiber sheet has been loosened so that the root can penetrate and grow. Therefore, the coconut fiber sheet soaked with calcium hypochlorite can be used as a plant cultivation medium. Example 6. Effect of plant cultivation medium made from coconut fiber mat on potted flower cultivation

In order to further verify that the coconut fiber sheet treated with calcium hypochlorite soaking can be used as a cultivation medium for those flower plants, the applicant uses various plants to carry out the lifting process, and the results are shown in Figs. 8 to 11, wherein Fig. 8 shows The phalaenopsis of the original cultivation medium is sphagnum moss. The root growth of the phalaenopsis sinensis treated with the calcium hypochlorite immersion treatment is carried out for 2 months. Figure 9 shows the country where the original cultivation medium is peanut shell mixed with crushed stone. Lan uses the coconut fiber sheet soaked with calcium hypochlorite to carry out root growth after 2 months of ascenting; Figure 10 shows the use of coconut fiber sheet soaked with calcium hypochlorite for flamingo flower ( The roots of the stalks of the flamingo flowers are mixed with the stalks of the squid, and the turtles are mixed with the stalks of the stalks. The original cultivation medium for meridian is the commercial BVB medium in the Netherlands; and Figure 11 shows that the cocoa powder leaves (left and right) and red ribbed grass (middle) are treated with calcium hypochlorite soaked for the cuttings. After that, the coconut fiber sheet immersed in calcium hypochlorite is used as Culture medium after cultivation of root growth situations for 2 months.

It can be clearly seen from Fig. 8 to Fig. 11 that the coconut fiber sheet immersed in calcium hypochlorite allows the root penetration of the experimental plant to grow, and the root zone of the plant develops well, and the growth of the crown portion is also good.

Many modifications and other embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the <RTIgt; Although specific words are used herein, they are used in a generic and a Therefore, it is to be understood that the subject matter of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and many modifications and other embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.

(no)

The features, objects, and advantages of the present disclosure will be apparent from the description of the specification, the scope of the claims, and the accompanying drawings. Various specific examples of the present disclosure may use materials or articles that are different from those illustrated in the drawings, as well as certain materials or articles that do not appear in various embodiments. As the case may be, a singular term used to describe a material or article may include a plural number of the material or article and vice versa. Figure 1 shows Phalaenopsis seedlings ( Phal. Sogo Yukidian 'V3') in different cultivation media according to the experimental group of Test I listed in Table 4 in Example 4 below (Experimental group: calcium hypochlorite) Treated coconut fiber sheet, control group: sphagnum moss planted in 1.7, 2.5 and 3.5 inch pots, observed after 30, 60, 90, 120 days of orchid seedling growth; Figure 2 shows cultivation medium (experiment Group: Effect of calcium hypochlorite-treated coconut fiber sheet, control group: sphagnum moss on new root growth of Phalaenopsis seedlings ( Phal. Sogo Yukidian 'V3') planted in 1.7, 2.5 and 3.5 inch pots Among them, each group of orchids photographed is the same orchid seedling shown in Figure 1 (photographed every 90 degrees); Figure 3 shows the experiment according to test IIA (literal procedure) shown in Table 4. Group, Phalaenopsis seedlings ( Phal. Sogo Yukidian 'V3') were cultivated in 3.5-inch pots, cultivation medium (experimental group: calcium fiber sheet treated with calcium hypochlorite, control group: sphagnum moss) in watering liquid fertilizer Or EC value and pH change detected before and after water; Figure 4 shows test IIA (literal pot procedure) listed in Table 4 in Example 4 below. Experimental groups, the vaccine Phalaenopsis (Phal Sogo Yukidian 'V3'. ) At different cultivation medium (experiment: Calcium hypochlorite treated by coconut fiber sheet, control group: sphagnum) planted in 2.5 and 3.5 inches In the pot, the growth of the plants observed after 30, 60, 90, 120 days; Figure 5 shows the cultivation medium (experimental group: coconut fiber sheet treated with calcium hypochlorite, control group: sphagnum) for planting The effects of new root growth of Phalaenopsis seedlings ( Phal. Sogo Yukidian 'V3') in 2.5 and 3.5-inch pots, the blue seedlings of each group photographed are the same blue seedlings shown in Figure 4 (every A photo was taken at 90 degrees); Figure 6 shows the experimental group 3A of the test I listed in Table 4 in accordance with the test IIB (the flowering procedure) listed in Table 4 in Example 4 below (cultivating medium: Calcium chlorate-treated coconut fiber sheet and control group 3B (cultivation medium: sphagnum moss) were incubated for another 2 months after 120 days of cultivation, and then moved to the flowering room for 4 months, when the flower was in full bloom. Photo; Figure 7 shows a fermented coconut fiber (top), non-calcium hypochlorite-treated coconut fiber (middle) and calcium hypochlorite The condition of planting plants by soaking the coconut fiber sheet (below); Figure 8 shows the growth of new roots after 2 months of the potting process using the coconut fiber sheet soaked with calcium hypochlorite; Figure 9 shows the root growth of cymbidium after 2 months of the pot-lifting process using a sample of coconut fiber soaked with calcium hypochlorite; Figure 10 shows that flamingo (left) and tortoise (right) are in Use the coconut fiber sheet soaked with calcium hypochlorite to carry out the pot-lifting procedure (3-inch pot-lift 3.5-inch pot) and root growth after 2 months of planting; and Figure 11 shows the leaf powder (left and right) After using the coconut fiber sheet soaked with calcium hypochlorite as the cutting medium and the root of the red ribs (middle), the coconut fiber sheet soaked with calcium hypochlorite was used as the cultivation medium to plant two Root growth after the month.

