TWI597436B - 液靜壓軸承 - Google Patents

液靜壓軸承 Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI597436B
TWI597436B TW105107947A TW105107947A TWI597436B TW I597436 B TWI597436 B TW I597436B TW 105107947 A TW105107947 A TW 105107947A TW 105107947 A TW105107947 A TW 105107947A TW I597436 B TWI597436 B TW I597436B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
hydrostatic
ring seat
oil
mandrel
hydrostatic bearing
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TW105107947A
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English (en)
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TW201732168A (zh
Inventor
陳尙德
陳志明
柯博修
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財團法人工業技術研究院
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Priority to TW105107947A priority Critical patent/TWI597436B/zh
Priority to CN201610235562.3A priority patent/CN107191487A/zh
Priority to US15/152,108 priority patent/US9765817B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TWI597436B publication Critical patent/TWI597436B/zh
Publication of TW201732168A publication Critical patent/TW201732168A/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C43/00—Assembling bearings
    • F16C43/02—Assembling sliding-contact bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
    • F16C32/0629—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion
    • F16C32/064—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion the liquid being supplied under pressure
    • F16C32/0651—Details of the bearing area per se
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
    • F16C32/0681—Construction or mounting aspects of hydrostatic bearings, for exclusively rotary movement, related to the direction of load
    • F16C32/0696—Construction or mounting aspects of hydrostatic bearings, for exclusively rotary movement, related to the direction of load for both radial and axial load
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
    • F16C33/1025—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
    • F16C33/1045—Details of supply of the liquid to the bearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
    • F16C33/1025—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
    • F16C33/1045—Details of supply of the liquid to the bearing
    • F16C33/1055—Details of supply of the liquid to the bearing from radial inside, e.g. via a passage through the shaft and/or inner sleeve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2226/00—Joining parts; Fastening; Assembling or mounting parts
    • F16C2226/50—Positive connections
    • F16C2226/60—Positive connections with threaded parts, e.g. bolt and nut connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
    • F16C2360/31—Wind motors

