TWI572321B - 股骨支撐裝置 - Google Patents

股骨支撐裝置 Download PDF

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TWI572321B
TWI572321B TW105126938A TW105126938A TWI572321B TW I572321 B TWI572321 B TW I572321B TW 105126938 A TW105126938 A TW 105126938A TW 105126938 A TW105126938 A TW 105126938A TW I572321 B TWI572321 B TW I572321B
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femoral
joint
support device
joint end
support
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TW105126938A
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TW201808230A (zh
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蔡東霖
李佳龍
黃世樺
王珮驊
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財團法人金屬工業研究發展中心
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Priority to US15/585,266 priority patent/US10258475B2/en
Publication of TW201808230A publication Critical patent/TW201808230A/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/32Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3609Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/74Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur
    • A61B17/742Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur having one or more longitudinal elements oriented along or parallel to the axis of the neck
    • A61B17/744Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur having one or more longitudinal elements oriented along or parallel to the axis of the neck the longitudinal elements coupled to an intramedullary nail
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/74Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur
    • A61B17/742Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur having one or more longitudinal elements oriented along or parallel to the axis of the neck
    • A61B17/746Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur having one or more longitudinal elements oriented along or parallel to the axis of the neck the longitudinal elements coupled to a plate opposite the femoral head
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/32Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3662Femoral shafts
    • A61F2/367Proximal or metaphyseal parts of shafts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30405Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by screwing complementary threads machined on the parts themselves