Claims (16)

A flexible plant cultivation medium in the shape of a sheet and made of coconut fiber, which is prepared by soaking a gel-free crude coconut fiber mat or sheet in a diluted hypochlorite The aqueous calcium acid solution is subjected to an aqueous volume of 10 minutes to 16 hours, so that the flexible plant cultivation medium obtained after the immersion has an increased volume compared to the rubber-free crude coconut fiber mat or sheet. A reduced electrical conductivity (EC) value, reduced sodium, potassium and phosphorus levels, and an increased calcium content. The flexible plant cultivation medium of claim 1, wherein the diluted calcium hypochlorite aqueous solution used to soak the gel-free crude coconut fiber mat or sheet is by weight of calcium hypochlorite in an amount About 1500 times the water is diluted to form calcium hypochlorite. The flexible plant cultivation medium of claim 1, wherein the flexible plant cultivation medium has a total volume of from about 50% to about 55% greater than the total volume of the gum-free raw coconut fiber mat or sheet. The flexible plant cultivation medium according to claim 1, wherein the flexible plant cultivation medium has a water retention capacity of not less than 40% to about 60% and a porosity of not less than 85% to about 90%. The flexible plant cultivation medium of claim 1, wherein the gel-free crude coconut fiber mat is manufactured in the following manner by using a machine to needle a natural fluffy filamentous coconut fiber fiber to form a needle mat, and then adding Compact and heat the needle pad. The flexible plant cultivation medium of claim 5, wherein the gel-free crude coconut fiber mat has a thickness of about 1 cm and a thickness of about 0.115 g/cm ³ to about 0.125 g after pressure compaction and heating. /cm ³ density. A flexible plant cultivation medium according to claim 5, wherein during the manufacture of the gum-free raw coconut fiber mat, heating is carried out at a temperature of about 80 ° C to kill microorganisms and fungi. The flexible plant cultivation medium of claim 5, wherein the gel-free crude coconut fiber mat is cut before or after being soaked with the diluted calcium hypochlorite aqueous solution after pressure compaction and heating . The flexible plant cultivation medium of claim 8, wherein the flexible plant cultivation medium has a predetermined size large enough to surround the entire package after cutting and soaking the gel-free crude coconut fiber mat The outer peripheral surface of the root ball of the plant. The flexible plant cultivation medium according to claim 9, wherein the flexible plant cultivation medium has a predetermined length, width and thickness sufficient to fill a peripheral portion of the inner peripheral wall surface of the empty cultivation pot and the root portion of the plant. The space gap between the surfaces. A method for an upper basin for a plant having a ball portion, comprising: coating a peripheral portion of a root portion of the plant with a flexible plant cultivation medium according to any one of claims 1 to 9 The surface, and the root ball portion of the plant, together with the flexible plant cultivation medium are placed in an empty cultivation pot. The upper basin method of claim 11, wherein the flexible plant cultivation medium has a predetermined length, width and thickness such that the flexible plant cultivation medium can be completely filled with an inner peripheral wall surface existing in the empty cultivation pot a spatial gap between the outer peripheral surface of the root ball portion of the plant. The method of claim 11, wherein the plant is a plant seedling taken from a tissue culture bottle, and the root portion of the plant comprises a bare root of the plant coated with sphagnum moss to protect the naked root of the plant. It will be in direct contact with the flexible plant cultivation medium. The upper basin method of claim 11, wherein the plant is a plant removed from a smaller size cultivation pot that is smaller than the empty cultivation pot, and the root portion of the plant contains the plant root and one is used A growth medium in which the plant is grown in the smaller sized cultivation pot. The method of claim 11, wherein the plant is a flower crop belonging to the family Orchidaceae or Araceae. A method for an upper basin for a plant having a ball portion, comprising: coating a peripheral surface of one of the root ball portions of the plant with a flexible plant cultivation medium, the flexible plant cultivation medium is borrowed It is produced by immersing a gum-free crude coconut fiber mat or sheet having a density of from about 0.115 g/cm ³ to about 0.125 g/cm ³ in a diluted aqueous calcium hypochlorite solution. Having a period of 10 minutes to 16 hours, such that the flexible plant cultivation medium obtained after soaking has a total volume of from about 50% to about 55% greater than the total volume of the gum-free crude coconut fiber mat or sheet. And placing the root ball portion of the plant together with the flexible plant cultivation medium into an empty cultivation pot, wherein the flexible plant cultivation medium has a predetermined length, width and thickness, thereby making the flexible plant The cultivation medium can completely fill a space gap existing between the surface of the inner peripheral wall of one of the empty cultivation pots and the outer peripheral surface of the root ball portion of the plant.