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Description

液靜壓軸承
本發明是有關於一種液靜壓軸承，且特別是有關於一種可於現場維修或更換其中零件之液靜壓軸承。
風力發電機(Wind Turbine)之機艙(Nacelle)多設立於海邊或海面上數十公尺高之處，內部裝設有主要設備，當欲進行維修時，通常須趁風力較小之際，使用特殊起重機或起重拖船將機艙卸下至地面或甲板上再進行，卸下前更要先移除葉片(Blade)，完成後再吊上塔架(Tower)及裝回葉片，如此作業不僅危險、耗時更所費不貲，因此亟待改善。
除了風力發電機以外，其他不易或不能於移動或拆解後進行維修之機械設備，例如更換軸承等，思考如何於現場直接進行將是解決上述問題之可行方向。
本發明提供一種液靜壓軸承，適用於支撐一心軸，主要是由一內部具有主油路之環座、分別固定於該環座二側且內部具 有副油路之二支撐環，以及分別固定於該環座及該二支撐環各自相對於該心軸之側，且具有進油孔與出油孔之多數液靜壓滑塊所組成。
本發明再提供一種液靜壓軸承，適用於支撐一心軸，主要是由一內部具有主油路之環座、分別固定於該環座二側之二支撐環，以及固定於該環座相對於該心軸之側，且具有進油孔與出油孔之多數液靜壓滑塊所組成。
1‧‧‧液靜壓軸承
2‧‧‧環座
21‧‧‧主油路
31,32‧‧‧支撐環
311,321‧‧‧副油路
4,5‧‧‧液靜壓滑塊
41,51‧‧‧進油孔
42,52‧‧‧出油孔
43,53‧‧‧油池
S‧‧‧心軸
F‧‧‧凸緣
圖1繪示本發明一實施例組合後之剖面圖。
圖2繪示本發明一實施例移出一側支撐環之剖面圖。
圖3繪示本發明一實施例移出一軸向液靜壓滑塊之示意圖。
圖4繪示本發明一實施例移出一徑向液靜壓滑塊之示意圖。
圖5繪示本發明一實施例之一液靜壓滑塊俯視等角圖。
圖6繪示本發明一實施例之一液靜壓滑塊仰視等角圖。
圖1繪示本發明一實施例組合後之剖面圖，從此圖可看出本實施例之液靜壓軸承1舉例包括了環座2、固定於環座2二側之支撐環31,32與多數之液靜壓滑塊4,5，環座2是被固定於機艙之內，而液靜壓滑塊4,5則是分別再被固定於支撐環31,32與環座 2相對於風力發電機心軸S(Shaft)之內側接觸面上，並以適當壓力接觸心軸S之表面，用以支撐心軸S於軸向及或徑向之負載，並提供油膜以潤滑，心軸S則再連結輪轂(Hub)及葉片，故心軸S為旋轉件，上述其餘者則為固定件；本實施例雖舉風力發電機為例，但並不以此為限。
環座2與支撐環31,32舉例各呈一環體，其外部除製出多數孔洞(未編號)以作為鎖固螺絲與進出潤滑油外，內部則分別鑽有主油路21與副油路311,321，當完成環座2與支撐環31,32之正確組裝後，各油路孔位將相互對齊貫通，而使潤滑油經一油路系統(未圖示)加壓後舉例由環座2外緣之孔洞進入(箭頭所示)，經各油路21,311,321而至多數之液靜壓滑塊4,5，再經液靜壓滑塊4,5內部之節流閥(Restrictor，未圖示)到達心軸S之表面，最終再經各間隙由環座2另一內部油路(未圖示)至外緣孔洞回到油路系統完成循環。
圖1所示之液靜壓滑塊4,5雖分為軸向液靜壓滑塊4與徑向液靜壓滑塊5，但其構造是相同的，詳細內容請見圖5,6與中華民國第I458586號發明專利，如圖5,6所示，液靜壓滑塊4,5均呈一塊體，內部製有一節流閥，外部二相對面上則各有一進油孔41,51與一出油孔42,52，進油孔41,51與環座2、支撐環31,32之油路21,311,321對齊貫通後以引導潤滑油進入液靜壓滑塊4,5，再由出油孔42,52流入油池43,53而與心軸S之表面形成潤滑油膜。軸向液靜壓滑塊4與徑向液靜壓滑塊5不同之處僅在於與心軸S、 支撐環31,32、環座2之接觸面呈平面狀或弧面狀。本實施例是以風力發電機心軸S必須具有凸緣F(Flange)以承受軸向推力與徑向承載為例，若其他設備之心軸僅受單向負荷時，例如徑向承載時，心軸便缺少類似之凸緣F，因此則可改變或增減液靜壓滑塊之位置與數量因應，例如取消軸向液靜壓滑塊4，本發明均不以此為限。另外，本實施例雖舉例引用中華民國第I458586號發明專利之液靜壓滑塊4,5，但也並不以此為限，例如只要能貫通油路以形成油膜之可更換的消耗性滑塊均可置換，是否具有節流閥亦同。
圖2中多數液靜壓滑塊4,5可在心軸S之表面或凸緣F之外周接觸面上等分或不等分地相對配置，此可由心軸S所受應力狀況而定，每一滑塊4,5可選擇性地連接一監測系統(中華民國第104135388號發明申請案)，以即時監測油路上各參數之變化，作為維修或更換之依據。
本實施例即是提供一可於現場維修或更換液靜壓滑塊之液靜壓軸承，當決定進行維修或更換時，以風力發電機而言，只要現場空間允許，工程人員僅須攜帶必要工具與零件進入機艙即可，不必將機艙吊下。見圖2所示，經由旋開與環座2之固定螺絲(未圖示)便可移出一側之支撐環31或對側之支撐環32，而後再自支撐環31,32內側卸下軸向液靜壓滑塊4進行維修或更換，見圖3所示；此外若旋開環座2外周對徑向液靜壓滑塊5之固定螺絲(未圖示)，亦可由左右側方向抽出徑向液靜壓滑塊5，見圖4所示。由於維修或更換作業是採取逐環、逐塊進行，因此本實施例之軸 承對心軸之支撐於此時不會受到影響。
本發明之另一實施例即是當心軸S不具有凸緣F時，如上文所述，軸向液靜壓滑塊4則可取消，支撐環31,32也僅是作為封閉環座2二側之用，徑向液靜壓滑塊5則直接自主油路21引入潤滑油至其進油孔51，而其餘技術特徵則仍可沿用。
本實施例配合了液靜壓滑塊4,5，提供一可於現場維修或更換之液靜壓軸承，以風力發電機為例，從而實現免除危險、耗時、費資之吊掛作業，不僅延長了昂貴軸承之使用壽命，也大幅降低維護成本與提高作業效率，具備了頒予發明專利之條件。
雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者，在不脫離本發明的精神和範圍內，當可作些許的更動與修改，惟本發明的保護範圍當以後附的申請專利範圍所界定者為準。
1‧‧‧液靜壓軸承
2‧‧‧環座
21,311,321‧‧‧油路
31,32‧‧‧支撐環
4,5‧‧‧液靜壓滑塊
S‧‧‧心軸
F‧‧‧凸緣