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30433Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements using additional screws, bolts, dowels, rivets or washers e.g. connecting screws
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30772Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section
    • A61F2002/30784Plurality of holes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/32Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3609Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
    • A61F2002/3611Heads or epiphyseal parts of femur
    • A61F2002/3613Heads or epiphyseal parts of femur with lateral or oblique apertures, holes or openings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/32Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3609Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
    • A61F2002/3625Necks
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/32Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3609Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
    • A61F2002/365Connections of heads to necks
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/32Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3609Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
    • A61F2002/3652Connections of necks to shafts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/32Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3662Femoral shafts
    • A61F2002/3678Geometrical features
    • A61F2002/368Geometrical features with lateral apertures, bores, holes or openings, e.g. for reducing the mass, for receiving fixation screws or for communicating with the inside of a hollow shaft

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Description

股骨支撐裝置
本發明係關於一種骨科醫療器材,尤其是一種可裝設於股骨中,搭配髖臼杯使用以構成人工髖關節的股骨支撐裝置。
請參照第1圖,其係一種習知的股骨支撐裝置9,該習知的股骨支撐裝置9包含一座體91、一支撐柄92及一斜柱93,該支撐柄92具有一骨柄端921及一關節端922,該斜柱93由一端一體連接該支撐柄92的關節端922;組裝時,該支撐柄92的骨柄端921貫穿該座體91,且該座體91卡掣結合在較鄰近該關節端922處,以穩固定位該支撐柄92。
欲將該習知的股骨支撐裝置9植入人體時,需先切開包覆於股骨F處之肌肉與韌帶,並鋸除股骨頸及股骨頭,再對股骨F中的鬆質骨(cancellous bone)鑿孔以植入該習知的股骨支撐裝置9。該習知的股骨支撐裝置9植入患者的股骨F後,該斜柱93會呈傾斜地凸出在患者的股骨F外,用以取代股骨頸,供一髖臼組件(圖未繪示)組裝在該斜柱93的自由端。
惟,該習知的股骨支撐裝置9僅由單一個斜柱93支撐身體垂直應力及股骨轉子斜向扭力,難以有效地分散受力,使得該習知的股骨支撐裝置9易於使用一段時間後發生失效的問題。
另,該斜柱93係一體連接該支撐柄92,因而無法依據患者的骨骼型態任意改變該支撐柄92或該斜柱93的長度,或是調整該斜柱93 與該支撐柄92之間的傾斜角度等,故該習知的股骨支撐裝置9需製備多種規格以供選用,對於醫院的物料管理十分不便,也易造成廠商囤貨的壓力。再且,該習知股骨支撐裝置9的每一個規格品即包含完整的支撐柄92與斜柱93,其用料量大,成本高,且相當佔用儲放空間。
類似於上述的股骨支撐裝置9的一實施例已揭露於中華民國公告第I312677號「人工股骨結構」專利案當中,其他如中華民國公告第M394805號「股骨假體」、第M389530號「高抗壓性內填充抗生素骨水泥股骨支撐裝置」及第I305722號「具有多孔性組織之人工骨頭」等專利案亦具有類似的結構,故同樣具有上述缺點。
有鑑於此,習知的股骨支撐裝置確實仍有加以改善之必要。
為解決上述問題,本發明提供一種股骨支撐裝置,設數個支撐桿共同支撐轉子頭及髖臼杯以有效分散受力。
本發明提供一種股骨支撐裝置,可藉由模組化的構件組合出最適合患者骨骼型態的股骨支撐裝置。
本發明以下所提到如「上」、「下」、「遠端」、「近端」、「內側」、「外側」等方向性用語之定義同於解剖學定義;即,所述「上」為「近顱側」,「下」為「近足底側」,遠離軀幹的根部為「遠端」,靠近軀幹的根部為「近端」,「內側」與「外側」則依與人體正中矢狀面的相對距離而定。
本發明的股骨支撐裝置,包含:一股骨柄,該股骨柄設有數個斜通道;數個支撐桿,該數個支撐桿分別貫穿該數個斜通道,各該支撐桿的二端分別為一第一結合端及一第二結合端;一轉子頭,該轉子頭設有數個第一結合部供該支撐桿的第一結合端結合;及一固定組件,該固定組件設有數個第二結合部供該支撐桿的第二結合端結合,該股骨柄具有一內半側及一外半側,各該斜通道在該內半側形成一穿出口,及在該外半側形 成一穿入口,各該斜通道由穿入口朝穿出口呈向上傾斜狀,該支撐桿的第一結合端凸伸在該穿出口外,該支撐桿的第二結合端凸伸在該穿入口外。
據此,本發明的股骨支撐裝置可依據各患者的骨骼型態組合出最合適的股骨支撐裝置,並有效分散受力,達到提升治療效果、延長使用壽命、提升醫院物料管理的便利性、降低廠商囤貨壓力、降低各規格品的成本及其所佔用的儲放空間等多重功效,使習知一體式的股骨支撐裝置的問題全部獲得有效改善。
其中,該數個斜通道中的任三個斜通道的中心線不共平面;該結構使該數個支撐桿可形成立體型態的排列方式,具有提升支撐效果等功效。
其中,該支撐桿的第一結合端與第二結合端為相同的外型結構;該結構具有提升組裝便利性等功效。
其中,該數個第一結合部呈環狀分布,該第一結合部的數量大於該支撐桿的數量,以使該轉子頭具有通用性。
其中,該固定組件包含一固定板及數個迫緊件,該固定板設有數個穿孔,該數個第二結合部分別設於該數個迫緊件;該數個支撐桿的第二結合端貫穿該數個穿孔以結合至該數個迫緊件的第二結合部。以由簡易的結構固定該數個支撐桿,並使該固定組件可便於製造、組裝,具有降低製造成本及提升組裝便利性等功效。
其中,該固定板設有一中心孔,該數個穿孔環設在該中心孔外;該結構具有使該固定板不易裂損等功效。
其中,該固定板設有數個凹溝,各該凹溝由該中心孔延伸至該固定板的外周緣,並通過任二相鄰的穿孔之間;該結構具有提升組裝便利性等功效;該結構具有更進一步地提升該固定板的結構強度等功效。
其中,該支撐桿的第二結合端為外螺紋,該迫緊件的第二結 合部為具有內螺紋的螺孔且呈盲孔型態;該結構可提升該支撐桿與該轉子頭及該固定組件之間的組裝便利性,且易於加工成型而可降低製造成本,同時還能避免該支撐桿穿出該迫緊件而刮傷施術者或患者股骨附近的組織,具有提升使用安全性等功效。
其中,該迫緊件的外表面為弧面型態;該結構具有更進一步地提升該迫緊件的使用安全性等功效。
其中,該迫緊件的第二結合部的螺紋長度大於該支撐桿的第二結合端的螺紋長度;該結構具有提升鎖固定位的穩固性等功效。
其中,該固定板的穿孔數量大於該支撐桿的數量,以使該固定板具有通用性。
〔本發明〕
1‧‧‧股骨柄
1a‧‧‧內半側
1b‧‧‧外半側
11‧‧‧斜通道
11a‧‧‧穿出口
11b‧‧‧穿入口
2‧‧‧支撐桿
21‧‧‧第一結合端
22‧‧‧第二結合端
3‧‧‧轉子頭
31‧‧‧第一結合部
4‧‧‧固定組件
4a‧‧‧固定板
4b‧‧‧迫緊件
41‧‧‧第二結合部
42‧‧‧穿孔
43‧‧‧中心孔
44‧‧‧凹溝
45‧‧‧插孔
A‧‧‧髖臼
C‧‧‧髖臼杯
F‧‧‧股骨
H‧‧‧髖骨
θ‧‧‧夾角
〔習用〕
9‧‧‧股骨支撐裝置
91‧‧‧座體
92‧‧‧支撐柄
921‧‧‧骨柄端
922‧‧‧關節端
93‧‧‧斜柱
F‧‧‧股骨
第1圖:一種習知股骨支撐裝置的實施示意圖。
第2圖:本發明一實施例的立體分解結構示意圖。
第3圖:本發明一實施例搭配髖臼杯使用的立體結構示意圖。
第4圖:本發明一實施例沿第3圖A-A剖線的實施示意圖。
第5圖:本發明一實施例沿第3圖A-A剖線的另一實施示意圖。
為讓本發明之上述及其他目的、特徵及優點能更明顯易懂,下文特舉本發明之較佳實施例,並配合所附圖式,作詳細說明如下:請參照第2、3圖,其係本發明股骨支撐裝置的一實施例,該股骨支撐裝置大致上包含一股骨柄1、數個支撐桿2、一轉子頭3及一固定組件4,該數個支撐桿2貫穿該股骨柄1,並將二端分別結合至該轉子頭3與該固定組件4。