Claims (6)

  1. 一種液靜壓軸承，適用於支撐一心軸，包括：一環座，內部具有一主油路；二支撐環，分別固定於該環座之二側，內部具有一副油路；以及多數液靜壓滑塊，是以螺絲分別固定於該環座與該二支撐環各自相對於該心軸之側，並具有一進油孔與一出油孔。。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的液靜壓軸承，其中該主油路、該副油路、該進油孔與該出油孔是相互貫通。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的液靜壓軸承，其中該多數液靜壓滑塊是以等分或不等分固定於該環座與該二支撐環。
  4. 一種液靜壓軸承，適用於支撐一心軸，包括：一環座，內部設有一主油路；二支撐環，分別固定於該環座之二側；以及多數液靜壓滑塊，是以螺絲固定於該環座相對於該心軸之側，並具有一進油孔與一出油孔。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第4項所述的液靜壓軸承，其中該主油路、該進油孔與該出油孔是相互貫通。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第4項所述的液靜壓軸承，其中該多數液靜壓滑塊是以等分或不等分固定於該環座。
TW105107947A 2016-03-15 2016-03-15 液靜壓軸承 TWI597436B (zh)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TW105107947A TWI597436B (zh) 2016-03-15 2016-03-15 液靜壓軸承
CN201610235562.3A CN107191487A (zh) 2016-03-15 2016-04-15 液静压轴承
US15/152,108 US9765817B1 (en) 2016-03-15 2016-05-11 Hydrostatic bearing assembly

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TW105107947A TWI597436B (zh) 2016-03-15 2016-03-15 液靜壓軸承

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TWI597436B true TWI597436B (zh) 2017-09-01
TW201732168A TW201732168A (zh) 2017-09-16

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CN (1) CN107191487A (zh)
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JP7000010B2 (ja) * 2016-02-29 2022-01-19 三菱パワー株式会社 ジャーナル軸受および回転機械
DE102017211037A1 (de) * 2017-06-29 2019-01-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Einrichtung zur axialen Lagerung einer Welle in einem Gehäuse und Verdichtereinrichtung
JP7048258B2 (ja) * 2017-10-27 2022-04-05 川崎重工業株式会社 膨張タービン
TWI696767B (zh) * 2018-11-29 2020-06-21 財團法人工業技術研究院 液靜壓軸承總成
EP3739226B1 (en) * 2019-05-16 2022-12-14 Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/S Bearing arrangement for a wind turbine and wind turbine
CN111536150B (zh) * 2020-05-18 2021-12-24 哈尔滨工业大学 一种表面节流的流体静压轴承、流体静压转台和流体静压主轴
CN111623041A (zh) * 2020-06-08 2020-09-04 无锡市联谊机车配件制造有限公司 一种止推轴承垫片及其加工工艺

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