請參照第2、4圖,該股骨柄1概呈長柄狀,用以植入股骨 F的骨髓腔中,該股骨柄1的外表面較佳呈粗糙狀以便提供良好的生物結合性。該股骨柄1具有一內半側1a及一外半側1b,該股骨柄1植入患者的股骨F後,該股骨柄1的內半側1a較外半側1b鄰近髖骨H的髖臼A。該股骨柄1設有數個斜通道11,各該斜通道11在該股骨柄1的內半側1a形成一穿出口11a,以及在該股骨柄1的外半側1b形成一穿入口11b,各該斜通道11由穿入口11b朝穿出口11a呈向上傾斜狀;各該斜通道11的中心線與水平面形成一夾角θ,不同規格的股骨柄1可以具有不同夾角θ的斜通道11,供施術者能依據患者原有的股骨頸傾斜程度選擇最合適的股骨柄1。
請再參照第2、3圖,各該支撐桿2的二端分別為一第一結合端21及一第二結合端22,該數個支撐桿2分別貫穿該數個斜通道11,並使該第一結合端21裸露在該斜通道11的穿出口11a外以便結合該轉子頭3,及使該第二結合端22裸露在該斜通道11的穿入口11b外以便結合該固定組件4。據此,本發明可由該數個支撐桿2共同支撐該轉子頭3,以有效分散受力;其中,該股骨柄1所設斜通道11的數量不限,較佳使該數個斜通道11中的任三個斜通道11的中心線不共平面,令穿伸通過該數個斜通道11的該數個支撐桿2可形成立體型態的排列方式,以對該轉子頭3提供更佳的支撐效果。
又,該支撐桿2的第一結合端21與第二結合端22的結構不限,該第一結合端21以能夠結合該轉子頭3為原則,該第二結合端22則以能夠結合該固定組件4為原則。該支撐桿2的第一結合端21與第二結合端22可以為相同的外型結構,使該支撐桿2能以任一端穿入患者體內,不會有組裝方向錯誤的問題,有助提升組裝便利性;例如但不限制地,該支撐桿2的第一結合端21及第二結合端22均可設為外螺紋,以便與該轉子頭3及該固定組件4快速組裝或拆卸,且相當易於加工成型,有助降低製 造成本。或者,該支撐桿2的第一結合端21及第二結合端22也可以是結合後無法再以非破壞性方式分離的結構,使該支撐桿2的二端能分別與該轉子頭3及該固定組件4穩固結合。或者,該支撐桿2的第一結合端21與第二結合端22也可設為不同的結構,以符合不同的結合需求。
該轉子頭3設有數個第一結合部31供該支撐桿2的第一結合端21結合。該數個第一結合部31呈環狀分布,該第一結合部31的數量較佳大於該支撐桿2的數量,使該轉子頭3具有通用性,無論該支撐桿2的數量為多少,或是各該支撐桿2之間為等距或不等距設置等情況均可適用。在本實施例中,該第一結合部31可配合該支撐桿2設為外螺紋的第一結合端21而設為具有內螺紋的螺孔。
請再參照第2、4圖,該固定組件4設有數個第二結合部41供該支撐桿2的第二結合端22結合,以將該支撐桿2的第二結合端22固定在股骨F外側。在本實施例中,該固定組件4包含一固定板4a及數個迫緊件4b,該固定板4a設有數個穿孔42,該數個第二結合部41分別設於該數個迫緊件4b;據此,該數個支撐桿2的第二結合端22可貫穿該固定板4a的數個穿孔42,並結合至該數個迫緊件4b的第二結合部41,以由該數個迫緊件4b將該固定板4a固定貼接在股骨F的外側表面。
其中,該固定板4a的穿孔42數量較佳大於該支撐桿2的數量,使該固定板4a同樣具有通用性。此外,該固定板4a還可設有一中心孔43,並將該數個穿孔42環設在該中心孔43外,以由該中心孔43吸收該固定板4a在該數個穿孔42處所承受的應力,使該固定板4a不易裂損。特別是,本實施例還可在該固定板4a設數個凹溝44,各該凹溝44由該中心孔43延伸至該固定板4a的外周緣,並通過任二相鄰的穿孔42之間,使該固定板4a上任意處的受力都能較易通過最鄰近的凹溝44向該中心孔43傳遞,以更進一步地提升該固定板4a的結構強度。
各該迫緊件4b的第二結合部41可以為一螺孔,以便快速螺合至呈外螺紋型態的該支撐桿2的第二結合端22。本實施例可選擇使該迫緊件4b的第二結合部41設為盲孔型態,避免該支撐桿2的第二結合端22穿出該迫緊件4b而刮傷施術者或患者股骨F附近的組織;較佳並將該迫緊件4b的外表面設為弧面型態,以更進一步地提升該迫緊件4b的使用安全性。其中,當該迫緊件4b的外表面呈弧面型態時,該迫緊件4b外表面可設有數個插孔45供工具定位以便轉動該迫緊件4b;又,該迫緊件4b的第二結合部41的螺紋長度較佳大於該支撐桿2的第二結合端22的螺紋長度,使該支撐桿2的第二結合端22能完全螺入該迫緊件4b中,以由該迫緊件4b迫緊該固定板4a與患者股骨F,提升鎖固定位的穩固性。
請參照第3、4圖,據由前述結構,本發明的股骨支撐裝置可搭配一髖臼杯C使用以構成人工髖關節;使用本發明的股骨支撐裝置時,施術者可預先依據患者原有的股骨頸傾斜程度及長度,選擇具有最合適的斜通道11夾角θ的股骨柄1及具有最合適長度的數個支撐桿2。
手術時,將適當數量的支撐桿2從患者的股骨F外側貫穿股骨F及該股骨柄1,以由各該支撐桿2的第一結合端21結合該轉子頭3的第一結合部31;另將該轉子頭3置入該髖臼杯C,及將該髖臼杯C對位置入髖骨H的髖臼A中。最後,將該固定組件4的固定板4a貼接在股骨F外側,使該數個支撐桿2的第二結合端22可貫穿該固定板4a的數個穿孔42,再逐一以迫緊件4b的第二結合部41結合該支撐桿2的第二結合端22,使患者的股骨F與髖臼A能以固定的距離及角度維持定位,從而完成人工髖關節置換之手術。
由於本發明的股骨支撐裝置可以由數個支撐桿2共同支撐該轉子頭3及髖臼杯C,故包含本發明股骨支撐裝置的人工髖關節將能有效分散支撐身體垂直應力及股骨轉子斜向扭力等受力,不僅有助縮短復原 時間,還能減少患者置換人工髖關節後的不適感,並延長該股骨支撐裝置的使用壽命。
再者,本發明的股骨支撐裝置可拆成數個構件,以便依據不同患者的股骨F型態選用各個合適規格的構件,組裝成對各患者而言最合用的股骨支撐裝置,一方面可減少患者置換人工髖關節後的不適感,提升治療效果與品質;另一方面則能藉由拆開來儲放管理的各構件,提升醫院物料管理的便利性、降低廠商囤貨壓力,更可降低各規格品的成本及其所佔用的儲放空間。
舉例來說,如第4圖所示,當患者原有的股骨頸傾斜程度較大,且股骨頭與股骨外側距離較短時,可選用斜通道11夾角θ較大的股骨柄1,搭配長度較短的數個支撐桿2,使該股骨支撐裝置符合該患者原有的骨骼型態。又如第5圖所示,當患者原有的股骨頸傾斜程度較小,且股骨頭與股骨外側距離較長時,則可選用斜通道11夾角θ較小的股骨柄1,搭配長度較長的數個支撐桿2,使該股骨支撐裝置亦可符合該患者原有的骨骼型態。
綜上所述,本發明的股骨支撐裝置可依據各患者的骨骼型態組合出最合適的股骨支撐裝置,並有效分散受力,達到提升治療效果、延長使用壽命、提升醫院物料管理的便利性、降低廠商囤貨壓力、降低各規格品的成本及其所佔用的儲放空間等多重功效,使習知一體式的股骨支撐裝置的問題全部獲得有效改善。
雖然本發明已利用上述較佳實施例揭示,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何熟習此技藝者在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍之內,相對上述實施例進行各種更動與修改仍屬本發明所保護之技術範疇,因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。
1‧‧‧股骨柄
1a‧‧‧內半側
1b‧‧‧外半側
11‧‧‧斜通道
11a‧‧‧穿出口
11b‧‧‧穿入口
2‧‧‧支撐桿
21‧‧‧第一結合端
22‧‧‧第二結合端
3‧‧‧轉子頭
31‧‧‧第一結合部
4‧‧‧固定組件
4a‧‧‧固定板
4b‧‧‧迫緊件
41‧‧‧第二結合部
42‧‧‧穿孔
43‧‧‧中心孔
44‧‧‧凹溝
45‧‧‧插孔
C‧‧‧髖臼杯

Claims (11)

  1. 一種股骨支撐裝置,包含:一股骨柄,該股骨柄設有數個斜通道;數個支撐桿,該數個支撐桿分別貫穿該數個斜通道,各該支撐桿的二端分別為一第一結合端及一第二結合端;一轉子頭,該轉子頭設有數個第一結合部供該支撐桿的第一結合端結合;及一固定組件,該固定組件設有數個第二結合部供該支撐桿的第二結合端結合,該股骨柄具有一內半側及一外半側,各該斜通道在該內半側形成一穿出口,及在該外半側形成一穿入口,各該斜通道由穿入口朝穿出口呈向上傾斜狀,該支撐桿的第一結合端凸伸在該穿出口外,該支撐桿的第二結合端凸伸在該穿入口外。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之股骨支撐裝置,其中,該數個斜通道中的任三個斜通道的中心線不共平面。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之股骨支撐裝置,其中,該支撐桿的第一結合端與第二結合端為相同的外型結構。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之股骨支撐裝置,其中,該數個第一結合部呈環狀分布,該第一結合部的數量大於該支撐桿的數量。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1至4項中任一項所述之股骨支撐裝置,其中,該固定組件包含一固定板及數個迫緊件,該固定板設有數個穿孔,該數個第二結合部分別設於該數個迫緊件;該數個支撐桿的第二結合端貫穿該數個穿孔以結合至該數個迫緊件的第二結合部。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之股骨支撐裝置,其中,該固定板設有一中心孔,該數個穿孔環設在該中心孔外。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之股骨支撐裝置,其中,該固定板設有數個 凹溝,各該凹溝由該中心孔延伸至該固定板的外周緣,並通過任二相鄰的穿孔之間。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之股骨支撐裝置,其中,該支撐桿的第二結合端為外螺紋,該迫緊件的第二結合部為具有內螺紋的螺孔且呈盲孔型態。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第8項所述之股骨支撐裝置,其中,該迫緊件的外表面為弧面型態。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第8項所述之股骨支撐裝置,其中,該迫緊件的第二結合部的螺紋長度大於該支撐桿的第二結合端的螺紋長度。
  11. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之股骨支撐裝置,其中,該固定板的穿孔數量大於該支撐桿的數量。
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